The Cosmic Mystery That Made Us Possible.

Money Explainers

The universe is made of the leftovers from a cosmic war. Why did matter win the battle? Find out here. Why is there more matter than antimatter? An imbalance that gave rise to everything we know, and we still don't understand it. From the Big Bang to thunderstorms, antimatter is an elusive ghost that reveals secrets about our existence. #MysteriesOfTheUniverse #QuantumPhysics  #MatterAndAntimatter

Transcript

00:00Matter and antimatter

00:01The tiny difference that made all life possible

00:05Have you ever wondered why the universe exists?

00:08The answer seems to lie in a story of opposites

00:11A cosmic balancing act that went wrong

00:14But thankfully, in our favor

00:16Scientists have discovered that our universe exists

00:19Because it originated with a slight imbalance

00:21Between matter and antimatter

00:23What exactly are they?

00:26Matter particles, electrons, protons and neutrons

00:29Are what make us up

00:31And they differ from antimatter

00:33Which has the opposite electric charge

00:35The catch is that they don't get along

00:39When they collide, they annihilate each other

00:42In an intense burst of gamma rays

00:44The concept of antimatter isn't new

00:46It was predicted almost a century ago

00:49By the English physicist Paul Dirac

00:51Its existence was confirmed in the 1930s

00:55And today, scientists can even create it

00:58In the Large Hadron Collider

00:59The LHC

01:01This is where the great mystery comes in

01:04Dirac's predictions suggested there should be

01:07Equal amounts of matter and antimatter

01:09However, the universe we observe

01:12Is overwhelmingly dominated by matter

01:14All the stars and all the galaxies

01:17Are made of it

01:18Particle physicists believe that the universe

01:21Started with a 52-50 ratio of matter

01:24And antimatter during the Big Bang

01:26But that it was very quickly dominated by matter

01:29For this to happen, there had to be a very slight difference

01:33Or asymmetry

01:35In the behavior of matter and antimatter

01:38To allow one of them to dominate over the other

01:40But this difference is not predicted

01:43Is not understood

01:44And is certainly not explained

01:47As particle physicist Tara Shears pointed out

01:50Scientists call this the matter-antimatter asymmetry problem

01:54Imagine billions of times more matter and antimatter particles

01:58Than exist now

01:59All annihilating each other in the first fractions of a second

02:03After the Big Bang

02:05Physicists state that what we are made of

02:08Are the leftovers of that cosmic event

02:10Essentially, what predominated became what we now call matter

02:14And its opposite became antimatter

02:17A significant idea to solve this problem

02:20Came from the Soviet physicist

02:22Andrei Sakharov

02:23In 1967

02:25He proposed that the asymmetry exists

02:28Because matter and antimatter particles

02:30Are not exact opposites

02:32But rather react differently to some fundamental forces

02:36Under certain circumstances

02:38This phenomenon is known as CNCP violation

02:42While the general principles are known

02:44The specific details remain elusive

02:46Interestingly, antimatter is not just a cosmic phenomenon

02:50A NASA spacecraft has discovered bursts of antimatter

02:55Released by thunderstorms in Earth's atmosphere

02:57So, while we continue to make incredible scientific strides

03:02The fundamental question of why matter prevailed over antimatter

03:06Why Portu Existimos Como Resaltodo

03:10D.E.S.A. Pequega

03:11Differencia

03:12And why we exist as a result of that tiny difference?

03:16Remains one of the most captivating mysteries of the universe

03:20Money Explainers

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