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Planes with Brains (2018) is a fun and imaginative animated adventure that follows a group of clever planes as they navigate exciting challenges, teamwork, and creative problem-solving. Planes with Brains (2018) highlights themes of friendship, determination, courage, and personal growth as the characters work together to achieve their goals and learn valuable lessons. With colorful animation, engaging storytelling, and memorable characters, Planes with Brains (2018) offers an entertaining and inspiring viewing experience. Perfect for audiences who enjoy family-friendly animated adventures, uplifting stories, and imaginative tales filled with fun, creativity, and teamwork.
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Art et designTranscription
00:03:47Wow!
00:03:49I can't wait to find out more!
00:03:51The History of Airplanes
00:03:53Sounds absolutely
00:03:55amazing!
00:03:57As you know, Vroomer and Gumdrop,
00:03:59to win the annual Planes
00:04:01with Brains contest, you must
00:04:03find out and learn tons
00:04:05of amazing facts about
00:04:07airplanes!
00:04:09Yes, Commander Airhead! Vroom vroom!
00:04:11We will!
00:04:13Excellent! You must also
00:04:15know that there is a question that
00:04:17all the brightest
00:04:19flying minds all over the
00:04:21world's skies have not been
00:04:23able to answer about the
00:04:25history of airplanes!
00:04:27We need you two winged
00:04:29scouts to help us answer
00:04:31the Who Flew question
00:04:33about the history of
00:04:35airplanes! Who flew
00:04:37question? Love it!
00:04:39What is the question, Commander
00:04:41Airhead? When did
00:04:43the first and longest
00:04:45unmanned aircraft flight
00:04:47take place? That's a
00:04:49great question, Commander
00:04:51Airhead! We'll land the answer
00:04:53in a spin of a propeller! I'm
00:04:55sure! I will assign
00:04:57you the best winged scout
00:04:59helper in the world!
00:05:01His name is Willie Widget!
00:05:03He's a robotic encyclopedia
00:05:05of aircraft knowledge!
00:05:07He will assist you on
00:05:09on your mission!
00:05:11Willie Widget!
00:05:13We love Willie Widget!
00:05:15Be sure to ask a lot of
00:05:17questions, winged scouts!
00:05:19The prestigious Planes with Brains
00:05:21award is up for grabs!
00:05:23Yay! Winged scouts
00:05:25ready to fly, Commander
00:05:27on your next adventure!
00:05:29Winged scouts!
00:05:31Winged scouts!
00:05:33Ready to get started on your next adventure?
00:05:35Yes! Super ready!
00:05:37Totally ready!
00:05:39Remember, winged scouts, any and all questions you have, I'm here to answer them!
00:05:43Where do we begin?
00:05:45Back in time, more than two thousand years ago, in Greece!
00:05:51Super ready!
00:05:53Totally ready!
00:05:54Remember, winged scouts, any and all questions you have, I'm here to answer them.
00:06:00Where do we begin?
00:06:01Back in time, more than 2,000 years ago in Greece.
00:06:06You see, ancient people were inspired by the observation of birds soaring through the sky
00:06:12and designed aircrafts that copied the beating of a bird's wings.
00:06:17These machines are known as ornithopters.
00:06:20With ornithopters, the flapping wings generated both lift and propulsion.
00:06:26One of the earliest known examples of this type of machine is the wooden bird,
00:06:32designed by Greek scientist, philosopher, and mathematician Architas of Tarentum in 400 B.C.
00:06:40Even though some of these ancient machines took off for a few short flights, they remain impractical.
00:06:47Whoa!
00:06:47To trace the beginning of the history of flight, we have to travel in time all the way to the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries.
00:07:00Let's take a tour around Europe and meet some of the great thinkers who paved the way for the evolution of airplanes.
00:07:07In Italy, the Netherlands, and England, mathematicians, scientists, and inventors like Leonardo da Vinci,
00:07:21Galileo Galilei, Christiane Huygens, and Isaac Newton all contributed the first research into aerodynamics.
00:07:29What's aerodynamics, Willy Widgett?
00:07:33Aero means air, and dynamics means motion.
00:07:38So, aerodynamics deals with the dynamics of air as it interacts with solid objects, like an airplane.
00:07:46Did you know you two guys experience aerodynamics every time you fly?
00:07:52Incredible!
00:07:53Hit my plane brain with more cool factoids, Willy Widgett!
00:07:58It wasn't until the turn of the 18th century when an English baronet named George Cayley
00:08:05turned flying theory into reality by being the first to focus his attention on fixed-wing aircrafts,
00:08:13like modern airplanes, as opposed to the earlier aircrafts with beating wings like birds.
00:08:20He was a pioneer of aeronautical engineering, who in 1804 flew the first successful flying glider,
00:08:29or a non-motor-powered flying machine, on record.
00:08:32Blasting engines! That's amazing!
00:08:36In 1853, George Cayley launched and flew the first glider, ever recorded, to carry a person on board.
00:08:45Very interesting!
00:08:47What happened next, Willy Widgett?
00:08:49Excellent question, Gumdrop!
00:08:52In the 1870s, Otto Lilienthal, a German mechanical engineer, followed in Cayley's footsteps
00:08:59and launched a series of very important studies on wing design.
00:09:04Lilienthal designed, built, and flew a number of monoplane and biplane gliders,
00:09:11accomplishing as many as 2,000 flights between 1890 and 1896.
00:09:18Whoa! Fun factoid! But how did we get from those really cool gliders to winged airplanes with engines like us, Willy Widgett?
00:09:28That's a very good question, Vroomer!
00:09:31Let's take a trip to the United States and meet the Wright Brothers!
00:09:35Woohoo!
00:09:36The Wright Brothers, Orville and Wilbur, were two American inventors and aviation pioneers
00:09:45who built and flew the world's first successful airplane.
00:09:50Their lifelong dream came true when Orville took to the sky in the first-ever motor-powered, heavier-than-air aircraft called the Flyer
00:10:03on December 17, 1903, four miles south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
00:10:09What was the Flyer made of, Willy Widgett?
00:10:11The Flyer was made using a strong and lightweight wood from the giant spruce tree as the main construction material.
00:10:19And muslin, a lightweight cotton cloth, was used for surface coverings.
00:10:25Even the Flyer's propellers were made of wood.
00:10:28Whoa, Willy Widgett! Factoid cooler than rain clouds after a spring shower!
00:10:34How was the Flyer powered, Willy Widgett?
00:10:37Excellent question, Vroomer!
00:10:38Orville and Wilbur had a gasoline engine fabricated in their bicycle shop just for the Flyer.
00:10:45The engine was fairly simple in construction, but it provided exactly the power required to propel their aircraft.
00:10:54What about steering and piloting these early planes, Willy Widgett?
00:10:58Very good question, Vroomer! I see you are paying attention.
00:11:01During the second half of the 19th century, aircrafts had used a steering gear for yaw control, which is directing the plane's nose to the left and right.
00:11:14Cayley was the first to create an elevator for control in pitch, which is the directing of a plane's nose up or down.
00:11:22It was finally the Wright brothers who devised a system they called wing warping, which allowed the pilot control over the movement of the wings.
00:11:34Were the Wright brothers the only ones who created aircrafts around this time?
00:11:38They were the first to successfully fly one, but definitely not the only ones to do so.
00:11:45Let's take a tour of Europe at the beginning of the 20th century, and we'll find aviators like Brazilian-born Alberto Santos Dumont, who made the first public flight in Europe in 1906.
00:11:57And the Frenchman, Henri Farman, who made his first successful attempt at flight the following year in 1907.
00:12:06Whoa! What happened after that, Willy Widgett?
00:12:10As World War I approached, the governments of various countries foresaw the potential of warplanes during wartime.
00:12:18Airplane production and improvements in aerodynamics surged.
00:12:21Construction of aircrafts increased along with the power of the aircraft's motor.
00:12:28Planes also became faster and capable of flying higher.
00:12:32During the First World War, airplane speeds increased to 130 miles per hour,
00:12:40and aerial battles were taking place at the incredible altitude of 20,000 feet.
00:12:46Whoa! Tearing turbines! That's incredible!
00:12:49After the war, there were a lot of airplanes waiting for their next assignment.
00:12:56Many of them were converted for commercial use.
00:12:59Even the U.S. Post Office jumped on board and launched its first air mail in 1918.
00:13:06Imagine how fast mail got delivered now, with the help of commercial planes.
00:13:12Sending mail by plane allowed parcels to get from coast to coast 22 hours sooner.
00:13:19Woohoo!
00:13:22Yay!
00:13:26Aviation's improvements continued in earnest, and in 1927, inventor, writer, and aviator Charles Lindbergh completed the first non-stop continent-to-continent flight ever!
00:13:42He flew from New Jersey to Paris in 33 hours all by himself!
00:13:50Suddenly, Americans took an interest in aviation like never before.
00:13:55Passenger flight became all the rage, and a lot of companies invested into the aviation industry.
00:14:01The world just became smaller and smaller, as people could travel from continent to continent in just a few hours as opposed to months!
00:14:12Cool skies!
00:14:14Nowadays, aviation has created amazing opportunities around the world for even more technological advances!
00:14:22When did the first and longest unmanned aircraft flight take place, Willy Widget?
00:14:28Ah, yes! The record goes to the amazing Global Hawk, developed by NASA!
00:14:35In 2001, the Global Hawk was the first airplane to accomplish the longest point-to-point flight by an unmanned aircraft ever!
00:14:45Hey, Gumdrop! I think we just found out the answer to Commander Airhead's Who Flew Question!
00:14:52You're right, Vroomer! The record goes to the amazing Global Hawk, developed by NASA!
00:14:58Ha! Congratulations! On finding the answer to this mission's Who Flew Question, Wing Scouts!
00:15:05Commander Airhead will be proud of you! No pistons about it!
00:15:09Fantastic work, Winged Scouts! Your mission was a great success!
00:15:23You're well on your way to winning the prestigious Planes with Brains Award!
00:15:28WING WING! AWESOME!
00:15:32Say, were you able to find the answer to this mission's Who Flew Question?
00:15:39Yes, Commander Airhead! We sure did!
00:15:42The record goes to the amazing Global Hawk, developed by NASA!
00:15:46The first and longest unmanned aircraft flight was achieved by the Global Hawk in 2001!
00:15:52That's great! Good job, Winged Scouts!
00:15:57What's our next mission, Commander Airhead?
00:15:58Your next mission is going to be your most incredible yet! We want you to learn about How Planes Fly!
00:16:08How Planes Fly? Wow! Cool!
00:16:13For all the bumpy flights, can't wait to get started!
00:16:17Yay! Winged Scouts ready to fly, Commander Airhead!
00:16:21Winged Scouts!
00:16:23Winged Scouts!
00:16:25Hooray!
00:16:26Winged Scouts!
00:16:29Winged Scouts!
00:16:31Winged Scouts & Gumb Drop, Vroomer, as we know, there are no limits to what we can learn!
00:16:37Considering you two did so well last time, I have another adventure for you!
00:16:43Your mission, Gumb Drop & Vroomer, is to discover all about the most fascinating machine of all...
00:16:51Flames!
00:16:52Wings!
00:16:54Wings!
00:16:56Exactly!
00:16:58You will travel all over the world, across time, space and beyond.
00:17:04You must keep your little metal noses pointed ahead,
00:17:08your motors humming and your wings perked at all times.
00:17:12We depend on you to do the best job possible.
00:17:16Are you ready for your assignment?
00:17:18As ready as we'll ever be, Commander.
00:17:21We were born ready!
00:17:24Plane scouts, ready for our mission, Commander Airhead!
00:17:28This is sure to be a challenging mission, little ones.
00:17:33Is there any other kind?
00:17:35The more challenging, the better!
00:17:38Glad to hear it, because I'm sending you two on a mission to learn
00:17:43How do planes fly?
00:17:46How do planes fly? Cool!
00:17:50Can't wait!
00:17:52It's up to you to learn all about it and report back to me with what you've discovered.
00:17:58Depart to Discovery!
00:18:00Looking forward to navigating all those factoids!
00:18:04What can you tell us about how planes fly?
00:18:07What are the mechanics of flight, Commander Airhead?
00:18:10Well, a plane's engines are designed to move it forward at high speed.
00:18:17That makes air flow rapidly over the wings, throwing the air down toward the ground and generating an upward force called lift that overcomes the plane's weight and holds it in the sky.
00:18:32So it's the engines that move a plane forward while the wings move it upward.
00:18:38Wow! I can't wait to find out more!
00:18:41How do planes fly? Sounds absolutely amazing!
00:18:46As you know, Vroomer and Gumdrop, to be the best research planes you can be, you must find out and learn tons of amazing facts about airplanes!
00:18:58Yes, Commander Airhead!
00:19:00Vroom, vroom! We will!
00:19:04Excellent! You must also know there is a question that all the brightest flying minds all over the world's skies have not been able to answer about how planes fly!
00:19:18We need you two winged scouts to help us answer the who flew question about how planes fly!
00:19:26Who flew question? Love it! What is the question, Commander Airhead?
00:19:31What is the fastest passenger aircraft ever built? And what engine does it use?
00:19:39That's a great question, Commander Airhead!
00:19:42We'll land the answer in a spin of a propeller, I'm sure!
00:19:46I will assign you the best winged scout helper in the world! His name is Willy Widgett! He's a robotic encyclopedia of aircraft knowledge! He will assist you on your mission!
00:20:01Awesome Android!
00:20:03We always love flying with Willy Widgett!
00:20:06Be sure to ask a lot of questions, winged scouts! Willy knows it all!
00:20:12Yay! Winged scouts ready to fly, Commander Airhead!
00:20:16Winged scouts!
00:20:17Winged scouts!
00:20:18Winged scouts!
00:20:19Winged scouts!
00:20:22Winged scouts! Ready to get started on your next adventure?
00:20:56Wow!
00:21:26We need to travel back in time to 1903 to witness this first successful flight to ever take place.
00:21:34Let's go visit the designers of the mechanics of the early planes.
00:21:39Yeah!
00:21:40In Germany, German engineer Otto Lilienthal studied aerodynamics and worked to design
00:21:52a glider that would fly.
00:21:54He was the first person to design a glider that could fly a person and was able to fly
00:22:01long distances.
00:22:03Samuel Langley, an astronomer, realized that power was needed to fly.
00:22:09He built a model of a plane which he called an aerodrome, which included a steam-powered
00:22:16engine.
00:22:17In 1891, his model flew for three-fourths of a mile before running out of fuel.
00:22:23What's a glider, Willie Widget?
00:22:27A glider is a light aircraft that is designed to fly without using an engine.
00:22:33So, a glider performs the act of gliding through the air.
00:22:39Do you know that you two guys glide every time you fly?
00:22:43Incredible!
00:22:45Hit my plane brain with more cool factoids!
00:22:49In 1903, the Wright brothers designed the first airplane engine, which was a four-cycle
00:22:56engine called the Wright Flyer.
00:22:59Blasting engines!
00:23:00That's amazing!
00:23:02In the 1930s, Hungarian engineer Georgi Gendrassik designed the Gendrassik CA-1, the first functional
00:23:12turboprop engine.
00:23:14The engine was intended for the Hungarian twin-engine Varga RMI-1 reconnaissance bomber.
00:23:21Very interesting!
00:23:23What happened next, Willie?
00:23:25Excellent question, Gumdrop!
00:23:27In 1911, after the Wright brothers visited France, Alessandro Anzani, an Italian living
00:23:34in France, was inspired to start designing airplane engines.
00:23:39He designed a series of three-cylinder engines that produced anywhere from 10 to 50 horsepower,
00:23:46including the 25-horsepower engine that powered Luis Blario's XI airplane across the whole
00:23:54English Channel in 1909.
00:23:59Whoa!
00:24:00Fun factoid!
00:24:01So how did we go from these slow planes to the very fast airplanes we have today?
00:24:06That's a very good question, Vroomer!
00:24:09In the late 1920s in France, the Gnome Rhone Mistral Major, also known as the 14K, was a two-row
00:24:17radial engine that was, for a time, the most powerful engine ordered in large numbers on
00:24:24the planet.
00:24:25It gave an amazing output, surpassing the outputs of most other European engines.
00:24:32Woohoo!
00:24:34Hmm, what types of planes was the Gnome Rhone 14K engine used for, Willie Widget?
00:24:40The Gnome Rhone 14K engine was used in more than a dozen different airplane types, and
00:24:47was available in a large number of different variants on the continent and beyond.
00:24:53Whoa, Willie!
00:24:55Factoid cooler than rain clouds after a spring shower.
00:25:00What engine type was used to power the Apollo 11 spaceship, Willie?
00:25:05Excellent question, Vroomer!
00:25:06The Apollo 11 spaceship in 1969 completed the famous lunar mission, and was powered by the
00:25:14Rocketdyne F1, which was developed in the 1950s.
00:25:18What kind of engine was the Rocketdyne F1, Willie Widget?
00:25:22Very good question, Vroomer!
00:25:24I see you are paying attention!
00:25:26The Rocketdyne F1 was the most powerful liquid-few propulsion system ever built, and put out 1.5
00:25:36million pounds of thrust.
00:25:38Five F1s were used for each Saturn V rocket launch, with each engine burning more than 400
00:25:47gallons of liquid oxygen per second, approximately 5,000 times the amount of a high-powered jet
00:25:55engine used on commercial airliners today.
00:25:58What does it take to make an airplane go 7,000 miles per hour?
00:26:02According to NASA's X-43 in 2004, the answer is supersonic combustion ramjet, or scramjet,
00:26:13technology which allows ultra-high-speed aircraft traveling faster than Mach 4 to get their oxygen
00:26:20straight from the atmosphere, as opposed to relying on an onboard supply of heavy oxidizer
00:26:27or a traditional turbine engine, making them faster.
00:26:31Whoa!
00:26:32How fast can they go?
00:26:34According to research, the scramjet technology could someday help aircrafts to travel as much
00:26:41as 15 times the speed of sound, turning a normal 18-hour flight from New York City to Tokyo into
00:26:49a two-hour journey.
00:26:51Whoa!
00:26:52Tooting turbines!
00:26:55That's incredible!
00:26:57Over the years, many new airplanes and engines have been developed to help transport people,
00:27:04luggage, cargo, military personnel, and weapons from one place to another in record time.
00:27:11But it is great to note that all this is only possible and based on the first engines built
00:27:19by the Wright brothers from Ohio.
00:27:21The mechanics of flight have improved over the years.
00:27:31The AN-225 holds the title of the biggest commercially used freighter in the world.
00:27:39Powered by six turbofan engines, it is the biggest heavier-than-air aircraft in terms of length
00:27:47and wingspan in operational service.
00:27:50It is able to carry up to 250 tons of cargo, which is the same as the average weight of
00:27:5952 mature elephants.
00:28:02That's some heavy plane!
00:28:04Cool skies!
00:28:07Nowadays, people can get from one end of the world to the other in the shortest of times
00:28:12due to the improvements of airplane engines.
00:28:15What is the fastest passenger aircraft ever built and what engine does it use, Willie?
00:28:20The supersonic Tupolev TU-144, produced by Tupolev OKB between 1968 and 1984, is the fastest
00:28:32passenger plane ever built.
00:28:35The plane was powered by four Colosov RD-3651 turbojet engines, with a maximum speed of 1,510
00:28:45miles per hour!
00:28:46Hey!
00:28:47Gumdrop!
00:28:48I think we just found the answer to Commander Airhead's Who Flew question!
00:28:50You're right, Vroomer!
00:28:52The record goes to the supersonic Tupolev TU-144, built by Tupolev OKB!
00:29:02Congratulations on finding the answer to this mission's Who Flew question, Winged Scouts!
00:29:11Commander Airhead will be proud of you!
00:29:13No pistons about it!
00:29:22Fantastic work, Winged Scouts!
00:29:26Your mission was a great success!
00:29:28You two are a super turbo team!
00:29:31Ahem!
00:29:32Ahem!
00:29:33Ahem!
00:29:34Ahem!
00:29:35Ahem!
00:29:36Ahem!
00:29:37Ahem!
00:29:38Ahem!
00:29:39Ahem!
00:29:40Ahem!
00:29:41Ahem!
00:29:42Ahem!
00:29:43Say, were you able to find the answer to this mission's Who Flew question?
00:29:44Yes, Commander Airhead, we sure did!
00:29:46The record goes to the supersonic Tupolev TU-144, built by Tupolev OKB!
00:29:54The fastest passenger plane was powered by four Colsov RD-3651 turbojet engines
00:30:01with a maximum speed of 1,510 miles per hour.
00:30:08That's great. Great job, Wing Scouts.
00:30:12What's our next mission, Commander Airhead?
00:30:15Your next mission is going to be your most incredible yet.
00:30:19We want you two to learn about fighter planes.
00:30:24Fighter planes. Wow, cool.
00:30:29For all the bumpy flights, can't wait to get started.
00:30:33Yay, Wing Scouts ready to fly, Commander Airhead.
00:30:37Wing Scouts.
00:30:39Vroom, vroom.
00:30:41Hooray.
00:30:44Fighter plane fun. This is going to be a blast.
00:30:47My wings are all aflutter.
00:30:51That's why I like you, Wing Scouts.
00:30:53You're always up for the challenge.
00:30:57Gumdrop, Vroomer, you are two of the best answer finders in our fleet.
00:31:03And today, I have another research task for you guys.
00:31:08Your mission, Gumdrop and Vroomer,
00:31:10is to discover all about the most fascinating machine of all time.
00:31:17Planes! Planes!
00:31:21Planes!
00:31:22Exactly!
00:31:24Ha ha!
00:31:25You will travel all over the world.
00:31:28Across time, across space, and beyond.
00:31:33You must keep your little metal noses pointed ahead,
00:31:36your motors humming, and your wings perked at all times.
00:31:41We depend on you to do the best job possible.
00:31:45Are you ready for your assignment?
00:31:48I'm loopity loopy to get started.
00:31:51We'll vroom to the answers, Commander.
00:31:54Let's fly.
00:31:55This is sure to be a challenging mission, little ones.
00:32:00Clear skies and high mountaintops.
00:32:03I love challenging missions.
00:32:05Golden Dawn Horizons!
00:32:07Me too!
00:32:09I'm sending you two on a mission to learn about...
00:32:13fighter planes!
00:32:15Fighter planes?
00:32:17How cool!
00:32:19Can't wait!
00:32:20It's up to you to learn all about them,
00:32:23and report back to me with what you've discovered.
00:32:27Flapping fun wings!
00:32:29This is going to be an incredible adventure!
00:32:32What can you tell us about fighter planes, Commander Airhead?
00:32:35Well, the fighter planes are built mainly for air-to-air combat against other aircraft,
00:32:43which is contrasting to bombers and attack planes,
00:32:47whose main mission is to attack ground targets.
00:32:51The advantages of a fighter are its speed, maneuverability,
00:32:57and small size relative to other combat aircraft.
00:33:01The first fighter plane was built as far back as during World War I.
00:33:08Wow!
00:33:09I can't wait to find out more!
00:33:12Fighter planes!
00:33:13Sounds absolutely amazing!
00:33:16As you know, Vroomer and Gumdrop,
00:33:19to overturn every stone you can,
00:33:22you must find out and learn tons of amazing facts about airplanes!
00:33:28Yes, Commander Airhead!
00:33:31Vroom, vroom, weeeeee will!
00:33:35Excellent!
00:33:36You must also know there is a question
00:33:39that all the brightest flying minds all over the world's skies
00:33:45have not been able to answer about fighter planes.
00:33:50We need you two winged scouts
00:33:52to help us answer the Who Flew question about fighter planes!
00:33:57Who Flew question?
00:33:59Love it!
00:34:00What is the question, Commander Airhead?
00:34:03Who flew the first fighter plane?
00:34:06And when?
00:34:08That's a great question, Commander Airhead!
00:34:11We'll land the answer in a spin of a propeller, I'm sure!
00:34:15I will assign you the best winged scout helper in the world.
00:34:20His name is Willie Widgett.
00:34:21He's a robotic encyclopedia of aircraft knowledge,
00:34:27and he will assist you on your mission.
00:34:30Bring on Willie!
00:34:33We want Willie Widgett!
00:34:35Be sure to ask a lot of questions, winged scouts!
00:34:40No facts get by Willie, no matter how small!
00:34:44Yay!
00:34:46Winged scouts ready to fly, Commander Airhead!
00:34:49Winged scouts!
00:34:51Ring ring!
00:34:53Hooray!
00:34:55Ha ha ha ha!
00:35:07Winged scouts!
00:35:09Ready to get started on your next adventure?
00:35:11Yes, super ready!
00:35:13Totally ready!
00:35:15Remember, winged scouts,
00:35:16any and all questions you have,
00:35:19I'm here to answer them.
00:35:21Where do we begin?
00:35:23Many years ago,
00:35:25fighter planes were described as two-seater aircrafts
00:35:28with sufficient lift to carry the pilot,
00:35:30a machine gun, and its operator.
00:35:32Many countries, especially the British,
00:35:35tried early on to build gun-mounted airplanes,
00:35:37but faced a series of drawbacks,
00:35:40such as speed and where to mount the machine gun.
00:35:44One of the earliest built was the Vickers FB-5 gun bus,
00:35:49by the British in 1914,
00:35:51but it was considered ineffective
00:35:53due to a lot of drawbacks,
00:35:55and subsequently abandoned.
00:35:57It wasn't until March 1915
00:35:59that the French aviator, Roland Garros,
00:36:03flew a modified monoplane
00:36:06that successfully downed the first aircraft in history.
00:36:10Whoa!
00:36:12To follow the advancement of the fighter plane throughout history,
00:36:16we have to travel back in time
00:36:19and visit some of the greatest minds
00:36:22who started the early revolution of fighter planes.
00:36:25During World War I,
00:36:33many countries like Britain, France, and Germany
00:36:36all contributed to the early efforts
00:36:39to build the first fighter planes.
00:36:41Some used monoplanes,
00:36:44others biplanes.
00:36:46What's the difference between a monoplane
00:36:48and a biplane, Willie?
00:36:51Ah, a monoplane has one main supporting surface,
00:36:55or a single wing on either side of the body,
00:36:59while a biplane has two sets of two supporting wings.
00:37:04The body of the machine is between the two places.
00:37:08Incredible!
00:37:10Hit my plane brain with more cool factoids, really, Widget?
00:37:13In Germany in 1913,
00:37:15a Swiss engineer, Franz Schneider,
00:37:18patented a device with a forward-firing gun
00:37:22whose bullets passed through the propeller arc
00:37:25and could time the firing of the individual rounds
00:37:28to avoid hitting the propeller blades.
00:37:31But his original work was not followed up.
00:37:34Blasting engines?
00:37:36Tell me more!
00:37:38French aircraft designer,
00:37:39Raymond Salnier,
00:37:41patented a practical device in April 1914.
00:37:45But trials were unsuccessful
00:37:48because the machine gun design
00:37:50repeatedly jammed during firing
00:37:53because of defective ammunition.
00:37:55Very interesting!
00:37:58What happened next, Willie?
00:38:00In December 1914,
00:38:02Roland Garros, a French pilot,
00:38:05asked Salnier to mount his synchronization gear
00:38:08on his Moraine Salnier Type L aircraft.
00:38:12Unfortunately, the gas-operated Hotchkiss machine gun
00:38:16he was given had an erratic firing rate
00:38:19and it was difficult to synchronize
00:38:21with a spinning propeller.
00:38:23Wow! Fun factoid!
00:38:25So how was he able to solve the problem?
00:38:28Ah, that's a very good question, Vroomer.
00:38:31In 1915, Roland Garros modified
00:38:35his monoplane propeller blades
00:38:37with armor fitted with metal wedges
00:38:39to protect the pilot from ricochets.
00:38:42and he began combat operations soon thereafter.
00:38:46Garros scored three victories in three weeks
00:38:50before he himself was downed on the 18th of April.
00:38:54And his airplane,
00:38:55along with its synchronization gear and propeller,
00:38:58was captured by the Germans.
00:39:01Oh, no!
00:39:01So, was that how the Germans got the secret
00:39:05to fighter planes, Willie Widget?
00:39:06The Germans forced a Dutch aircraft manufacturer,
00:39:11Anthony Fokker,
00:39:12whose factory was nearby
00:39:14to inspect the fighter plane
00:39:16and replicate the design.
00:39:18Fokker and his engineers did as they were told
00:39:21and built the first machine gun fighter planes
00:39:25for the Germans.
00:39:26Whoa, Willie Widget!
00:39:28Factoid cooler than rain clouds
00:39:30after a spring shower!
00:39:32Did the German fighter planes work
00:39:34as well as the French fighter planes, Willie Widget?
00:39:37Excellent question, Vroomer.
00:39:39Anthony Fokker and his engineers
00:39:41came up with a better design.
00:39:44They built a machine gun
00:39:45whose rate of fire was controlled
00:39:48by the turning of the propeller.
00:39:51This synchronization assured
00:39:53that the bullets would pass harmlessly
00:39:55through the empty space
00:39:57between the propeller blades.
00:39:59So, was Roland Garros the only pilot
00:40:03to shoot down planes
00:40:04during World War I, Willie Widget?
00:40:06Very good question, Vroomer.
00:40:07I see you are all ears.
00:40:10The first victory for the Germans
00:40:12came on the 1st of July,
00:40:141915, when Lieutenant Kurt Winkens,
00:40:18flying the Fokker-Eindecher monoplane
00:40:20with the Fieldflieger Abdelon 6 unit
00:40:23on the western front,
00:40:24forced down a Moraine-Sauniere-type
00:40:27L two-seat parasol monoplane
00:40:30just east of Luneville.
00:40:32He was the second pilot
00:40:34to shoot down a plane.
00:40:36What happened after that, Willie Widget?
00:40:38The success of the Eindecher
00:40:40gave rise to a competitive cycle
00:40:42of improvement among combatants.
00:40:45Both sides tried to build
00:40:47even more capable single-seat fighters.
00:40:50The Albatross D-1
00:40:52and Sopwith Pup of 1916
00:40:56set the classic pattern
00:40:58followed by fighters
00:40:59for about 20 years.
00:41:01Most of the fighter planes
00:41:02were biplanes
00:41:03and only rarely monoplanes
00:41:06or triplanes.
00:41:08Whoa, so the fighters
00:41:10are as good as their fighter planes?
00:41:12Yes, to an extent.
00:41:14As collective combat experience grew,
00:41:17the more successful pilots
00:41:19like Oswald Belke,
00:41:21Max Immelman,
00:41:22and Edward Mannock
00:41:23devised tactical formations
00:41:26and maneuvers
00:41:27to improve
00:41:28their air unit's
00:41:29combat success.
00:41:31Whoa!
00:41:32Two hooting turbines!
00:41:34That's amazing!
00:41:36With time,
00:41:37aircraft engines
00:41:38increased several fold
00:41:40in power,
00:41:41going from a common
00:41:42180 horsepower
00:41:44in the 1908 Fokker D-7
00:41:46to the 900 horsepower
00:41:49in the 1938
00:41:50Curtis P-36.
00:41:53Woo-hoo!
00:41:56Good golly!
00:41:58World War II
00:41:59featured fighter combat
00:42:00on a larger scale
00:42:02than any other conflict
00:42:04to date,
00:42:05and fighter plane designs
00:42:07varied extensively
00:42:08among nations.
00:42:09Examples include
00:42:10the Italian Maki MC-200
00:42:13and Fiat G-50
00:42:14and the Japanese
00:42:16Nakajima KI-27
00:42:18and Nakajima KI-43.
00:42:21Cool skies!
00:42:23Fighter technology
00:42:24quickly advanced
00:42:25during World War II.
00:42:27Piston engines,
00:42:28which powered most
00:42:29of the World War II fighters,
00:42:30became more powerful.
00:42:33At the start,
00:42:34warplanes usually had
00:42:35engines powered
00:42:35by 1,000 horsepower
00:42:37and 1,400 horsepower engines,
00:42:40but by the end
00:42:41of the war,
00:42:42many could produce
00:42:43over 2,000 horsepower.
00:42:46For instance,
00:42:47the Spitfire,
00:42:48which was in production
00:42:49all throughout the war,
00:42:51was in 1939
00:42:53powered by a 1,030 horsepower
00:42:56Merlin II,
00:42:58while variants
00:42:58produced in 1945
00:43:00produced 2,035 horsepower,
00:43:04powered by Griffin 61 engines.
00:43:06Who flew the first fighter plane
00:43:08and when?
00:43:09The first fighter plane
00:43:11was developed
00:43:12by a French pilot,
00:43:13Roland Garros,
00:43:14in 1915,
00:43:16who flew an airplane
00:43:17armed with a machine gun
00:43:18that fired through
00:43:19its propeller
00:43:20during World War I.
00:43:23Garros became
00:43:23a national hero
00:43:25and had a total
00:43:26of five enemy kills
00:43:28in the air.
00:43:29Hey, Gumdrop,
00:43:30I think we just found out
00:43:31the answer to
00:43:31Commander Airhead's
00:43:32Who Flew?
00:43:33Question!
00:43:34You're right, Rumor!
00:43:35The record goes to
00:43:36French pilot
00:43:37Roland Garros.
00:43:39Ha!
00:43:39Congratulations
00:43:40on finding the answer
00:43:42to this mission's
00:43:43Who Flew?
00:43:43Question,
00:43:44Winged Scouts!
00:43:45Commander Airhead
00:43:46will be proud of you!
00:43:48No pistons about it!
00:43:54Fantastic work,
00:43:56Winged Scouts!
00:43:57Your mission
00:43:58was a great success!
00:44:01You're well
00:44:02on your way
00:44:03to plane lightenment!
00:44:05Ha-ha!
00:44:06Woo-woo!
00:44:08Woo-woo!
00:44:08Woo-woo!
00:44:08Woo-woo!
00:44:09Awesome!
00:44:10Say,
00:44:11were you able
00:44:12to find
00:44:13the answer
00:44:14to this mission's
00:44:15Who Flew?
00:44:16Question?
00:44:17Yes,
00:44:17Commander Airhead,
00:44:18we sure did!
00:44:20The record goes
00:44:20to French pilot
00:44:21Roland Garros!
00:44:23The first fighter plane
00:44:24was developed
00:44:25by a French pilot,
00:44:26Roland Garros,
00:44:27in 1915,
00:44:29during World War I.
00:44:30Ha!
00:44:31That's great!
00:44:32Good job,
00:44:33Winged Scouts!
00:44:35What's our next mission,
00:44:36Commander Airhead?
00:44:37Your next mission
00:44:38is going to be
00:44:39your most incredible yet!
00:44:42We want you to learn
00:44:44about
00:44:44supersonic jets
00:44:46and the sound barrier!
00:44:49Supersonic jets
00:44:51and the sound barrier?
00:44:52Wow!
00:44:53Cool!
00:44:54For all the bumpy flights,
00:44:56can't wait
00:44:57to get started!
00:44:58Yay!
00:45:00Winged Scouts
00:45:00ready to fly,
00:45:02Commander Airhead!
00:45:03Winged Scouts!
00:45:05Vroom, vroom!
00:45:07Hooray!
00:45:09I can't wait
00:45:10till next time!
00:45:12I'm supersonic serious!
00:45:14My wings
00:45:15are all aflutter!
00:45:16You two little planes
00:45:18are rapidly soaring
00:45:20to the very pinnacle
00:45:21of our knowledge!
00:45:23And today,
00:45:23we have another chance
00:45:25to expand
00:45:26those revving brains!
00:45:28Your mission,
00:45:29Gumdrop and Vroomer,
00:45:30is to discover
00:45:31all about
00:45:33the most fascinating
00:45:35machine of all!
00:45:38Planes!
00:45:40Planes!
00:45:40Exactly!
00:45:43You will travel
00:45:44all over the world,
00:45:47across time,
00:45:48space,
00:45:49and beyond!
00:45:50You must keep
00:45:51your little metal noses
00:45:52pointed ahead,
00:45:53your motors humming,
00:45:55and your wings
00:45:56perk at all times!
00:45:59We depend on you
00:46:01to do the best job possible!
00:46:04Are you ready
00:46:04for your assignment?
00:46:05My brain's frontal lobe
00:46:07is spinning like a propeller!
00:46:08Your brain's frontal lobe
00:46:11is a propeller!
00:46:12Plane scouts ready
00:46:13for our mission,
00:46:14Commander Airhead!
00:46:15This is sure to be
00:46:17a challenging mission,
00:46:18little ones!
00:46:19Bring it on!
00:46:21No cloud is too dark
00:46:22for us to find
00:46:23the sunshine!
00:46:24Or the answers!
00:46:26I'm sending you two
00:46:27on a mission
00:46:28to learn about
00:46:29supersonic jets
00:46:32and the sound barrier!
00:46:35Supersonic jets
00:46:36and the sound barrier?
00:46:37No way!
00:46:39Totally awesome!
00:46:41Can't wait!
00:46:42It's up to you
00:46:43to learn all about it
00:46:45and report back to me
00:46:47with what you've discovered!
00:46:49Turbo takeoffs
00:46:50will do it!
00:46:51This is going to be
00:46:52an incredible adventure!
00:46:54What can you tell us
00:46:55about the supersonic jets
00:46:56and the sound barrier,
00:46:57Commander Airhead?
00:46:58Supersonic jets
00:47:00are planes
00:47:01that can fly
00:47:02by up to five times
00:47:04the speed of sound!
00:47:06760 miles per hour
00:47:08is the speed of sound!
00:47:11It's also called
00:47:12Mach 1!
00:47:13Planes in this regime
00:47:15have specially designed
00:47:17high-performance engines
00:47:18that can break
00:47:19the sound barrier!
00:47:21They are also designed
00:47:22with lightweight materials
00:47:24to provide less drag!
00:47:27Wow!
00:47:27I can't wait
00:47:28to find out more!
00:47:30Supersonic jets
00:47:31and the sound barrier
00:47:32sounds absolutely amazing!
00:47:35As you know,
00:47:37Vroomer and Gumdrop,
00:47:38as part of the mission,
00:47:39you must find out
00:47:40and learn
00:47:41tons of amazing facts
00:47:43about airplanes!
00:47:45Yes,
00:47:45Commander Airhead!
00:47:47Vroom, vroom!
00:47:48We will!
00:47:50Excellent!
00:47:50You must also know
00:47:53that there is a question
00:47:54that all the brightest
00:47:55flying minds
00:47:56all over the world's skies
00:47:59have not been able
00:48:01to answer
00:48:01about supersonic jets
00:48:04and the sound barrier!
00:48:06We need you two
00:48:07winged scouts
00:48:08to help us answer
00:48:09the Who Flew question
00:48:11about supersonic jets
00:48:13and the sound barrier!
00:48:15Who Flew question?
00:48:17Love it!
00:48:18What is the question,
00:48:19Commander Airhead?
00:48:20What is the first jet
00:48:22and who is the first person
00:48:24to break the speed of sound?
00:48:27That's a great question,
00:48:28Commander Airhead!
00:48:29We'll land the answer
00:48:31in a spin of a propeller,
00:48:32I'm sure!
00:48:34I will assign you
00:48:35the best winged scout helper
00:48:37in the world!
00:48:38His name is Willie Widget!
00:48:40He's a robotic encyclopedia
00:48:42of aircraft knowledge!
00:48:44He will assist you
00:48:45on your mission!
00:48:47Bring on our third brain!
00:48:49Let's have our Willie Widget!
00:48:52Be sure to ask
00:48:53a lot of questions,
00:48:54winged scouts!
00:48:55You know,
00:48:56nothing's too hard
00:48:58for Willie!
00:48:59Yay!
00:49:00Winged scouts
00:49:01ready to fly,
00:49:02Commander Airhead!
00:49:03Winged scouts!
00:49:05Vroom!
00:49:05Vroom!
00:49:07Hooray!
00:49:08Winged scouts!
00:49:24Ready to get started
00:49:25on your next adventure?
00:49:27Yes!
00:49:28Super ready!
00:49:29Totally ready!
00:49:30Remember,
00:49:31winged scouts,
00:49:32any and all questions
00:49:34you may have,
00:49:35I'm here to answer them.
00:49:36Where do we begin?
00:49:39In the 1960s and 70s,
00:49:41many design studies
00:49:42for supersonic airliners
00:49:44were done,
00:49:44and eventually,
00:49:45two types entered service,
00:49:47the Anglo-French Concorde
00:49:49and the Russian Tupelov Tu-144.
00:49:53However,
00:49:53climactic and political
00:49:55and economic impediments
00:49:57and one fatal Concorde crash
00:50:00prevented them
00:50:00from being used
00:50:01to their full commercial potential,
00:50:04and these aircraft
00:50:05are no longer flying.
00:50:07The majority of supersonic jets
00:50:09are military
00:50:10or experimental planes.
00:50:13Whoa!
00:50:15The sound barrier,
00:50:16also called a sonic barrier,
00:50:19is a popular term
00:50:20that refers to
00:50:21the sudden increase
00:50:22in aerodynamic drag
00:50:24and other effects
00:50:25experienced by a jet
00:50:27or other object
00:50:28when it approaches
00:50:29supersonic speed.
00:50:30The sound barrier
00:50:32is reached
00:50:32when an object moves
00:50:34at a speed of
00:50:35343 meters per second.
00:50:39Yeah!
00:50:39The Germans,
00:50:45French,
00:50:46British,
00:50:46and other fighter pilots
00:50:48who fought during World War II
00:50:50were the first
00:50:51to experience
00:50:51the sound barrier
00:50:52when a number of aircraft
00:50:54started to encounter
00:50:55the effects
00:50:56of compressibility,
00:50:57a number of unrelated
00:50:58aerodynamic effects
00:51:00that struck their aircraft,
00:51:02thereby blocking
00:51:03further acceleration.
00:51:04By the 1950s,
00:51:06new aircraft designs
00:51:07regularly broke
00:51:09the sound barrier.
00:51:10What are early claims
00:51:12of the sound barrier like?
00:51:14In 1942,
00:51:15in one of the earliest claims,
00:51:17the Republic Aviation
00:51:19issued a press release
00:51:20stating that
00:51:21Lieutenants Harold E. Comstock
00:51:23and Roger Dyer
00:51:25had exceeded the speed of sound
00:51:27during test dives
00:51:28in the P-47 Thunderbolt.
00:51:31It is widely agreed
00:51:32that this was due to
00:51:34inaccurate ASI readings.
00:51:36For in similar tests,
00:51:39the North American
00:51:40P-51 Mustang,
00:51:42a higher performance aircraft,
00:51:43demonstrated limits
00:51:45at Mach 0.85
00:51:47with some high speeds
00:51:48causing the aircraft
00:51:49to be damaged
00:51:50by vibration.
00:51:52Incredible!
00:51:53Hit my plane brain
00:51:54with more cool factoids,
00:51:56Willie!
00:51:56On the 1st of March, 1945,
00:51:59the Luftwaffe test pilot,
00:52:01Lothar Sieber,
00:52:03may have accidentally
00:52:04become the first man
00:52:05to break the sound barrier.
00:52:07This occurred
00:52:07while he was piloting
00:52:09a Bachem-Bach 349 Nader
00:52:12for the first manned
00:52:13vertical takeoff
00:52:14of a rocket in history.
00:52:16In 55 seconds,
00:52:18he traveled a total
00:52:19of 14 kilometers
00:52:20or 8.7 miles.
00:52:23Unfortunately,
00:52:23the aircraft crashed
00:52:25and he didn't survive.
00:52:27But the precedent
00:52:28was set!
00:52:29Oh, wow!
00:52:31In 1942,
00:52:34the United Kingdom's
00:52:35Ministry of Aviation
00:52:36began a top-secret project
00:52:38with Miles Aircraft
00:52:40to develop
00:52:40the world's first aircraft
00:52:42capable of breaking
00:52:44the sound barrier.
00:52:45The prototype Miles M-52
00:52:47turbojet-powered aircraft
00:52:49was designed
00:52:50to reach 1,000 miles per hour
00:52:53over twice
00:52:54the existing speed record
00:52:56in level flight
00:52:57and to climb
00:52:59to an altitude
00:53:00of 36,000 feet
00:53:02in 1 minute
00:53:03and 30 seconds.
00:53:05But the project
00:53:06was eventually canceled.
00:53:09Very interesting!
00:53:11Turbo-tricky!
00:53:13Are there any other
00:53:14important figures
00:53:15in supersonic jet flying, Willie?
00:53:17History is littered
00:53:18with important pilots, engineers,
00:53:21mechanics, designers,
00:53:22and generals
00:53:23who all helped
00:53:24forward the cause
00:53:26and the mission
00:53:27of supersonic flight.
00:53:29Perhaps none
00:53:30as well-known
00:53:31as former Air Force General
00:53:32and world-famous
00:53:33test pilot
00:53:34Chuck Yeager.
00:53:36Whoa!
00:53:37Chuck Yeager?
00:53:38Chuck Yeager
00:53:39sounds like
00:53:39one heck of a pilot!
00:53:41Was he?
00:53:41Very good question, Vroomer!
00:53:44He sure was!
00:53:45From his humble beginnings
00:53:47as a private in World War II,
00:53:49Chuck Yeager went on
00:53:50to be a test pilot
00:53:51for many different types
00:53:53of aircraft,
00:53:54including experimental
00:53:56rocket-powered aircraft.
00:53:58All told,
00:53:59Mr. Yeager's flying career
00:54:01spanned over 60 amazing years!
00:54:05Jeez, makes me proud
00:54:07to be a plane!
00:54:08Did Chuck Yeager
00:54:10ever crash a plane?
00:54:11Yes, he did!
00:54:13Chuck Yeager lost control
00:54:14of a plane called
00:54:15the Bell X-1A
00:54:17due to the barely
00:54:18understood phenomenon
00:54:20of inertia coupling.
00:54:22The X-1A dropped
00:54:23from maximum altitude
00:54:24to 25,000 feet,
00:54:27during which
00:54:27Yeager broke the canopy
00:54:29with his helmet
00:54:29before regaining control,
00:54:32only due to his
00:54:33super-strong skills
00:54:34as an aviator.
00:54:36Whoa!
00:54:37What is inertia coupling?
00:54:40Inertia coupling
00:54:41is common
00:54:42with single-engine
00:54:43jet fighter aircraft
00:54:44and occurs
00:54:45when an aircraft
00:54:46is quickly put
00:54:48into a roll,
00:54:49resulting in violent pitching
00:54:51and yawing
00:54:52and loss of control
00:54:53as the aircraft
00:54:54rotates on all three axes.
00:54:57Whoa!
00:54:59Tooting turbines!
00:55:00That's incredible!
00:55:02Inertia coupling
00:55:03nearly killed
00:55:03Chuck Yeager
00:55:04in the X-1A
00:55:05in 1953,
00:55:06and it did kill
00:55:08pilot Captain Mel Apt
00:55:09in his first flight
00:55:11in the rocket-powered
00:55:12Bell X-2
00:55:13on September 27, 1956.
00:55:17Inertia coupling
00:55:18craziness!
00:55:20Wow!
00:55:21This flying business
00:55:22sure can be dangerous!
00:55:24For aircraft speeds
00:55:25which are greater
00:55:26than the speed of sound,
00:55:28the aircraft
00:55:28is said to be
00:55:29supersonic.
00:55:32Typical speeds
00:55:32for supersonic aircraft
00:55:34are greater
00:55:35than 750 miles per hour,
00:55:38but less than
00:55:391,500 miles per hour,
00:55:41and the Mach number
00:55:43M
00:55:43is greater than 1,
00:55:46as in Mach 1,
00:55:48Mach 2,
00:55:49or Mach 3.
00:55:50Cool skies!
00:55:52Subsequent experimental
00:55:54supersonic jets
00:55:55were built
00:55:56after the Bell X-1A
00:55:58proved that humans
00:56:00could fly supersonically.
00:56:02The aerodynamics
00:56:03of these early aircraft
00:56:04is used on modern
00:56:06supersonic fighter aircraft.
00:56:08There have been
00:56:09several efforts
00:56:10to develop
00:56:11cost-effective
00:56:12supersonic airliners.
00:56:14The Russian Tu-144
00:56:16and the Anglo-French
00:56:17Concorde
00:56:18went into service
00:56:19in the early 1970s,
00:56:22but were financial failures.
00:56:24What is the first jet
00:56:25and who is the first person
00:56:27to break the speed of sound?
00:56:28The Bell X-1
00:56:30on 14 October 1947
00:56:33became the first aircraft
00:56:35to break the speed of sound.
00:56:38It was piloted
00:56:39by none other
00:56:40than Air Force Captain
00:56:42Chuck Yeager,
00:56:43who also became
00:56:44the very first pilot
00:56:46to break the speed of sound.
00:56:48Hey, Gumdrop!
00:56:49I think we just found out
00:56:50the answer
00:56:50to Commander Airhead's
00:56:52who flew question!
00:56:54You're right, Vroomer.
00:56:55The Bell X-1
00:56:56holds the record
00:56:57for first jet
00:56:58to break the speed of sound,
00:56:59and Captain Chuck Yeager
00:57:01was its pilot.
00:57:03Congratulations
00:57:03on finding the answer
00:57:06to this mission's
00:57:07who flew question,
00:57:08winged scouts!
00:57:09Commander Airhead
00:57:11will be proud of you.
00:57:13No engines about it.
00:57:21Fantastic work,
00:57:23winged scouts!
00:57:25Your mission
00:57:25was a great success!
00:57:27Yes!
00:57:28You're well on your way
00:57:30to becoming
00:57:30our most heightened
00:57:32and enlightened planes!
00:57:35Vroom, Vroom!
00:57:36Vroom, Vroom!
00:57:37Awesome!
00:57:40Say, were you, uh,
00:57:42were you able to find
00:57:44the answer
00:57:45to this mission's
00:57:46who flew question?
00:57:48Yes, Commander Airhead,
00:57:49we sure did!
00:57:50The Bell X-1
00:57:51holds the record
00:57:52for first jet
00:57:53to break the speed of sound!
00:57:54Yes, on the 14th
00:57:56of October, 1947,
00:57:58the Bell X-1
00:57:59became the first aircraft
00:58:01to break the speed of sound.
00:58:03It was piloted
00:58:04by Air Force Captain
00:58:05Chuck Yeager,
00:58:06who also became
00:58:07the very first pilot
00:58:09to break the speed of sound!
00:58:11That's great!
00:58:13Good job, winged scouts!
00:58:15What's our next mission,
00:58:17Commander Airhead?
00:58:18Your next mission
00:58:20is going to be
00:58:20your most incredible yet!
00:58:22We want you
00:58:24to learn about
00:58:26modern jets!
00:58:27Modern jets?
00:58:29Super cool!
00:58:32For all the bumpy flights,
00:58:34I can't wait!
00:58:36Yay!
00:58:37Winged scouts ready
00:58:38to fly,
00:58:39Commander Airhead!
00:58:40Winged scouts?
00:58:41Vroom, Vroom!
00:58:44Hooray!
00:58:46I can't wait
00:58:48to get started!
00:58:49Me neither,
00:58:50this is going to be fun!
00:58:52Gumdrop, Vroomer,
00:58:53I can't begin to tell you
00:58:55how much
00:58:57your dedication
00:58:58to learning
00:58:59impresses us all!
00:59:01With that in mind,
00:59:02today will be
00:59:03one of your biggest tests!
00:59:06Your mission,
00:59:07Gumdrop and Vroomer,
00:59:08is to discover
00:59:09all about
00:59:10the most fascinating
00:59:12machine of all!
00:59:15Planes!
00:59:16Planes!
00:59:18Exactly!
00:59:19You will travel
00:59:22all over the world,
00:59:24across time,
00:59:26and space,
00:59:27and beyond!
00:59:28You must keep
00:59:29your little metal noses
00:59:30pointed ahead,
00:59:32your motors humming,
00:59:33and your wings
00:59:34hurt at all times!
00:59:37We depend on you
00:59:38to do the best job possible!
00:59:42Are you ready
00:59:42for your assignment?
00:59:44Mach 5 knowledge?
00:59:46Let's get it!
00:59:47Plane Scout's ready
00:59:48for our mission,
00:59:49Commander Airhead!
00:59:50This is sure
00:59:52to be a challenging
00:59:53mission,
00:59:54little ones!
00:59:55Ooh, tell me more!
00:59:56I love challenging missions!
00:59:58Sound barrier
00:59:59brain blast!
01:00:00Me too!
01:00:01I'm sending you two
01:00:03on a mission
01:00:04to learn about
01:00:05modern jets!
01:00:07Modern jets?
01:00:09How cool!
01:00:11Can't wait!
01:00:12It's up to you
01:00:13to learn all about it,
01:00:15and report back to me
01:00:16with what you have discovered.
01:00:19Flapping fun wings!
01:00:21This is going to be
01:00:22an incredible adventure!
01:00:24What can you tell us
01:00:25about the modern jets,
01:00:26Commander Airhead?
01:00:27Well, the first jets
01:00:29were built
01:00:30over a thousand years ago,
01:00:33and over that time,
01:00:34during times of war
01:00:36and in between,
01:00:37there has been
01:00:38tremendous breakthrough
01:00:40in the manufacturing
01:00:41of both commercial
01:00:42and fighter jets.
01:00:44Numerous tests
01:00:45and modifications
01:00:46have led to what we know
01:00:48as modern jets today.
01:00:51Wow!
01:00:52I can't wait
01:00:53to find out more!
01:00:54Modern jets
01:00:55sounds absolutely amazing!
01:00:58As you know,
01:00:59Vroomer and Gumdrop,
01:01:01to be all you can be,
01:01:03you must find out
01:01:04and learn tons
01:01:05of amazing facts
01:01:07about airplanes!
01:01:09Yes, Commander Airhead!
01:01:11Vroom! Vroom!
01:01:13We will!
01:01:15Excellent!
01:01:17You must also know
01:01:18there is a question
01:01:20that all the brightest
01:01:21flying minds
01:01:22all over the world's skies
01:01:25have not been able
01:01:27to answer
01:01:27about modern jets!
01:01:30We need you two
01:01:31winged scouts
01:01:32to help us answer
01:01:33the who flew question
01:01:35about modern jets!
01:01:37Who flew question?
01:01:38Love it!
01:01:40What is the question,
01:01:41Commander Airhead?
01:01:42What is the fastest
01:01:44modern jet,
01:01:45and what is
01:01:46its maximum speed?
01:01:48That's a great question,
01:01:50Commander Airhead!
01:01:51We'll land the answer
01:01:53in a spin of a propeller,
01:01:54I'm sure!
01:01:55I will assign you
01:01:57the best winged scout
01:01:58helper in the world.
01:02:00His name is
01:02:01Willie Widget!
01:02:02He's a robotic
01:02:03encyclopedia
01:02:04of aircraft knowledge.
01:02:07He will assist you
01:02:08on your mission.
01:02:10Our bot!
01:02:12It's always sunny skies
01:02:14with old Willie Widget!
01:02:16Be sure to ask
01:02:17a lot of questions,
01:02:19winged scouts!
01:02:20As always,
01:02:22Willie knows it all!
01:02:24Yay!
01:02:26Winged scouts,
01:02:28ready to fly,
01:02:28Commander Airhead!
01:02:30Winged scouts!
01:02:36Hooray!
01:02:36Winged scouts,
01:02:51ready to get started
01:02:52on your next adventure?
01:02:53Yes!
01:02:54Super ready!
01:02:55Is the sky blue?
01:02:57Remember,
01:02:57winged scouts,
01:02:58any and all
01:02:59questions you have,
01:03:01I'm here to
01:03:02answer them.
01:03:03where do we begin?
01:03:05More than a hundred
01:03:06years ago,
01:03:07Orville and Wilbur Wright
01:03:09taught mankind
01:03:09how to fly,
01:03:11and ever since then,
01:03:12there has been
01:03:13replications,
01:03:14improvements,
01:03:15and modifications
01:03:16that have seen jets
01:03:18do numerous feats
01:03:19once considered
01:03:20impossible.
01:03:21The first jet
01:03:23to break the speed
01:03:24of sound,
01:03:24the Bell X-1,
01:03:26piloted by Charles
01:03:27Yeager in 1947,
01:03:29set the pace,
01:03:30and ever since then,
01:03:31others have followed.
01:03:33Whoa!
01:03:35To see some of the latest
01:03:36in modern
01:03:37fifth generation jets,
01:03:39we will have to travel
01:03:41across the world
01:03:42to many countries.
01:03:44Wings up!
01:03:45Let's go have some fun!
01:03:47Yeah!
01:03:48In Russia,
01:03:53there have been
01:03:53some tremendous
01:03:54breakthroughs
01:03:55with the fourth
01:03:56generation jet fighters,
01:03:58Mikoyan MiG-29
01:03:59and Sukhoi Su-27.
01:04:02But recently,
01:04:03they have developed
01:04:04the fifth generation
01:04:05Sukhoi Su-35,
01:04:07which is an improvement
01:04:08on the Su-27,
01:04:10and belongs
01:04:11on the top
01:04:12ten modern jets
01:04:13of the century.
01:04:15There's also
01:04:15a new Sukhoi
01:04:16PAK-FA,
01:04:18stealthy superior
01:04:19airfighter jet
01:04:20being developed.
01:04:21Say,
01:04:21what's the maximum
01:04:22speed of the
01:04:23Sukhoi Su-35?
01:04:25The Sukhoi Su-35
01:04:27has a maximum
01:04:28speed at altitude
01:04:30of 2,410
01:04:32kilometers per hour
01:04:33or Mach 2.25.
01:04:36Incredible!
01:04:38Hit my playing brain
01:04:39with more cool info,
01:04:40Willy Widget!
01:04:41By late 2010,
01:04:43China designed
01:04:44two prototypes
01:04:45of the Chengdu J-20
01:04:47and began
01:04:48high-speed taxi trials.
01:04:50The J-20 made
01:04:51its first flight
01:04:52in January 2011.
01:04:55In December 2015,
01:04:57a new J-20
01:04:59with serial number
01:04:592101
01:05:00was seen leaving
01:05:02its Chengdu Aviation
01:05:04Corporation factory.
01:05:05It is believed
01:05:06to be the first
01:05:08of the low-rate
01:05:09initial production aircraft.
01:05:10The 2101 conducted
01:05:13its maiden flight
01:05:14in January 2016.
01:05:16Blasting engines!
01:05:18That's amazing!
01:05:19There were rumors
01:05:20of a possible prototype
01:05:22of the F-60,
01:05:23named the
01:05:24Xi'an J-31,
01:05:25which was later launched
01:05:26and made its maiden flight
01:05:28in October 2012.
01:05:31Very interesting!
01:05:33What happened next,
01:05:34Willy?
01:05:34Excellent question,
01:05:36Gumdrop!
01:05:37The United States
01:05:38has remained
01:05:39one of the leaders
01:05:40in building modern jets.
01:05:41They own some of
01:05:42the best modern jets
01:05:43and their Lockheed Martin
01:05:45Boeing F-22 Raptor
01:05:47is the most superior jet
01:05:49ever produced
01:05:50and is almost invisible
01:05:53to radars.
01:05:54It carries a powerful array
01:05:56of weaponry
01:05:57and remains the most advanced
01:05:59and most expensive
01:06:00production fighter aircraft
01:06:02to date.
01:06:03Whoa!
01:06:05Fun factoid!
01:06:06Are all the modern jets
01:06:07fighter jets?
01:06:08That's a very good question,
01:06:10Vroomer!
01:06:11Not all the modern jets
01:06:13are fighter jets,
01:06:14as there are also
01:06:15some passenger jets.
01:06:17Passenger jets
01:06:18usually have two
01:06:19or four jet engines.
01:06:21Three engine designs
01:06:22were popular in the 1970s,
01:06:25but are less common today.
01:06:27Hi, flying factoid!
01:06:29What were the first
01:06:31passenger jet planes
01:06:32ever made, Willy?
01:06:33The first jet airliner
01:06:35was the British
01:06:35de Havilland Comet,
01:06:37which first flew in 1949.
01:06:40Also developed in 1949
01:06:42was the Avro Canada
01:06:44C-102 jetliner,
01:06:46which sadly
01:06:46never reached production.
01:06:48Whoa!
01:06:50Factoid cooler than
01:06:52icicles on my propellers
01:06:53after an icy flight!
01:06:55What are some of the newest
01:06:57modern passenger jets,
01:06:59Willy Widget?
01:06:59Excellent question,
01:07:01Vroomer!
01:07:02The French Airbus
01:07:03A350-XWB
01:07:05and the American
01:07:07Boeing 787-9
01:07:09Dreamliner
01:07:09are currently perhaps
01:07:11the two most advanced
01:07:13passenger jets in the world
01:07:15and are still in production.
01:07:17Are all passenger jets
01:07:19capable of supersonic flight,
01:07:21Willy Widget?
01:07:21Very good question,
01:07:23Vroomer.
01:07:24I see you are
01:07:25keeping a keen mind.
01:07:27No jet airliner,
01:07:29other than the Concorde,
01:07:30is capable of
01:07:31supersonic flight.
01:07:33Is the Concorde
01:07:34still operational today?
01:07:36No, Gumdrop.
01:07:37The Aeropostial
01:07:38BAC Concorde
01:07:39discontinued operations
01:07:41in 2003.
01:07:43Whoa!
01:07:44How was the Concorde
01:07:45powered?
01:07:46The Concorde
01:07:47was powered with
01:07:47the Olympus 320 turbojet,
01:07:49a development
01:07:50of the Bristol engine
01:07:51first used
01:07:53for the Avro-Vulcan bomber.
01:07:55Whoa!
01:07:56Hoot-ding-toot-ding
01:07:57turbines!
01:07:59Those are some
01:08:00cool terms!
01:08:01Many countries
01:08:02such as China,
01:08:03Japan,
01:08:04Russia,
01:08:05France,
01:08:05United States,
01:08:06and the UK
01:08:07are all making efforts
01:08:09toward developing
01:08:106th generation jets,
01:08:12which will be
01:08:13the future
01:08:13of the modern world.
01:08:16Some of these jets
01:08:17include the Russian
01:08:18Mikoyen MiG-41,
01:08:20the Japanese
01:08:21Mitsubishi X-2 Shinshin,
01:08:23and lots more!
01:08:25Woo-hoo!
01:08:27Yay!
01:08:29Recently,
01:08:30Lockheed Martin engineers
01:08:32have developed
01:08:32a box wing concept
01:08:34to find new ways
01:08:36to reduce fuel burn
01:08:37without abandoning
01:08:39the basic shape
01:08:40of current aircraft.
01:08:41Adapting the lightweight
01:08:43materials found
01:08:43in the F-22
01:08:44and F-35 fighter jets,
01:08:47they designed
01:08:48a looped wing
01:08:49configuration
01:08:50that would increase
01:08:51the lift-to-drag ratio
01:08:53by 16%,
01:08:55making it possible
01:08:56to fly further
01:08:57using less fuel
01:08:58while still fitting
01:09:00into airport gates.
01:09:01Cool skies!
01:09:04The first era
01:09:04of commercial
01:09:05supersonic transportation
01:09:06ended on November
01:09:0826, 2003,
01:09:10with the final flight
01:09:12of that Concorde
01:09:13I mentioned.
01:09:14A noisy,
01:09:15inefficient,
01:09:15and high-polluting aircraft.
01:09:18But the dream
01:09:18of a sub-three-hour
01:09:20cross-country flight
01:09:21lingered,
01:09:22and in 2010,
01:09:23designers at Lockheed Martin
01:09:25presented the
01:09:26Mach 1.6
01:09:27supersonic
01:09:28green machine.
01:09:30The plane's
01:09:30variable cycle engines
01:09:32improved efficiency
01:09:33by switching to
01:09:34conventional turbofan mode
01:09:36during takeoff
01:09:37and landing.
01:09:38Combustors built
01:09:39into the engine
01:09:40would reduce
01:09:41nitrogen oxide pollution
01:09:42by 75%.
01:09:45What is the
01:09:46faster modern jet?
01:09:47And what is
01:09:48its maximum speed?
01:09:50The rocket-powered
01:09:51X-15 holds
01:09:53the official world record
01:09:54for the fastest speed
01:09:56ever reached
01:09:56by a manned aircraft,
01:09:58Mach 6.72,
01:10:00which is 6.72
01:10:02times the speed
01:10:03of sound,
01:10:04or 4,520 miles per hour.
01:10:09Hey, Gumdrop,
01:10:10I think
01:10:11we just found
01:10:11the answer
01:10:12to Commander Airhead's
01:10:13Who Flew Question.
01:10:15You're right,
01:10:16rumor.
01:10:16The record goes
01:10:17to the X-15 aircraft.
01:10:19Congratulations
01:10:20on finding
01:10:21the answer
01:10:22to this mission's
01:10:23Who Flew Question,
01:10:24winged scouts.
01:10:25Commander Airhead
01:10:27will be proud
01:10:28of you.
01:10:29No pistons
01:10:30about it.
01:10:37Fantastic work,
01:10:39winged scouts.
01:10:40Your mission
01:10:41was a great success.
01:10:43Like always,
01:10:45you two never
01:10:46let us down.
01:10:47Until it's time
01:10:48to land, right?
01:10:51Say,
01:10:52were you able
01:10:53to find the answer
01:10:55to this mission's
01:10:56Who Flew Question?
01:10:58Yes,
01:10:58Commander Airhead,
01:10:59we sure did.
01:11:00The official record
01:11:01goes to the rocket-powered
01:11:03X-15
01:11:03for the fastest speed ever reached
01:11:05by a manned aircraft.
01:11:07The fastest modern jet is the rocket-powered
01:11:10X-15 with a speed
01:11:12of Mach 6.72
01:11:13which is 6.72
01:11:16times the speed of sound
01:11:17or 5,520
01:11:20miles per hour.
01:11:22That's great.
01:11:23Good job, Winged Scouts.
01:11:26What's our next mission,
01:11:27Commander Airhead?
01:11:29Your next mission is going to be your most
01:11:31incredible yet.
01:11:33We want you to learn about
01:11:35the world's fastest jets.
01:11:38The world's fastest jets?
01:11:40Wow, cool!
01:11:43For all the bumpy flights,
01:11:45can't wait to get started.
01:11:46Yay! Winged Scouts ready to fly,
01:11:49Commander Airhead!
01:11:50Winged Scouts,
01:11:51ring-ring!
01:11:53Hooray!
01:11:55You know, I'm pretty fast myself,
01:11:57if I do say so.
01:11:59But you're not the world's fastest
01:12:01fast, Vroomer.
01:12:02You guys are still young.
01:12:05There's always time for growth,
01:12:08Winged Scouts.
01:12:09I was just sitting up ahead of my dream,
01:12:28in my dream,
01:12:29in my dream.
01:12:31I saw a beautiful face,
01:12:32was looking up at me,
01:12:34up at me,
01:12:35whoop at me.
01:12:37Oh, she had a cute smile,
01:12:39so I asked her name,
01:12:41asked her name,
01:12:42asked her name.
01:12:44The only other talking
01:12:45said you felt the same.
01:12:47And you feel the same,
01:12:49feel the same.
01:12:50And every time I see her,
01:12:52I'll do my thing.
01:12:53I said to you.
01:12:55I said to you.
01:12:55I said to you.
01:12:56I said to you.
01:12:57Now she's known as size,
01:12:58where she wants to be.
01:12:59What she wants to be.
01:13:01It's where she wants to be.
01:13:03She's cooking with such a chicken,
01:13:04with a jug of tea.
01:13:06A jug of tea.
01:13:07A jug of tea.
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