Residents in Bukavu expressed cautious optimism after the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda initialed the Regional Economic Integration Framework (REIF) in Washington, DC, last week after US mediation.
Despite diplomatic progress, many residents in Bukavu remain sceptical after decades of conflict and a failure to reach or implement peace agreements.
“We welcome the progress of the talks from Washington to Doha. We sense the beginning of an inclusive dialogue. This is something to be welcomed ... because we believe that without dialogue, the war would continue,” explained Bienfait Muhimuzi, a member of the Pomba Solution group, adding that peace and security remain paramount for the people of South Kivu.
“Today, all the roads are closed. We need food, all the banks are closed, and we are trapped,” he explained, before calling on President Felix Tshisekedi to commit to launching elections on schedule. "Only he can speak and clarify that he will not add a single day to his term. This will calm some minds. He should also clarify that he will not touch the constitution."
"If there are no elections in 2028, there will be other consequences. And what will happen? I think a force will impose itself,” he warned.
Josue Asumani, of the South Kivu Provincial Youth Council, welcomed what he described as an "important economic agreement", but warned that only time will tell for the Congolese people who have "already suffered so much, more than 30 years of insecurity and war."
“It is reassuring to see a whole conglomerate of agreements already signed, but the results on the ground have no impact. We invite all stakeholders to demonstrate their good faith. Without willingness, you can sign even 350 agreements,” he noted. “We invite all stakeholders to go beyond, and for each party to ‘give a little', so that peace is not just a slogan, but a reality that the Congolese people can live fully.”
Students in Bukavu also hope the accord can bring tangible relief. “At least 40% of students in the Great Lakes region dropped out last year due to economic hardship and insecurity,” said Aganze Murabaei Arsene, representative of South Kivu students. “We hope that this declaration becomes effective soon — when peace returns, we can rebuild our lives.”
The REIF covers five key sectors — agriculture, energy, mining, telecommunications, and infrastructure — aiming to boost trade and investment across the Great Lakes region.
The DRC government said the framework would only take effect after both sides fully implement the security arrangements agreed under the Concept of Operations (CONOPS), which calls for the neutralisation of the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) and the withdrawal of Rwandan troops from Congolese soil.
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