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Countryfile Season 37 Episode 43
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00:00This is the juvenile there. Can you see it now?
00:02Oh, yeah. Oh, my goodness.
00:04There may be more, but I don't want to disturb them, really.
00:08It never occurred to me, Debbie, that we'd actually see one.
00:11That's magic.
00:30This, John, is the way to travel.
00:47Isn't it? A fantastic way to see autumn at four miles an hour.
00:52We're here on the Kennett and Avon Canal.
00:55For about 200 years, it has helped to connect London and Bristol.
01:00And on its way, it flows through Wiltshire with these wonderful tree-lined vans.
01:06Now, this year, because of the long, hot, dry summer,
01:09we are expecting a spectacular autumn display of colours.
01:13And it's also a mast year.
01:15That's when trees produce an abundance of seeds and nuts and berries.
01:20Which is part of what makes autumn, in my opinion, the best time of year.
01:25Our journey through Wiltshire begins along the Kennett and Avon Canal,
01:32before heading into Green Lane Wood,
01:34a peaceful pocket of ancient woodland in the west.
01:39Then it's south to Oysters Coppice
01:41to discover the natural beauty of this landscape in autumn.
01:45The woodland's truly come alive in autumn.
01:53We'll be exploring everything from the hidden wonders on the forest floor
01:57to the treetops above,
01:58as well as getting stuck in,
02:01with a bit of woodland maintenance on the way.
02:04Well, here's some overhanging branches
02:06that could really do with a trim.
02:08There we go.
02:09It's amazing to use paint that literally comes from the place
02:19that you're painting about.
02:20How cool is that?
02:23And Adam joins a remarkable flock,
02:25taking part in the annual sheep drive across the River Thames.
02:29What a treat this is.
02:31Come on then.
02:35Well, don't you need to be somewhere else?
02:37Well, are you just throwing me off your boat?
02:39Yes.
02:40I'll see you later.
02:41Off you go.
02:42Yeah, I'll be seeing you, I hope.
02:45Bye.
02:45Bye.
02:46Take care.
02:47Winding its way through Wiltshire's woodlands
02:57is the picturesque Kennet and Avon Canal,
03:0087 miles of waterway connecting Bristol to the River Thames.
03:08And as it meanders through Wiltshire,
03:11the canal has some remarkable man-made features,
03:14like the flight of no less than 29 locks at Cane Hill
03:19and aqueducts such as this one at Avoncliffe.
03:24And under this blanket of trees,
03:27the canal has a magical feel to it,
03:30with the woodland on either side hugging the waterway.
03:38But the never-ending growth of the woodlands
03:41means this stretch of canal needs special attention.
03:44Liz Hollis is a Canal and River Trust volunteer
03:49dedicated to the canal's upkeep.
03:53Whereabouts are we now?
03:54We're just leaving Avoncliffe.
03:56We're between Avoncliffe and Bradford-on-Avon.
03:59This is a very popular spot, is it?
04:00It's very popular because it's a lovely towpath to walk up
04:04and you get walkers, dogs, cyclists, fishermen.
04:07And a lot of moored boats as well.
04:09Yes, yeah.
04:10Well, Liz, what made you become a canal volunteer?
04:13We live right next to the canal at Bradford-on-Avon.
04:15And I thought, well, what can I do,
04:17because I've taken early retirement?
04:19Boats, canals.
04:21What do they make you do as a volunteer?
04:22Oh, all sorts.
04:23One of our main things is chopping down vegetation
04:26to keep the canal clear and visible for boaters.
04:37In autumn, you've got loads and loads of leaves coming in
04:40and they can be a bit difficult for boats,
04:42but we can't do anything about those
04:43because there's just so many of them.
04:45But what happens then is that you get them caught
04:47round the propeller.
04:48What you have to do is just sort of reverse hard
04:50every now and again.
04:51Well, we're used to leaves on the lines
04:54with the trains,
04:55but I never thought about leaves on the canal for boats.
04:58Yeah, yeah.
05:01Every year, more than 5,000 boats
05:04make their way along the Kennet-on-Avon Canal.
05:07So keeping the route clear of low branches
05:10is vital for safety
05:12and for keeping the waterway moving smoothly.
05:16Well, here's some overhanging branches
05:18that could really do with a trim,
05:20so are you ready, Graeme?
05:26There we go.
05:27Over to you, Liz.
05:29Good job, thank you.
05:33Fantastic.
05:34We need to take them down
05:35because a lot of the boats
05:36that are high up over the water,
05:38they can't see when they're going under the branches,
05:41so they have to duck right down.
05:42And I know a lot of people store things
05:45on the roof of the canal boats, don't they?
05:47They do, and they get knocked off,
05:48and then we have to go and pick them up
05:49from the canal later on.
05:52There we go.
05:53Just drop it.
05:53That's fine.
05:55Right.
05:55Oh, sorry, you're right.
05:56You've got me.
05:57You've got me.
05:58Right.
06:01OK.
06:03There you are there.
06:03That's brilliant.
06:03That's a great job.
06:05You're employed.
06:06Falling trees and branches
06:10are one of the hazards of life on the canal.
06:14Well, that's a big bit of branch, isn't it?
06:15I can see how hazardous that would be.
06:17It's quite a long one,
06:19so do you want to grab a bit of it?
06:20There we are.
06:20Make sure you have got your gloves on.
06:22That's good.
06:23When we get close enough to the edge,
06:25you can chuck it into the trees.
06:27There we go.
06:27Yay!
06:28That's OK.
06:29That's safe.
06:30Surprise the ducks, then, I think.
06:32Yeah.
06:32And that will now join
06:34all the rest of the rotting wood on the floor,
06:37helping all kinds of wildlife.
06:39Yes, absolutely, yes.
06:40That's what we like to do.
06:41We like to try and increase the biodiversity
06:43and just encourage little animals and things
06:46to have someone to shelter.
06:48And what kind of wildlife might we see?
06:50There are water bowls in places.
06:52And the other lovely thing is, further up that way,
06:54we get a lot of little moorhens,
06:56and they tend to hide in the reeds.
06:58Ah, right.
06:59And they're quite shy, and you can hear them,
07:02so obviously you don't want to cut across
07:03too many of the reeds.
07:10Herons, quite common, swans and cygnets.
07:13If you're lucky, you'll see a kingfisher.
07:15And they often follow the boats,
07:17because I think the boats encourage the fish to come up.
07:23Wow.
07:24That was in...
07:25I mean, that's just a branch.
07:26I thought it was a tree.
07:27Very fortunate that there was no boat passing
07:30when this happened.
07:31Exactly, exactly.
07:33And is that reasonably common?
07:35It's getting more common, yeah.
07:36For something like that to happen?
07:36It's getting more common, yeah.
07:42We're about halfway to Bradford-on-Avon,
07:45and John Stokes from the Tree Council is joining us.
07:50Hello, John.
07:51Hello, John.
07:51Welcome aboard.
07:53To shed light on why Liz and the other volunteers
07:56are busier than ever.
07:58That's a great job.
07:59John, our volunteer crew here
08:00have been finding an awful lot of fallen trees and branches.
08:04Is that unusual?
08:05There are quite a few pests and diseases
08:07that have been affecting the trees.
08:09We have this combination of ash dieback,
08:11which is affecting lots of the ash trees
08:13and killing lots of the ash trees across the country.
08:16Historically, we've had Dutch elm disease,
08:18which has taken out millions and millions of elm trees
08:21from our landscape, from our hedgerows.
08:23And then this unusual climate that we're getting this summer,
08:27particularly hot and dry,
08:28it's caused trees to...
08:31Well, the autumn colours this year are fabulous because of it,
08:34but it's put some strain on the trees
08:36just because of the lack of water.
08:38So when is the sort of critical time of year for trees
08:42and the fact that they might lose their branches
08:44or lose their lives?
08:46Well, it's a really difficult one to be precise about
08:49because it happens all year round,
08:50but obviously if a tree is under stress,
08:53then the hot weather will reduce that crown in the summer.
08:57The leaves will start to drop early.
08:59Autumn will come on a bit early.
09:01It's called summer branch drop.
09:03I can't give you an absolute answer
09:05to the best time of year or the worst time of year,
09:08but definitely summer and the heat is causing problems.
09:11In woodland terms, the most biodiversity is in the deadwood.
09:16And so what we see along this canal bank
09:18is we see lots of fallen trees, left lying,
09:22decomposing, providing fabulous habitat.
09:25And because these trees are all along the sides of the canal,
09:29they're really protected, aren't they?
09:31Because nobody's going to go in there and disturb them.
09:33No, and that's what makes this such a brilliant habitat for wildlife.
09:37The perfect habitat for dormice,
09:38it's the perfect habitat for all sorts of other creatures
09:41that will live in here.
09:42And it's that lack of human presence,
09:45it's the water that's protecting the wildlife.
09:47It's fantastic.
09:48As autumn takes hold,
10:06the trees of Green Lane wood slowly turn.
10:09But many years ago,
10:10the woodlands of Wiltshire looked very different.
10:13These woodlands used to be distinguished by their elm trees.
10:19But then, in the 1970s,
10:21Dutch elm disease destroyed these trees,
10:24not just here, but all over the UK.
10:29A team of dedicated volunteers from the Wiltshire Woodland Trust
10:33are helping to rebuild these sites.
10:36Roger Beckett is one of them.
10:38He started helping out here in 1994.
10:41He's been looking after these young elm saplings in his back garden
10:46and by planting them out here in Green Lane wood,
10:49they'll hopefully help revive the ecosystems
10:51so badly affected by Dutch elm disease.
10:55Right.
10:56See, I was thinking I was just going to dig a hole,
10:58but actually I'm going to chip away into a hole, aren't I?
11:01That's unbelievably dry.
11:03Yeah, this is going to be a bit tougher, isn't it?
11:06Blimey.
11:07So these elms, they'll be resistant, will they?
11:10Yes.
11:10They've been bred to be resistant.
11:13This is a variety called Vrada.
11:15The English elm was really badly affected.
11:18Yeah.
11:18So these are mostly sort of continental, I think.
11:22There are species that need these trees to survive.
11:26There's a butterfly called the white-letter hairstreak.
11:30It is a lovely little butterfly that really loves the canopy of a tree.
11:36You very rarely see them coming down to the ground.
11:39It's very frustrating.
11:40Oh, so for somebody who's interested in butterflies,
11:43when they do come to ground,
11:46you know, it's one of those sort of heart-flutter moments.
11:48Really?
11:49Yeah, it is.
11:50Right, shall we try the root ball in?
11:54Got it?
11:55Yeah.
11:55There you go.
11:56Excellent.
11:56Oh, great.
11:59Yeah.
11:59Right, soil.
12:03We'll put the stake in next.
12:08So what we'll do now is we'll put...
12:10Water and a guard.
12:11Yeah.
12:12We've got to sort of like fold it up.
12:14Oh, can't let in.
12:15Oh, Lord.
12:15As much as possible.
12:16Why did we choose the tall tree?
12:19Keep going.
12:20A little bit there to tuck in.
12:23Like reverse flower arranger.
12:25It is.
12:26The guards should protect the saplings
12:28from being nibbled or damaged by deer and rabbits.
12:33Well, hopefully this elm will like it here.
12:35Yes.
12:36Oh, watering.
12:39As well as planting new species,
12:43traditional woodland management is in full swing.
12:49So we've got lots of hazel,
12:51lots of field maple, dogwood,
12:53all sorts of stuff in here.
12:54Right.
12:54Aim us at a tree.
12:57Green Lane wood warden Matt Calloway
13:00is leading a coppicing project
13:01to support biodiversity.
13:05What exactly is coppicing?
13:08Coppicing is the process
13:09where you take the tree down to ground level.
13:12And why would you want to do that?
13:14To stimulate more growth,
13:16but you're also letting in
13:18much more light onto the ground.
13:20The extra light will help the growth of bluebells and primroses in the spring.
13:26Right.
13:27Let me at her.
13:28Sure.
13:29So just take that one away.
13:30So we've got a bit more space.
13:32Bit more room to get that one down.
13:33Thank you, Nick.
13:35Oh, hold on.
13:37It's not quite as easy as you think to get in, is it?
13:39No, you got it.
13:40You got it.
13:40It's all done.
13:41Okay.
13:41Try that one as well.
13:42Let's get rid of that one.
13:43I'm going to come around this way.
13:44Yeah.
13:45Because that's going to be...
13:46It's hard work.
13:47And for the second time today...
13:49The coat's coming off.
13:50Fair enough.
13:51Volunteering in here.
13:52You don't need a coat, do you?
13:53No.
13:53You work to keep warm in the winter.
13:55So this is kind of the way we want it to go.
13:58It's going over here.
13:59Yeah.
13:59So if you put a little front cut in.
14:01Yeah.
14:02And then come in behind.
14:04And eventually that will...
14:05Yeah, there you go.
14:06Snap off and drop down.
14:07Right.
14:07You can pull.
14:08Go on.
14:08Oh!
14:12It's very physically demanding, isn't it?
14:14Oh, crikey.
14:15There we go.
14:15Just knock everyone out.
14:16There we go.
14:17Perfect.
14:18Cribs, it's huge.
14:19How many years' growth do you reckon that is?
14:21I think this was last cut in 2012.
14:24So it'll be about 13 years.
14:25Yeah.
14:26The light has completely changed.
14:29Yeah.
14:29Where we're standing.
14:30Yeah, it's amazing, isn't it?
14:30It just makes such a difference.
14:32How much of the wood do you coppice then?
14:34Only about half a hectare every year.
14:36Oh, so not that much.
14:36No, the woodland's about 45 hectares.
14:38So it's a very small proportion.
14:41Some of this we use for firewoods,
14:42but a lot of this will go into dead hedges,
14:45which are great corridors for mammals,
14:48nesting spaces for birds,
14:50and it allows the wood to continue rotting down
14:52back into the soil.
14:54How important are your volunteers?
14:57Hugely important.
14:58Yeah.
14:58Because this is quite hard work.
14:59These guys are here every Tuesday morning.
15:01Every week?
15:02Every week, from September through to March.
15:04Wow.
15:05I love that.
15:08Just as we talk about how hard that you're working,
15:10you all sit down.
15:11LAUGHTER
15:12Whilst we explore the woodlands of Wiltshire,
15:29Adam's in Bedfordshire,
15:30meeting a flock of sheep
15:32who are preparing for a truly extraordinary day out.
15:36I've been around sheep pretty much all of my life
15:41and I've seen some very interesting things
15:43with livestock over the years,
15:45but this lot are going to be taking a walk
15:48that you really don't see every day of the week.
15:51It's quite exciting, really.
15:54Every year, this flock trots through the City of London
15:57and across the Thames
15:59to celebrate the history and importance
16:01of the British wool trade.
16:02The annual event started in 2013
16:05with special guests invited
16:07to help drive the sheep over Southwark Bridge.
16:11Last year, they had actor Damien Lewis,
16:13before that, Mary Berry,
16:15and this year, they've invited me.
16:19Of course, not every sheep is up for the hustle and bustle.
16:23It takes a steady temperament,
16:25good training,
16:26and a sheepdog handler who knows his ewes well.
16:30And for the past 13 years,
16:32that man has been David Seamark.
16:35Hello, Adam.
16:37Thank you for letting me come and visit
16:38by disturbing you in the middle of it all.
16:40Just about to feed the sheep.
16:44I've come to his farm in Bedfordshire
16:46to meet the man,
16:48his dogs...
16:49Good girls.
16:50..and the North Country mules
16:51that will be taking a trip to the big city.
16:53So the mule is a cross between
16:58a blue-faced leicester and a swaled owl, isn't it?
17:01Yes, that's it.
17:03And you get the best of both worlds?
17:04Yeah.
17:05It produces plenty of lambs,
17:07plenty of milk.
17:08It's a good hardy sheep.
17:09And got good wool from the blue-faced leicester.
17:11Yeah, yeah.
17:12So how do you select the animals
17:14for the sheep drive over Southwark Bridge?
17:16Try to pick the prettier ones.
17:19Yeah.
17:19We're working them all the time with the dogs,
17:22more than you normally would.
17:24Sure.
17:24Just so that they're what I call humanised.
17:30Ted!
17:31Lie!
17:33David uses faves,
17:35or I call them shearlings.
17:36They're basically a sheep
17:37that are just over a year old
17:38that haven't had lambs yet.
17:40So they're agile, young,
17:42and they manoeuvre well,
17:43particularly as a flock
17:44if you're using a dog.
17:46And with no lambs at foot
17:47and hopefully no bad habits,
17:49they're the perfect animal
17:50for showing off in front of a large crowd.
17:52The flock's training for London
17:55began months ago,
17:56with David and his sheepdogs
17:58helping prepare the ewes
17:59for their big day.
18:01Hello.
18:02Who have we got here?
18:03This one's Lassie.
18:04She's the old lady of the team.
18:07Lassie is just one of the pack, though,
18:09as David manages to work five dogs at once.
18:12Hello.
18:13Good boy.
18:13Hello.
18:15Glenn.
18:16Lie down.
18:17Good boy, Glenn.
18:18Glenn.
18:19This is the real hyper dog.
18:21OK.
18:22Moss.
18:24Did you see him?
18:25Yeah.
18:26And he's just all the time.
18:28Look at him.
18:31Unbelievable.
18:33And this is little Ted.
18:35He's lovely, isn't he?
18:36Hello, Ted.
18:37He's a lovely little boy.
18:38Hello.
18:39But, bless him,
18:40we don't have a great deal of concentration.
18:43No, we're not.
18:44Whereas if you look back there
18:45at that mac dog,
18:46he's just there focused.
18:47Little Ted.
18:48No, no, no, no.
18:49I'll just go and see everybody else.
18:50Ted.
18:52Ted.
18:53Come on, you've got to concentrate.
18:54Yes.
18:56Can you not concentrate?
18:57No.
18:58We've got to try harder.
19:00Well, that's five dogs.
19:02Moss.
19:02I've got no idea
19:03how he's going to control them all.
19:04They've all got their own
19:05left and rights, you see.
19:06Most people have one left and right,
19:08so come by to the left,
19:10away to the right.
19:11That's how the old lady is.
19:13But then you've got
19:14four other commands for that.
19:15Yes.
19:16What are they?
19:16So,
19:17Glenn,
19:18the other teacher.
19:19What language was that?
19:21Shut up, Moss.
19:23Spanish.
19:24Mac.
19:25He's on a whistle.
19:26Yeah.
19:27And Ted.
19:28We've got Bob the Builder.
19:30Spud and Lofty.
19:32So, Spud being left.
19:33Yeah.
19:33And Lofty being right.
19:35Correct.
19:35Why don't you just say
19:36left and right?
19:36No, no, no.
19:38So, he's already picked
19:39them ones up.
19:40Oh, yeah, look.
19:41My word.
19:42We've got dogs
19:43working out here already.
19:44We haven't even started yet.
19:45Lassie, Lassie.
19:46She says,
19:47oh, Dad,
19:47I'll go and pick them up.
19:48And when they're running around,
19:49you've got five dogs,
19:50you've got the five different commands,
19:51and you've got Bob the Builder,
19:53you've got some Spanish,
19:54you've got some whistles.
19:55How do you remember
19:55which ones on which?
19:57Well, I will admit
19:59I haven't done the odd time
20:01when I'm in that arena
20:02and I think,
20:03hey,
20:03I want to move him around there
20:05and I give the command
20:06and he doesn't move.
20:08And the wrong one goes.
20:10Oh, my word.
20:11I'd get in a right old muddle.
20:13I struggle with just the two commands.
20:14I'm looking forward to this.
20:16With some sort of, you know,
20:18nervous anticipation.
20:21Not that I'm doubting
20:22your expertise, David,
20:23but I just can't imagine
20:26how you're ever going to control
20:27all these dogs at once.
20:28All right.
20:28Well, we'll let you have a go as well.
20:30OK.
20:32Sheep handling runs
20:33in the family here.
20:35David's dad, Norman,
20:36was a herding pioneer,
20:38running trials,
20:39arena displays
20:40and even chairing
20:41the International Sheepdog Society.
20:43OK.
20:45These days,
20:46David's keeping
20:47the family tradition alive,
20:49wowing crowds
20:50at shows,
20:51parties,
20:52even weddings.
20:54So, little Mac,
20:55he's gone
20:56and all the others
20:57are still here.
20:57Yeah.
20:57Look at that.
21:01Just stopped instantly.
21:03Beautiful.
21:05Right.
21:05Let's see how they respond to me.
21:07If you just say,
21:08king.
21:10What?
21:10As in the king.
21:12OK.
21:13Key.
21:15There we go.
21:15It isn't the words,
21:20it's the music,
21:21isn't it?
21:21It's the sound,
21:23the tone.
21:23The tone.
21:24Yeah.
21:24Yes.
21:25If you just say,
21:26derecha,
21:27he'll come round this way.
21:28Derecha.
21:30Off he goes.
21:30Goodness me,
21:30he's got good hearing.
21:32And also,
21:33my Spanish is,
21:34you know.
21:35Lie down.
21:38There's something
21:39really special
21:40about working sheepdogs,
21:41but having the opportunity
21:42to work someone else's
21:44is quite unusual,
21:45particularly
21:46when they've got
21:47so many different commands
21:48that I'm not used to.
21:50Come.
21:51Come.
21:52Come.
21:53Just say,
21:53calm.
21:55Calm.
21:56That's it.
21:56That's it.
21:59Calm.
22:01Good girl,
22:02isn't she?
22:04And so,
22:05these are the selected sheep.
22:06That's it.
22:07These are the ones
22:07that are going up to London.
22:10Lie.
22:11Don't lie.
22:15Well,
22:15they're very friendly,
22:16aren't they?
22:16And I suppose
22:16that's what you need.
22:17Well,
22:17that's seriously impressive.
22:19I have to say,
22:20it's filled me with confidence
22:21that you're in charge
22:22of taking these sheep
22:23over Southwark Bridge.
22:25Thanks very much.
22:25I'm hoping I am.
22:26Keeping my fingers crossed.
22:28I'm glad I'm not bringing my sheep
22:29that have been everywhere.
22:38The big day has arrived.
22:40Thankfully,
22:42David's flock are so well-trained,
22:44they know exactly what to do.
22:45So today,
22:46I'll just be using one dog,
22:48Ted.
22:50The annual event
22:51is organised
22:52by the Worshipful Company
22:54of Woolman.
22:55It celebrates
22:56an old city tradition
22:57when freemen
22:58have the right
22:59to herd their sheep
23:00through the streets
23:00of London.
23:03Nowadays,
23:03though,
23:04it happens just once a year
23:06and takes a lot
23:07of organisation
23:07with vet checks,
23:09traffic control
23:10and careful planning
23:11to make sure
23:12the sheep
23:12and city
23:13are ready
23:14for their big day.
23:17David's not on his own
23:18with the sheep.
23:19Making sure
23:20it all runs smoothly
23:20is very much
23:21a family affair.
23:22So you're David's sons,
23:25Charles and Robert,
23:26and one day
23:26this will all be yours.
23:28Yeah,
23:28something like that.
23:29So he does a great job,
23:30doesn't he,
23:30and puts on a good display.
23:32So something to live up to,
23:33I think,
23:34one day.
23:34Because if it went wrong
23:35and they were misbehaving
23:36and jumping over
23:36and getting in the Thames,
23:37it would be disastrous,
23:38wouldn't it?
23:39It would not be ideal,
23:40no.
23:40I mean,
23:41my wife here,
23:41she's a vet,
23:42so she might be able
23:43to help out,
23:44but when they're in the Thames
23:45there,
23:45I think that might be
23:46the end of that.
23:47David,
23:48when you first got asked
23:49to drive sheep
23:51through London,
23:52how did you feel about that?
23:53Rather nervous,
23:54to say the least.
23:56And now you're
23:57the man to go to
23:58with the perfect sheep.
24:00Well,
24:00I keep my fingers crossed
24:01they're perfect.
24:02What keeps you coming back?
24:04We must keep
24:05British wool
24:06at the forefront
24:07all the time.
24:09And that's exactly
24:09what it's all about,
24:11celebrating wool,
24:13with a whole event
24:14showcasing the very best of it.
24:17There's stalls galore,
24:20all showing people
24:21what you can do
24:22with this amazing product.
24:24It's gorgeous.
24:27The highlight of the day
24:29sees more than
24:301,200 registered freemen
24:31taking it in turns
24:33to herd the flock
24:34across the bridge.
24:37Back in medieval times,
24:39freemen of the City of London
24:41included merchants,
24:42craftsmen and farmers
24:43bringing their goods
24:44to market.
24:45their status
24:47came with special privileges,
24:49including the right
24:50to drive sheep
24:51through the city
24:51without paying tolls.
24:54Back then,
24:55wool was the backbone
24:56of Britain,
24:57central to the nation's
24:58wealth and pride.
25:05How times have changed.
25:07Today,
25:07wool isn't much
25:08of a moneymaker,
25:08and farmers like David
25:10struggle to cover
25:11the cost of shearing.
25:13Prices have improved
25:14recently,
25:15the sharpest rise
25:16in a decade,
25:17but it's not the money
25:18that brings the freemen
25:19or the crowds
25:20back year after year.
25:21It's the heritage
25:22and the belief
25:23that wool is still
25:24something special,
25:25with a future
25:26that's as bright
25:27as its past.
25:29Now it's David's turn
25:31to shine.
25:31So we're about
25:32to set off,
25:33we've got the Lord Mayor,
25:34all the people
25:35in their finery,
25:35the sheep are going
25:36to come in here,
25:37and then we're going
25:37to drive them
25:37over the bridge.
25:38Right,
25:39ready for action.
25:40Can you all move
25:41to one side?
25:42That's all right.
25:43We've got to get
25:44the sheep through first.
25:50And we're off.
25:51Come on then.
25:57Good girls.
25:58There's good girls.
25:59Come on then.
26:00There's good girls.
26:02Well, the sheep
26:03are being wonderfully behaved.
26:07I'm in distinguished company,
26:09walking alongside
26:10the Lord Mayor,
26:11the Master Woolman
26:12and other dignitaries.
26:16What a treat this is.
26:18Come on then.
26:21And, of course,
26:22one very handsome,
26:23if slightly distracted,
26:25sheepdog,
26:25Ted.
26:26Here.
26:27Here.
26:27Here.
26:28Here.
26:30Lie down.
26:32Lie down.
26:36Don't let me down, Ted.
26:40Lie down.
26:42Lie down.
26:45Oh well.
26:48Go on, girls.
26:49It's clear, though,
26:50that everyone's cameras
26:52are pointed at the stars
26:53of the show,
26:54David's sheep.
26:55Go on then.
26:57And their woolly fleeces.
27:04Well, we've now
27:05practised our ancient
27:06right as freemen of London
27:08to walk sheep
27:09over the bridge.
27:10Wonderful.
27:11Well done, sheep.
27:12Well, that was
27:16quite extraordinary.
27:17Never done anything like that,
27:18obviously,
27:19in my life before.
27:20And the sheep
27:21were immaculately well-behaved.
27:23Ted joined me
27:24and then he just sort of
27:25dragged me around
27:26and wanted to smell
27:27all the wonderful smells
27:28of London.
27:29But we made it.
27:30What a great afternoon.
27:31Never seen anything like it.
27:32Back in Wiltshire,
27:45it's not just woodlands
27:46that provide wildlife habitats.
27:49Our hedgerows
27:49are just as important, too.
27:51This is the traditional
27:58management technique
27:59for hedges.
28:01And although
28:01it looks quite destructive,
28:04it is, in fact,
28:05regenerative.
28:07Hedges are easy
28:09to overlook.
28:10They can seem like
28:11little more than
28:12the boundaries
28:12between fields
28:13and farmland.
28:15But to master hedgelayer
28:16Paul Lamb,
28:17they're living corridors
28:18that thread through
28:20the landscape,
28:20connecting woodlands
28:22and providing vital shelter
28:23for all kinds of wildlife.
28:26If we think of hedgerows
28:28as linear woodlands,
28:29the oldest method
28:30of woodland management
28:32was coppicing.
28:33And coppicing is
28:34when you cut a tree
28:36down at the base
28:37and then you
28:39encourage this response.
28:41Hedgelaying, then,
28:42is almost a play
28:44on coppicing.
28:45We're basically
28:46cutting it off
28:47at the stump.
28:48So we're encouraging
28:49the plant to put on
28:50that new growth
28:51but we're retaining
28:53just a living
28:54ton of wood
28:55at the stump's
28:56front edge
28:57and that allows us
28:58to lay the stem over
28:59and create a barrier
29:01from the outset.
29:02So I'm going to get
29:02this vigorous new growth
29:04in the spring
29:04from all around
29:05the stump
29:06but also from along
29:07this diagonally laid
29:09stem.
29:09That's going to
29:10give us that habitat
29:12that we want.
29:14Originally,
29:15they were planted
29:16to act as living fences
29:18but they are so much
29:19more than that.
29:21Hedgerows are
29:22a surrogate woodland.
29:24It's still serving
29:25that purpose.
29:26It's going to store
29:27carbon in the woody
29:29stems but also
29:30in the leaf matter
29:31and the soil beneath it.
29:33So laying a hedge,
29:36it's not harking back
29:37to some golden era.
29:39It still is relevant today.
29:41Then there's still
29:41a place in the countryside
29:42for the hedge layer.
29:46So if we look
29:48at this farmland,
29:49this pasture
29:50and arable fields,
29:52you can see
29:52that the hedgerows
29:54connect the different
29:56areas of woodland
29:57and so they offer cover
29:59for the wildlife
29:59when they're travelling
30:01between those woodlands.
30:03So not only are they
30:04a habitat for nesting birds
30:06but our small mammals
30:08will use them to travel
30:10between these woodlands
30:11and so they'll also be
30:12predated by some
30:14of our larger mammals.
30:15You'll find that the fox
30:16and the badger
30:17will hunt along the hedgerows
30:20as will our birds of prey
30:22just waiting for perhaps
30:24a vole to break cover.
30:26So they really are essential
30:29and they provide that habitat
30:31and that cover
30:32that our farmland wildlife
30:34relies on.
30:34So I got into the woods
30:40and hedge laying
30:41and hedgerows
30:42when I was a young man
30:43and I'd grown up
30:44in New Zealand
30:45and I'd lived
30:45a very outdoors life.
30:49When I came to the UK
30:50I found it very hard
30:51to settle
30:52and it was
30:53as a teenager
30:54at 18 years of age
30:55I went to work
30:57on the farm
30:57and then into the woods
30:59and I found wisdom
31:01integrity
31:02love of the countryside
31:04slower pace of living
31:06that I recognised
31:07from my time
31:08as a school boy.
31:10As soon as I got
31:11into the woods
31:11I felt at home
31:13and I've worked in the woods
31:14and in the hedgerows
31:14ever since.
31:19So this part of the job
31:21is coming through
31:22with a line of stakes
31:23in this case
31:24I'm using hazel
31:25but you can use anything
31:27and this will just
31:29strengthen the hedge
31:30while it's at
31:31its most vulnerable
31:32and then obviously
31:33I come through
31:34with the sledgehammer
31:37and just really
31:38hammer these home
31:40as much as I can.
31:44Different styles
31:45of hedge laying
31:46evolved
31:47depending on
31:48what was available
31:49and there's about
31:5130 different styles
31:53still in use
31:56today
31:57some
31:58like this one
32:00which is a
32:01Midlands style
32:02will create a barrier
32:04to livestock
32:05from the outset
32:06others are laid
32:07and then left
32:08for a period
32:10of years
32:10where they
32:12will go on
32:14to thicken up
32:15and then serve
32:16their purpose
32:17in the coming seasons.
32:20You know
32:21we've seen a huge
32:21decline in biodiversity
32:24and farmland wildlife
32:25and that correlates
32:28directly with the
32:29demise of habitat
32:30hedgerows in particular
32:31and so hopefully
32:32we can reverse
32:33that trend
32:34but if we don't
32:35if hedgerows
32:36disappear from our
32:37landscape altogether
32:38you know
32:39we'll end up living
32:39in an ecological desert
32:41so I'm hopeful
32:43that the tide
32:44has turned
32:44so that's
32:47a good day's work done
32:49and I'm happy
32:50with that
32:51and now this is only
32:52this is only a short stretch
32:54and it can feel like a drop
32:57in the ocean
32:57thankfully there's still
32:58tens of thousands
33:00of miles of hedgerows
33:01in the United Kingdom
33:02nevertheless
33:03it all adds up
33:05and if you take into account
33:07these hedgerows
33:08these hedgerows
33:09the other hedgerows
33:10that I've worked on
33:11in the area
33:11it all adds up
33:13and it all makes a difference
33:14and I'd like to think
33:16that going forward
33:17there's an increased awareness
33:18of the conservation benefits
33:20and we will continue
33:21to see hedge laying
33:23become more popular
33:24once again
33:25Tucked away
33:36just outside Trowbridge
33:37Green Lane Wood
33:39is one of Wiltshire's
33:40treasured ancient woodlands
33:41at this time of year it's a great place to slow down and connect with nature
33:51something local artist Naomi Joy knows well she gathers natural materials from the woods to make
33:58paint this is it this is it I see it and what exactly would possess you to go down there then
34:07why are we here so when I saw all the dugout clay at the bottom of this pond they're creating I saw
34:13some really interesting colours at the bottom and I was very excited and I did jump straight in
34:17the ditch to go and get some minerals out of the soil it's amazing to use paint that literally
34:26comes from the place that you're painting about but I suppose that's how we made paint way back
34:32when isn't it yes yeah I think the original first cave paintings were made from ochres found in soils
34:39and clays so it's really really ancient way of making paint and still a lot of paints are made
34:44that way right so we just have to get in there and get some more is that the idea yeah oh hang on I'm
34:50going to come this way I think once you start looking you see so many colours in this don't
34:57you yeah there really are look this is yellow yeah yeah look at that yellow so you literally
35:04just bring a trowel yeah oh yeah that is surprising you can see the different veins of the yellow ochre
35:11going through the clay so it's various amounts of iron and oxide forming the colours right in box yep
35:19once gathered the clay is left to dry before being ground into powder so you've set up a little
35:27studio in the woods here yeah beautiful little autumn it's amazing while big paint manufacturers
35:35rely on machines and synthetic binders to speed up this process we need to put on masks because we
35:41don't actually know what we're grinding up inside this rock it could be anything okay Naomi takes her
35:47time patiently grinding by hand with a pestle and mortar and it will last in the painting acres are
35:56really permanent colored and that's why the cave paintings lasted so long with the dried clay ground
36:02into a fine powder it's blended with a plant-based binder which transforms dust into a smooth usable paint
36:09what got you into the woods in the first place so I'm carrying out a project it's called wild palette
36:15and it's all to do with connecting back to our local nature so I'm trying to use ochres and minerals
36:21for local sites and also research what overlooked animals we have locally and create kind of a wild palette
36:30to use to respond to that research so you're using materials from the wood to create the paint and then
36:37painting what's in the wood exactly yeah that's a great idea right I'm just gonna blob a little bit in
36:44okay in these woods how limited is your colour palette it is mostly those kind of yellows and
36:50oranges and reds that I found locally from this site but you can find different colours from around
36:56the world in rocks and minerals these are ones that someone else has handmade I really do have to do a lot of
37:02swatches to work out what they're each gonna do but it is lovely to work with them
37:10amongst the wildlife Naomi paints is the rare beckstein's bat a woodland dweller that roosts
37:16in the hollows of trees here at green lane wood
37:21i've absolutely loved bats ever since i was really small i just think they're really fascinating
37:27i'm going to add the finishing touches to a painting that i've been working on so there's not a lot of
37:34yellow on this painting but actually the beckstein's bats do have a very slightly yellow tinge to the top
37:41of their fur so i'm quite excited to add it perfect how cool is that
37:56well autumn often brings a dramatic range of weather so what's it got in store for us
38:12for the week ahead let's find out with the country of our forecast
38:15thank you john well the details still to be released at the numbers being crunched by the
38:29met office but it does look as if october was really very gray across the uk there's been a
38:35lot of regional variation but generally well below average sunshine amounts warmer than average and also
38:42drier than average too but of course it's felt really quite different for the first weekend
38:47in november we've seen plenty of rain some strong winds around as well but for the first week of
38:52november into next week it certainly will still be very mild but the unsettled theme is set to
38:57continue so yes wet and windy at times and here is the pressure chart just showing a low pressure
39:03firmly in the driving seat for the next five days plenty of weather fronts heading our way it's going to
39:07be blustery and it's going to be really very wet at times too if we just take a look at the rainfall
39:14accumulation chart you can see how much rain is heading our way up to 100 millimeters perhaps
39:18across parts of northwest england maybe north wales western scotland seen plenty of heavy rain but
39:22drier for east anglia but also possibly for northeast scotland as well as we'd expect in a
39:27southwesterly flow so this is tonight then we'll initially see temperatures drop out towards the east
39:33underneath close skies but this is our warm front it's bringing plenty of heavy rain across northwest
39:37england north wales as we said temperatures rising unusually through the night so it's a curiously
39:42mild start to monday morning double figures all round we have a brisk southwesterly wind and it's
39:48that that's scooping up all of the mild air from the south so you can see that mild air marked in
39:54yellow here now there is more rain on in the forecast for western areas in particular on mondays the warm
40:00front makes its way through plenty of cloud around some brightness perhaps some drier weather for
40:04northeast scotland for east anglia brisk winds blowing up through irish sea coast 40 or 50 mile
40:09an hour gusts here and it's mild 15 or 16 degrees celsius above the seasonal average more rain in
40:16the forecast on tuesday this time it's spreading in from the southwest now there's a lot of uncertainty
40:21a lot of differences between the weather models at the moment as to the timing of this
40:26rain but it's spreading in from the southwest dry towards the north and it's still mild it's still
40:30rather blustery for many of us as well with further weather fronts making their way further
40:35northwards on tuesday and into a wednesday now towards southwestern coast in particular there
40:41could be some coastal over topping with the high spring tides from the full moon but again it's out
40:46towards the southwest where we'll probably see some of the heaviest rain the air is still mild 13
40:50to 16 degrees celsius you can see tight squeeze on the ice bars again through the course of the week
40:56there is another area of low pressure just pulling in from the west as we head through wednesday and
41:01into thursday and that's moving its way further eastwards now it will still be quite showery longer
41:07spells of rain some areas of cloud around at times two and a danger that will see some coastal
41:12overtopping out towards the west once more but it's still mild particularly out towards the east
41:17there's a little ridge of high pressure that's building in on thursday into friday potentially
41:22and that is going to lead to some slightly cooler feeling conditions so it won't feel
41:26quite so mild on friday temperatures taking a bit of a dip and it could be that we start the day off
41:30with some mist and some fog patches as well before our next weather front works its way in but again
41:36a lot of difference in the timings of these these will be the temperatures so temperatures starting to
41:42slip a little take a look at the bbc weather app for more details in the meantime i will hand you back
41:48to charlotte and john who are still in wiltshire bye for now from the woods to the waterways we've been
42:03meeting those helping the wiltshire landscape flourish fantastic you're employed
42:09and what is that that is the yellow ochre going through the clay but there's plenty more to explore
42:21autumn brings a riot of color to the nation's trees but beneath that dazzling display the forest floor
42:29is full of surprises
42:30fred gillam has spent more than 30 years foraging in woodlands yet every autumn still brings something
42:41new to discover they're ephemeral they're here one day and gone the next and it's really really hard
42:47to predict it's not like looking for plants where you kind of know where that plant grows and you can
42:51go and see it it's more like some kind of a strange easter egg hunt it's really exciting
42:56as a field mycologist he's helped thousands of people learn to forage safely and sustainably
43:03gorgeous isn't it isn't it lovely seeing all the leaves coming down now
43:07we're in green lane wood it's a woodland that's got lots of old oak trees in it and there are many
43:12many interesting fungi that associate particularly with oak looks like we've got something here got a
43:20little hen of the woods here at the base of this oak tree in japan this mushroom is a highly prized
43:27edible known as maitake or the dancing lady and culturally it's very very important and it's
43:34absolutely delicious some of the deadliest fungi on planet earth occur in the united kingdom things like
43:41the death cap and the destroying angel and if you ate one of those it would be really really bad news
43:46so it's important to never ever swallow anything unless you are 100 certain of its id
43:59this time of the year is amazing for woodland fungi everything is falling down and hitting the
44:03deck and when it does it has to be broken down and that's the job of the fungi
44:07i think we've got a scarletina belit this is fascinating we're not going to pick it or destroy
44:16it but we're just going to cut a little sliver off of it we should be able to see a really amazing
44:21colour change so it started off bright yellow and it's now going very very blue it's an oxidation
44:28reaction that causes the colour change
44:29when i was a small boy i peered through the undergrowth in this little field hedge
44:40and there were panther caps fly agaric parasol mushrooms it was like looking at sort of jewels
44:47really you know bright colours reds and oranges it took my breath away
44:52check this out i love this we've got an old fallen piece of oak timber here and growing from the end
45:01of it we've got the fruiting bodies of the oak maize gill you can see again where the name comes from
45:08so you've got this maize-like network of somewhere in between gills and paws it looks absolutely incredible
45:16and the reason the mushroom is fruiting on this log is because there's a whole micro climate in here
45:22this is retaining moisture so we've got moss all around the outside keeping the moisture in
45:27the fungus will be gradually hollowing it out and creating a habitat for invertebrates like beetles
45:35when i'm out in the woods i feel like i'm in my happy place the smells the sounds
45:41there's just something i just sink into nature and everything feels all right
45:53alan smith is another fan of the fungi here he's a local amateur photographer who puts these often
46:00overlooked organisms at center stage i found you alan deep in the john how are you i'm very well thank you
46:07obviously busy taking pictures of mushrooms they're very interesting subjects and of course
46:12they don't move very much so i can get quite creative with with lighting and what have you
46:16does that mean you've got expensive bits of kit not at all no it's bits and pieces i find around the
46:21kitchen that are due for the recycle bin so if you'd like to be my assistant for a little while i'll show
46:26you how i do it one of the pieces i used is a card insert from a smoked salmon packet never yeah
46:35and there's more equipment rescued from alan's recycling they're from a kebab kebab skewers yeah
46:45is there another one in there great so what i do then is i get the light as i want it and then prop it
46:55up using the skewers the light on the mushrooms there impact of the light yeah what that does is it fills in
47:04some light into the shadows and so you don't get that horrible kind of murky shadowy area and it just
47:11helps with the form of the mushroom well that's very clever and very cheap very cheap well this isn't
47:18the first time that i've seen your photography alan because i was one of the judges in our photographic
47:23competition this year yeah and you had that amazing picture of a slug on a mushroom it's just one of those
47:32unbelievable moments it was the slug crawling up the mushroom so i set up using the cards when i first
47:40saw your photo i was a bit suspicious because of the lighting it looked to be almost in a studio it
47:48couldn't be simpler it couldn't be cheaper use it to be creative with the lighting and this particular slug has
47:55found its place in history well you probably saw the calendar being revealed on the program yes but
48:02i don't think you know which month it's on do you no i don't it's in september oh there you are
48:11that's lovely it is isn't it yeah that looks great doesn't it we're always on the lookout for great
48:18seasonal photos for our calendar and now is a perfect time to get snapping if you'd like to buy
48:25one of these with that beautiful slug and all well this is how you get one it costs 11.99 which includes
48:35uk delivery you can go to our website bbc.co.uk forward slash country file where you'll find a link
48:43to the online order page or you can call 0330 333 4564 to place your order by phone standard geographic
48:56charges will apply to both landlines and mobiles the phone line will be available from monday to friday
49:049am to 5pm and saturdays from 10am to 4pm if you prefer to order by post
49:13then send your name address and a check to bbc country file calendar p.o box 25
49:20melton mowbray le 13 1zg and please make your checks payable to bbc country file calendar
49:31a minimum of 5.50 from the sale of each calendar will be donated to bbc children in need
49:37over the years your support has helped the country file calendar raise more than 33 million pounds
49:46for bbc children in need the photographs taken by viewers not only brighten up our homes but they
49:52help to change the lives of countless families right across the uk so thank you
50:10wiltshire's woodlands don't just team with life on the forest floor they're home to all sorts of
50:16wildlife that are using autumn to prepare for winter and that includes the elusive hazel
50:23dormouse it's tiny secretive and endangered
50:32caroline longley from wiltshire wildlife trust is the conservation lead here at oyster coppice
50:37and is part of the team keeping a very close eye on them i've talked about dormice before here on
50:43country file probably 20 years ago so it's just quite demoralizing to hear that they're in so much
50:50trouble because we knew that back then it's always the way of things that you wish people had done
50:55something sooner but there's also more thinking now that goes into how the dormice connect across the
51:01country we've got lots of projects including dormouse tunnels and footbridges across major roads so
51:09change is happening it just needs to be ramped up so how do you know how many you may or may not have in
51:15here we have several tens of dormice boxes which are dedicated volunteers monitored year after year to
51:22give us an indication of the population trends
51:24and caroline has found some signs that dormice may be close by
51:32this is pretty perfect dormouse territory we've got this lovely mature hazel which will be giving
51:37off hazelnuts all through the year and also honeysuckle which is a favorite of dormouse both in
51:43their food and in their nest materials these are the inner nests of dormice oh they're very
51:48distinctive aren't they and they'll make this perfect little nest where they'll curl in
51:52and they'll spend a lot of the year in that really that's it's amazingly intricate isn't it so
51:59that's what we always hope to find in the boxes or in the wild yeah
52:06good exercise debbie carter is a licensed dormouse handler every month she checks the boxes for signs
52:14of life no one at home sadly well no luck in that nest but in a matter of minutes
52:26door mouth door mouth we get the call
52:34this is the juvenile there can you see it now oh yeah oh my goodness there may be more but i don't want to
52:40disturb them really it never occurred to me debbie that we'd actually see one that's magic
52:50so we've just put the lid back on the box and we're going to creep away as quietly as we can
52:55manage so hopefully we won't have disturbed them
53:00i can't believe we saw a doormous that's the first one i've ever seen in real life so i am very very
53:06excited putting up wildlife boxes is one way to give nature a helping hand in our woodlands
53:16but another is to make the most of what's already here the trees themselves like many woodlands this
53:24one has lost a lot of its ancient trees to disease and deforestation and with them vital homes for native
53:31wildlife but arborist and ecologist sean sherriston is helping to bring that balance back using a
53:40technique called veteranization veteranization effectively is the process of creating features
53:46that you would normally see in ancient trees in younger trees and what features are we talking
53:51about here then so this is a small cavity that we've designed to be suitable for barbastel maternity
53:59colonies that's a group of female bats raising their young barbastel bats choose to roost in fairly
54:07ephemeral features like cracks and splits and loose flaking bark the bat species itself is declining and
54:14that's primarily due to habitat loss so i i cut a wedge out of the tree yeah and the dimensions for
54:26all of that are taken from something called the bat tree habitat key which is a database of roost records
54:31in trees so you've sort of created a bat box but within the tree exactly why not just have a bat box the
54:40thermal stability and the humidity in a living tree is much more stable than in a bat box so this is
54:48creating the kind of perfect environment for them it's the most natural way that we can provide roosting
54:54habitat for them it's not great for the tree though the work that we do is aiming to keep the tree alive
55:00and it will over time structurally acclimatize to the wound that we've created in it wow how long
55:06will it take the bats to realize what you've done do you reckon in green lane woods which is another
55:14similar woodland we had bats using the feature within six months that fast yeah yeah be so interesting
55:20to see if you get bats won't it it will yeah yeah hopefully we can put a camera on this and monitor
55:25it over a long period and see what what ends up using it to find out whether bats are using features
55:33like this you can use a special bit of kit matt calloway who i met earlier is a licensed bat
55:40handler who regularly surveys the species across the region so this one actually has got quite a
55:47a big cavity in right so it goes right the way around and it goes all the way up as well oh i see
55:53there's a big void so they could be right at the very top how are you going to work out if that's
55:58the case wow i've used my torch to start with but i can't see anything initially so then we're going
56:04with an endoscope an endoscope really yeah so this is a really good way of surveying oh my goodness
56:10right cavities in trees yeah yeah so as you're watching the screen yeah kind of feels like going
56:16caving or something that's a meter a meter we've had bats that will go right in the entrance yeah and
56:23they'll just be here depending on the temperature during the day yeah it might get hotter so they
56:28might then go somewhere slightly deeper what are our chances of seeing bats at this time of year
56:34there aren't that many features in this wood another site where we've got over 150 roosting features
56:41quite a lot of those are known to have bats in yesterday checking about 20 i found one bat
56:47so you've brought us to this tree it's a lovely old hazel tree this was probably a branch you can
56:55almost see it would have been sticking out there and it's come off and it's come off that way so
56:59you're hoping that there's a bat in there should we have a look come on so just go in very carefully
57:05down what's that it's just debris oh that's so disappointing yeah yeah
57:10that's it you've got to be patient haven't you yeah yeah but it's worth it so what is it about bats
57:21that makes you like them so much oh they're just amazing they're just amazing creatures
57:28we know so little about bats really that there's just that want to go and find them
57:40well john it's been a pretty magical day hasn't it it certainly has hasn't it i mean we both love
57:47this time of year we do in the meantime that's all we've got time for this week but do join us
57:52next week when we will both be in lincolnshire for the vegetable harvest
57:58you've got to be a bit more smooth i think yeah because this looks like it's been in a fight
58:03i suppose it's a bit like a talent show it's a talent show where everybody has some good
58:08characteristics and what we're trying to do is pick them all out and then breed them all together
58:12and get a star you're doing a good job well i haven't crashed yet so that's good you've landed
58:18well done brilliant we'll sign you on
58:24that's next week at 5 20. so hope you can join us then
58:29winter wildlife wonders in hamza's hidden wild isles wrap up warm come explore with bbc one next
58:43casting off on iplayer from riverbanks across the country mortimer and white house gone fishing in a new
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