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Fatal Engineering (2025) Season 1 Episode 1
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00:01With over 100,000 flights departing each day from airports around the world,
00:07the aviation industry has cemented itself into our daily lives.
00:13Aviation is often quoted as the safest form of transport,
00:17but whenever there is an accident, sadly, they're often examples of fatal engineering.
00:23Japan, 1985. 520 people died when Japan Airlines Flight 123 encountered a terrifying and unprecedented technical problem.
00:33It's a single blow that causes a chain reaction of disaster.
00:38Four years later, England, 1989. An engine failure and insufficient pilot training resulted in the death of 47 passengers.
00:48If you're going to shut down an engine, you need to make sure that you're shutting down the right one.
00:53In the summer of 1996, off the coast of New York, TWA Flight 800 explodes 12 minutes after takeoff
01:02due to a terrifying and unprecedented chemical phenomenon aboard a commercial airliner.
01:08All it would take was a spark to turn the central wing tank into a bomb.
01:13All it would take was a spark.
01:15Were these accidents the result of unavoidable circumstances?
01:19Or were they examples of fatal engineering?
01:23Wednesday, July 17, 1996.
01:41It's 8.19 p.m.
01:47TWA's Flight 800 takes off from New York, found for Paris, with 230 passengers and crew on board.
01:57Today's Flight Guard 800, heavy 18,000, 200, climbing 1,000.
02:08This aircraft has been in service for 25 years, logging over 93,000 flight hours.
02:15You could call it a real veteran with an impressive track record.
02:21But on this particular day, none of those passengers will reach their final destination.
02:27Just 12 minutes later, disaster would strike.
02:34As air traffic control attempts to reach out to Flight 800, they receive only silence.
02:41As the TWA-Boeing climbs to its cruising altitude, people on the ground and an airline pilot aboard a nearby aircraft see the plane explode in mid-air over the Atlantic Ocean, some 15 kilometers from Long Island.
02:57What happened? What caused the deaths of the 230 people on board?
03:24Though many on the ground had suspected terrorism, claiming to have seen missiles directed up towards Flight 800, the reality is perhaps far more terrifying.
03:35Right now, the Coast Guard, the National Transportation Safety Board, the FAA and the FBI are on the scene of the crash.
03:45Using massive search equipment, they located the wreck at a depth of 37 meters.
03:51In the wreckage, they retrieved the cockpit voice and flight data recorders.
03:55These two orange boxes are the final moments of TWA-800.
04:03They offer to the investigators a valuable first clue and point them in a surprising direction.
04:10It's a strange occurrence that might provide a key clue. The malfunctioning fuel quality indicators might be the smoking gun.
04:31Additionally, the cockpit recorder reveals two unusual aircraft sounds. Sounds that pilots and mechanics can't interpret.
04:43It's 8.31 p.m. The time when the flight recordings stop. The moment the plane explodes.
04:50Eventually, the experts managed to bring to the surface almost 500,000 pieces of wreckage, 95% of the aircraft, and reconstructed it in this Long Island hangar.
05:07It is here that they will come to understand the drama that has played out in this aircraft.
05:12And what they discovered was that the explosion that occurred could not have come from an external object.
05:30This explosion started on the inside and blew out.
05:34The fuselage of the aircraft had been bent outwards around the wing center section of the aircraft.
05:39The center section of the aircraft is the area between the wings.
05:45This is one of the strongest sections.
05:48With the fuselage connected to the wings through structural elements like spanwise beams and spars.
05:54This section also houses a critical component involved in the accident.
06:00In large aircraft like the Boeing 747, you need a huge amount of fuel to fly the massive distances that they do.
06:06And the majority of that fuel is stored within the wings and within what's called a central fuel tank, which sits in between the wings within the fuselage itself.
06:18This is the largest of all fuel tanks on the 747.
06:23The central wing tank can carry almost 50,000 liters of fuel.
06:27But on this particular day, it's almost empty.
06:31That central fuel tank didn't need to be full. There was enough fuel in other fuel tanks around the aircraft. The central fuel tank on this flight only had about 2% of its maximum capacity.
06:45It contains only 300 gallons of kerosene.
06:48Kerosene is partly chosen due to the fact that as a fuel, if you took a match to it and tried to light it as a liquid, it's just going to put the match out.
06:55It's not that volatile as a liquid, but as a vapor, it becomes much more volatile.
07:02All that was needed to create it was a heat source and time.
07:05And that heat is not far away. Beneath the central wing tank lie elements responsible for the drama to come.
07:11There are climatizers, which are installed, which are attached to the reservoirs, which are attached to the reservoirs, which are attached to the reservoirs.
07:24And that heat is not far away. Beneath the central wing tank lie elements responsible for the drama to come.
07:31There are climatizers that are attached to the reservoirs.
07:36And when they work, they produce cold airs. But to produce cold airs, they absorb hot airs. And as they absorb hot airs, they circulate hot airs.
07:46In summer, temperatures in New York can exceed 30 degrees Celsius.
07:51On July 17, 1996, TWA Flight 800 was originally scheduled to take off at 7 p.m.
07:59However, it was delayed at the gate, with its passengers already on board.
08:03A fleet service vehicle, which helps to load and unload aircraft between flights, has broken down, blocking the aircraft at the gate.
08:12Meaning that it wouldn't be able to pull back to go onto the runways and take off.
08:16Secondly, there was some confusion around passengers' luggage.
08:21As a result, the plane remains grounded. But throughout the wait for takeoff, the cabin remains air-conditioned for the comfort of the passengers.
08:28What seems like a fairly routine, though frustrating inconvenience, has created a deadly situation in the plane's center wing tank.
08:38Soon, it will develop into a fatal disaster.
08:41On July 17, 1996, TWA Flight 800 was originally scheduled to take off at 7 p.m.
08:52However, it was delayed at the gate, with its passengers already on board.
08:56Nobody knows it, but two of the three air-conditioning motors are heating up the 1,000 litres of kerosene in the center wing tank.
09:08This action creates an unprecedented situation, terribly dangerous for the entire aircraft and its passengers.
09:16That central fuel tank, with a small amount of fuel in it, is getting warmer and warmer and warmer.
09:24Though the aircraft's center wing fuel tank was only loaded with 300 gallons of fuel for the flight to Paris,
09:30there was another substance slowly building up inside it that would prove fatal.
09:35This substance is known as fuel vapor, and in a kerosene tank, it's an extremely dangerous gas.
09:40All it would take was a spark to turn the central wing tank into a bomb.
09:548.02 p.m., TWA 800 is finally cleared to leave its gate.
10:00It receives its departure clearance and joins the queue of aircraft awaiting takeoff.
10:04Between its arrival and departure, the aircraft has been on the ground for 2 hours and 45 minutes,
10:13with two of its three air-conditioning motors operating at maximum capacity.
10:198.19 p.m., the pilot sets the engines to full power to take off from the end of the runway.
10:26This is when a spark is introduced.
10:43The flight recordings show that 10 minutes after takeoff, at precisely 8.29 p.m.,
10:49the captain of TWA 800 commented on the abnormal movements of the fuel gauges.
10:54He is then cut off when air traffic control asked him to climb to 15,000 feet.
11:03Unfortunately, he never reaches this altitude.
11:07The jittery gauges in front of the captain reflect what's going on in the central tank.
11:13The hot, dense fuel vapor disturbs the seven probes inside.
11:17These electric components operate safely within close proximity to volatile substances like jet fuel.
11:35Even if there was a spark, it wouldn't have enough energy to ignite a combustion of fuel.
11:42But that wiring was also bundled with other cabling and other wiring systems within the aircraft.
11:50And those wires had larger currents running through them.
11:54This grouping of cables provide the final element to complete this explosive cocktail.
11:58What's believed to have happened was that those little crackles that were heard by the captain and the flight crew up in the cockpit.
12:07With a short circuit in some of those cabling systems that required a larger current.
12:18There's your spark, the third element needed for combustion.
12:22Fuel, oxygen, spark. The rest is inevitable.
12:27The time is 8.31pm.
12:36As the plane reaches an altitude of 13,800 feet, the fatal cocktail explodes.
12:44A massive explosion takes place within the central wing tank.
12:51Blowing out that central part of the aircraft.
12:55A key part for its structural integrity.
13:00The plane starts to buckle and the front of the aircraft tears itself away from the back.
13:07The cockpit, with a few rows of seats behind, plummets down into the ocean.
13:14The rest of the plane continued in the air.
13:16The wings still connected to what remained of the aircraft's fuselage.
13:19It took four years and 35 million dollars to complete one of the largest air investigations in his day.
13:37Following the accident, modifications were made to the aircraft's internal wiring to prevent such a scenario from happening again.
13:58Firstly, the wiring was reconfigured so that no longer would you have those low current wires bundled with higher current.
14:10The chance of a spark and an energy being transferred into the fuel tanks was eliminated.
14:15Secondly, regulations were introduced to make sure that never again would you allow to take off with a small amount of fuel that could easily turn into a vapor.
14:26And finally, increased insulation was installed between the air conditioning units and the central fuel tank.
14:31The flight of TWA 800 turned into one of the world's greatest air disasters.
14:41But what happens when you combine new aircraft engineering design with old ways of thinking?
14:48Human error can often also be the cause of fatal engineering.
15:01On January the 8th, 1989, British Midlands Flight 92 takes off from London Heathrow on its way to Belfast in Northern Ireland.
15:18A flight it would have done many times before.
15:20This flight would be flown by a brand new aircraft and had been delivered to British Midlands Airways.
15:26One month prior to that date, Boeing's brand new 737-400.
15:31Major changes from previous versions of the 737 include its modern dashboard with the introduction of digital functions and its revolutionary new CFM-56 engines.
15:42When the 126 passengers and crew board flight 92, they have no doubt about the reliability of this aircraft.
15:52However, they will never reach their destination.
15:5827 minutes after takeoff, this masterpiece of aeronautical engineering loses the use of one of its engines.
16:05Diverted for an emergency landing, it crashed 900 meters from the runway at East Midlands Airport, south of Nottingham, in the small town of Keckworth.
16:17Despite the violence of the impact that kills 47 people, 74 passengers and crew miraculously survive this terrible crash.
16:39Suspended upside down, just with my safety belt, holding me on and my wife just down below me.
16:45The captain is among the survivors.
16:48Injured in his back and legs, he is hailed for his courage and decision-making.
16:52It's a hero, except when we're going to analyze the flight records, we'll realize that it's not a hero.
17:00To understand this, we need to go back 30 minutes before the crash.
17:068.52pm, British Midland Flight 92 departs from Heathrow Airport in London.
17:1113 minutes after takeoff, precisely at 9.05pm, as the plane nears its cruising altitude, a worrying phenomenon occurs on board.
17:21The pilots and a number of the passengers realize that something's not quite right.
17:25There's some vibrations that feel more than what you'd normally expect, and you can feel it in the aircraft.
17:34What they don't know is that there's a problem in one of the two engines.
17:37The CFM56 is made up of two inseparable elements that will be the key components in this deadly accident.
17:45The core of the engine is the hot part. It's the turbo reactor.
17:50And the hot part is the big fan, the big ventilator, which is alimented by the hot part,
17:56but it will aspirate cold air in front and crash in front of the air.
18:00While the hot part of the reactor, it aspirates cold air in front, but it crash in front of the air very, very hot.
18:06And it will rise to the temperature of an order of 200-1500 degrees.
18:09The essential component for making an aircraft fly is the fan.
18:14It is made up of 38 blades, each 1.5 meters long.
18:18These blades turn and they draw in a huge amount of air and thrust it out the back that propels the engine forwards.
18:28But as the investigation will reveal, one of the blades will be the source of the problem.
18:33Blade number 17 has suffered a crack and it's shifted its position slightly within the configuration.
18:43Not only does Blade 17 crack, but as the engine continues to rotate, it begins to twist.
18:49As a result, the gap between this blade and the one adjacent to it widens,
18:54allowing more air to pass at that point through the engine.
18:57As the fan continues to rotate at a speed of 20,000 revolutions per minute,
19:02this excess airflow destabilizes the fan and threatens the proper functioning of the engine.
19:08That blade, having shifted just a few millimetres, is now touching.
19:11That blade, having shifted just a few millimetres, is now touching.
19:15the outer casing of the cowling that contains the engine.
19:34As passengers look through the engine, this blade, having shifted just a few millimetres,
19:38is now touching the outer casing of the cowling that contains the engine.
19:43As passengers look through the windows, they see sparks coming from the left engine.
19:48Then they experience a second terrifying event, smoke in the cabin.
19:53At this point, everyone understands that the situation is abnormal and there is a problem
20:17with the aircraft.
20:19The passengers begin to panic.
20:22The captain and his co-pilot are highly experienced.
20:25They have over 16,000 flight hours between them, including 1,000 hours on the Boeing 737.
20:32Critically, however, only 76 of those hours are on this new model of the 737.
20:38Only one day of training was required by the manufacturer to obtain their certification
20:43to fly the Boeing 737-400.
20:46This included all the new features of the aircraft,
20:49as well as the nuances of the aircraft in emergency situations.
20:54Relatively new to the Boeing 737-400, they're about to make several fatal assumptions and miscalculations.
21:02The two pilots understand that there is an issue with one of the engines and begin to assess the situation.
21:09They decide to shut down the engine that's causing these vibrations.
21:15Now, that in itself isn't a big deal.
21:17It happens fairly regularly.
21:19When something's wrong with an engine, you can shut it down.
21:21The aircraft like the Boeing 737-400 can fly safely on one engine.
21:27But, if you're going to shut down an engine, you need to make sure that you're shutting down the right one.
21:32British Midland Flight 92 departs from Heathrow Airport in London.
21:40The pilots can clearly see on their instruments that something is wrong.
21:45However, they are not used to the brand new digital screens on the dashboard.
21:51The pilots can clearly see that something's wrong with the left-hand engine.
21:55Their instrumentation is showing it.
21:58They can also feel the vibrations.
22:01However, as strange as it may seem, the pilots will make a mistake that will prove fatal.
22:07The left-hand engine that's causing vibrations is now the only thing providing thrust keeping the plane in the sky.
22:21The flight continues flying on a single failing engine.
22:24However, they do not yet realize their mistake.
22:27When they shut down the working engine, the cockpit gauges return to normal.
22:32The vibrations and the smoke stop.
22:34And so it feels to the cockpit that everything is fine.
22:52The right decision has been made and we're going to land in East Midlands Airport off of the power from one engine.
22:59At this point, they still have time to realize their mistake.
23:03and restart the engine.
23:05But they take no further action.
23:07The passengers can clearly see that smoke and flames and sparks are still coming out from this engine.
23:15As Flight 92 aligns with the runway, the throttle is pushed forward, increasing the power demanded from the left engine.
23:24That is the turning point.
23:26That is the turning point.
23:31As Flight 92 aligns with the engine.
23:32As Flight 92 aligns with the vehicle is the engine.
23:33As Flight 93 aligns with the motor.
23:34As Flight 93 aligns with the vehicle is the engine.
23:35It is 9-18 PM.
23:36The flames and vibrations reappear.
23:37During the investigation, part of the outer casing of Blade 17, as well as fragments from Blades 4 and 5, were found out.
23:38During Flight 92's final approach to East Midlands Airport.
23:45Blade 17, which had already suffered fatigue damage and came loose within the engine's fan, had possibly been ingested by the engine.
23:52It is 9-18 PM.
23:53The flames and vibrations reappear.
23:54During the investigation, part of the outer casing of Blade 17, as well as fragments from Blades 4 and 5, were found during Flight 92's final approach to East Midlands Airport.
24:04Blade 17, which had already suffered fatigue damage and came loose within the engine's fan, had possibly been ingested by the engine, released from a trap position damaging other fan blades as it is drawn through the engine.
24:21It becomes clear they will not make it to the runway.
24:44They are forced to make the decision that no pilot ever wants to make. Forced to make a crash landing.
24:50Between the plane and the runway is one of the busiest motorways in the UK, the M1, and the plane is heading straight for it.
25:00The pilots don't have many options. In fact, they only have two choices.
25:05Où il s'empêche de descendre, il va décrocher. Où il se laisse descendre, il va se poser avant la piste. C'est les deux choix qu'il a.
25:12Donc s'il s'empêche de descendre et qu'il décroche, a priori tout le monde va mourir, parce que l'avion qui décroche, il tombe n'importe comment et il se casse et ça fait une catastrophe complète.
25:23Si il descend et il se pose droit devant dans ce qu'il y a, en l'occurrence c'est une zone boisé et une autoroute, ça donnera ce que ça donnera et ce sera peut-être moins pire qu'imaginable.
25:39The pilot chooses to crash onto the slope near the highway.
25:43Thirty minutes after taking off from London, the captain makes the most dreaded announcement a commercial pilot can make.
25:51Captain Hunt uses the intercom to ask passengers to prepare for a crash landing.
26:00Some passengers manage to get themselves into the brace position, others do not.
26:06Violent vibrations inside the cabin cause the overhead compartments to open and luggage falls onto the terrified passengers.
26:15The plane loses thrust and begins to dive.
26:20The plane makes contact with the ground on one side of the motorway, crashing through fields and some trees crosses the motorway.
26:29The forward section splits and continues onwards up the embankment, while the tail of the plane separates and folds up on top of the midsection and the passengers in the main cabin section of the aircraft.
26:46British Midland Flight 92 crashes just 900 metres from the runway of East Midlands Airport.
26:52Miraculously, no one on the highway is injured.
26:57You might argue that this was a case of fatal engineering because of the errors that occurred in that left-hand side engine.
27:04The cracks, the movement of the turbine blades that caused the fire and the vibrations.
27:08But in this case, the pilot made the wrong decision.
27:12This is a man who has committed a fault.
27:15Because the job is obliging to make a certain number of verifications before stopping a engine.
27:23And if these verifications are not performed, if we stop a engine in good condition, it becomes a fault and it's a fault that is mortal.
27:30Because of this fatal error, 47 people died and 74 will carry the lasting effects of their severe injuries.
27:40This avoidable tragedy caused a shockwave throughout the aviation industry.
27:44Due to Captain Hunt and First Officer McClellan's relative inexperience in the Boeing 737-400 under such dire circumstances and Boeing's inadequate pilot training,
27:58recommendations were made to ensure all pilots are thoroughly prepared before taking control of a new aircraft variation.
28:06Undoubtedly, the catalyst for the British Midlands aircraft disaster was a fault within the engine.
28:12But what happens when your engines are working fine, but you lose the ability to control the plane in the air?
28:24We're in Japan at Tokyo's Haneda Airport on August 12, 1985.
28:29Japan Airlines Flight 123 departs for Osaka. It's 6.12pm.
28:35This is a 54-minute flight, so a relatively short flight.
28:39But in Japan, the number of people wanting to make this flight is huge.
28:44And so Japan Airlines regularly use a Boeing 747 crammed full with 500 passengers shifting people between Tokyo and Osaka.
28:55Specifically designed for the Japanese market, this Boeing 747 SR-46 is the largest airliner of its time.
29:04It can accommodate up to 550 passengers. With 524 passengers and crew members aboard, it is nearly full when it takes off from Tokyo Airport.
29:1312 minutes into this particular flight, something goes devastatingly wrong with the aircraft.
29:22And it never makes its destination in Osaka.
29:24An explosion occurs at the rear of the plane, depressurizing the cabin and destroying both the tails rudder and hydraulic systems, making the aircraft uncontrollable.
29:35A nightmare for every passenger.
29:37For over 30 minutes, the pilots fight with the aircraft, repeatedly informing ground crews that they have lost control.
29:46At 6.56pm, 44 minutes after its takeoff, the plane crashes into the slopes of Mount Osutaka, 100 kilometres from Tokyo.
29:59The crash results in 520 deaths. Never has an aviation disaster involving a single aircraft claimed so many victims.
30:13Incredibly, rescue teams managed to find four survivors within the wreckage of the plane.
30:18But was such a tragic loss of life avoidable? Were warning signs missed? Was Flight 123 a case of fatal engineering?
30:35In order to understand what's happened here, we need to go back in time.
30:39Seven years back, when on one occasion, when this plane was taking off, it suffered a tail strike.
30:45In aviation, a tail strike refers to the moment when the tail of the aircraft touches the ground during takeoff or landing.
30:54This is what happened on June 2, 1978, at Osaka airport.
30:58As an airplane climbs higher, it enters a zone where the air is thinner, colder and unsuitable for the human body.
31:08To maintain a comfortable atmosphere for the people on board, the cabin is kept at normal pressure.
31:17It is pressurized with air taken from the aircraft's engines and pumped into the cabin.
31:22This disc-shaped bulkhead is the essential shield that separates the pressurized rear cabin from the tail of the aircraft, which is not pressurized.
31:35Without this bulkhead, pressure would be lost through the back of the aircraft and would be unable to maintain a suitable atmosphere at a plane's cruising altitude.
31:53This is why all repairs must be done meticulously, but in this case, it was not.
32:01Once the repair was finished, inspectors discovered an alarming situation.
32:06There were significant gaps between parts of the new bulkhead that threatened its proper functioning.
32:11To solve this major issue, engineers decided to install a junction plate to serve as a seal between the two parts involved.
32:22However, the junction plate was difficult to install due to the curvature of both the plate and the bulkhead.
32:28Boeing engineers decided to cut the plate to install it and used half as many rivets as needed.
32:35A choice that would be fatal for Japan Airlines Flight 123.
32:38This zone-là, it is dangerously fragile. It is badly fixed. And as it is badly fixed, at one point or another,
32:49at one point or another, it is obligatory, under the effect of the successive pressurization of the plane, at one point or another, it will rot.
32:56And over a period of time, those repairs started to suffer cracks and started to become unstable.
33:03On this flight, that instability became disastrous.
33:07It was a ticking time bomb.
33:13August 12th, 1985.
33:16The Japan Airlines Boeing 747 has been in flight for 12 minutes and is approaching its cruising altitude of 24,000 feet.
33:25As passengers and crew settle into the flight, a loud boom thunders through the plane.
33:33Over time, cracks in the weakened area of the bulkhead created an air gap that disrupted the balance of the cabin's pressurization.
33:40The bulkhead could not withstand this influx of air. Inevitably, it explodes.
33:46Suddenly, the cabin is no longer pressurized. It is exposed to the atmosphere and the air pressure at the altitude where the plane found itself, which is much lower than what we find when we're on Earth. As such, there's not as much oxygen.
34:05The oxygen masks drop from the overhead compartments. The captain realizes the cabin is undergoing rapid depressurization and that the passengers' lives are at risk.
34:15He descends to a lower altitude so the air becomes breathable for those on board and requests an emergency landing at Tokyo Airport.
34:29The crew knows something has happened, but they can't see the entirety of the plane. They don't know exactly the extent of the damage that's been caused by this loud bang, this explosion somewhere in the aft of the plane.
34:50This photo was taken during that hellish flight by a witness on the ground.
34:59It illustrates the horrifying tragedy of Japan Airlines Flight 123 carrying 524 passengers and crew.
35:09Unbelievably, the tail is missing from this aircraft.
35:14The tail will be found in Sagami Bay, 60 km from Tokyo Airport.
35:21When the partition exploded, the air pressure inside the cabin rushed toward the tail of the plane.
35:27This extremely violent decompression is the trigger for the worst case scenario.
35:33In the plane, there are two vital elements. The depth control control and the direction control control.
35:40They are combined with the controls that have on the wings, the wings of the wings, especially.
35:46And all that allows the plane to drive the plane to the top, to the bottom, to the right and to the left.
35:51All these things are degraded.
35:52Without those two controls, as the pilot, you have very little input to dictate the movement of the aircraft.
36:014 minutes after the partition rupture and the loss of cabin pressure, the captain informs air traffic control that the plane is uncontrollable.
36:13They are given permission to land at nearby airports.
36:17However, the aircraft begins to perform maneuvers that are at once dangerous and terrifying.
36:33The phenomenon is known as fugoid motion.
36:36It occurs when the aircraft repeatedly gains and loses altitude in several phases.
36:41The plane comes down through gravity, builds up speed, the lift in the wings increases, and the plane goes up again.
36:48As it goes up, it loses its speed, and so gravity dictates that it comes down, almost like it's on a roller coaster.
36:556.48 PM. JAL Flight 123 is now only 7,000 feet above the mountain ranges of the Japanese Alps.
37:06The mountains are getting closer, and the crew desperately tries to find a way to control the plane, as the flight controls are no longer responding.
37:14When the bulk had ruptured, and the pressure exploded in the tail of the aircraft, it wasn't just the vertical stabilizer and rudder that were destroyed.
37:25The tail also contains components of another critical system onboard the aircraft, the hydraulic system.
37:31The Boeing 747, like most planes, uses a series of hydraulics to power flaps on both the tail and the wings of the plane.
37:40By tilting these flaps in aerolons, the pilot can then control airflow around the plane, and therefore the plane's direction and speed.
37:49However, when the explosion of the pressurization bulkhead tore off part of the tail, it also damaged hydraulic system pipes located there.
37:58The fluid they contained, vital for the system to function, gradually began to leak out.
38:04Within 60 to 90 seconds following the explosion at the rear of the aircraft, hydraulic pressure was completely lost.
38:136.50 PM. The crew of JAL Flight 123 has lost control of the aircraft for 26 minutes.
38:22They will improvise the most intelligent and the only thing they have in their hands.
38:28It is the use of the power of the engines to try to control the trajectory of the plane.
38:33No matter how hard he tries, his efforts will be unsuccessful.
38:37For 30 minutes, the pilots fight courageously to keep this 260 tonne aircraft in the air.
38:43A 30-minute nightmare for everyone on board, during which passengers record their final moments.
38:50It allowed many people in the plane to make photos, record messages.
38:55There will be many things in this plane in which passengers are condemned.
39:006.55 PM. 43 minutes after take-off, the airports of Haneda and Yokota confirm they are ready to receive Flight 123 for an emergency landing.
39:19The crew on board confirms the message, but it's their last transmission.
39:23This was aulturous industrial pilot.
39:29Despite the heroic efforts of the pilot, inevitably the plane crashes.
39:34gold medalist
39:44then it crashes into a mountain rich the plane continued forward with the
39:50passengers in this section experiencing forces greater than 10 to 20 G
40:06according to onboard seismic sensors it is 6 56 p.m. when the plane makes its
40:12final movements on the ground and the debris settles into its final position
40:16what we know is that there were no survivors in the front of the aircraft but there were
40:23dozens of survivors in the rear despite the power of the impact some passengers have survived
40:30however they are in a remote area in the Osutaka mountain range over 1600 meters above sea level
40:38in the middle of the night they have to wait 12 hours before rescue teams reach the crash site
40:4412 hours that will be fatal for the majority of the survivors
40:48only four would survive until the following morning in addition to the four survivors
40:55the rescue teams find a camera on it were photos from the final moments inside flight 123
41:02c'est quand même désespérant se dire qu'un petit accident sept ans après va être à l'origine d'une
41:09grande catastrophe la deuxième plus grande catastrophe de l'histoire de l'aviation par la négligence le
41:16manque de pertinence d'ingénieurs de techniciens d'un grand constructeur d'avions aviation is often
41:23quoted as the safest form of transport and the statistics play that out but whenever there is an
41:30accident sadly they're often examples of fatal engineering
41:34after the accident boeing took steps to modify the hydraulic systems of its planes in order to
41:44prevent such a tragic scenario from happening again this disaster also served as a true lesson on the
41:51importance of aircraft maintenance a lesson for the entire aviation industry
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