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02:29He spent his 18-month sentence learning how to play bugle and cornet from the Waif's
02:34home's music teacher, Peter Davis, and eventually became a star performer in its brass band.
02:39In 1922, he moved to Chicago and joined his mentor Joe Oliver's Creole Jazz Band.
02:48Chicago was thriving at that time and offered much scope for entertainers, especially musicians.
02:53Soon, Armstrong became very famous and successful and garnered a huge fan following.
02:58But it's a different story.
03:01And now...
03:04Armstrong's pleasant smile earned him a lot of nicknames like, Satchelmouth, Dippermouth, and
03:18Gatemeth.
03:19Armstrong liked the nickname, Satchmo, given to him in the 1930s when a London writer mistakenly
03:24contracted the words when he met him.
03:26He went ahead to use it for an autobiography and had it engraved on some of his instruments.
03:32In his career, Lewis had a relentless touring schedule where he was known for hitting high
03:37C's on the trumpet.
03:39Armstrong spent much of his career battling severe lip damage.
03:42He played with such force that he often split his lip wide open, and he suffered from painful
03:47scar tissue.
03:48Armstrong treated his lip calluses with a special salve or even removed them himself using a
03:53razor blade, but as the years passed, he began struggling to hit his signature high notes.
03:59Lewis was so famously hard on his lips, that a certain type of lip condition is now commonly
04:04known as, Satchmo syndrome.
04:08While playing before the royal family, Lewis Armstrong gave King George V a new nickname.
04:13At his majesty's command, several of the biggest names in jazz took their talents to Buckingham
04:18Palace, and in 1932, Armstrong was requested for a royal performance.
04:24Evidently, the show went well.
04:26According to Armstrong, that night's biggest laugh came right before his group started playing,
04:31You Rascal, You.
04:32Without warning, he looked straight up at the monarch and hollered,
04:36This one's for you, Rex.
04:37During the height of the Cold War in the late 1950s, the U.S. State Department developed a
04:46program to send jazz musicians and other entertainers on goodwill tours to improve
04:50America's image overseas.
04:53Armstrong was already known as Ambassador Satch for his concerts in many corners of the globe,
04:58but in 1960, he became an official cultural diplomat after he took off on a three-month
05:03State Department-sponsored trip across Africa, Europe, and Asia.
05:08One of the most remarkable signs of Armstrong's popularity came during his stopover in the
05:12Congo's Katanga province, where the two sides in a secession crisis called a one-day truce
05:18so they could watch him play.
05:19He would later joke that he had stopped a civil war.
05:23Between 1952 and 1955, Armstrong shed 100 pounds.
05:29Losing weight proved difficult at first, but his luck changed once he learned of an herbal
05:34laxative called, Swiss Chris.
05:36The artist promptly went out, bought a box, and became a lifelong spokesman.
05:41After trying it, he said that defecation sounded like, applause.
05:46Enamored, the musician began handing out packets to admirers, loved ones, and band members.
05:52Though he was the product's biggest cheerleader, Armstrong neither requested nor received any
05:56payment from its manufacturers.
06:01In late 1963, Armstrong and his all-stars recorded the title track for an upcoming musical called,
06:08Hello Dolly.
06:09The trumpeter didn't expect much from the tune, but when the show debuted on Broadway the
06:14following year, it became a runaway hit.
06:17By May, Hello Dolly had soared to the top of the charts, displacing two songs by the Beatles,
06:23who were then at the height of their popularity.
06:25At age 62, Armstrong became the oldest musician in American history to have a number one song.
06:34Segregation laws drove Louis Armstrong to boycott his own state.
06:38The year 1956 saw Louisiana prohibit integrated bands.
06:43Outraged, Armstrong refused to stage another concert within the state's borders.
06:48They treat me better all over the world than they do in my hometown, he said.
06:52Ain't that stupid?
06:54Jazz was born there and I remember when it was no crime for cats of any color to get together and blow.
06:59Nine years later, after this ban had finally lifted,
07:02he again took the stage in New Orleans on October 31, 1965.
07:08His music had such an important effect on jazz history that many scholars,
07:13critics, and fans call him the first great jazz soloist.
07:16Armstrong's influence extended far beyond jazz.
07:20The energetic, swinging rhythmic momentum of his playing was a major influence on soloists
07:24in every genre of American popular music.
07:38and he was the first great jazz soloist.
07:39He's a major stakeholder, too.
07:39He's a major stakeholder, too.
07:40He's a major stakeholder, too.
07:41I can think about this.
07:42He's a major stakeholder, too.
07:43The converting the violin, too.
07:44The tying of the violin.
07:44The jig that he kept the violin.
07:45The thing that I was just throwing it out for the time.
07:46He'd also learn a little bit about jazz history.
07:47And that's a great job there.
07:48He was one of them to prepare only for a couple of years.
07:50He was the one of them to prepare the game,
07:51and I was the only one of them to prepare for that.
07:51For a few years later he was the one of them to employment and find out.
07:54It was a good idea.
07:56He was an incredibly entertaining to age.
07:57You
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