- 5 months ago
A look at the connections between organized crime, gambling and professional football in the United States.
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00:00:007-6.
00:00:05WDCN-TV, Nashville.
00:00:07A service of the Metropolitan Board of Public Education.
00:00:11Certain portions of this program are adult in nature.
00:00:15Please use your own judgment about allowing young people to view it.
00:00:20Major funding for Frontline is provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting,
00:00:24by this station and other public television stations nationwide,
00:00:27and by the Chubb Group of Insurance Companies,
00:00:31for over 100 years providing worldwide business and personal insurance
00:00:35through independent agents and brokers.
00:00:39On Frontline tonight, a story of football.
00:00:43But it is not played on the field, nor cheered from the stands.
00:00:49The action of this story takes place off the field.
00:00:57It's a story about bookies.
00:01:01It's a story about the outlaw line.
00:01:05Football.
00:01:06Illegal gambling.
00:01:08And the mafia.
00:01:08From the network of public television stations,
00:01:23a presentation of KCTS Seattle,
00:01:26WNET New York,
00:01:27WPBT Miami,
00:01:29WTVS Detroit,
00:01:31and WGBH Boston.
00:01:32This is Frontline
00:01:35with Jessica Savage.
00:01:41As long as there have been professional sports,
00:01:43there's been gambling.
00:01:45But when you are talking about pro-football gambling,
00:01:47you're talking about organized crimes,
00:01:49major source of income,
00:01:51billions,
00:01:52which law enforcement agencies tell us
00:01:54are then used to fund other mob ventures,
00:01:56drugs and prostitution and racketeering.
00:01:58The NFL's only protection against mob influence
00:02:02is a rule prohibiting league members
00:02:04from associating with known gamblers
00:02:06or underworld figures.
00:02:08It is a rule enforced by an internal security department
00:02:11which reports to a commissioner
00:02:13hired by team owners.
00:02:15Is this enough to ensure fans a clean game?
00:02:18Ask yourself that question
00:02:20while you watch tonight's Frontline premiere broadcast.
00:02:23And one word of caution,
00:02:24there is one graphic sequence.
00:02:28Football is now America's favorite game.
00:02:38Football generates more illegal betting
00:02:54than all other sports combined.
00:02:56Every time a game is televised,
00:03:01the volume of betting goes up 600%.
00:03:04Music, effect, go, Brent.
00:03:17You are looking live at the Silverdome
00:03:20in Michigan.
00:03:20At last year's Super Bowl,
00:03:23Americans bet over $5 billion.
00:03:25Super Bowl XVI,
00:03:27America's greatest sports spectacle.
00:03:29Pan 20.
00:03:29The two teams with the best records in football.
00:03:31CBS Sports featured Jimmy the Greek Snyder.
00:03:35He was once convicted of illegal bookmaking.
00:03:38But this popular television tipster
00:03:40was granted a presidential pardon.
00:03:43I'll have some inside information
00:03:44that nowhere else you'll find
00:03:46and a choice that may just boggle your mind.
00:03:49Take 14.
00:03:50Super Bowl XVI.
00:03:51Put on a pair of shoulder pads
00:03:54and get back into this thing.
00:03:55In today's America,
00:03:57football betting recalls the days of prohibition.
00:04:01An illegal activity is widely tolerated by the public
00:04:05and even encouraged by some of the nation's
00:04:08more respectable institutions.
00:04:10He's thinking about it.
00:04:12Anderson is going to get in.
00:04:14We talked about this earlier.
00:04:16When he jogs,
00:04:18his radio goes with him.
00:04:21This is Lem Banker.
00:04:22He makes his living from football betting.
00:04:24The latest scores are ticker-taped
00:04:27into his kitchen.
00:04:30And a satellite dish
00:04:32keeps Lem Banker tuned into games
00:04:34being played in the 49 other states
00:04:36where football gambling is illegal.
00:04:43The gilded jacuzzi
00:04:45and the waterproof radio
00:04:46are prized possessions
00:04:48he paid for with football winnings
00:04:50because football betting
00:04:54is legal in Las Vegas.
00:04:55Football betting is the fastest-growing form
00:05:14of gambling in Las Vegas.
00:05:20The odds that govern football gambling
00:05:23originate here
00:05:24in the legal casinos
00:05:26and sportsbooks.
00:05:33Here, the ordinary public
00:05:35rubbed shoulders
00:05:35with the serious bettors.
00:05:37The agents.
00:05:39The runners.
00:05:41The beards.
00:05:42The wise guys.
00:05:48Frontline film
00:05:49during the NFL players' strike
00:05:51when only college games
00:05:53were being played.
00:05:53But the point spread
00:05:55works in the same way.
00:05:56Harvard.
00:05:57Two.
00:06:00Penn State.
00:06:01Five.
00:06:02In betting on the point spread
00:06:04or line,
00:06:05you don't bet on which team
00:06:07will win or lose,
00:06:08but on the margin of victory.
00:06:11The point spread
00:06:12is a form of handicapping.
00:06:14Florida.
00:06:15Thirteen.
00:06:16As the opening line is posted,
00:06:17Florida is favored by 13.
00:06:22Florida may win,
00:06:23but if it's by anything less than 13,
00:06:26those who bet on Florida
00:06:27will lose their money.
00:06:30The amount of money bet on a game
00:06:32can shift the points up or down.
00:06:35So several of those who come here
00:06:38are paid by illegal bookies
00:06:40and heavy bettors
00:06:41outside Nevada
00:06:42to phone in the latest changes.
00:06:44But the odds are not set
00:06:46first in the sports books,
00:06:48but by the outlaw line,
00:06:50which is inextricably linked
00:06:52to organized crime.
00:06:56Frank Masturana.
00:06:57A convicted bookie,
00:07:01he's about as close
00:07:02to the outlaw line
00:07:03as you can get.
00:07:07Every Sunday afternoon
00:07:09before the weekend's games are over,
00:07:11Frank Masturana
00:07:12drives to his office.
00:07:14The scrap of paper
00:07:15on his dashboard
00:07:16is the outlaw line.
00:07:19In the next seven days,
00:07:20a billion dollars worth of bets,
00:07:22legal and illegal,
00:07:24will ride on these numbers.
00:07:27Frank Masturana likes to claim
00:07:29that he sets the outlaw line.
00:07:31That's probably not true,
00:07:33but he is one of the first
00:07:35to get it,
00:07:36and this inside information
00:07:37is valuable.
00:07:407 1⁄2, 10 1⁄2, 3 1⁄2.
00:07:43By the time he reaches his office,
00:07:46clients from all over the country
00:07:47are calling in
00:07:48for the earliest information
00:07:50about next week's point spread.
00:07:53According to the FBI,
00:07:55Masturana's clients
00:07:56include several
00:07:57illegal bookies
00:07:58and gamblers,
00:07:59the kind of people
00:08:00who prefer to be known
00:08:01by code names
00:08:02or numbers.
00:08:05Sports.
00:08:07Sports.
00:08:08Oh, Hollywood fashion plate.
00:08:09How are you?
00:08:11Stores on three.
00:08:13All right, 23.
00:08:14Well, let me know.
00:08:15Bookies everywhere
00:08:16base their porn spreads
00:08:17on the outlaw line.
00:08:19That also includes
00:08:21Masturana's legitimate clients.
00:08:2224 1⁄2.
00:08:24The people that subscribe
00:08:25to my service
00:08:26and talk to me
00:08:27are the cream of the crop
00:08:29in the Las Vegas area.
00:08:31They're the managers
00:08:33of the legal books
00:08:35in town.
00:08:37They call me,
00:08:38get my opinion
00:08:39on the line,
00:08:40and then they use
00:08:41my line
00:08:42and incorporate it
00:08:43into theirs.
00:08:45Tony,
00:08:45the Aunt Spilotro.
00:08:48The FBI calls him
00:08:49an enforcer
00:08:50for the Chicago family.
00:08:52He oversees those
00:08:53who set the outlaw line.
00:08:57This is Jimmy the Weasel
00:08:58Fratiano.
00:09:00Bookie,
00:09:01hitman,
00:09:02and the most senior
00:09:03mafioso ever to talk.
00:09:05Partially disguised,
00:09:07he agreed to be filmed
00:09:08for a fee.
00:09:10Tony Spilotro's
00:09:11with the Chicago family.
00:09:13He probably,
00:09:14he's there
00:09:15to oversee things
00:09:16in Las Vegas
00:09:17for the Chicago family.
00:09:19And since he's been there,
00:09:21he's got
00:09:22all the bookmakers,
00:09:24all the gamblers,
00:09:25and he's controlled
00:09:26practically everything.
00:09:28Historically,
00:09:29organized crime figures
00:09:30have plagued
00:09:31Las Vegas casinos
00:09:32with their hidden influence.
00:09:35As more and more
00:09:36casinos open sports books,
00:09:38that influence
00:09:39will surely grow.
00:09:41The biggest legal sports book
00:09:43in the world
00:09:44is at the Stardust.
00:09:46According to FBI affidavits,
00:09:48the Stardust
00:09:49has been secretly controlled
00:09:50by the mafia's
00:09:51Chicago family.
00:09:53They ran a multi-million dollar
00:09:55skimming operation.
00:09:57They installed
00:09:57their own front man,
00:09:59Alan Glick.
00:10:00Glick is gone,
00:10:01but the skim continues.
00:10:02Barely a year ago,
00:10:06the FBI took photographs
00:10:07as the Stardust
00:10:08skim money
00:10:09was handed over
00:10:10in a parking lot.
00:10:13FBI sources
00:10:14say that Al Sachs,
00:10:15the present owner
00:10:16of the Stardust,
00:10:17is still beholden
00:10:18to the Chicago family.
00:10:20So the place now
00:10:22is still under
00:10:23the Chicago family.
00:10:24They just put
00:10:25different people
00:10:26in there to operate it.
00:10:27Now it's Al Sachs.
00:10:29He belongs to
00:10:30the Chicago family.
00:10:31He didn't belong to it,
00:10:32but he is
00:10:33dominated
00:10:35by the Chicago family.
00:10:39Al Sachs Casino
00:10:41takes more football action
00:10:43than any other sports book
00:10:45in Las Vegas.
00:10:45So even in Las Vegas,
00:10:49where football gambling
00:10:50is legal,
00:10:51the point spread
00:10:52is subject to the influence,
00:10:53direct and indirect,
00:10:55of organized crime.
00:10:59Every Sunday,
00:11:00the new point spread
00:11:01is broadcast
00:11:02on the Stardust's
00:11:03own radio show.
00:11:05Good evening,
00:11:05ladies and gentlemen.
00:11:06This is Lee Pete
00:11:06along with Jim Brown
00:11:07from the beautiful
00:11:08Stardust Hotel.
00:11:09We will attempt
00:11:10to amuse you
00:11:11for the next two hours,
00:11:12and in that amusement,
00:11:13we're going to give you
00:11:13some totals
00:11:14for next week's
00:11:15football games
00:11:16plus the line.
00:11:17The point spread
00:11:18that is put out
00:11:18legally in Las Vegas
00:11:19is picked up
00:11:20and published
00:11:21by newspapers everywhere,
00:11:22even newspapers
00:11:24like the Los Angeles Times
00:11:25and the Washington Post.
00:11:27Such information
00:11:28supports the
00:11:29multi-billion dollar
00:11:30illegal gambling industry
00:11:32outside Las Vegas.
00:11:41With slickly packaged films
00:11:43cut to upbeat music,
00:11:44the NFL has created
00:11:46its own image.
00:11:49It is a carefully
00:11:50controlled image.
00:11:52Television has made
00:11:53that image part
00:11:54of American culture.
00:11:55but the NFL can do little
00:12:15to control the illegal
00:12:16football betting industry
00:12:17that constitutes
00:12:18a permanent threat
00:12:20to its image
00:12:20and its integrity.
00:12:22Sean McQueenie heads
00:12:25the FBI's
00:12:25organized crime division.
00:12:27There is a connection
00:12:28between organized crime
00:12:30and gambling
00:12:31in this country.
00:12:32The major metropolitan areas
00:12:34where we have
00:12:34our traditional families
00:12:35has controlled sports
00:12:36bookmaking for years.
00:12:38Charlie Parsons,
00:12:39FBI special agent
00:12:40in Las Vegas.
00:12:41Well, sports bookmaking
00:12:43in general
00:12:44for years
00:12:45has been considered
00:12:46the number one
00:12:47source of income
00:12:49for the mafia,
00:12:50the syndicate,
00:12:51the outfit.
00:12:52$22 billion
00:12:53was bet
00:12:54on sports
00:12:55gambling
00:12:56in the United States.
00:12:57That was in
00:12:58September of 1980.
00:12:59Since that time
00:13:01there have been figures
00:13:02up to $25 billion
00:13:03and higher.
00:13:04Out of sports bookmaking,
00:13:05pro football is king.
00:13:08It's number one
00:13:08by far
00:13:09as far as the amounts
00:13:11of money is wagered.
00:13:14Frontline followed police
00:13:15as they mounted
00:13:16an undercover operation
00:13:17against an illegal bookie
00:13:19in the Fort Lauderdale area.
00:13:22Here,
00:13:22a police cameraman
00:13:23stakes out
00:13:25an illegal payoff.
00:13:26The bookie
00:13:33is known
00:13:34to the police
00:13:35as Bobby Olson.
00:13:39He doesn't know
00:13:40that the two men
00:13:41he's talking with
00:13:42are undercover policemen
00:13:43or that this meeting
00:13:45is being videotaped.
00:13:53Police believe
00:13:54that Bobby Olson
00:13:55handles about
00:13:56$40,000 worth
00:13:57of football action
00:13:58a week.
00:14:01Even a street corner bookie
00:14:03like Bobby Olson
00:14:04will be connected
00:14:05to organized crime
00:14:06according to this
00:14:07undercover officer.
00:14:09I would place him
00:14:09as a mid-level bookmaker
00:14:11in a much larger organization.
00:14:14Part of his money
00:14:15he's paying either
00:14:16for protection
00:14:17from organized crime
00:14:19giving him the right
00:14:19to work
00:14:20in the area.
00:14:21He's paying tribute
00:14:22money to him.
00:14:24That's $63.
00:14:25Go ahead.
00:14:26The police set out
00:14:27to raid Bobby Olson.
00:14:29Like most bookies
00:14:30he'll be hard to find
00:14:32because he likes
00:14:33to keep on the move.
00:14:37The only way
00:14:38to spot him
00:14:38is to look for his car
00:14:40and when they know
00:14:41and when they know
00:14:41where he is
00:14:42the police
00:14:42move in fast.
00:14:44That's him.
00:14:45Bingo!
00:14:50In some places
00:14:51police are switching
00:14:52their attention
00:14:53from gambling
00:14:53to narcotics.
00:14:55But here in South Florida
00:14:57a major entry point
00:14:58for drugs
00:14:59the importance
00:15:00of bookies
00:15:00like Bobby Olson
00:15:01is not lost
00:15:02on police.
00:15:06Bobby open up.
00:15:07Bobby under arrest.
00:15:12You have a right
00:15:13to remain silent.
00:15:13You understand?
00:15:15Anything you can't say
00:15:16will be used
00:15:17against you
00:15:17in a court of law.
00:15:18You understand?
00:15:18Gambling is the
00:15:21largest source
00:15:22of income
00:15:22into organized crime.
00:15:25A lot of people
00:15:25say it's narcotics
00:15:26but I think
00:15:29the general opinion
00:15:30is that more money
00:15:31filters in
00:15:32and is used
00:15:33then to purchase
00:15:34narcotics
00:15:35and it all comes
00:15:36basically from
00:15:37football betting
00:15:37which is the biggest
00:15:38amount of volume
00:15:40business
00:15:40that a bookmaker
00:15:41will have.
00:15:42Quietly.
00:15:43As Bobby's clients
00:15:45call in
00:15:45the police
00:15:46answer the phone
00:15:47and build their
00:15:48case against him.
00:15:49The guy in the
00:15:50corner bar
00:15:50betting with a bookmaker
00:15:51that bookmaker
00:15:52is going to be
00:15:53paying some of that
00:15:54money back into
00:15:54organized crime
00:15:55through funneling
00:15:57system
00:15:57and that money
00:15:58is going to be
00:15:59used for
00:15:59narcotics
00:16:00or prostitution
00:16:01or any of their
00:16:02other illegal
00:16:03activities.
00:16:06Evidence like this
00:16:07can disappear
00:16:08in a flash.
00:16:10There are some
00:16:10special papers
00:16:11which allows
00:16:12a bookmaker
00:16:13to do this.
00:16:14One's called
00:16:15a flash paper.
00:16:16Anything hot
00:16:17really will set
00:16:18it afire.
00:16:18I have a piece
00:16:19here if you'd
00:16:19like me to
00:16:20demonstrate it
00:16:20for you.
00:16:22At first it
00:16:23burns very slow
00:16:25but then it
00:16:26starts accelerating
00:16:27and it's just
00:16:29a big ball
00:16:31of fire
00:16:32and there are
00:16:32no residue
00:16:33left at all.
00:16:35This piece of
00:16:36paper is
00:16:37water-soluble
00:16:38paper.
00:16:38It's sometimes
00:16:39referred to as
00:16:40rice paper
00:16:40which when
00:16:41immersed in
00:16:42water
00:16:43it just
00:16:43rapidly
00:16:44dissolves.
00:16:45Dip it
00:16:45into it
00:16:46and I
00:16:46try to
00:16:46pull it
00:16:47out
00:16:47it just
00:16:48falls apart
00:16:49and you
00:16:50can see
00:16:50the ink
00:16:51is just
00:16:51kind of
00:16:51fading away.
00:16:52No one
00:16:58keeps records
00:16:59when it
00:16:59comes to
00:16:59illegal
00:17:00football
00:17:00gambling
00:17:01but with
00:17:02billions of
00:17:02dollars bet
00:17:03on football
00:17:04each year
00:17:04it's easy
00:17:05to understand
00:17:06why organized
00:17:07crime would
00:17:07be interested
00:17:08in any
00:17:08inside
00:17:09information.
00:17:10So the NFL
00:17:11warns all of
00:17:12its members
00:17:12annually to
00:17:13have no
00:17:14associations
00:17:14whatsoever
00:17:15with known
00:17:16gamblers.
00:17:17The NFL
00:17:18employs its
00:17:18own security
00:17:19force to make
00:17:20sure this does
00:17:21not happen.
00:17:23Preventing
00:17:23associations
00:17:24is the only
00:17:25way the NFL
00:17:25has of guarding
00:17:26against a
00:17:27fixed game.
00:17:30Behind the
00:17:31walls of this
00:17:32top security
00:17:32prison is a
00:17:34man who says
00:17:34he helped fix
00:17:35four professional
00:17:36games a year
00:17:37in 1968,
00:17:3969, and 70.
00:17:41He says he was
00:17:42part of a
00:17:42syndicate of
00:17:43illegal bookies
00:17:44and their
00:17:44mafia associates.
00:17:45John Piazza
00:17:48in return for
00:17:50financial assistance
00:17:51to his wife
00:17:52Piazza repeated
00:17:53a story he has
00:17:54already told
00:17:55law enforcement
00:17:56officers.
00:17:58We had
00:17:58the coach
00:18:00and we had
00:18:02the quarterback
00:18:02who was
00:18:04the offensive
00:18:05captain and we
00:18:06had the defensive
00:18:07captain.
00:18:08With help like
00:18:09that the
00:18:09syndicate was
00:18:10sure to beat
00:18:11the point spread.
00:18:12With the
00:18:13quarterback if
00:18:14he knew the
00:18:15perimeters of
00:18:15the scores
00:18:16that we wanted
00:18:16to hold,
00:18:18maybe he was
00:18:18down close to
00:18:19scoring a
00:18:20touchdown,
00:18:21but a touchdown
00:18:22would have put
00:18:22it out of the
00:18:23reach of where
00:18:24we wanted to
00:18:24go.
00:18:25So he'd throw
00:18:25a bad pass or
00:18:26throw it out of
00:18:27bounds and only
00:18:27kick a field goal
00:18:28so that he had
00:18:30control of where
00:18:32the points would
00:18:33fall.
00:18:34With the defensive
00:18:34back if we got
00:18:35out of control
00:18:38and maybe somebody
00:18:38intercepted a pass
00:18:39and ran it back
00:18:40or something that
00:18:41the offense has no
00:18:42control over,
00:18:43then the defensive
00:18:44back could slip
00:18:45or let somebody
00:18:46beat him on
00:18:47coverage or
00:18:47something,
00:18:48you know,
00:18:48enough to
00:18:49control where
00:18:50the points would
00:18:51fall.
00:18:51The coach was
00:18:52almost as
00:18:53important as
00:18:54the players.
00:18:55The coach,
00:18:56if you've got a
00:18:57quarterback that's
00:18:57supposed to be a
00:18:58very good
00:18:59quarterback who
00:19:00has an extremely
00:19:01high percentage
00:19:02of completions,
00:19:04and then all of a
00:19:05sudden today he's
00:19:05throwing them in
00:19:06the ground and
00:19:07throwing them in
00:19:07the seats and
00:19:08throwing them in
00:19:09a lot of
00:19:09different places,
00:19:10you don't want
00:19:10the crowd to start
00:19:11yelling at the
00:19:12coach and the
00:19:12coach to pull the
00:19:13player out when
00:19:13we need him to
00:19:15protect our
00:19:17investment.
00:19:19The purpose of
00:19:20this test is
00:19:20determining your
00:19:21knowledge of and
00:19:22participation in
00:19:23payoffs for
00:19:24controlling the
00:19:24spread of points
00:19:25during a given
00:19:26professional football
00:19:27game.
00:19:28Have you voluntarily
00:19:29agreed to take
00:19:30this test?
00:19:30Yes.
00:19:32Frontline gave
00:19:33Piazza a lie
00:19:34detector test.
00:19:35These tests are
00:19:36not infallible,
00:19:37but this one found
00:19:38that he was telling
00:19:39the truth.
00:19:40He gave names,
00:19:42games, dates,
00:19:43and the actual
00:19:44amounts of money
00:19:45that changed hands.
00:19:46The players that
00:19:47were involved,
00:19:48they were like a
00:19:48consortium, okay?
00:19:50We would guarantee
00:19:51them $300,000.
00:19:53If there was three
00:19:53individuals, that
00:19:54would mean that
00:19:55they were getting
00:19:55$100,000 a piece.
00:19:57Plus, we'd give
00:19:59them 10 to 15%
00:20:00of what we took
00:20:01in.
00:20:02So if we took
00:20:03in $3 million,
00:20:04that means that
00:20:05they were going to
00:20:06get an extra
00:20:06$300,000, it
00:20:08could amount up
00:20:08to a specific
00:20:10instance, $800,000
00:20:12was the total payout.
00:20:15Piazza remembers
00:20:16that instance well
00:20:17because he says
00:20:18he carried the
00:20:19cash to the
00:20:19players.
00:20:20The intermediary
00:20:21arrived in a car
00:20:23with two football
00:20:24players that were
00:20:26on the team.
00:20:27The only way that
00:20:28I would give the
00:20:28money to the
00:20:29intermediary was
00:20:30to recognize the
00:20:31people in the car
00:20:32that were the
00:20:32football players
00:20:33and for him to
00:20:34get in the car
00:20:35with them so
00:20:36them and the
00:20:36money left
00:20:37together.
00:20:38Otherwise, they
00:20:39might have been
00:20:39able to say that
00:20:40we didn't meet
00:20:41our commitment
00:20:41or we didn't
00:20:42fulfill our end
00:20:43of the bargain
00:20:43or, you know,
00:20:44whatever.
00:20:45But I wanted to
00:20:46make sure that
00:20:46the money and
00:20:48them were in
00:20:49the same car.
00:20:51The instance
00:20:51that I was
00:20:52involved in was
00:20:53not the last
00:20:53time that we
00:20:55did this.
00:20:56And I'm sure
00:20:56that if they
00:20:57hadn't been paid
00:20:58for their previous
00:20:58activities that they
00:20:59wouldn't have
00:20:59continued on.
00:21:02There's not a
00:21:02lot of group
00:21:03fellowship in this
00:21:04business.
00:21:06Piazza's story
00:21:10serves to
00:21:11underscore the
00:21:11importance of
00:21:12the NFL's own
00:21:13rules on
00:21:14gambling.
00:21:14In addition to
00:21:15warning against
00:21:16accepting bribes
00:21:17or fixing games,
00:21:18the rules warn
00:21:19against, quote,
00:21:21any associating
00:21:22with gambling
00:21:22or with gambling
00:21:23activities.
00:21:25They are signed
00:21:25by Commissioner
00:21:26Pete Rozelle,
00:21:27the man whose
00:21:28job it is to
00:21:29make sure these
00:21:29rules are followed
00:21:30by every member
00:21:31of the league.
00:21:32does the rule
00:21:34about associating
00:21:35with gamblers
00:21:36cover players
00:21:37and owners,
00:21:39managers,
00:21:39team members
00:21:40as well?
00:21:41It would include
00:21:42everyone in the
00:21:43NFL, but of
00:21:44course you have
00:21:44to define the
00:21:45term gamblers.
00:21:46By gamblers,
00:21:47I assume you're
00:21:48talking about
00:21:49illegal gambling.
00:21:50I'm talking about
00:21:51illegal gambling
00:21:51as well.
00:21:52Yes, continued
00:21:53associations after
00:21:54they know who
00:21:54the individuals are.
00:21:55Why is that so
00:21:56important, Mr.
00:21:57Commissioner?
00:21:57Oh, it goes to
00:21:58the integrity of the
00:21:59game.
00:21:59Our biggest problem
00:22:00is suspicion.
00:22:06Suspicion first
00:22:07clouded the NFL
00:22:08during the 1946
00:22:09championship game.
00:22:12Polo Drowns,
00:22:13pro championship
00:22:13game under a cloud.
00:22:15The Chicago Bears
00:22:16take the field
00:22:17against the grim
00:22:18New York Giants.
00:22:19Gamblers trying
00:22:20to make bribes
00:22:21involve two giant
00:22:22players including
00:22:23halfback Phil Chuck.
00:22:25The players had
00:22:26failed to report
00:22:27the bribes
00:22:28offered them.
00:22:30Officially, this
00:22:35is the only
00:22:36attempt to fix
00:22:37a game to which
00:22:37the NFL admits.
00:22:39The Bears are
00:22:40champs 24 to 14
00:22:41and the good name
00:22:42of football is
00:22:43still intact.
00:22:51In the early
00:22:521950s, the
00:22:53connection between
00:22:54mafia bosses like
00:22:56Frank Costello
00:22:56and convicted
00:22:59bookmakers like
00:23:00Frank Erickson
00:23:00were being exposed
00:23:02by the Senate
00:23:02Rackets Committee.
00:23:06What is your
00:23:07business?
00:23:11My business?
00:23:12I have no business.
00:23:13I'm in jail.
00:23:16Despite the
00:23:16occupational hazards,
00:23:18bookies and their
00:23:19mafia associates
00:23:20allegedly fixed a game
00:23:21in 1951.
00:23:23We had a referee
00:23:24years ago that
00:23:26participated in
00:23:30helping us win a game.
00:23:32There's a lot of ways
00:23:35that there's a penalty,
00:23:37called a penalty,
00:23:38an offside penalty.
00:23:41In them days,
00:23:42they didn't have
00:23:42this television replay.
00:23:46You know,
00:23:47they could get away
00:23:47with a lot of stuff.
00:23:50Roselle's first
00:23:51scandal came when
00:23:51Alex Karras
00:23:52admitted betting.
00:23:53Now Roselle,
00:23:54who'd been warned
00:23:54about Karras,
00:23:55had to suspend him.
00:23:58Of course,
00:23:58you make a mistake
00:23:59and you have a set...
00:24:00Another player,
00:24:00Paul Horning,
00:24:01made the same mistake
00:24:02and was suspended too.
00:24:04But Roselle did
00:24:05nothing when Horning
00:24:06was later seen
00:24:07with an illegal bookie.
00:24:10In 1970,
00:24:12news broke
00:24:12that a grand jury
00:24:13was interested
00:24:14in four quarterbacks
00:24:15to college coaches
00:24:16and a bookie.
00:24:18The general grand jury
00:24:19will begin hearing
00:24:20testimony in two weeks,
00:24:21January 20th,
00:24:23about the operations
00:24:24of perhaps the largest
00:24:25betting gambling operation
00:24:26in sports history.
00:24:28The key man
00:24:28in the entire investigation
00:24:30is Don Dawson.
00:24:31It would appear
00:24:32he knows everybody
00:24:33who is anybody
00:24:34in sports.
00:24:36As a college coach
00:24:37ten years ago,
00:24:38Frank Cush
00:24:39often phoned
00:24:40gambler Don Dawson.
00:24:41But last year,
00:24:42Roselle let Cush
00:24:43become an NFL coach.
00:24:45We told the Baltimore
00:24:46Colts
00:24:47that we saw
00:24:47no reason why
00:24:48he would not
00:24:50be accepted
00:24:51as a coach
00:24:51at the time
00:24:52they hired him.
00:24:53An IRS affidavit,
00:24:55an investigation
00:24:55showed that Frank Cush
00:24:56talked numerous times
00:24:59to known gambler
00:25:00Dice Dawson.
00:25:01Was that a thorough
00:25:02background check?
00:25:03I'm sure that our
00:25:05security department
00:25:06evaluated that
00:25:07at the time.
00:25:09And again,
00:25:10the fact that
00:25:11he knew someone
00:25:13and would talk to him
00:25:14a great number of times
00:25:15wouldn't necessarily
00:25:16mean that he would
00:25:17know exactly
00:25:18what the man's
00:25:18business is.
00:25:21Joe Namath
00:25:21had been linked
00:25:22to the Detroit
00:25:23grand jury.
00:25:24It was not his
00:25:25first brush
00:25:26with scandal.
00:25:26Broadway Joe,
00:25:37the swinging superstar
00:25:38of the late 60s,
00:25:40had started out
00:25:41as a bookies runner.
00:25:43Later,
00:25:43he could often
00:25:44be found playing
00:25:45liar's poker
00:25:46in a notorious
00:25:47nightclub.
00:25:47And for months,
00:25:49the NFL had known
00:25:50that Namath's
00:25:50own restaurant
00:25:51had become a hangout
00:25:53for bookies
00:25:53and gamblers.
00:25:55One, two, three,
00:25:56hit, go, go, go!
00:25:58No one else gets
00:25:59more like Broadway Joe!
00:26:03When Manhattan police
00:26:05planned a raid
00:26:05on Namath's restaurant,
00:26:07Bachelors 3,
00:26:08Pete Rosell
00:26:08was forced to act fast.
00:26:11Namath was ordered
00:26:12to sell his place
00:26:13or quit the game.
00:26:15I...
00:26:18I'm not selling.
00:26:23I'll quit.
00:26:25Reporters spared
00:26:26the league
00:26:27and the tearful
00:26:27Namath
00:26:28the obvious question.
00:26:30This is ridiculous.
00:26:31Why hadn't Rosell
00:26:32acted months earlier?
00:26:35Well,
00:26:35when we learned
00:26:36of the problem
00:26:37at this
00:26:38Bachelors 3 restaurant,
00:26:40we got all the
00:26:41information we could
00:26:42and then I confronted
00:26:43Joe privately about it.
00:26:44Is that vigorous
00:26:45enforcement?
00:26:45I think that's
00:26:46as vigorous as
00:26:47we can do
00:26:49in the way
00:26:50of associations.
00:26:51If they're going
00:26:51to associate
00:26:53with individuals
00:26:54that are clearly
00:26:56on the outskirts
00:26:57of society,
00:26:58they're going to
00:26:59bring discredit
00:26:59to themselves,
00:27:01to the league,
00:27:02and continue
00:27:03the association
00:27:04and just flaunt it,
00:27:05then I think
00:27:06something can be done.
00:27:07according to Pete
00:27:11Rosell,
00:27:12the game's biggest
00:27:13threat is suspicion.
00:27:15In 1978,
00:27:16the average
00:27:17Redskin fan
00:27:17might have been
00:27:18suspicious
00:27:19if he had known
00:27:20that a bookmaker
00:27:21was friendly
00:27:21with a team member
00:27:22and that in this game,
00:27:24the bookmaker
00:27:25bet against
00:27:26the Redskins.
00:27:26recently,
00:27:29these reporters
00:27:30wrote that during
00:27:31a raid,
00:27:31police had found
00:27:32two players,
00:27:33one of whom
00:27:34was a Washington
00:27:34Redskin,
00:27:35Jake Scott,
00:27:36in the home
00:27:37of a bookmaker
00:27:37called Bernie Fuqua.
00:27:38When the agents
00:27:40burst into Fuqua's house,
00:27:42there was Jake Scott
00:27:43on the sofa
00:27:44and in a chair
00:27:45was Craig Hurtwig,
00:27:46who at the time
00:27:47was an offensive lineman
00:27:48for the Buffalo Bills.
00:27:51I forget when
00:27:52I did learn about that.
00:27:53I know that
00:27:53the two players involved,
00:27:55it was at the end
00:27:56of their career
00:27:56and nothing was
00:27:58certainly ever
00:27:59established on them.
00:28:01In fact,
00:28:01the newspaper reported
00:28:02that police told
00:28:04the NFL about the raid
00:28:05three years ago.
00:28:06When we contacted
00:28:08Warren Welch,
00:28:09who is now
00:28:10the NFL security chief,
00:28:12he looked in the NFL files
00:28:14and there was indeed
00:28:15a notice
00:28:16from Gary Garner
00:28:17of the Georgia Bureau
00:28:18of Investigation
00:28:19of the December raid
00:28:21on Fuqua's house
00:28:22and of Jake Scott's presence
00:28:24in Fuqua's house
00:28:25at the time of the raid.
00:28:28Associating with a bookie
00:28:29can cause suspicion,
00:28:30even though there's
00:28:31no evidence
00:28:31that Scott,
00:28:32number 13,
00:28:33meant to miss this tackle
00:28:34and allow a touchdown.
00:28:36Despite that association,
00:28:39the NFL was apparently
00:28:40prepared to allow
00:28:41Jake Scott
00:28:42and Craig Hurtwick
00:28:43to continue
00:28:44their playing careers.
00:28:46They did not play
00:28:47during our regular season
00:28:48next year.
00:28:49They retired from football,
00:28:50not because of the incident,
00:28:51but they were near
00:28:52the end of their careers.
00:28:53They played in the preseason
00:28:54the next year, however.
00:28:55They reported to training camp,
00:28:57but they did not play
00:28:57in the regular season.
00:28:59Again,
00:29:00Warren Welch,
00:29:01I think,
00:29:02would be the best one
00:29:02for you to talk about
00:29:03on the details of that.
00:29:05They did not play
00:29:07in a regular season game
00:29:11after Fuqua's arrest
00:29:13in December of 1978.
00:29:16But they did play
00:29:16a preseason game.
00:29:19In 79,
00:29:20yes, they did.
00:29:24The Oakland Raiders
00:29:26say they told the NFL
00:29:2715 times
00:29:28that their star quarterback,
00:29:30Ken Stabler,
00:29:31had been seen
00:29:32with convicted bookmaker,
00:29:34Nick Dudich.
00:29:37Still,
00:29:38the NFL did nothing.
00:29:41But a murder
00:29:42in Northern California
00:29:43changed that.
00:29:45Dudich had bet
00:29:45with bookmaker,
00:29:46Whitey Green.
00:29:48After Green's murder,
00:29:49his runner,
00:29:50Gino Tropeano,
00:29:51began to talk about Dudich.
00:29:53He's been seen
00:29:54with Kenny Stabler
00:29:56at more than
00:29:58a dozen games,
00:29:59which was substantiated
00:30:00by the Raiders also.
00:30:02They said he used
00:30:02to take them to dinner
00:30:03and he was a good friend
00:30:04and that they never
00:30:05talked football.
00:30:07And I don't know
00:30:07why in the world
00:30:08a bookmaker
00:30:09would go out
00:30:09to dinner
00:30:10with football players
00:30:11after a game
00:30:11and not talk football.
00:30:13What else
00:30:13is there to talk about?
00:30:16The NFL
00:30:17asked Tropeano
00:30:18to take a lie detector test.
00:30:20Frontline did too
00:30:21and paid him a fee.
00:30:24Though the NFL's
00:30:25polygraph found
00:30:26Tropeano truthful,
00:30:27it chose to discount
00:30:28his story.
00:30:31Stabler has sued
00:30:33NBC News
00:30:34and the New York Times
00:30:35for their stories
00:30:36on his relationship
00:30:37with Dudich.
00:30:40Stabler's association
00:30:41with Dudich
00:30:41is not illegal,
00:30:42but it could violate
00:30:43the National Football League
00:30:45Constitution.
00:30:46Each year,
00:30:46the NFL warns
00:30:47all players
00:30:48to avoid gamblers
00:30:49out of fear
00:30:50that the gamblers
00:30:51might attempt
00:30:52to bribe players
00:30:53to influence
00:30:53the outcome
00:30:54of games.
00:30:55The league's
00:30:56investigation
00:30:57of Stabler
00:30:57began in March,
00:30:59three years
00:30:59after first complaints
00:31:00about him
00:31:01reached league officials.
00:31:03Has there ever been
00:31:04a case
00:31:05where the NFL's
00:31:06security force
00:31:07has done the investigation,
00:31:09found some wrongdoing
00:31:10with regard to
00:31:11association with gamblers,
00:31:12and then bring it
00:31:12to public attention
00:31:13first?
00:31:14You're talking
00:31:15about 23 years
00:31:16I've had this job.
00:31:17I can't...
00:31:19Could you name one
00:31:19maybe in the last
00:31:20five years
00:31:21or any one
00:31:22of the 23 years?
00:31:25I can't
00:31:26because I know
00:31:27what our normal policy
00:31:28is for player fines
00:31:31on the field.
00:31:32With regard to gambling,
00:31:33specifically with regard
00:31:34to gambling.
00:31:34I say we don't make
00:31:35them public.
00:31:36That is our normal policy
00:31:37unless they've come
00:31:38to public attention
00:31:39and it's important
00:31:39to clear an individual
00:31:41or to take some action.
00:31:42What I'm saying
00:31:43is each one of these
00:31:44is a subjective judgment.
00:31:46We do very much quietly
00:31:47if there's an association
00:31:48involved,
00:31:49we learn of it,
00:31:50we talk to the individual,
00:31:51whether it be an owner
00:31:52or a player.
00:31:52You could investigate
00:31:53the owners.
00:31:54Owners as well as players?
00:31:56Absolutely.
00:31:57You do a thorough
00:31:57background check?
00:31:58Our security department
00:32:00investigates all possible
00:32:02background on the individual
00:32:04coming in the league
00:32:04as an owner.
00:32:06They check the best
00:32:07of their knowledge
00:32:07on their associations,
00:32:10on their character,
00:32:11on their finances,
00:32:14if they are to become
00:32:15an owner in the league.
00:32:18No owner had more
00:32:19dubious associations
00:32:20than the late
00:32:21Carol Rosenblum.
00:32:23In the late 1950s,
00:32:25he invested in this
00:32:26Cuban casino.
00:32:30In those days,
00:32:32Cuba's dictator,
00:32:33Batista,
00:32:34had thrown his country
00:32:35open to mafia-run
00:32:36gambling interests.
00:32:39Batista welcomed
00:32:40Rosenblum's partners,
00:32:42men like Mike McCleney,
00:32:44a stock swindler
00:32:44and tax evader,
00:32:46and Lou Chesler,
00:32:47a sometimes associate
00:32:48of mobster Meyer Lansky.
00:32:52Rosenblum shared Chesler's
00:32:54passion for betting
00:32:54on football.
00:32:56He used to bet
00:32:57against his own team,
00:32:58the Baltimore Colts,
00:32:59and was even accused
00:33:00of fixing games
00:33:01by leaving key players
00:33:03at home.
00:33:04In 1972,
00:33:06Rosenblum sold the Colts
00:33:07and bought the L.A. Rams,
00:33:08but he continued
00:33:09to play with fire,
00:33:11placing huge bets
00:33:12with mafia-linked bookies.
00:33:14Well, he placed
00:33:14a big bet with us.
00:33:16Between Gil,
00:33:17Beckley,
00:33:18and Marty Scarloff,
00:33:18we had to lay it off
00:33:19all over the country.
00:33:21And I laid off
00:33:21200,000 of it,
00:33:22and Gil and Marty
00:33:23handled laying off
00:33:25the rest of it.
00:33:26It was a total
00:33:26of a million dollars.
00:33:29Rosenblum used
00:33:30a bag man
00:33:31to courier his illegal bets
00:33:32in and out
00:33:33of Las Vegas.
00:33:35Identical briefcases
00:33:36would be exchanged
00:33:37in front of a newsstand.
00:33:38Victor Weiss
00:33:44was the man
00:33:45who carried
00:33:45Rosenblum's cash
00:33:46and placed his bets.
00:33:48But one day,
00:33:50in this hotel parking lot,
00:33:51homicide detectives
00:33:52found him dead.
00:33:54He'd been shot
00:33:55in the head
00:33:55and bundled
00:33:56into the trunk
00:33:57of a red Rolls Royce.
00:33:59He had what appeared
00:34:01to be a close relationship
00:34:03with the Rams.
00:34:04He used to spend Sundays
00:34:06on the home games
00:34:07in the Rams' press box.
00:34:09If he's betting
00:34:10either for himself
00:34:11or for someone else,
00:34:12there are heavy wagers
00:34:14in the sports bookmaking,
00:34:16in particular,
00:34:17the NFL.
00:34:19The murder of Weiss
00:34:21prompted questions
00:34:22about Rosenblum's own death
00:34:23just two months earlier.
00:34:25This is Golden Beach
00:34:38in Florida.
00:34:41Every year,
00:34:42Carol Rosenblum
00:34:43would come here
00:34:44and every morning
00:34:45he would swim
00:34:46in the ocean
00:34:46until one day
00:34:48in April 1979,
00:34:51he drowned.
00:34:52his death
00:34:54still puzzles
00:34:55his son Steve.
00:34:56Here's a man
00:34:57that spent
00:34:58most of the 72 years
00:35:00in or around the water,
00:35:02in fact,
00:35:02had lived
00:35:03on that stretch of beach
00:35:04for about
00:35:06eight years or so
00:35:07and knew the
00:35:08ocean well.
00:35:11He knew
00:35:12undertows
00:35:14and the currents
00:35:15and could handle
00:35:17himself very well
00:35:18in the water.
00:35:18and I just
00:35:21don't recall him
00:35:22ever going
00:35:22into the water
00:35:23by himself.
00:35:26My own feeling
00:35:27is,
00:35:28with all these
00:35:29circumstances
00:35:30and questions
00:35:30still in my mind,
00:35:33I don't believe
00:35:34that his death
00:35:35was accidental.
00:35:37Gino Troppiano
00:35:37has heard the story
00:35:38that's common
00:35:39in criminal circles.
00:35:40I think he was
00:35:41more or less
00:35:42murdered.
00:35:43He was held
00:35:43underwater
00:35:44until he drowned.
00:35:44One morning
00:35:48when he went
00:35:49to the ocean
00:35:49to swim,
00:35:50there was a guy
00:35:51in a wetsuit
00:35:51that was down
00:35:52below him
00:35:53and he grabbed
00:35:53him by the ankles
00:35:54with his wetsuit
00:35:55so he couldn't
00:35:56go back up
00:35:57to breathe
00:35:58and held him
00:35:59underwater
00:35:59until he drowned.
00:36:01And they brought
00:36:01him ashore
00:36:02and a French-Canadian
00:36:04man was there
00:36:05and gave him
00:36:06mouth-to-mouth
00:36:07resuscitation
00:36:08to no avail
00:36:09and he's disappeared
00:36:10and the fellow
00:36:12that held him
00:36:13under has disappeared.
00:36:14The French-Canadian
00:36:21tourist did not
00:36:23try to revive
00:36:23Rosenblum
00:36:24but according
00:36:26to a police report
00:36:27he did swim out
00:36:28and try to save him.
00:36:32The report says
00:36:33that he failed
00:36:34to rescue
00:36:35the drowning man
00:36:36and that two policemen
00:36:37brought the body
00:36:38to shore.
00:36:39After that
00:36:45the tourist
00:36:45went home
00:36:46to Montreal.
00:36:47Frontline
00:36:48asked a private
00:36:49investigator
00:36:49to contact
00:36:50the witness
00:36:50and sent him
00:36:51a copy
00:36:52of the police report.
00:36:56The death
00:36:57was accidental
00:36:57according to
00:36:58the police report
00:36:59which names
00:37:00the witness
00:37:00as Raymond Tanguay.
00:37:05A detective
00:37:06in the Maltese
00:37:06for 24 years
00:37:07Eddie Noel
00:37:08verified
00:37:09that Tanguay
00:37:10has a completely
00:37:11clean police record.
00:37:12Then, on a snowy
00:37:19Canadian night
00:37:20Eddie Noel
00:37:21took us to meet
00:37:22Raymond Tanguay.
00:37:24Noel had already
00:37:26interviewed Tanguay
00:37:27extensively
00:37:27and found that
00:37:29his unique
00:37:29eyewitness account
00:37:30contains evidence
00:37:32that does not
00:37:33appear in the
00:37:33official version
00:37:34of events.
00:37:36It is important
00:37:36to remember
00:37:37that though
00:37:38the police
00:37:39arrived on the
00:37:39scene within
00:37:40minutes,
00:37:41Tanguay was
00:37:42the only person
00:37:43actually in the
00:37:44water and
00:37:45close to
00:37:45Rosenblum
00:37:46as he was
00:37:46drowning.
00:37:48Tanguay
00:37:48repeated his
00:37:49story about
00:37:50what he saw
00:37:51in the water.
00:37:53What did you
00:37:54see when you
00:37:54entered in the
00:37:55water?
00:37:57I saw
00:37:57Mr. Rosenblum
00:37:59who...
00:37:59He says
00:38:01that he saw
00:38:01Mr. Rosenblum
00:38:03out in the
00:38:04water and
00:38:04he was
00:38:04shouting
00:38:05for help.
00:38:10As he was
00:38:11going out
00:38:11there,
00:38:11he saw
00:38:12a black
00:38:13object
00:38:13in the
00:38:14water.
00:38:15When he
00:38:15saw this
00:38:15object,
00:38:16it was
00:38:16going in
00:38:17the opposite
00:38:17direction
00:38:17of the
00:38:18waves and
00:38:18it sort
00:38:18of crossed
00:38:19over.
00:38:19He only
00:38:19saw it
00:38:20once as
00:38:20if it
00:38:21went
00:38:22underwater,
00:38:22submerged
00:38:23and never
00:38:23came up
00:38:23again.
00:38:30Two men
00:38:30came out.
00:38:32They went
00:38:32into the
00:38:32water.
00:38:34The
00:38:34taller man
00:38:35of the
00:38:35two grabbed
00:38:36Mr. Rosenblum
00:38:37underneath the
00:38:38arms.
00:38:40The smaller
00:38:40one grabbed
00:38:42Mr. Rosenblum
00:38:43by the
00:38:44legs.
00:38:47By this
00:38:48time,
00:38:48Mr. Tange
00:38:49went over
00:38:50to assist
00:38:50them and
00:38:51one of them
00:38:52told him
00:38:52not to
00:38:53touch
00:38:53Mr. Rosenblum
00:38:54and to get
00:38:56away from
00:38:56there.
00:38:56They then
00:38:58dragged
00:38:59the body
00:39:00to shore
00:39:01and left
00:39:03them on
00:39:03the shore
00:39:03and the
00:39:05two that
00:39:05brought
00:39:06him in
00:39:06simply
00:39:07walked
00:39:07away
00:39:07and left
00:39:08the body
00:39:08on the
00:39:09shore.
00:39:09And the
00:39:10two
00:39:11times
00:39:11they
00:39:11started.
00:39:12He
00:39:13started.
00:39:14Carol Rosenblum
00:39:15His way
00:39:16of life
00:39:17raises
00:39:17questions
00:39:18about
00:39:18how he
00:39:19died.
00:39:22Rosenblum
00:39:22left
00:39:23some
00:39:23unfinished
00:39:23business
00:39:24behind
00:39:24him.
00:39:25According
00:39:26to a
00:39:26sworn
00:39:26deposition,
00:39:28Rosenblum
00:39:28and two
00:39:29other
00:39:29team
00:39:29owners
00:39:30had
00:39:30been
00:39:30scalping
00:39:31Super Bowl
00:39:32tickets
00:39:32for years.
00:39:35The year
00:39:36he died,
00:39:37the Rams
00:39:37had
00:39:3827,000
00:39:39Super Bowl
00:39:39tickets
00:39:40to sell.
00:39:42Rosenblum's
00:39:43widow,
00:39:43Georgia,
00:39:43has denied
00:39:44newspaper stories
00:39:45that she
00:39:46scalped
00:39:46any tickets.
00:39:50Nevertheless,
00:39:51Frontline
00:39:52has learned
00:39:52that the
00:39:53IRS
00:39:53is investigating
00:39:54the ticket
00:39:55scalping
00:39:55racket.
00:39:57IRS
00:39:58inquiries
00:39:58have centered
00:39:59on a
00:40:00Los Angeles
00:40:00hoodlum
00:40:01called
00:40:01Jack
00:40:01Katane.
00:40:02I've
00:40:02never met
00:40:03him,
00:40:03but I've
00:40:04talked to
00:40:04him on
00:40:04the phone.
00:40:06But he's
00:40:06involved in
00:40:07a lot of
00:40:08things,
00:40:09illegal
00:40:10activities
00:40:11in and
00:40:13around
00:40:13California
00:40:14and other
00:40:15parts of
00:40:16the country.
00:40:18Dear
00:40:18Jack,
00:40:18I spoke
00:40:19to your
00:40:19attorney this
00:40:20day.
00:40:21Attorney
00:40:21Tony
00:40:22Capozzola
00:40:22has been
00:40:23persuading
00:40:23Jack
00:40:24Katane
00:40:24to talk
00:40:25about the
00:40:25ticket
00:40:25scalping.
00:40:26And to
00:40:27admit in
00:40:27writing that
00:40:28he once
00:40:28threatened
00:40:29Capozzola's
00:40:29clients,
00:40:30Harold
00:40:31Guyver
00:40:31and Steve
00:40:32Rosenblum
00:40:32for talking
00:40:33about the
00:40:33scam.
00:40:35And Harold
00:40:36Guyver told
00:40:37me that
00:40:37Mr. Katane
00:40:38had made
00:40:38it very
00:40:39clear that
00:40:40it was not
00:40:41in his best
00:40:42interest to
00:40:43say one
00:40:44more thing
00:40:44about the
00:40:45ticket scalping
00:40:45or any
00:40:46other derogatory
00:40:47thing about
00:40:47the Rams.
00:40:48and in
00:40:49fact,
00:40:49not only
00:40:50Harold
00:40:50Guyver
00:40:51but Steve
00:40:51Rosenblum
00:40:52would be
00:40:54in some
00:40:54sort of
00:40:55jeopardy
00:40:55if they
00:40:55continued
00:40:56to say
00:40:56anything
00:40:57about
00:40:57that.
00:40:59Just
00:40:59consider
00:40:5910,000
00:41:00tickets for
00:41:01a Super
00:41:01Bowl.
00:41:02If those
00:41:03tickets are
00:41:03sold at
00:41:04$100
00:41:04over face
00:41:05value,
00:41:06there's
00:41:07$1 million
00:41:07in cash.
00:41:09stories about
00:41:12scalped
00:41:13Super Bowl
00:41:14tickets first
00:41:14surfaced in
00:41:151980.
00:41:17Katane's
00:41:17admission has
00:41:18never been
00:41:18reported,
00:41:19but Capozzola
00:41:20says he
00:41:21told Pete
00:41:21Rozelle
00:41:22nine months
00:41:23ago.
00:41:25Mr. Rozelle
00:41:25expressed his
00:41:26concern,
00:41:27said that he
00:41:27would like
00:41:29to know if
00:41:29the matter
00:41:30was not
00:41:31resolved,
00:41:32and that he
00:41:32planned to
00:41:33notify the
00:41:35appropriate
00:41:35people in
00:41:36the NFL
00:41:36security,
00:41:38etc.
00:41:38I never
00:41:40heard from
00:41:41anybody in
00:41:42the NFL.
00:41:44Commissioner
00:41:45Rozelle's
00:41:45job is not
00:41:46an easy
00:41:46one.
00:41:47Organized
00:41:48crime is
00:41:48always looking
00:41:49for associations.
00:41:51For a
00:41:51player, an
00:41:51association can
00:41:52be made
00:41:53over a
00:41:53drink at
00:41:53a bar.
00:41:55For a
00:41:55team owner,
00:41:56it could be
00:41:56through a
00:41:57business deal.
00:41:59Frontline has
00:41:59been examining
00:42:00a number of
00:42:01owner business
00:42:01associations.
00:42:03They are not
00:42:03illegal, they
00:42:04do not concern
00:42:05football teams,
00:42:06but they are
00:42:07of concern when
00:42:08we consider
00:42:08the NFL's
00:42:09own rule about
00:42:10questionable
00:42:10associations and
00:42:12how they can
00:42:13threaten the
00:42:13integrity of
00:42:14the game.
00:42:18Across the
00:42:19bay from San
00:42:20Francisco is
00:42:21Oakland Stadium,
00:42:22once the home
00:42:23of the Raiders.
00:42:29When the
00:42:30owner of the
00:42:30Raiders, Al
00:42:31Davis, decided
00:42:33to move his
00:42:33team to Los
00:42:34Angeles, there
00:42:35was a legal
00:42:36battle with
00:42:36Pete Rozell.
00:42:38We thought we
00:42:38had a strong
00:42:39case going in
00:42:40and we think
00:42:40that it came
00:42:41out that way
00:42:41in the evidence.
00:42:43I think we
00:42:43made a strong
00:42:44case on our
00:42:45own.
00:42:45During the
00:42:45legal preliminaries,
00:42:46much was learned
00:42:47about Al Davis'
00:42:48business connections.
00:42:50We made a
00:42:51strong case there.
00:42:52Davis had come
00:42:53to an attorney's
00:42:54office in San
00:42:55Mateo, California
00:42:56to make a
00:42:57long-sworn
00:42:57deposition.
00:43:00Frontline has
00:43:00obtained complete
00:43:01transcripts of
00:43:02that deposition.
00:43:05It details
00:43:06Davis' relationship
00:43:08with the casino
00:43:09owner, Alan
00:43:10Glick.
00:43:12At age 32,
00:43:14Glick bought
00:43:15himself four
00:43:15casinos in Las
00:43:16Vegas with the
00:43:17help of a $100
00:43:18million loan from
00:43:20the mafia-dominated
00:43:21Central States
00:43:22Teamsters Pension
00:43:23Fund.
00:43:23FBI wiretaps
00:43:29showed Glick to
00:43:30be little more
00:43:31than a frontman
00:43:32for mafia
00:43:33chieftains like
00:43:34Joey Iupa.
00:43:39An FBI
00:43:40affidavit says,
00:43:41quote,
00:43:42Alan R.
00:43:43Glick is merely
00:43:44a straw party
00:43:45controlled by the
00:43:46organized crime
00:43:47syndicate and
00:43:48designated by them
00:43:49to be the
00:43:50licensee on paper
00:43:51in the state of
00:43:52Nevada.
00:43:53From this
00:43:56office building
00:43:57in La Jolla,
00:43:58California,
00:43:59Glick concluded
00:43:59several real estate
00:44:01deals with Al
00:44:01Davis.
00:44:04But one of the
00:44:05partners suspected
00:44:06she'd been
00:44:07swindled by Glick.
00:44:08So Tamara Rand
00:44:10threatened to
00:44:10go to the FBI.
00:44:14Tamara Rand was
00:44:15a local
00:44:16businesswoman
00:44:16who we
00:44:18discovered on
00:44:19November 9,
00:44:201975,
00:44:21shot to death
00:44:21in the kitchen
00:44:22of her home
00:44:23in Mission Hill
00:44:23area of San
00:44:24Diego.
00:44:26We determined
00:44:27from our
00:44:27investigation that
00:44:28a weapon
00:44:29similar to this
00:44:31one was used
00:44:32as the death
00:44:33gun.
00:44:34Tamara Rand's
00:44:35killer had shot
00:44:36her once in the
00:44:36ear and three
00:44:38times in the
00:44:38mouth with a
00:44:39silenced 22-caliber
00:44:41pistol.
00:44:42From the type
00:44:42of gun that was
00:44:43used, we determined
00:44:45that this was a
00:44:46gangland-style
00:44:48execution murder.
00:44:50It was the Chicago
00:44:51family that killed
00:44:52her.
00:44:53Naturally, they were
00:44:53protecting their
00:44:54interests.
00:44:55They didn't want
00:44:55Glick to get
00:44:56dirtied up.
00:44:58And evidently,
00:44:59this Tamara Rand
00:45:00had a lot of
00:45:00information to give.
00:45:04So they killed
00:45:04her.
00:45:05Al Davis's
00:45:10partnership with
00:45:11Alan Glick has
00:45:11been criticized
00:45:12by Pete
00:45:13Roselle.
00:45:13Well, I don't
00:45:15really have that
00:45:15much respect for
00:45:16Pete Roselle,
00:45:17especially...
00:45:17But Davis has
00:45:18done nothing to
00:45:19sever the
00:45:19relationship.
00:45:21Tom Meckling
00:45:21founded the
00:45:22National Commission
00:45:23on Gambling
00:45:24Information.
00:45:25It's an anti-gambling
00:45:26pressure group.
00:45:27Meckling's research
00:45:28has led him to
00:45:29delve into the
00:45:30business backgrounds
00:45:31of a number of
00:45:32football team
00:45:32owners.
00:45:33He talked to us
00:45:34about Davis's
00:45:35dealings with
00:45:36Glick.
00:45:37The best deal
00:45:37that Glick ever
00:45:39made with Al
00:45:40Davis was to
00:45:41give him a
00:45:43one-quarter
00:45:44interest in a
00:45:46$25 million
00:45:47Teamster-funded
00:45:49shopping center,
00:45:5033 acres, 85
00:45:51stores, and so
00:45:53forth, for
00:45:54$5,000.
00:45:56One-quarter
00:45:57interest in a
00:45:57$25 million
00:45:58shopping center
00:46:00for $5,000.
00:46:01Mr. Glick
00:46:03has never been
00:46:03convicted of
00:46:04anything.
00:46:04Nonetheless,
00:46:05because of the
00:46:06Las Vegas
00:46:07casino connection
00:46:08and the
00:46:09intense federal
00:46:11investigation of
00:46:12him, I
00:46:14suggested to
00:46:15Al Davis
00:46:16it would be
00:46:17best if he
00:46:17divorced himself
00:46:18from a
00:46:18shopping mall
00:46:19that Mr. Glick
00:46:20was involved
00:46:21in, I think,
00:46:22in Oakland.
00:46:23But Al Davis
00:46:24has chosen to
00:46:25retain his
00:46:26association, to
00:46:27best of my
00:46:28knowledge, in
00:46:28this East
00:46:29Mall in
00:46:30Oakland.
00:46:32But Davis
00:46:33was by no
00:46:34means the
00:46:35only NFL
00:46:36member in
00:46:37business with
00:46:37Glick.
00:46:39Davis' sworn
00:46:40deposition lists
00:46:41a number of
00:46:42players.
00:46:46Quarterback
00:46:47John Hadle
00:46:47and receiver
00:46:48Lance
00:46:48Allworth were
00:46:49two of
00:46:5015 who
00:46:51were for a
00:46:51while enticed
00:46:52into dealing
00:46:53with Glick.
00:46:54According to
00:46:57the depositions,
00:46:58several coaches
00:46:59struck bargains
00:47:00with Glick.
00:47:02Don Shula
00:47:03was one.
00:47:06When he
00:47:07found out
00:47:07about Glick,
00:47:08he severed the
00:47:09connection.
00:47:10But several
00:47:11unnamed owners
00:47:12had also
00:47:13formed limited
00:47:14partnerships
00:47:15with Alan
00:47:16Glick.
00:47:16The American
00:47:20public is
00:47:21largely unaware
00:47:22that some
00:47:22football team
00:47:23owners have
00:47:24associations that
00:47:25might be frowned
00:47:26on in a
00:47:26player.
00:47:27Edward DeBartolo
00:47:34was considered
00:47:35an unsuitable
00:47:36owner by
00:47:37Major League
00:47:37Baseball.
00:47:38DeBartolo
00:47:39was turned
00:47:39down by
00:47:40Bowie Kuhn
00:47:41who was
00:47:41very sensitive
00:47:41as a
00:47:42commissioner
00:47:42of baseball
00:47:43to gambling
00:47:44interests,
00:47:45racetrack
00:47:46interests,
00:47:46and so forth.
00:47:47But the
00:47:47NFL allowed
00:47:48DeBartolo
00:47:49to buy
00:47:50the 49ers
00:47:50and turn
00:47:51it over
00:47:51to his
00:47:52son.
00:47:54Al Davis
00:47:55was paid
00:47:56a $100,000
00:47:57finder's
00:47:58fee.
00:48:00Strangely
00:48:01enough,
00:48:01since he
00:48:02swung four
00:48:02times and
00:48:03never made
00:48:04a connection
00:48:05with a
00:48:06Major League
00:48:06Baseball
00:48:07team,
00:48:07he was able
00:48:08to make
00:48:08a very
00:48:08quick
00:48:09connection
00:48:09to become
00:48:10the owner
00:48:10of the
00:48:11San Francisco
00:48:1249ers.
00:48:18San Diego
00:48:19is the
00:48:20home of
00:48:20the Chargers.
00:48:21The owner
00:48:22is Eugene
00:48:23Klein.
00:48:25Eugene
00:48:25Klein has
00:48:26owned many
00:48:26buildings and
00:48:27properties
00:48:28through the
00:48:28years.
00:48:29One of the
00:48:30strangest
00:48:30building places
00:48:31he had,
00:48:32along with
00:48:32some very
00:48:33strange people,
00:48:34was a
00:48:35small resort
00:48:36hotel in
00:48:37Acapulco,
00:48:37Mexico,
00:48:38called
00:48:38Acapulco
00:48:39Towers.
00:48:42Sidney
00:48:43Korshak was
00:48:43one of
00:48:44Klein's
00:48:44partners in
00:48:45the Acapulco
00:48:46venture.
00:48:47He started
00:48:47his career
00:48:48in Chicago,
00:48:49giving legal
00:48:49advice to a
00:48:50member of
00:48:51Al Capone's
00:48:51gang.
00:48:52Korshak's
00:48:59name has
00:48:59come up in
00:49:00more than
00:49:0020
00:49:01investigations
00:49:01into
00:49:02organized
00:49:03crime.
00:49:04Korshak,
00:49:05of course,
00:49:05is best
00:49:06known by the
00:49:06terminology of
00:49:07the California
00:49:08Attorney General's
00:49:09office that
00:49:10said he is
00:49:10really the
00:49:11switching point
00:49:12between big
00:49:12business and
00:49:13organized crime.
00:49:16Klein, the
00:49:17owner of
00:49:17the Chargers,
00:49:18was registered
00:49:19at the 21-room
00:49:20private hotel
00:49:21when police
00:49:22observed Meyer
00:49:23Lansky holding
00:49:23an underworld
00:49:24conference there.
00:49:25And it was
00:49:26there that
00:49:27Meyer Lansky
00:49:27chose to bring
00:49:29in his
00:49:29compadres,
00:49:30and the
00:49:31Illinois Bureau
00:49:32of Investigation,
00:49:33which is part of
00:49:33the surveillance
00:49:34team, called it
00:49:35a very sunny
00:49:36place for shady
00:49:37characters.
00:49:39Former
00:49:39Playboy
00:49:39executive Tony
00:49:40Roma.
00:49:41He was one
00:49:42of the shady
00:49:43characters enjoying
00:49:44the sun at
00:49:44Acapulco
00:49:45Towers with
00:49:46Meyer Lansky,
00:49:47in 1970.
00:49:50Roma has
00:49:51been in
00:49:51business with
00:49:52the owner
00:49:52of the
00:49:52Dallas Cowboys,
00:49:54Texas billionaire
00:49:55Clint
00:49:56Merkison.
00:49:57Roma and
00:49:58Merkison are
00:49:59partners in
00:49:59a number of
00:50:00businesses.
00:50:01We've got C.W.
00:50:02Merkison as
00:50:03president of
00:50:03this operation
00:50:05called Roma
00:50:06Lauderdale, Inc.,
00:50:07which runs
00:50:08Tony Roma's
00:50:09restors.
00:50:09We have Tony
00:50:10Roma as
00:50:10vice president.
00:50:12There is a
00:50:12whole file on
00:50:14Roma in the
00:50:15Senate Subcommittee
00:50:15on Permanent
00:50:16Investigations,
00:50:17the owner of
00:50:22the Cowboys
00:50:23also sought to
00:50:24do business
00:50:25with Mafia
00:50:26chieftain
00:50:26Carlos
00:50:28Marcello.
00:50:29Merkison has
00:50:30tried to make
00:50:30a number of
00:50:31deals with
00:50:32Marcello,
00:50:33one of which
00:50:34was to buy
00:50:35his big
00:50:36estate,
00:50:37another was to
00:50:38buy a bank
00:50:39that Marcello
00:50:40controls.
00:50:41For 30 years,
00:50:43Carlos Marcello
00:50:44has been the
00:50:45boss of the
00:50:45New Orleans
00:50:46underworld,
00:50:47though he
00:50:47claims to be
00:50:48nothing more
00:50:49than an
00:50:50innocent tomato
00:50:51salesman.
00:50:51To sell
00:50:52tomatoes?
00:50:54Well?
00:50:55Can you mention
00:50:56one person you
00:50:57sell tomatoes to?
00:50:59Sell, take the
00:51:00Fifth Amendment,
00:51:01one, because it
00:51:02may intend to
00:51:03incriminate.
00:51:10Marcello's
00:51:11influence stretches
00:51:12into every aspect of
00:51:13New Orleans' life.
00:51:15And in the past,
00:51:17that has included the
00:51:19football team.
00:51:19gamblers and bookies
00:51:22associated with
00:51:23Marcello drew the
00:51:24new, young owner
00:51:25of the Saints
00:51:26into a series of
00:51:27joint investments.
00:51:28Meekin is a
00:51:30very rich son
00:51:31and a very rich
00:51:32father who was
00:51:33given the franchise
00:51:34at the age of
00:51:3527.
00:51:36And then, almost
00:51:37immediately, got
00:51:38entwined with
00:51:38real estate deals.
00:51:40They all seemed to
00:51:40manage to get into
00:51:41real estate deals,
00:51:42which was being
00:51:43fronted by several
00:51:44people that were
00:51:45really Marcello's
00:51:47people.
00:51:48You make a
00:51:49statement,
00:51:49NFL Commissioner
00:51:50Pete Rozelle's
00:51:51reaction to
00:51:52disclosures of the
00:51:53nature you've just
00:51:54made, or typical
00:51:55Rozelle-esque.
00:51:57What does that
00:51:58mean?
00:51:58There seems to be a
00:51:59double standard
00:52:00operating in the
00:52:01National Football
00:52:01League.
00:52:02A commissioner is
00:52:03thought of as
00:52:03commissioner of all
00:52:04the league, the
00:52:05players, the fans,
00:52:06and the owners.
00:52:08But, frankly,
00:52:09Rozelle, who's been
00:52:12in the office a long
00:52:12time, was hand
00:52:13picked by Carol
00:52:14Rosenblum and
00:52:15others, and they
00:52:17can fire him at
00:52:17any time.
00:52:18And it seems like
00:52:19he constantly
00:52:20tilts for the
00:52:22interests of the
00:52:22owners.
00:52:23For example, he
00:52:24seems to look the
00:52:25other way when
00:52:26these funny
00:52:26associations in
00:52:27business and
00:52:28otherwise of his
00:52:29owners become.
00:52:31Lamar Hunt, who
00:52:31owns the Kansas
00:52:33City Chiefs, put it
00:52:35quite pointedly.
00:52:36He said, a
00:52:37commissioner can be
00:52:38fired.
00:52:38Do you ever feel
00:52:39there's a
00:52:40conflict of
00:52:40interest?
00:52:42Not as long as
00:52:43you have a
00:52:43long-term
00:52:44contract.
00:52:48Are you
00:52:48confident, as the
00:52:49NFL is currently
00:52:50constructed, you
00:52:51could investigate
00:52:52owners thoroughly
00:52:54with regard to
00:52:56association with
00:52:56gamblers?
00:52:57Oh, absolutely.
00:52:58Do you have the
00:52:59power to tell an
00:53:00owner to divest
00:53:01himself of a
00:53:02questionable property
00:53:03the same way you
00:53:03would a player?
00:53:04I don't have the
00:53:06power to force
00:53:08either to
00:53:09necessarily, but
00:53:10in extreme
00:53:11circumstances, I
00:53:12could test that
00:53:13power.
00:53:14It would probably
00:53:14mean a court
00:53:15case.
00:53:16Do you think it
00:53:16might be necessary
00:53:17at this time to
00:53:18get some outside
00:53:19help with regard to
00:53:20policing the game
00:53:21and gambling?
00:53:22Oh, I think it
00:53:24would be very
00:53:24difficult to, say,
00:53:26have a federal
00:53:26agency, which I
00:53:27assume is what
00:53:28you're suggesting,
00:53:29get involved in
00:53:30sports because it
00:53:31wouldn't just be
00:53:31the NFL.
00:53:32It would be
00:53:32basketball, hockey,
00:53:34baseball, and I
00:53:36think that we
00:53:37just have to
00:53:38enforce these
00:53:40things ourselves,
00:53:40and I don't see
00:53:41that a government
00:53:42agency could
00:53:43really help.
00:53:46More money will
00:53:47ride on this
00:53:48year's Super Bowl
00:53:49than ever before.
00:53:55If the NFL fails
00:53:57to enforce its
00:53:58own rules, the
00:54:00sport will be
00:54:00ripe for
00:54:01corruption because
00:54:03gamblers will do
00:54:03anything they can
00:54:04to get an inside
00:54:05edge.
00:54:07That is one
00:54:09sure bet.
00:54:10since Frontline
00:54:26interviewed Commissioner
00:54:27Rosell, two new
00:54:29allegations have been
00:54:30made.
00:54:30One, John Piazza's
00:54:32charge that he
00:54:32helped fix four games
00:54:34a year in 1968,
00:54:3669, and 70.
00:54:37Commissioner Rosell
00:54:38told me he never
00:54:39heard of John
00:54:40Piazza, and that
00:54:41to his knowledge
00:54:42there were no
00:54:42games fixed in
00:54:44that period.
00:54:45Two, as to ticket
00:54:46scalping, Commissioner
00:54:47Rosell told me
00:54:48Anthony Capazzola
00:54:50brought him no
00:54:50new information,
00:54:52but he would
00:54:52neither confirm
00:54:53nor deny that
00:54:54the NFL is
00:54:55currently investigating
00:54:56the scalping
00:54:57of Super Bowl
00:54:58tickets.
00:54:59As we prepared
00:55:00this Frontline
00:55:01investigation, we
00:55:02contacted NFL
00:55:03owners mentioned
00:55:04for their comments.
00:55:05Some did not
00:55:06respond.
00:55:07Davis of the
00:55:07Raiders,
00:55:08DeBartolo Jr.
00:55:09of the 49ers,
00:55:10Murchison of the
00:55:10Cowboys, and
00:55:11Fronteri of the
00:55:12Rams.
00:55:14A spokesman for
00:55:14Mecham of the
00:55:15Saints told Frontline
00:55:16that Mr. Mecham
00:55:17severed his business
00:55:18ties with a notorious
00:55:19gambler at the
00:55:21request of Pete
00:55:21Rosell, and that he
00:55:23had never knowingly
00:55:24done business with
00:55:25Marcello Associates.
00:55:27Klein of the
00:55:28Chargers spoke
00:55:29personally to
00:55:29Frontline.
00:55:30He told us he
00:55:31never knew the
00:55:32late Meyer Lansky.
00:55:33As to Sidney
00:55:34Korshack, he
00:55:35acknowledged Korshack
00:55:36had represented the
00:55:37team in one
00:55:38matter, but he
00:55:38said he did not
00:55:40know that Korshack
00:55:41was one of his
00:55:41limited partners in
00:55:42the Acapulco
00:55:43Towers.
00:55:45But this story as
00:55:46of tonight continues
00:55:47on other fronts.
00:55:48Art Modell, owner
00:55:49of the Cleveland
00:55:50Browns, is the
00:55:51subject of a
00:55:52four-part series that
00:55:53began yesterday in
00:55:54the Akron Beacon
00:55:55Journal, part two.
00:55:56It's on the
00:55:57newsstands today.
00:55:58Focuses on Mr.
00:55:59Modell's long
00:56:00history of gambling
00:56:01associations.
00:56:02Leonard Toast, the
00:56:04owner of the
00:56:04Philadelphia Eagles,
00:56:05announced last
00:56:06week he was
00:56:06considering selling
00:56:07part of the
00:56:08franchise and
00:56:09turning over part
00:56:10to his daughter.
00:56:11It was alleged
00:56:11this was due to
00:56:12heavy gambling
00:56:13losses.
00:56:14Toast told me that
00:56:15his losses at the
00:56:16Sands Hotel in
00:56:17Las Vegas were
00:56:18somewhere near a
00:56:19million dollars last
00:56:20year and his
00:56:21losses in New
00:56:21Jersey casinos in
00:56:23excess of that
00:56:23amount.
00:56:24But he told me his
00:56:25debts are paid and
00:56:26that the sale and
00:56:27transfer are for
00:56:28estate purposes only.
00:56:30Now, in all of
00:56:31these cases, we
00:56:32remind you, this
00:56:33is not a question
00:56:34of guilt by
00:56:35association, but
00:56:36rather whether
00:56:36questionable
00:56:37associations violate
00:56:39the NFL's own
00:56:41rules.
00:56:42As to illegal
00:56:43activities, a
00:56:44highly placed
00:56:45official in the
00:56:45Justice Department
00:56:46told me today that
00:56:48there are
00:56:48investigations into
00:56:49drugs, gambling,
00:56:51and pro-football.
00:56:52Now, the NFL, of
00:56:53course, is concerned
00:56:54about its own
00:56:55vulnerability, and
00:56:56Commissioner Rosell
00:56:57told me he has
00:56:58stepped up his
00:56:58vigilance on the
00:56:59sidelines.
00:57:00We will continue
00:57:02our investigation
00:57:03from the front
00:57:04lines.
00:57:05Next week, a
00:57:06story about
00:57:07unanswered
00:57:07questions on the
00:57:08role of the
00:57:09police in a
00:57:09famous, still
00:57:10unresolved gun
00:57:11battle.
00:57:12Four TV cameras
00:57:13recorded it in
00:57:1388 seconds.
00:57:15Five demonstrators
00:57:16against the Ku Klux
00:57:17Klan were killed
00:57:18in Greensboro,
00:57:19North Carolina.
00:57:20And now, three
00:57:21years later, new
00:57:22evidence suggests
00:57:23police knew there
00:57:24would be violence
00:57:24and did nothing to
00:57:26stop it.
00:57:27This program is
00:57:27called 88 Seconds
00:57:29in Greensboro.
00:57:30It is next week
00:57:31on Frontline.
00:57:33I'm Jessica
00:57:33Savage.
00:57:34pick Old
00:57:39Mitchell.
00:57:40.
00:57:40.
00:57:47.
00:57:47.
00:57:48.
00:57:52.
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00:59:09for over 100 years, providing worldwide business and personal insurance
00:59:13through independent agents and brokers.
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00:59:33the 3,500-million-year epic saga of the development of life on this planet.
00:59:39Join David Attenborough for Life on Earth, Sundays at 7 on your Channel 8.
00:59:44This is WDCN-TV Nashville, the public television station for Middle Tennessee and Southern Kentucky,
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00:59:56Certain portions of this program are adult in nature.
01:00:02Please use your own judgment about allowing young people to view it.
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