- 6 weeks ago
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00:00After a long gestation period of more than two billion years, suddenly 500 million years ago,
00:14there was an explosion of life in the sea, pulsating jellyfish, feathered stars.
00:21Then jet-propelled armored shells appeared, the ammonite and the nautilus, which ruled
00:26the seas long before the vertebrates. The nautilus alone survives today.
00:37For the sea's growing abundance, colonies of brilliant living coral became nurseries.
00:43Nature provided shelter for the hunted, and pastures of plenty for hunting. Rhythms and
00:48balance were maintained, and for many millions of years, the sea's environment encompassed
00:53all life. From the oceans, plants and animals gradually moved on to land. The last creature
01:00to appear was man.
01:02A newcomer by the geological calendar, man the achiever, gifted with hands and complex brain
01:17and voice for communication, began to manipulate the environment of all living creatures.
01:32Throughout coastal zones of the world, sea life is today in jeopardy. Coral communities
01:37now become dusty tombstones of what was once a cradle of creation.
01:50In a South Pacific lagoon, Captain Cousteau and his divers now explore how 500 million years
01:56of life tries to cope with the onslaught. Here, in what was once an underwater garden of Eden,
02:09the serpent of the sea may soon be the sole survivor.
02:13which in star trekkingetrack has moved the field of the sea'sriaoses of Deep Thule.
02:14The ocean bearsι ThusLook O control of the island of Desireia
02:22may still have lost customers like a decade altogether. The ocean bears erooooo
02:28the other actors of the sea, with the slayers'rolle bees which are low to ΠΠ΅ Territate
02:32ΒΆΒΆ
03:02The Coral Sea, here in the Pacific, called by Darwin the oldest of existing oceans,
03:20survive the most primitive forms of underwater life.
03:22To study these rarely observed bottom-dwelling creatures,
03:26Cousteau has commissioned the vessel Pilu-Pilu,
03:29now approaching the tropical island of New Caledonia.
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03:33First glimpse of Noumea, capital of this French overseas territory,
03:39reveals a tropical paradise of slag and debris.
03:48Coral heads, once underwater, have been pushed up by the dumping of slag
03:53from strip mining and mineral refining to die in the searing sun.
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03:58This industrialized area of the lagoon is being choked and destroyed.
04:08We wonder about the extent of the damage to the marine populations below,
04:12and especially to the almost legendary Nautilus,
04:15which has quietly survived hundreds of millions of years.
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04:20Cousteau divers will first assess damage done to the shallow bottom communities,
04:27a short distance from the concentrated contamination.
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04:30Here at the shoreline, two worlds meet, land and sea.
04:46These shallow waters serve as a refuge for burrowing shore animals
04:49and are accessible for foraging creatures from the bottom of the lagoon.
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04:54In this unique environment, one often overlooked,
05:01chief diver Dominique Soumyen will evaluate the impact of mining contamination.
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05:06The water in this cove is clear,
05:18but on the Andro Sea Desert, there is an apparent absence of life.
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05:22Suddenly, mysterious tracks of wandering marine animals.
05:41But where are the animals?
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05:45Summyen flushes a wheeled mutation.
05:52Is it fish or bird?
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05:54Then, on the mudflats, the water turns turbid,
06:02and Summyen discovers an intriguing series of burrowed holes.
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06:07What manner of life survives under this sediment?
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06:12The flat ocean plains provide no natural shelter.
06:17Evolution has produced animals who dig their homes in the soft bottom,
06:21pick them out for food at night, and retreat during daytime.
06:29How deep, how efficient is this underground architecture?
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06:33On the deck of Pilu-Pilu, a fast-setting plastic is prepared
06:46for use in a population density survey of the mudflat below.
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06:51Plastic will be poured into the underwater holes
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06:58to determine also what manner of shelter exists for the mysterious foragers.
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07:02The plastic, slightly heavier than seawater,
07:24will slowly sink into the holes, solidify and form a mold in the animals' burrows
07:30to reveal the structure of their hidden habitats.
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07:35Soon we find ourselves in a snowstorm under the sea,
07:57and the plastic flakes stick to our hair, our skin, our suits.
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08:03We will be obliged to wash the plastic out of our hair with paint remover,
08:23which, we will discover, is also skin remover.
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08:28But Philippe does not consider our miscalculations a joke.
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08:33He thinks only of the cost of the damaged suits and clogged diving gear.
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08:42The next phase of the operation will be to remove the plastic from the mud.
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08:50It is time to extract the quickly-setting plastic molds.
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09:00They will be blown free of silt by an improvised high-output water hose.
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09:05The hosing to free the molds also beneficially plows up food stored on the ocean floor
09:17and recharges the area with oxygen.
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09:22As they are uncovered, the molds display complicated shapes of strange beauty.
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09:39Philippe retrieves a mold of amazing form and proportions.
10:00It could be exhibited in a museum of modern art.
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10:09Under each square foot of bottom, there are two feet of tunnel.
10:13Obviously, there are many types of residents in this complicated maze
10:16of burrows, secret catacombs, and escape routes.
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10:21Here is proof that despite growing mineral deposits,
10:24under the mud, there still exists a considerable bottom community.
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10:34A mold city.
10:38The plastic forms have been turned upside down
10:41to graphically illustrate the weird realm below.
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10:46We would try to discover who are the hosts of this desolate seabed,
10:48and who are the hunters that make the lookouts and escape trenches necessary
11:03in these hidden habitats.
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11:06We would dive at night.
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11:17At nightfall, divers led by Philippe Cousteau
11:20get ready to explore and film the animal night shift below.
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11:26Diving at night in this lagoon is not particularly dangerous,
11:32but there is always a special mood on deck
11:35when we get ready for a night dive.
11:38Equipment is checked and double-checked.
11:43In a black world of uncertainty and limited vision,
11:46the prospect of discovery has a special flavor.
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12:00Still unknown is how severely marine life here
12:05has been affected by careless shore mining.
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12:11A lone stingray prowls at the bottom,
12:14undulates away from lights into the concealing gloom.
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12:21Tracks suggest that some unknown creature has passed here,
12:24seeking food or shelter.
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12:30The trail winds through a small school of goat fish
12:34slumbering in the mud.
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12:38There are goat-like whiskers or feelers
12:40used to sense and dig out their minute prey.
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12:56A marauding starfish covets a queen scallop.
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13:03By snapping shut her two valves,
13:05the scallop swims away by jet propulsion.
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13:14Evolution has engineered every conceivable survival skill.
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13:23A tiny octopus, whose ancestors gave up their shells millions of years ago,
13:27now seeks the security of an empty cockle shell
13:30to escape nocturnal flesh-eaters.
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13:34The infant waddles off, carrying with him his adopted home.
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13:40If an octopus is a little shrimp and threatened,
13:43he'll crawl into any shell and climb up.
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13:58From his hunting hole, a mantis shrimp discovers a diver.
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14:10Perhaps the boldest creature of the bottom community, he investigates.
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14:23The shrimp finds our diver inedible.
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14:38In the endless struggle for survival, strange partnerships form.
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14:43At this hole, a gobi, a small fish with good eyesight,
14:47stands guard while a nearly blind bulldozer shrimp builds their shared home.
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15:02Other desert dwellers devour their neighbors.
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15:06A deceptive animal that looks like a plant draws a fish to its mouth.
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15:29In this increasingly befouled environment, nighttime creepers suddenly emerge as if awakening
15:35from molding graves and forage under cover of night.
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15:45Sea mice move across the mudflats like a battalion of tanks, ravaging everything in their path,
15:52the dead, the dying, the contaminated.
15:58Toxins will concentrate in their bodies and they will pass them on to higher forms when
16:03they themselves are eaten.
16:10A sea snake.
16:12This survivor hunts in the halls of the hidden world.
16:16For the vulnerable residents, hiding is a way of life.
16:21Security is unknown.
16:28In nature's remorseless cycle, there are few natural deaths.
16:36Diver and snake confront each other on this barren battlefield of mineral dust.
16:52We would like to know more about this serpent, who ages ago returned from land to the ocean
16:59of his origin to prey on the tiny bottom dwellers.
17:05Sea now seems to thrive in this recently contaminated water world.
17:12Aboard the Pilu-Pilu, cameramen and crew rest under the tropical sun, which bathes and renews
17:35the coral sea.
17:46Land creatures from halfway around the world, they are obliged to change their clocks in
17:51order to dive at night.
17:53The only time they can observe the nocturnal residence of this endangered South Pacific lagoon.
17:58Destination is a strip mining area where the men will investigate damage to reef life as
18:05they make their way through treacherous coral heads.
18:08Sea snakes are sighted, rising to the surface.
18:18Some might say that according to legend, they have been drawn by the music of Praslan's guitar,
18:24while in fact they are air breathers and have come to the surface to replenish their oxygen
18:29supply.
18:33The divers descend to study these reptiles, first encountered on the mudflats at night.
18:39Information about the sea viper from local residents and fishermen has been fragmentary, laced
18:43with hearsay and folklore.
18:46To gather more detailed information about their habits, Cousteau's team initiates the use of
18:51a new underwater zoom lens camera.
19:02A sea snake swims defiantly under Sumian, then hunts for
19:31small prey, its forked tongue exploring for food.
19:38At last, the hunter has found a victim, which he slowly consumes.
19:45Worrying a rebreather, Sumian follows the sea snake as it surfaces to quickly refill its long,
19:50single lung.
19:52single lung.
19:53In a split second, the sea snake can inhale enough oxygen to sustain it for eight hours.
19:59In a split second, the sea snake can inhale enough oxygen to sustain it for eight hours.
20:06In a split second, the sea snake can inhale enough oxygen to sustain it for eight hours.
20:22thrusting with its paddle-like tail, the snake continues his search for food.
20:35Bulges in his body reveal successful hunting.
20:39Ruler of the reef, the serpent is ordinarily a solitary hunter.
20:48But this male is now joined by a female.
21:00During the mating season, sea snakes, like other species, appear to become even more aggressive toward intruders.
21:09During courtship and breeding, paired-off snakes intertwine sensually in the water.
21:23Legends about the snake abound.
21:26According to Plutarch, Alexander the Great was sired by one.
21:30Captain Cousteau would seek more reliable information about the sea snake
21:34and its proliferation in this area, from toxicologist Dr. Bruce W. Halstead.
21:39A team of calypso divers is exploring the lagoon all around the island of New Caledonia.
21:45And we are everywhere meeting many snakes, poisonous snakes from many varieties.
21:52And we suppose we are in the heart of poisonous snake country.
21:57Yes, I would say that you are.
21:59If we look at the total distribution of the sea snakes,
22:02we find that there's only one species, the yellow belly, that extends eastward to Panama.
22:08And then we pick up about 51 species here in the Indo-Pacific region,
22:13and many of these extend westward onto the Persian Gulf.
22:17But within the New Caledonia area, I would estimate that we have probably 30 to 40 species.
22:23Well, we meet so many snakes, probably more snakes than there ever was,
22:28because the fishermen from New Caledonia told us that they were more rare in the past.
22:33And I wonder if this has anything to do with the tremendous pollution
22:37due to industrialization of the island.
22:40Because the marine animals in the lagoon are stuffed, choked by deposits and poison.
22:47And the sea snakes breathe air.
22:50They have lungs, they don't have gills.
22:52So I wondered if they could not resist better and take advantage of it.
22:55I think that this has to do with the part of the overall marine environmental pollution picture today.
23:02Because we're finding that many different species, the more hardy ones,
23:08are tending to reproduce and become more abundant,
23:11while the more delicate forms are gradually disappearing.
23:15And possibly this is the picture that you're finding here in terms of the sea snake.
23:23Reports on sea snakes from islanders have misled Cousteau divers and cameramen,
23:28now preparing to collect and classify the various species here.
23:32According to these reports,
23:34the venomous reptiles are unable to open their mouths wide enough to inflict bites on humans.
23:39You'll notice that the jaws of this snake can be widely distended,
23:45so that they have no difficulty in circling a finger or a toe.
23:49Now the potency of the venom here is ten times that of the king cobra.
23:55So it's a very dangerous poison.
23:57It acts both on the nervous system,
23:59and it also tends to degenerate the muscles.
24:03Well, you know, we had a hard time trying to get the truth from the natives,
24:08because there is so much superstition going on.
24:10Well, it's because of this superstition that we do not have reliable data
24:15on what is really the incidence of sea snake poisoning.
24:19For example, if a pregnant woman talks about a sea snake,
24:24she feels that she may be bitten by one and die.
24:27If a fisherman talks about one,
24:29he knows these snakes may become very aggressive and kill him.
24:32In collecting sea snakes for study,
24:37if a diver makes one mistake, he could soon be dead.
24:43Our divers are cautious,
24:45but they underestimate the flexibility
24:48and the formidable weapons of this cobra of the sea.
24:57Fortunately this time,
24:59the snake's short fangs did not penetrate the divers' gloves,
25:03and the collecting continues.
25:15A snake may decide to withhold his venom.
25:17It is a capability peculiar to the sea serpent,
25:20which may allow it to conserve its lethal poison for a death struggle.
25:24The most dangerous face of capture
25:45is maneuvering the strong, supple reptile into the basket
25:49and closing the lid before the reluctant snake can strike.
25:53The end there was bairing the snake.
25:55Actually, not to be careful,
25:56but I dont have a Matthias adds to a mood.
25:57They lacked the calma第δΈomus
26:00of the deep conscience.
26:02The distance to the deep comet
26:03should be a Helen and Jessica λν΅λ Ή.
26:04The Zionist for the North Pole
26:06If he is so determined to escape, he must have a good reason, and we let him go his
26:35way as we go ours.
26:40Late in the afternoon, Pilu-Pilu continues down the New Caledonia Lagoon toward the reef
26:45below the strip mining area.
26:48Mountains, gouged and ravaged by machines for inexpensive high-grade ore.
26:55Plant cover has been destroyed, tropical rains have washed the red clay into the sea.
27:04Upon nightfall, Captain Cousteau and divers descend to the coral reef below to see how the reef
27:09and the life it supports are withstanding the onslaught.
27:12So, let's go!
27:13Let's go!
27:14Let's go!
27:15Let's go!
27:16Let's go!
27:17Let's go!
27:19Let's go!
27:21Let's go!
27:22Let's go!
27:23Let's go!
27:24Let's go!
27:25Let's go!
27:26In midwater, the darkness is suddenly spangled by segmented sea worms and undulating sea slugs
27:36In mid-water, the darkness is suddenly spangled by segmented sea worms and undulating sea slugs
27:53attracted to our lights.
27:56They are like serpentine streamers from New Year's Eve's past, darting from the darkness
28:02and engulfing us.
28:06It is a surprise along the way, a fascinating psychedelic display that gives no hint of
28:18what we may find below.
28:29Off the scarred shores of New Caledonia, Captain Cousteau descends to the coral reef adjacent
28:35to the mining area above.
28:37What is a dumping ground to some is a home to others.
28:48Here, the corpses of sponges, plants, corals, fettled to the ocean floor, unable to flee, they
29:00lie suffocated and buried.
29:02Mineral deposits blanket the bottom, toxic even for the almost indestructible sea cucumber,
29:04grabbing through this graveyard.
29:06grubbing through this graveyard.
29:07grubbing through the graveyard.
29:09flee, they lie suffocated and buried.
29:25Mineral deposits blanket the bottom, toxic even for the almost indestructible sea cucumber
29:32scrubbing through this graveyard.
29:53The miraculous cradle of life has been demeaned to a disposal system, but above the surface
30:00and under the water, it is one world and it is vulnerable everywhere.
30:21The dive continues in deeper waters.
30:30The more sophisticated forms, the reef fishes that could escape their environment, still
30:35hover near home.
30:42What he lost to the world would be the zebra surgeonfish.
30:45He searches for food through this silt trap that was once a garden of living coal.
30:56Waste particles on top also take their toll on the bottom by cutting off the sunlight vital
31:03to the cycle of life.
31:10So, let's pray.
31:11Let's pray.
31:12Let's pray.
31:13Let's pray.
31:14Let's pray.
31:15Let's pray.
31:22Let's pray.
31:28Let's pray.
31:36Over the ages, in their drive to live, creatures have developed remarkable defenses.
31:56Here, a parrotfish has spun a translucent, poisonous cocoon to keep out predators while
32:02he sleeps.
32:06With its strong jaws, the parrotfish chews living coral.
32:14After ingesting the nutrients, it spits out sand, thus manufacturing shelter for burrowing
32:19animals.
32:30But when all the coral is gone, where goes the parrotfish?
32:36This suspension feeder, a plant-like animal, collects and draws to its mouth whatever filters
32:48down from above.
32:49An associated little fish gobbles up the leavings.
32:57This exotic resident of these quiet coral sand bottoms, licking its tentacles of poisons
33:03as well as nutrients, may disappear from the sea.
33:07As throughout the world, man-made changes in landforms contribute to the downfall of our marine
33:13ecosystem.
33:16The lazy, squirting sea hare, expert in chemical warfare.
33:29His defensive purple cloud keeps off his natural enemies, but gives him no protection against
33:43the heavy toxic metals as he scrounges along the bottom.
33:47We meet an old friend, the octopus.
33:55He changes color in a blink.
34:02But how long can this master of the art of camouflage survive here until the time men of conscience come
34:09to the aid of their partners in the sea?
34:21Cousteau and the cameraman dive to a still deeper shelf along the outer reef.
34:28In between two worlds, ours and the abyssal depths, a solitary Nautilus has come up to feed.
34:43We can scarcely believe it.
34:45Here is the object of our original quest.
34:48The elusive survivor of hundreds of millions of years beneath the sea.
34:53Shy of light, it turns away from us and swings rhythmically towards its secret home in the depths.
35:02Studied mostly in shell and fossil form, here at last in the wild is the living animal, a living fossil.
35:11We have an appointment with him.
35:18On one of Caledonia's coral islands, Captain Cousteau searches for Nautilus shells.
35:23With the most notable of Nautilus authorities, Dr. Anna Bitter of the University of Cambridge.
35:32We find a dwelling of unsurpassed beauty.
35:39While growing in size, the living Nautilus moved from chamber to chamber and built this graceful coral.
35:48We look upon millions of years of engineering perfection.
35:52The expedition moves back to the deep waters of the outer reef.
35:56The shell found on the beach undoubtedly drifted in from these shoals.
36:01The meeting between Nautilus and man is only possible at a special point in depth and time.
36:07After nightfall, the Nautilus comes up from unknown depths of perhaps 2,000 feet.
36:13But he never voluntarily swims higher than 125 feet.
36:18In our descent, we must meet the Nautilus within our diving limit of 200 feet.
36:27It is a chancey meeting at best.
36:39Captain Cousteau leads the dive, down to the first shelf and then beyond.
36:44Here at the edge of open sea, the waters seem to have remained almost pollution free.
36:50A giant grouper balefully surveys the approaching divers, then moves on.
37:04The descent continues, and then out of the gloom, a Nautilus appears.
37:20A Nautilus in his natural environment.
37:39Fascinated, I watch him pulse his jet, as he has done since 500 million years, unchanged,
37:54while other species evolved around him.
38:06The Nautilus is again affected by the lights, and attempts to retreat.
38:13In flight, he moves toward Cousteau.
38:27When he is manipulated to change his direction, the Nautilus persists in reversing his field,
38:32and keeps heading toward the depths, displaying an uncanny sense of direction.
38:57A cousin of the octopus, the Nautilus propels itself with a flap-like funnel.
39:02Two of the animals will be collected for further observation by Cousteau and Dr. Bitter in the ship's aquarium.
39:09You know, Dr. Bitter, for us European divers, these animals are more or less fabulous.
39:17We have been dreaming about them in Mount Philippians.
39:19We knew they existed, but we had never seen them, because they live so far away from Europe.
39:25And also, they seem to be from another age. Aren't they a little bit of that?
39:32Indeed, yes, I have your feeling too, when I came across the world to look at them.
39:37I felt I was looking at a living fossil, and indeed that is what we are looking at, aren't we?
39:42Here, these unchanged, virtually unchanged, since the chalk was laid down.
39:50You have shells of Nautilus from those days, not different from these.
39:56That's how many million years?
39:57Oh, don't ask me that.
39:59It's a lot of million years.
40:00It's a lot of million years.
40:01We hadn't watched them, we hadn't looked at them, we hadn't had the chance of seeing.
40:05Because they are, it's rare to get some alive.
40:09You look at this strange, impersonal eye, and you wonder what image it can give the animal,
40:16and what the animal can understand from that image, and we just don't know.
40:22The chambered Nautilus shell found on the beach by Cousteau and Dr. Bitter has been cut in half,
40:27and we see the outer chamber which once housed the living animal.
40:31We can see everything.
40:32We can see the chambers, each one a sealed compartment, and running through this tube,
40:40which is chalky as far as we can see, but inside, you see the little hole here,
40:46that is, from the animal, a tube of living animal going right through.
40:51And it is by that tube of living animal, the buoyancy is controlled.
40:56By pumping water in, they compress the gas and make the thing just a little heavier.
41:01By withdrawing liquid, they let the gas expand and give it the extra buoyancy.
41:10As night again descends on the outer reef, new equipment is checked for a special Nautilus dive.
41:15Philippe Cousteau adjusts the lens of a new invention for observation in near darkness, the light multiplying owl eye.
41:27In a test, it is aimed at the lighthouse at the entrance of Noumea Pass, and then ship's lights are turned out.
41:34In the dark of the moon, the lighthouse is revealed, and the owl eye amplifies 10,000 times the light of the beacon.
41:46It will now be used to observe the Nautilus without bright lights, so as not to disturb the animal's behavior.
41:53The owl eye is used in almost complete darkness for undetected observation.
42:06Accompanying lights will be turned on only for photography.
42:12We surprise a giant spiny lobster roaming the reef, making its living at night.
42:23The lobster brings us luck.
42:27As we follow it with our lights, not one, but two Nautiluses are suddenly discovered.
42:35For the moment, the owl eye is not needed.
42:39Then the Nautiluses separate.
42:41They are fleeing the lights.
42:43Slow moving, but controlling its vertical motion with built-in ballast tanks,
42:48the Nautilus is a sort of living bathyscap.
42:51It can descend to 2,000 feet without its shell being crushed,
42:55and it can rise and sink at will.
43:09I now observe the Nautilus with the owl eye.
43:12Direct light removed, the animal swims normally, rhythmically.
43:16The visor above its eyes reminds us of the helmeted knights of old.
43:25The Nautilus swims directly over us, unafraid, and is again joined by its partner.
43:31Another Nautilus is discovered making off with a fish.
43:46Through independent nervous controls, tentacles surrounding the mouth operate in specialized sets.
43:52One outer set tells the animal about the world around it.
43:55The middle set smells and finds food, and then enwraps the prey.
44:00Inner hidden tentacles take the food from these and draw it to the mouth,
44:04where the Nautilus, like the octopus, bites its food into bits with its black parrot-like beak.
44:09We now find our two Nautiluses in mating embrace, an act of their life never before observed in the wild,
44:27but certainly occurring in the dark depths these many millions of years.
44:33It somehow brings into pathetic focus what is now imperiled.
44:37500 million years of heartbeats beneath the sea.
44:42The nuptials are attended by many small crustaceans attracted to our light.
44:50The wedding of the Nautilus is an instinctive promise of continuance,
44:55but pollutants carried by currents know no boundaries in the oceans of the world.
45:07The mated female now returns to the depths.
45:09No one knows where she lays her eggs or where the young grow.
45:14No living juvenile Nautilus has ever been found.
45:18Perhaps the less we know about the Nautilus, the greater its chances
45:23in this age of growing appetite for short-sighted gains.
45:27There is demand for the beautiful rare shell.
45:31If man knew better how and where to catch the Nautilus,
45:35there would be no future for this living fossil.
45:37This riddle of the sea.
45:40Who now whirls through a Milky Way of colliding creatures
45:44to the temporary security of depth and darkness.
45:48In the reflective calm of the Coral Sea, 85 miles from the underwater wastelands created by the encroachment of man,
45:57Philippe Cousteau embarks on an aerial reconnaissance.
45:58Philippe Cousteau embarks on an aerial reconnaissance.
46:02Work in the New Caledonia lagoon with the Nautilus,
46:03and with the endangered bottom dwellers of the Nautilus,
46:04the Nautilus, the Nautilus, the Nautilus, the Nautilus, the Nautilus, the Nautilus.
46:05In the reflective calm of the Coral Sea, 85 miles from the underwater wastelands created by the encroachment of man,
46:14Philippe Cousteau embarks on an aerial reconnaissance.
46:16Work in the New Caledonia lagoon with the Nautilus and with the endangered bottom dwellers of the contaminated reef has been completed.
46:33Here it is a relief to look down upon unspoiled coral outcroppings,
46:40waters clear and pure.
46:54Beneath the sunlit surface of our healthy coral,
46:57our divers enjoy swimming once more in harmony with teeming schools of fish.
47:04Science has all the answers to keep the waters of the world clean.
47:09We all know that upon man depends the fate of our troubled oceans and of our planet.
47:15And it is in the oceans that lies the fate of man and of all living creatures.
47:27Here you can see a bit of wildlife,
47:32of the river,
47:48since the hills when he looks to the sea,
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