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euronews (in Italiano)
  • 4 mesi fa
L’UE riuscirà ad attuare la nuova legge sulla libertà di stampa?

La libertà di stampa è un pilastro della democrazia, ma è in declino in diversi Stati membri dell’UE. Da agosto i governi sono tenuti ad applicare integralmente il regolamento sulla libertà dei media, ma alcuni di essi si oppongono al primo regolamento dell’UE in materia di stampa.

ALTRE INFORMAZIONI : http://it.euronews.com/2025/09/02/lue-riuscira-ad-attuare-la-nuova-legge-sulla-liberta-di-stampa

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00:00Musica
00:02Press freedom is a pillar of democracy but has been declined in several EU countries.
00:20To address this, the bloc has introduced the Media Freedom Act, which applies to the countries since August.
00:27Some governments are resisting the first-ever EU regulation related to the press.
00:33EU Decoded looks into it.
00:36The new rules aim to protect the editorial independence of journalists as well as their sources,
00:42including against the use of spyware.
00:44There are also provisions to ensure the independence of public service media from state interference
00:49and to enhance transparency of media ownership.
00:52The regulation includes guidelines to protect against the unjustified removal of online content produced by media outlets.
01:00This applies to major platforms such as Google, YouTube and social media apps.
01:05The European Parliament broadly supported the law approved last year and some governments have begun adopting their national laws.
01:14But recently, members of that parliament warned that some countries are resisting its implementation.
01:21Let's hear what Europeans think about greater press protection.
01:25The most important thing is that it is, because the public law doesn't exist,
01:28but it should not be a matter of public service, but it is not a matter of public service.
01:33The most important thing is that it is not a democracy without any democracy without any of that.
01:37If it is the political force, it is not a democracy without any of that.
01:40Euronews reporter Shando Jiruz
02:09will help us better understand this legislation.
02:13Signs of declining media freedom was the argument used in 2021 by the European Commission
02:20for the need of an European law on this matter.
02:24Can you give us some examples, particularly affecting investigative journalism?
02:29At the end of the last decade, two investigative journalists have been killed,
02:34Jan Kuciak in Slovakia and Daphne Korana Galicia in Malta.
02:39And this was a wake-up call for the European Union that the media freedom was in danger.
02:46But this was only the tip of the iceberg because the Commission saw that media freedom is declining
02:52in almost all of the member states because of political pressure,
02:57because of business interests and because of spyware being used against journalists.
03:03Let's talk about those cases of spyware against journalists.
03:08What happened and how can this law address those issues?
03:13Well, the most serious breaches have been recorded in Poland and in Hungary,
03:18where opposition figures, investigative journalists have been targeted by spyware.
03:25They hacked their phones.
03:26And this was clearly for political reasons.
03:30There have been cases also in Greece and in Spain,
03:34but those cases have not been a systemic risk against the opposition and against journalists.
03:40Now the new law says that spyware can be only used against journalists
03:46when there is a threat for the national security.
03:49Otherwise, this is forbidden.
03:50In a recent debate in the European Parliament about this law,
03:54three hard-right political groups said, and I quote,
03:58this is a censorship tool used by Brussels to silence divergent voices.
04:03Which countries are more likely to resist the implementation of the law?
04:08Well, we surely see a problem in Hungary,
04:11where we have a very hard-right government
04:13who is heavily influencing media and distorting the media market.
04:18What might change is also depends on, you know,
04:22how each and every member state applies this law
04:25and how the European Commission will put pressure on the member states
04:30to really take this law seriously.
04:33The 2025 Rule of Law report from the European Commission
04:37warns of deteriorating conditions for journalists in several countries,
04:41smear campaigns by politicians,
04:44and growing risks from highly concentrated media ownership.
04:48Going into details,
04:49the Commission highlights concerns about journalists' safety in Bulgaria and Malta.
04:54The report points out that political pressure,
04:56including the distribution of state advertising,
04:59is a serious concern in Hungary and Romania.
05:02Media ownership lacks transparency chiefly in Bulgaria,
05:06Chechia, Netherlands, Cyprus, and Spain.
05:09The report cites issues with independent regulation
05:12in Hungary, Greece, and Poland.
05:16Our guest is Julie Marzerzak,
05:18head of Brussels Office of Reporters Without Borders.
05:22Should the European Commission open infringement proceedings
05:27that could even lead to sanctions
05:30against member states that resist implementing this new law?
05:35Member states have had more than a year
05:39to update their national laws,
05:41but most of them haven't yet done it.
05:45So, yes, I think it is time for the Commission
05:49to show its determination
05:52and, if necessary,
05:54to initiate proceeding against the most recalcitrant government.
06:00It's a test of credibility.
06:02Social media and the use of generative artificial intelligence,
06:08including in posts by political and business actors themselves,
06:14are increasingly defined the way people get news.
06:18So, isn't this law weak in addressing the problem
06:22of misinformation through those channels?
06:25There is one article in the MFA
06:28which supplements the Digital Services Act,
06:33but this doesn't solve the main problem,
06:36which is how social networks and their algorithm work
06:42by promoting, polarizing, divisive, shocking content,
06:48amplifying disinformation,
06:50and marginalizing reliable media content.
06:53Concentration of media ownership
06:56in a few big corporations is increasing.
07:00What are the main risks of that
07:02and does this law address those risks?
07:05The EMFA introduces a new way to look at mergers.
07:10The assessment of mergers
07:12will have to take into account a number of criteria,
07:15such as the expected effect on pluralism
07:20and the party's interest in other media sectors,
07:25the economic viability
07:27and the party's commitments to editorial independence.
07:31The European Federation of Journalists
07:34stated that influencers and bloggers
07:37that follow the ethical rules of journalism
07:39should be considered media service providers.
07:42Others argue that this could lead to abuse of a law
07:45designed for controlled and recognized media outlets.
07:50The future seems somehow misty
07:52for the media sector and the law intended to protect it.
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