- 7 months ago
The documentary L. E. Hudec tells the life story of this European architect. As well as offering a fresh perspective on how people from diverse ethnic groups and cultures in Shanghai bridged the gaps between them, achieved mutual success, and created iconic works using new technologies during the interwar period, it also conveys an enduring message: "Civilizations thrive and become richer through exchange and mutual learning."
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LifestyleTranscript
00:00Thank you for listening.
00:30Thank you for listening.
01:00Thank you for listening.
01:30I hope people like my building in a hundred years as much as I like the Park Hotel.
02:34The academic journal sponsored by the Shanghai Architectural Association features a wealth of photographs and drawings documenting significant domestic and foreign architecture from the 1920s and 1930s.
02:48This photo likely captures the initial stages of Park Hotel's construction.
03:06Though the towering steel frames may not resemble a skyscraper yet, the description at the bottom margin highlights the key stakeholders in the building's construction.
03:16The investor, Joint Savings Society.
03:21The contractor, Vauquay Construction Company.
03:25And the architect, Hudek.
03:27In 1930, the Joint Savings Society acquired over 1,800 square meters of land at the corner of Park Road, facing the race club.
03:38Initially, the Society had no plans to open a hotel, but intended to construct a building with some floors designated for offices and the remainder rented out as apartments.
03:50However, Hudek had other ideas, writing a letter to advise the society to forego the construction of low-rise apartments and build a high-rise hotel instead.
04:02The
04:32This is my handwriting.
04:39I looked at, through the material,
04:41which there were lots of newspaper cuttings,
04:45and the majority of them were about the park hotel.
04:49There was a competition, clearly, for height.
04:52These are the buildings on the Bund here.
04:54They've got measurements here.
04:56But here's the hotel.
04:57Here he's measuring all the buildings
05:00because he wanted to build the tallest.
05:04These old archives record Hudek's ambition
05:07to aim for new heights.
05:10He meticulously compared the heights
05:12of each high-rise building on the bend.
05:15By 1930, Shanghai,
05:17with a population exceeding 3 million,
05:20had become the largest city in East Asia.
05:23Yet it lacked skyscrapers.
05:26The building's most important is
05:27from the beginning,
05:28using space to change your lifestyle.
05:33And at the same time,
05:35it changed the way you look at the world's values.
05:39Once you get to the high-rise building,
05:41you feel that the world is in the middle of the world.
05:43You feel that the world is in the middle of the building.
05:45You feel that the world is in the middle of the building.
05:47You feel that the world is in the middle of the building.
05:49The client eventually adopted Hudek's proposal
05:52for a high-rise hotel.
05:55On the one hand,
05:57Hudek's prior success in designing and supervising
06:00the project of the society's union building in 1926
06:04gained favor with the client.
06:06On the other hand,
06:07Hudek carefully studied newly-built skyscrapers
06:11during his travels
06:12to cities like New York and Chicago in 1929,
06:15which provided him with valuable inspiration for design concepts
06:20and engineering technologies.
06:27Despite receiving approval from the client,
06:30Hudek encountered new challenges.
06:32The Municipal Council,
06:34responsible for overseeing the concession's construction,
06:37rejected his plan due to concerns about the risk of subsidence
06:42associated with erecting high-rise buildings
06:45on Shanghai's Soft Soil Foundation.
06:49We all know that Shanghai is a coastal city.
06:52The bottom of the sea is basically a soil.
06:56If you look at the soil,
06:58it's about 200 or 300 meters.
07:00If you look at the high-rise buildings,
07:03you need to be able to use the technology.
07:05You need to be able to use the technology.
07:08On August 21, 1931,
07:12under the supervision of experts from the Municipal Council,
07:16Tongji University's College of Civil Engineering
07:19conducted a dual permeability investigation
07:22on the Park Hotel's foundation.
07:25Data indicated that for a building 100 meters tall,
07:29underground piles needed to be 30 to 33 meters long
07:33to ensure stability.
07:35The design of the design is that the surface is 100mm
07:39with the 1 3 width of the surface of the surface of the surface.
07:41So 33mm to be our base for the base.
07:434-2 inches of base.
07:45When you cut the surface of the surface, the surface is very soft.
07:50The surface of the surface is very soft.
07:52The surface is so firm.
07:57At the same time, the surface is a strong surface surface.
08:00The surface is so high.
08:02So in such a suitable situation,
08:06it ensures that the first high level of the top of the top
08:09in the long-term driving situation,
08:11to reduce the pressure and maintain a very stable.
08:14To lighten the building's weight,
08:16Hudek chose high-strength alloy steel
08:19containing copper and chromium from Germany.
08:22This new material, Alloy 52,
08:25had been patented just two years before
08:27and was being used in the East for the very first time.
08:31Posing a significant challenge for the contractor,
08:34Vo-Key Construction Company.
08:37After the construction company,
08:40Hudak also had three options.
08:42You have to have a strong-power management team.
08:46In this situation,
08:49Thao Guilin, according to my understanding,
08:51has been sent to Hong Kong from东北,
08:54and has been sent to Hong Kong.
08:57This is what Thao Guilin sent to my parents,
09:01and has been sent to Hong Kong.
09:04Jin Wei Xian, born in 1951,
09:07is the youngest son of Jin Fu Lin,
09:09the engineering director of Vo-Key Construction Company.
09:13Yet by the time his father passed away in 1976,
09:16he knew very little about his father's past.
09:19Even though we are two-year-old people,
09:22it seems like we are two-year-old people,
09:24it is less than the understanding of his father's past.
09:32Jin Fu Lin's grandson, Qian Jian,
09:34is the only member of the family involved
09:37in the construction industry.
09:39He shares a keen interest in his grandfather's legacy.
09:43This is the first-year-old government.
09:45This is the first-year-old government.
09:53Can you introduce yourself to the fills?
09:56What are the details?
09:57He was the first-year-old president.
10:01And the first-year-old president.
10:05It should be the purpose of the project's purpose and the purpose of the project.
10:11It should be very clear.
10:13It is mainly to control the工期, the施工 method and the施工 management.
10:19We built the building of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city.
10:37The situation is that the square of 80gm2 was reached by 350gm2.
10:45for you when the Park Hotel rose into the sky it arrested the attention of a
10:53young man from Suzhou who'd come to Shanghai to study he simply marveled at
10:59humanity's ability to reach such heights this young man later pursued
11:06architecture studies in the US ultimately becoming the world's most
11:10renowned Chinese architect Yeo Ming Pei
11:40in the end the 22 above ground floors of the completed Park Hotel soared to a
11:45staggering 83.8 meters its status as Asia's tallest building was secure
11:52meanwhile below ground two floors housed the vault of the Joint Savings Society
11:58boasting 3,433 safety deposit boxes marking it out as East Asia's largest vault on
12:06December 1st 1934 the China Press one of China's most widely circulated
12:13newspapers at the time published a 28 page supplement titled the best hotel in East
12:20Asia unveils today this event marked the pinnacle of Hudek and his team's
12:26careers Hudek's later described it in his autobiography this was the most
12:32interesting period in my architectural career in Shanghai during this period I
12:37designed the tallest building in East Asia a 22-story structure situated on
12:43Shanghai's marshland in November 1950 the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Land
12:49Administration responsible for urban surveying established the city's urban
12:54planar coordinate system with the flagpole at the top center of the Park Hotel as the
12:59origin for over 70 years this has served as the reference point for every major
13:04urban infrastructure project in Shanghai in the 1930s Shanghai emerged as trendiest
13:13and most lively city in all East Asia in fact it was a city so cutting-edge that
13:19the latest Hollywood films would premiere in the city just a week after their
13:24initial release such was the city's enthusiasm for the silver screen that the
13:29years between 1928 and 1932 saw the opening of 28 cinemas some of which were
13:35designed by Hudek our link link banian da guang ming chingo is it's a
13:41big model we show it's a big shot for dollar jingliang de run ta hui fudal yu
13:46san sanian time mode the shoulder you young professor Tang wagee of Tongji
13:51University arranges a film themed city walk class for master's students in art this
13:57class enable students to grasp the connection between shanghai's cinematic
14:01heritage and the spatial layouts of its theaters
14:04the grand theater which opened in 1933 was actually a reconstruction project by hudeck
14:11the grand theater which opened in 1933 was actually a reconstruction project by hudeck
14:19its inaugural opening took place on december 23rd 1928 marked by peking opera master mei lanfang cutting the ribbon but its success was short-lived
14:26in 1930 the screening of the american film
14:33the american film film welcome danger containing derogatory content by hudeck the grand theater which opened in 1933 was actually a reconstruction project by hudeck
14:39its inaugural opening took place on december 23rd 1928 marked by peking opera master mei lanfang cutting the ribbon
14:45but its success was short-lived in 1930 the screening of the american film welcome danger containing derogatory content towards china
14:56sparked public outrage leading to a boycott and the theater's closure subsequently the united film company managed by british chinese lu gun
15:04acquired the land with plans to demolish the old theater and construct a new one
15:11both the new owner and hudeck shared the ambition of erecting the largest cinema in east asia on the existing cramped site
15:22were it not for the renovation of the grand theater 70 years later it might prove difficult to understand the challenges hudeck faced
15:33at the time
15:38jangming in her 90s is a disciple of the chinese ancient architecture expert liu dunzhen
15:45at 66 she founded her architectural design firm
15:49since then she has led the preservation and renovation of historical landmarks like the normandy apartments
15:55shanghai concert hall and the grand theater
15:59when lin yun interned at jangming's firm in 2004 the first project he participated in was the renovation of the grand theater
16:06his works of the grand theater
16:08jangami's hidden down marshal
16:13jangami's and is a big deal
16:14jangami's apartment
16:15jangami's and is a good thing
16:17the other is just I'll say
16:19jangami's living and or so
16:21theyui young
16:22jangami's
16:23jangami's
16:24jangami's
16:25jangami's
16:26jangami's
16:27jangami's
16:28jangami's
16:29jangami's
16:30jangami's
16:31jangami's
16:32While planning the rebuilding of the theatre, Hudek recognised the importance of a prominent sign for a public space with peak traffic at night.
16:42However, the foundation constraints limiting street-facing display space posed a significant challenge to exterior design.
16:51Hudek's solution was innovative yet bold.
16:54He erected a towering 16-metre glass lighthouse equipped with three powerful 500-watt floodlights.
17:01This beacon remained illuminated throughout the night, serving as a striking landmark visible for miles around.
17:31The reconstructed Grand Theatre boasted 1,961 seats, the largest capacity in Shanghai at the time.
17:50An advertisement in the Shun Pao newspaper on June 14, 1933, highlighted one of its major advantages.
18:00A cutting-edge air conditioning system that could offer a year-round comfortable experience.
18:06While other cinemas in Shanghai relied on electric fans, the Grand Theatre set itself apart by investing 300,000 silver dollars in American-made air conditioners.
18:18With masterworks like the Grand Theatre and the Park Hotel under his belt,
18:48Hudek soon earned his reputation as one of 1930s Shanghai's most avant-garde architects.
18:56In 1935, China's economy, anchored in the silver dollar, was rocked by a global silver price crisis, stalling construction projects in key urban centres.
19:08Fortunately, amidst this hardship, Hudek secured a commission from Wu Tongwen, a prominent die-stuff magnate in Shanghai, to design his residence on Tongren Road.
19:18This time, Hudek set higher standards for himself, promising to create a house that would not become outdated even after a century.
19:27HudekFisher
19:28Hudek
19:28trausaling
19:29sergeant
19:30Texas
19:31Yun та
19:56The green house's iconic colour traces back to its owner, Wu Tongwen.
20:08In 1932, foreseeing imminent war, he developed military green dye, which brought him wealth.
20:16Henceforth, seeing green as his lucky hue, he bought a green car and adorned his house with custom light green glazed tiles.
20:26In 1979, the green house became the office space for the Shanghai Urban Planning and Design Research Institute,
20:35witnessing several iterations of Shanghai's urban planning.
20:39In December 2012, the institute decided to carry out a comprehensive restoration of the green house.
20:46The historic building is a principle of protecting, removing and new uses.
20:51The most powerful part of the building is to restore the original, and to protect the original, and to protect the whole,
20:58and to protect the original.
20:59The other thing is, we also have to consider to use its correctness and comfortable.
21:04The most difficult part of the building is to be able to be able to capture the wall outside.
21:09The green color was a color color.
21:13We did a study of this color.
21:15We also did a study of the 7 colors to do a cleaning.
21:21The size of the stone is not the same.
21:23First of all, these are the basic stone.
21:25This is used in the wide range.
21:27And the lower part, like this slide,
21:30the center of the stone is one.
21:35Then we can see here on the left side of the wall, this is the left side of the wall.
21:42Then we can see here on the right side of the wall.
21:47This wall is a little different.
21:50I think this wall is the key to fix the wall.
21:54The wall is the same.
21:56The wall is 60% fixed.
22:00This is the wall of the wall.
22:03The wall is the first wall of the wall.
22:07Then there is a wall.
22:10This is a wall of the wall, the wall is the wall.
22:14The 20th century was very much developed.
22:20The wall was very developed.
22:24The wall was very developed in the early years of the wall.
22:30The wall was the wall, the wall, the woodwork.
22:35The wall was the great builders.
22:37Thus, Hügec László also has the technology of this project.
22:43He recognized this very fast.
22:47He recognized it.
22:49He recognized it with the new construction materials.
22:56Hügec, always striving for excellence, found Chinese clients in Shanghai who shared his ambition.
23:04If there are many walls on their wall, the wall will allow himself to stay in common.
23:10As a result, these walls are solid walls – the wall, digital wall.
23:13After there are walls only to connect with the wall.
23:15While a wall so far, stone wall wall will sometimes hold their walls under the wall.
23:18This is
23:25I probably don't care about these.
23:28This is a corner door.
23:30This one is very special.
23:33It's holding the door, but it can easily open.
23:39Open it and open it.
23:42This structure is very smart.
23:44We say a wall.
23:45On the other hand, you can only open a wall.
23:49One wall is not open, but it's not open.
23:52In the revolution that transformed the construction industry
23:55in the early 20th century,
23:57Shanghai local contractors
23:59also embraced new technologies and materials.
24:03They erected over 30 high-rise buildings,
24:06exceeding 10 floors in height.
24:08Moreover, they brought modern construction techniques
24:11to their hometown,
24:13erecting well-structured,
24:14West-East fusion-style private residences
24:17in the east of Shanghai.
24:22There are a lot of facilities in the city.
24:25They are all designed to build up in Shanghai.
24:30This way, we can perform the design of the design.
24:33But in Shanghai, it's not a problem.
24:35In Shanghai, there are so many people in the city.
24:40Here is the information on the other day
24:41of the installation of the people in the city.
24:45Wang Caihong, entrusted with overseeing the construction
24:48of the greenhouse, apprenticed under the esteemed builder
24:52Xie Bing Heng in the Gaoqiao area.
24:55Proficient in English, he met Hu Dek during the project
24:59and, under Hu Dek's encouragement,
25:02established the Yaxing Construction Company.
25:05Starting from the construction of the Chapei Power Station
25:09designed by Hu Dek in 1928,
25:12the two collaborated for nearly 20 years.
25:15He put this design into a new design.
25:21He tried many new materials and new tools.
25:25These new materials and new tools,
25:27the Wang Tsai-Hong had never seen.
25:30The Wang Tsai-Hong had no idea.
25:33So, in the process of the process,
25:35there was a lot of confusion.
25:37In the ring道場,
25:39there were two people,
25:41but at the evening,
25:43there were two people,
25:45and they had to go to the hotel and drink.
25:46In the building,
25:47there was a temple.
25:49There was a temple in the temple.
25:51There was a temple in the temple.
25:52There was a temple in the temple.
25:53There was a temple in the temple.
25:55There was a temple in the temple.
25:56My father and my wife,
25:57they don't believe in the temple.
25:58But they were敬畏 of their祖先.
26:02I think that the green house is a mix of Chinese lifestyle
26:09and modern language.
26:11But at the end,
26:12the way that the spaces are built
26:15is truly a Chinese way of living such a kind of mansion.
26:21In 1994,
26:32the green house was selected as one of Shanghai's second batch
26:35of outstanding historical buildings.
26:38In fact,
26:39as early as 1985,
26:41Chinese architects such as Chen Zhe,
26:44Feng Jijong,
26:45and Luo Xiaowei began advocating for the protection
26:48of modern historical buildings.
26:51In 1993,
26:52Shanghai announced the first batch of 61 such buildings.
26:57Over the past 30 years,
26:58the city has designated a total of five batches,
27:01comprising 1,058 outstanding historical buildings,
27:05including 35 contributed by Hu Dek.
27:09Moreover,
27:10over time,
27:11this number continues to change.
27:14The big house,
27:16was developed in 475.
27:17The new ones
27:19and the new buildings
27:20are recommended to the public.
27:21With this,
27:22the public,
27:23the public and the public.
27:24The public,
27:25the public,
27:26are the ones to provide
27:27more protection.
27:28This problem is not to convince the public,
27:29but to make sure
27:30the public.
27:31We need to train the public,
27:32the public,
27:33but the public,
27:34the public,
27:35the public's first access to those two.
27:36The public,
27:37the public,
27:38we are going to connect with the central information,
27:40and view them how to list the papers,
27:41to be,
27:42to set the papers value,
27:43to complete the information knowledge.
27:44At that time, there were people who made it like this.
27:50That's what I really like.
27:52This is a thing that was published in the 1923 or 1924.
27:55This means that we understand all of these hundreds of thousands of buildings in Shanghai.
28:01Today, the ongoing interpretation of preserved historical buildings
28:06continues to shed light on precisely how individuals from diverse backgrounds
28:11pursued excellence a century back.
28:14What's more, these superlative buildings are now engaging with contemporary society
28:20in new and unforeseen ways.
28:23What's more, these superlative buildings are now engaging with contemporary people.
28:29The world is now engaging with contemporary people.
28:31The world is now engaging with contemporary people.
28:33We'll see you next time.
29:03We'll see you next time.
29:33We'll see you next time.
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