Entrevistamos a Pedro Luis García, instructor de perros de búsqueda, quien explica cómo estos animales son entrenados para localizar tanto a personas vivas como fallecidas. A través del juego y técnicas específicas, los perros desarrollan habilidades olfativas excepcionales que les permiten distinguir entre diferentes olores y seguir rastros en diversas condiciones ambientales. El video también aborda las dificultades que enfrentan durante las búsquedas, como el clima adverso, y la importancia de contar con un segundo perro para confirmar hallazgos. Con respecto al caso de Lian Gael Flores Soraide, de tres años desaparecido en Ballesteros Sud, Córdoba, dice que se utilizan estas técnicas para encontrar a una persona desaparecida.
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00:00Luz García, who is a search dog instructor and came with a gypsy dog too.
00:05There he is.
00:06There he is resting a little, gypsy, right?
00:08Of course, he has not gotten used to the lights of the television, but he has gotten used to looking, right?
00:13Oh yes, yes.
00:14That's right. How do you work?
00:16Everything with play and looking for a good dog that likes to smell.
00:22So, with techniques that are taught to him of contamination in his nose with smells,
00:29the dog will look for those smells, discard others and look for that.
00:33It would be, everyone knows what the smell of burning is.
00:36Of course.
00:37But it's not the same a wood, a paper or a piece of meat on the grill.
00:42So, the dog is discarding and saying, I'm looking for the roast meat.
00:47Of course, of course.
00:48And the burned wood doesn't interest me, the burned paper doesn't interest me,
00:51a burnt rag doesn't interest me.
00:53That training, Pedro, you do it.
00:55Each person is going to train their dog.
00:57That's why it's a binomial, it's a conjunction, dog-man.
01:01Of course.
01:02To be able to reach the goal that one wants, in the specialty that one wants.
01:06And there are two types of dogs.
01:08Let's say those who look for traces of living people and deceased people.
01:12There are several.
01:13Ah, tell us about that.
01:14Those who look for living people in small areas or large areas.
01:18Yes, it's not the same to look in a building than to look in a field
01:22because I need a more agile dog, a dog that resists more.
01:25I mean, I can have a cocker and look inside a building.
01:29Because it doesn't have to wear out a lot.
01:31I take it to the floor and that's it.
01:33Now, if I need to work in a field, I'm going to work with big, agile dogs
01:37like Border Collie, Mali.
01:39That's the part of living people.
01:41Everything that is alive and hidden will attract attention.
01:45Which is the game.
01:46What would you initially give, for example, to Gypsies?
01:50Let's suppose that they see it on the screen.
01:52If you had to, Pedro, you would intervene in a case like the one of Liam.
01:57What do you give him? Clothes?
01:58And the first thing you ask for is the kidnapping of clothes.
02:01They have to have a certain form that the scientific police is going to kidnap.
02:06Because the clothes have to be put in a paper bag in case they get wet.
02:13If they get into a plastic bag.
02:15So that there is no contamination.
02:16Exactly, so that there is no contamination.
02:18We have to know who are all those who intervened at the beginning.
02:20Why?
02:21Because the human body is constantly looking for clues.
02:26Let's assume that we had scales or that we were always with a lot of soil,
02:30with talcum powder on top.
02:31And when we walk, we throw all that talcum powder at one person.
02:34If there are two, there are two talcum powder.
02:36If there are three, there are three talcum powder.
02:38So what I have to say is, well, look for this talcum powder.
02:41And there are five people, the dog is going to smell those five people
02:45and he's going to look for the one who is not there.
02:47But what happens, for example, when we see, in the case of Elian,
02:51a place of search where, in a climatic moment of rain,
02:56like today, it is difficult for the dog to find,
03:02if he has to find it, do you put clothes on him or whatever?
03:06Does he lose track or not?
03:08Of course, everything makes it difficult.
03:10We always say that it is 99%, but we wait for 1% to be able to do something.
03:14So I say, as I told you at the beginning,
03:18one is constantly throwing those dead cells and living cells
03:22that remain piling up in the place.
03:24When there is wind, when there is rain, when there is a lot of traffic,
03:28all that begins to spread, to leave the place.
03:31Now, I can say that there may be some trace left in some place,
03:35I can say that, as they say, he is not here, but he was seen elsewhere,
03:40then take the dog to another place.
03:43And if they take him to that suspected truck?
03:46Everything can be. Every time a search is made for a person,
03:49there must be a minimum of 10 hypotheses.
03:52If he is hidden here, or if he is hidden there,
03:55if he is hidden inside the house, if he is outside the house,
03:57if he is hidden 5 meters, 10 meters,
04:00if they took him in a car, if they took him on a motorcycle,
04:03everything always starts to put a lot of hypotheses.
04:07And not because I am a guide, nothing more,
04:09with my boyfriend they will tell me, look for the north.
04:12And the reading that on what you mark or on what the animal marks,
04:17I say, if you find a trace or find a reference,
04:22how does the animal manifest itself so that you become aware
04:25of what is warning you?
04:26It depends on how I have trained him.
04:28Let's give an example, if there is a person who is hidden
04:31and I have a live dog, I can train him to bark,
04:35to scratch or to get out of place.
04:37So it depends on how I want to train the dog.
04:40In my case, with gypsies, what I do is that he goes to the place and howls.
04:44Then the gypsy howls, howls, howls, howls.
04:47There are others who ask him to bark.
04:49There you are marking that there is a data.
04:51That there is a data.
04:52Others who bark, others who feel.
04:54Now, could the dog have been confused?
04:56Of course, I can say, there is a smell of burnt meat.
04:59But was it meat or was it chicken?
05:01Then a second dog is asked for confirmation.
05:04That helps me, that supports me.
05:06It's like saying, it seems to me that I'm seeing such a thing.
05:09Let's see, what do you see?
05:10Then the other can say, I see such a thing.
05:12Okay?
05:13And that's how you get there.
05:14Now, and that finding, right?
05:16The dog says that it marks you, that the gypsy barks.
05:19Is that a clue or proof, if there is a confirmation?
05:23It can be a false positive.
05:24Because it may be that the person is an example.
05:26In the field it happens a lot that someone looks for a tree
05:29to go have a mate.
05:30Or take a nap.
05:31Constantly there, constantly.
05:34But he works all over the field.
05:36But he goes to that tree to take a nap.
05:39So it's a false positive.
05:40Because that's where he deposited a lot more odors.
05:43In fact, he could have left a garment of his own.
05:46Pedro, we see the gypsy very calm.
05:49Is he tired or is he calm all day?
05:51No, he's calm and I didn't activate it.
05:53Despite the fact that I put the vest on him.
05:55At first he was like saying, you put the vest on me.
05:58I have to work.
05:59Like one of the forces.
06:00The one of the force is at home.
06:02Angry, short pants and everything.
06:04Calm, but with a snout flower.
06:06Because it's a big thing.
06:08Here, for example, a dog like the boxer or the bulldog
06:12that has a flat nose.
06:14Those don't work.
06:15It must be this type of dog.
06:16What breed is this?
06:17I always tell people, every dog can serve.
06:20Now, are there any that have more predisposition?
06:23I can train a caniche to bite once
06:25a person who wants to enter my house
06:28and it won't do anything to him.
06:30Or I can train a sheepdog that will bite him
06:32and it will do something to him.
06:34So, the nose is very important.
06:36Because I need ...
06:38One looks at the dog's nose and thinks they are all the same.
06:41But they have some vents on the side, in the trough.
06:44And when the odors enter, they start to hit everywhere.
06:47They stay to make receptions.
06:49We have 4 or 5 million.
06:51Dogs have almost 20 million olfactory cells.
06:55Sorry, 40 million of us
06:57and they have 150 to 200 million olfactory cells.
07:01So, they separate the odors a lot.
07:03What breed is this?
07:04This is a bloodhound.
07:05The famous bloodhound dog
07:07in the movies that the criminals were going to look for.
07:11Yes, we ask you for a minute because it calls us urgently,
07:14live, Cristian Balbo from Ballesteros.
07:16Tell us, Cristian.
07:21Marina, let's see.
07:23Let's see, we are going to do the complete tour
07:25from the entrance to Ballesteros Sud
07:27to point 0, where Alejandro Pueblas and Diego Traferi are located.
07:32To give you a little context,
07:34the weather began to improve.
07:36That is excellent news.
07:37Because they will continue with the tracking.
07:39From 1,200 meters they will advance to 2,500 meters
07:42and they will get to this place that we want to present to you.
07:45Observe, this iron bridge is the main access.
07:49The only access that Ballesteros Sud actually has.
07:52This small town of 700 inhabitants.
07:55And yesterday, Juan Pablo Quinteros,
07:57the Minister of Security of the Province of Córdoba,
07:59mentioned this watercourse to us.
08:02The Third River, which is 4,000 meters from point 0,
08:06from that brick quarry
08:08where Lian lives with his five brothers and his parents.
08:12This is the Third River.