00:00Our planet has experienced terrible floods, powerful tornadoes, destructive hurricanes.
00:07These dangerous natural disasters are familiar to us.
00:11But imagine this, winds howling through the atmosphere at about 800 km per hour
00:17and can persist for weeks.
00:19These insensitive winds could damage the ozone layer, making our Earth hostile to life.
00:25No, this is not a crazy dystopia produced by Netflix.
00:29These hypersyclones are real.
00:33A hypersyclone is a hypothetical tropical cyclone of extreme intensity, never seen on our land.
00:39To trigger a cyclone, the sea surface temperatures must reach about 50°C.
00:45Basically, hot enough to catch a blue steak.
00:48It's hard to imagine because it represents almost 22°C more than the highest oceanic temperature ever recorded.
00:56It was in Kuwait that the highest sea water temperature was recorded, in July 2020.
01:03What could cause such a phenomenal increase in temperature?
01:07The impact of a comet or a powerful asteroid?
01:10The eruption of a supervolcano?
01:12Or a major underwater eruption?
01:14There is even a theory that a series of hypersyclones
01:18could have accelerated the disappearance of non-ship dinosaurs after the famous asteroid impact.
01:24A difference in size between a hypersyclone and any other normal hurricane
01:29lies in the fact that a hypersyclone could rise to the top of the stratosphere,
01:34about 45 km above the surface of our planet.
01:38On their side, normal hurricanes only rise to the low stratosphere,
01:43about 10 km above the Earth.
01:46The difference would be dramatic, even catastrophic.
01:49But we will talk about it in more detail later.
01:53Hypersyclones could accompany an eruption of a speed of 370 km per hour.
01:59For comparison, the most powerful tropical cyclone ever recorded
02:03in terms of maximum wind support was Hurricane Patricia.
02:07At its peak, it reached a speed of 133 km per hour.
02:11This speed is insignificant compared to that of a hypersyclone.
02:15Can you imagine the impact that such a natural disaster could cause?
02:20If they form one day, these hypersyclones will also have a very long lifespan.
02:25They could rage for several weeks, or even more.
02:28Extremely low interior pressure would cause massive storms
02:32capable of covering entire continents.
02:34But there could also be hypersyclones less than 24 km in diameter.
02:39These formations would lose their strength quickly
02:42after drifting towards colder waters.
02:44But the surface temperature of the seas could remain very high
02:47for weeks after the passage of a hypersyclone,
02:49which could cause it again.
02:53As such a phenomenon would spread very widely in the stratosphere,
02:56it would even be possible that it would damage the ozone layer of the Earth.
03:00And this would have devastating consequences for life on our planet.
03:04The ozone layer absorbs some of the harmful sun's rays,
03:08preventing them from reaching the surface and people.
03:11I hope to never witness a hypersyclone of my own.
03:15Here is another potential disaster that could seriously harm the Earth
03:20and would come from the very activity of our sun.
03:22I want to talk about a huge solar eruption.
03:25Few natural disasters can cause so much devastation worldwide.
03:29A solar eruption would not destroy buildings like a tsunami or an earthquake.
03:34It would not be catastrophic in the same way as an asteroid or a supervolcano.
03:39But if the worst had to happen,
03:41it would destroy all the electronic infrastructure of our planet.
03:44To recover from the consequences of this disaster would cost thousands of billions of dollars.
03:51An incredibly powerful solar eruption could cause damage
03:55of unprecedented importance in communication systems,
03:58for medicine, banking systems and transportation.
04:01The Earth would run out of electricity for a long time,
04:04and people would not be able to restart the electrical networks, which were broken.
04:08Water supply systems would be out of service.
04:11There would be no more food in supermarkets.
04:16In 1859, inhabitants from different parts of the world woke up in the middle of the night
04:21because it was so bright outside that they thought it was already morning.
04:24The skies were lit with colorful aurora.
04:27It appeared even in regions where no one had ever seen before,
04:31in the Bahamas, Hawaii or Jamaica.
04:35The telegraphs were electrically charged, even those that were disconnected.
04:40Fires broke out in many regions.
04:43In other words, the consequences were already catastrophic,
04:46while technology almost did not exist.
04:49Imagine the avalanche of problems that a solar eruption could trigger today.
04:55Then there are the gamma surges.
04:58You will not encounter this type of radiation in your daily life.
05:01A gamma surge occurs when two neutron stars collide
05:05or when a massive star collapses.
05:07And gamma rays could become a serious danger to our planet.
05:11If such a phenomenon occurred near the Earth,
05:14it could probably carry all our ozone layer.
05:17And you already know how vital this layer is to us.
05:20In addition, gamma rays could create tropospheric ozone.
05:24This type of ozone could infiltrate the ocean.
05:27It is soluble in water.
05:29And this would lead to a massive extinction of marine life and plants.
05:34According to some theories,
05:36if a gamma-ray explosion occurred about 200 light-years from the Earth
05:40and these jets were directly directed towards us,
05:43our planet would be vaporized.
05:45If the distance was greater, but still in the Milky Way,
05:48the resulting radiation would sterilize all life on the exposed face of the Earth.
05:54Another planetary disaster we must talk about is called the super-eruption.
05:59The eruption of a supervolcano.
06:01Yellowstone Park is located at the top of one of them.
06:04The last massive eruption in this region occurred about 664,000 years ago.
06:10And the next eruption could be imminent.
06:13Fortunately for the moment,
06:15there is no evidence that the supervolcano is waking up
06:18or preparing an eruption for us.
06:20But if this happened,
06:21a massive column of lava and ash would rise in the air at a height of several kilometers.
06:26The volcano would continue to eject ashes for days and days.
06:33But the worst consequence of such an eruption for all living creatures
06:37would be the fall of ash.
06:39Buildings and trees would collapse under the weight of this very dense substance.
06:44In just a few days,
06:46a 3-meter layer of ash would cover a perimeter of about 80 km around the center of the eruption.
06:52Once the ashes had reached the stratosphere,
06:55temperatures would begin to drop all over the world.
06:58The eruption would most likely be rich in sulfur,
07:01an effective sun blocker.
07:03Thus, it would quickly be so cold that the summers would disappear,
07:07completely for several years.
07:09For animals, finding food and drinking water would be very difficult.
07:14The Earth could also cross a black hole,
07:18a region of space where gravity is so powerful that even light cannot escape it.
07:23For the moment, the black hole closest to us is about 1,500 light years away.
07:28So it seems that there is no need to worry.
07:30But have you ever heard of black holes?
07:33This is what worries you a little more.
07:35If such a black hole came to penetrate our solar system,
07:39the Earth would be condemned.
07:41Recently, and for the first time,
07:43astronomers have discovered a solitary black hole wandering in our galaxy.
07:47This space traveler is seven times more massive than the Sun
07:51and is now 5,200 light years away from us.
07:54Scientists have discovered black holes wandering in the past,
07:58but only in other galaxies.
08:00This is the first to appear in the Milky Way.
08:05Giant gulfs could also engulf entire communities.
08:09For example, when one of these gulfs appeared in the city of New York in the summer of 2022,
08:14it dragged a truck into the depths of the Earth.
08:17And it was not the only gulf to appear in this region.
08:20Residents have reported about 4,000 gulfs throughout the city
08:24between July 2021 and June 2022.
08:28This kind of problem is also very common in Florida.
08:31And it is generally of very great gravity.
08:34The gulf suddenly opens, engulfing everything and everyone nearby.
08:41There are gulfs all over the world.
08:43They are totally unpredictable and dig without anyone expecting it.
08:48Fortunately, experts know the causes today.
08:51In some regions, there are vast areas of underground water.
08:55During periods of drought, this water evaporates,
08:58which creates large, empty caves.
09:00After heavy rains, the surface above is likely to collapse,
09:04taking everything with it in a few minutes.
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