00:00If you somehow fell into a black hole, it might change your future and erase your past.
00:06Well, at least theoretically.
00:08Let's start with the real world we live in.
00:10Here on planet Earth, your past can definitely define your future.
00:14But, imagine you're not on Earth, but somewhere out there in the endless universe,
00:19and you stumble upon a certain type of black hole.
00:22The one that a UC Berkeley mathematician found.
00:25Not to mix it with a regular black hole,
00:27let's call this type...
00:29What about a benign black hole, huh?
00:31So here's why you need a specific black hole.
00:34Thing is, you're highly unlikely to stay alive in a regular black hole.
00:39But, according to some calculations made by a postdoctoral fellow,
00:43hence, from UC Berkeley,
00:45this specific type of black holes we agree to call benign ones
00:48might expand at an accelerating rate.
00:51This is what makes it possible to survive the transition
00:54from our deterministic world to a black hole,
00:57which is not deterministic.
01:03Let's imagine you survived that passage,
01:06and now you're moving towards the center of a benign black hole.
01:09It's impossible to picture what's inside,
01:12and if you, as a traveler, could actually get into a black hole,
01:16you'd never be able to communicate to the outer world
01:19what interesting things are hidden in it.
01:21But it's not what interests us for now.
01:23We need to know how to get rid of the past.
01:26Hence, the mathematician you already know
01:29studies non-rotating black holes that have an electric charge.
01:33The most important thing about them
01:35is that besides the event horizon,
01:37they also have the Cauchy horizon.
01:40And here's the point.
01:42The Cauchy horizon is the place
01:44where so-called determinism simply breaks down.
01:47This may sound too scientific,
01:49but let me explain it to you.
01:52The Cauchy horizon is the place
01:54where your past doesn't determine your future any longer.
01:58So, here's a mathematically proven
02:00and apparently working method
02:02of how to get rid of your past.
02:04All you need to do is get into space,
02:06find a specific black hole,
02:08make it to the center,
02:10and get to the Cauchy horizon.
02:12However, if it sounds too complicated,
02:15you can simply try not to make mistakes here on Earth.
02:22Yeah, ideas like
02:24your past gets cancelled,
02:26you have an infinite amount of options
02:28of how your future will evolve.
02:30And all that jazz sounds as unrealistic
02:32as they are appealing.
02:34Like, imagine no one knows you failed
02:36to get into college and get a degree,
02:38but from now on, you have every opportunity
02:40to do whatever you want,
02:42but only theoretically.
02:44In reality, once you get into the black hole,
02:46not that specific one we've already talked about,
02:48you're most likely to disappear
02:50once and for all.
02:52But hey, don't be sad!
02:54I'm only talking about your current physical form.
02:56It's a bit deeper than it might seem.
02:58Thing is, there's a curious principle
03:00of quantum mechanics
03:02that can be explained in a simple way.
03:04For starters,
03:06imagine that you're not a human being,
03:08but just information.
03:10You have your experience, your background,
03:12and your thoughts.
03:14All of these are the information you are.
03:16Now, let's make it even simpler.
03:18Imagine a USB drive or a book.
03:20Both of these things contain information.
03:22If you smash a USB drive
03:24that contains music and movies,
03:26it won't exist anymore
03:28in its physical form,
03:30but the information it had will never stop existing.
03:32Same with the book.
03:34If you burn it, the information it has
03:36doesn't get burned.
03:38It continues to exist,
03:40but in another form.
03:42So, this fun theory claims
03:44that even though someone passes
03:46the horizon of events,
03:48which is a point of no return
03:50before you get spaghettified,
03:52they don't stop existing.
03:54In simple words,
03:56these universe travelers still exist,
03:58but in the form of information.
04:00Now, let's go back to the black holes.
04:02According to Stephen Hawking,
04:04black holes emit radiation.
04:06Radiation makes them shrink,
04:08and with time, I mean much time,
04:10a black hole can shrink so much
04:12that it eventually disappears.
04:14What happens to the astronaut who got entangled
04:16in a black hole if it disappears?
04:18Nope, they won't be ejected from the black hole
04:20in the way they used to exist.
04:22However, they will still be ejected
04:24from there, but in the form
04:26of Hawking radiation.
04:28But it's just a theory.
04:32Right, you remember that
04:34no one knows exactly what happens
04:36in the black hole?
04:38Another theory says that what happens in the black hole
04:40doesn't really stay in the black hole.
04:43Sounds like a good alternative
04:45to Las Vegas if all the flights for the weekends
04:47have been booked.
04:49Some scientists believe that a black hole
04:51might have a portal where you can turn back
04:53time.
04:55According to this theory, there's a white hole
04:57at the end of a black hole.
04:59If you get there, you can undo things.
05:01Like, you broke your mom's favorite vase?
05:03Hop into the white hole and it'll be as good
05:05as new there.
05:07You cooked a scramble and made a fresh orange juice
05:09but somehow lost your appetite?
05:11It's not a problem if you cook it inside a white hole.
05:13Voila!
05:15The eggs are unbroken.
05:17The oranges are uncut and juicy again.
05:19No more food waste.
05:25Alright, turning back time
05:27sounds really cool, so I guess we might actually
05:29need a black hole to help us out.
05:31If a black hole was made in a, let's say,
05:33lab, it could devour
05:35things until it grew big enough to consume
05:37the entire planet.
05:39First, it would munch on the Large Hadron Collider
05:41which might possibly create something
05:43similar to a black hole here on Earth.
05:45Next, Geneva, where the
05:47Large Hadron Collider is located.
05:49Then, the whole country of Switzerland.
05:51Then, Europe. At that point, it wouldn't
05:53be long before the Earth was gone too.
05:55Luckily, if a black hole did appear,
05:57it would be so small that it wouldn't be able
05:59to do anything.
06:01Black holes actually produce a lot
06:03of energy and release it, often as
06:05heat, like a furnace.
06:07That means they will fade away when they run
06:09out of fuel. Even if
06:11a stable, microscopic black hole
06:13was created, it would grow so slowly
06:15that nothing would happen.
06:17Assuming that it survived long enough
06:19to absorb the tiny particles around it,
06:21a black hole of this size would take
06:23super long to get even a pound
06:25of weight. I won't be around then,
06:27but a black hole on Earth could be
06:29a great thing. Even a relatively
06:31small one may emit enough energy
06:33to completely power humanity.
06:37We're talking
06:39a lot about food, huh?
06:41Let's not forget about spaghettification.
06:43The concept is quite
06:45simple, by the way. It's all
06:47about gravity. Imagine
06:49you're playing with chewing gum.
06:51With your force, you could easily stretch
06:53it so instead of a regular piece,
06:55you can get a long and thin one.
06:57The same happens to you.
06:59Black hole force is enough
07:01to stretch you as if you were a piece
07:03of chewing gum.
07:05Gravity holds you tight on one side,
07:07which makes you stretch. You may
07:09wonder, how come you don't get
07:11spaghettified on Earth if there's gravity
07:13too?
07:15Easy peasy. It's just too weak to do that
07:17with you. If you asked a butterfly
07:19to stretch the gum, would it be able
07:21to do that? Not likely.
07:23Their tiny limbs are just too weak.
07:25Same here. The Earth is just
07:27too weak compared to a black hole.
07:29So, if you were wondering whether you'll
07:31ever reach 6'6", it may
07:33never happen on Earth. But once
07:35you're in a black hole, you can go far
07:37beyond those mere 6'6".
07:39Your best hype moment won't
07:41last long though. If you stretch the chewing
07:43gum at one moment, it will simply
07:45tear apart. The same will
07:47happen to you because of
07:49spaghettification.
07:51That's it for today. So, hey, if you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like and share it with your friends. Or, if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the Bright Side!
Comments