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00:00I met a woman when I left Fuentealto.
00:05I never thought it would last so long and I would be so angry.
00:09This woman is angry with me to this day.
00:12Here in prison, she comes all night, all morning.
00:16She comes in once or twice.
00:18She has done the impossible so that I can leave this place.
00:22She believes in me. She trusts me.
00:26She is the only person who has trusted me and believed in me.
00:32She has faith and hope that I will change.
00:36And I want to tell her and the people who will believe in me,
00:41or who want to believe in me,
00:43because it is difficult to believe in a person who has the antecedents like me.
00:48It is very difficult to believe.
00:50Because you only see the papers, but you don't see the person.
00:54If Oscar could look back and fix his life, what would you do?
01:00If I could look back and fix my life?
01:05Be born again?
01:07And I was born again?
01:09Am I being born again?
01:11Am I being born again now?
01:13Am I being born again?
01:17Am I being born again?
01:20That phrase that says with such vehemence that love changes everything,
01:25has come to life here in the penitentiary of Santiago.
01:30In some passage of modern philosophy,
01:33it is heard to say that life begins today.
01:38How many of these men who have grown up in the shadow of prison indignity
01:42deserve an opportunity?
01:45We do not know.
01:49In March 1993, Oscar Ralph was released again under bail.
02:06It was the case of Oscar Ralph,
02:08a man whose story fills us with a highly sensitive issue in our country,
02:14such as common crime.
02:16We are going to talk about it in this panel with our guests.
02:19I welcome Andrés Domínguez, a criminologist,
02:23a professor at the Superior Institute of Research,
02:25the same as the doctor in psychology, Jorge Agostini,
02:29who is a professor at the Superior Institute of Carabineros,
02:31and, as always, Carlos Pinto.
02:34Good evening and welcome everyone to Mea Culpa.
02:37Andrés, let's get to the point.
02:39Is Oscar Ralph the protagonist of this story,
02:43the prototype of the common criminal in our country?
02:47If one takes the data of prisons,
02:51indeed, because he corresponds to a type of dominant crime,
02:56which is crimes against property,
02:5851% of convicts are for crimes against property,
03:02corresponds to 60% of those who are single,
03:06to 77% who are between 20 and 40 years old,
03:11and to 41% who do not have a complete basic education,
03:16which is his case.
03:17Therefore, all the statistics that are given in prisons
03:22show that he is indeed part of the dominant population
03:26in the Chilean prison enclosures.
03:28Therefore, he is the type of criminal that Chileans are afraid of, right?
03:32Because it is the case of common crime,
03:35the lady who goes to the street and believes that she can be robbed,
03:37or that she can have small robberies in her house, etc.
03:40Exactly.
03:41It is the most common crime, the most massive,
03:45theft, robbery, fraud, unlawful appropriation, etc.,
03:49which are the most massive crimes in this country.
03:52But also the one that,
03:54except for the robbery with violence against people,
03:57which is quite high, which is 15% of the robberies,
04:01and which is the truly most dangerous,
04:05it is not usually, in Ralph's case,
04:08he is a minor criminal, as he calls himself,
04:12in the sense that he is a spectacular guy,
04:15who does not show great audacity,
04:17and who leads him to very risky situations for the population,
04:21from the point of view of the physical integrity of the population.
04:24However, it is absolutely unpredictable
04:26if one of these people, in certain circumstances,
04:29and with certain means,
04:31would not be able to pass to the other category
04:33and commit homicide and serious injuries to people.
04:36Now, is it a citizen feeling or a reality,
04:38according to your experience,
04:40that crime increases or is it high and does not decrease?
04:44No, I can tell you the figures, which are the following.
04:47In a study that was done both in Denmark,
04:50as much as it was done in Cineplan,
04:53as it was done in the Catholic University,
04:55there are two different realities.
04:57One is the feeling as if it had increased,
05:00that is, the feeling due to the effect of advertising,
05:03known through the media,
05:06there is indeed a feeling as if it had increased.
05:09But in terms of real figures,
05:11the worst year in terms of incidence of this type of criminal activity
05:16is the year 1985.
05:18However, today we have the social perception
05:21that there was an increase.
05:23In terms of real figures, it is not like that.
05:25Nor is Santiago the most dangerous city
05:27compared to Concepción and Viña del Mar, for example.
05:30How so?
05:31Surprisingly, we have not found figures in hand
05:34that in terms of comparison to the number of inhabitants there are,
05:37Santiago is the third city within Chile.
05:40Andrés, what is the relationship between...
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