00:00 If, in one way or another, you fell into a black hole, it could alter your future and erase your past.
00:07 At least, in theory.
00:09 Let's start with the real world in which we live.
00:12 Here, on Earth, your past can clearly define your future.
00:16 But imagine that you are not on Earth, but somewhere at the edge of the universe.
00:21 And that you fell into a certain type of black hole.
00:24 The one that a mathematician from the University of Berkeley discovered.
00:28 To not confuse it with a lambda black hole.
00:31 Let's call it, what would you say, a Benin black hole?
00:35 Here is why you need a specific black hole.
00:38 It is in fact very unlikely that you would survive an ordinary black hole.
00:42 But according to some calculations made by Peter Ince, a postdoctoral student at the University of Berkeley,
00:48 this specific type of black hole could expand at an accelerated rate.
00:52 This is what would allow the survival, at the transition of our deterministic world, to a black hole, which, is not.
00:59 Let's imagine that you survived this passage.
01:07 And that you are now heading to the center of a Benin black hole.
01:11 It is impossible to imagine what is inside.
01:14 And if you, as a traveler, could really penetrate a black hole,
01:18 you could never communicate your findings to the outside world.
01:22 But that is not what interests us now.
01:24 We need to know what happens to our past.
01:27 Ince, the mathematician mentioned earlier, studies non-rotating black holes that present an electric charge.
01:34 The most important thing about them is that in addition to a horizon of events,
01:39 they also have a horizon of Cauchy.
01:41 And that's where all the interest lies.
01:43 The horizon of Cauchy is the point where this famous determinism simply ceases to apply.
01:48 It may seem very complex.
01:50 But let me explain to you instead.
01:52 The horizon of Cauchy is the place from which your past no longer determines your future.
01:58 Here is a mathematically proven and theoretically functional method to get rid of your past.
02:04 All you have to do is to go into space,
02:07 to find a specific black hole,
02:09 to reach its center and to reach the horizon of Cauchy.
02:12 Or, if it seems too complicated to you,
02:14 you can simply try to never make a mistake here on Earth.
02:18 And yes, ideas like "your past is canceled",
02:26 you have an infinite number of options to influence your future.
02:29 And all the "too-team" seems as unrealistic as they are attractive.
02:33 Imagine, for example, that no one ever learns that you have failed to get your diploma.
02:39 But that from now on, you have the opportunity to do whatever you want.
02:43 But that's only in theory.
02:45 In reality, once you enter a black hole, but not the one we talked about earlier,
02:50 you simply risk disappearing once and for all.
02:53 But do not be sad.
02:55 We are only talking about your current physical form.
02:58 It's a little more pointed than it seems.
03:00 There is actually a curious principle of quantum mechanics that can be explained in a simple way.
03:05 To begin with, imagine that you are not a human being, but simply made up of information.
03:11 You have your own experiences, your thoughts and your past.
03:15 All this represents the information you are.
03:17 Now, let's simplify even more.
03:20 Imagine a USB key or a book.
03:22 These two things contain information.
03:25 If you break a USB key that contains music and movies,
03:28 it will no longer exist in its physical form,
03:31 but the information it contains will never cease to exist.
03:34 It's the same for the book.
03:36 If you burn it, the information it contains does not burn.
03:39 It continues to exist, but in another form.
03:42 Thus, this amusing theory claims that even if someone crosses the horizon of events,
03:48 which is the point of no return before being spaghettified,
03:51 it does not cease to exist.
03:54 In simple terms, these cosmic travelers will always exist,
03:59 but in the form of information.
04:03 Now let's go back to the black hole.
04:05 According to Stephen Hawking, black holes emit radiation.
04:09 These radiations make them shrink, and over time, I mean a lot of time,
04:14 a black hole can decrease to such an extent that it eventually disappears.
04:17 So, what happens to the astronaut who finds himself trapped in a black hole if it disappears?
04:22 No, he will not be spit out of the black hole to return to his original state.
04:27 He will still be ejected, however, but in the form of Hawking's radiation.
04:31 But all this is only theoretical.
04:33 Well, do you remember that no one knows exactly what happens inside a black hole?
04:44 Another theory claims that what happens in the black hole does not necessarily remain in the black hole.
04:49 This seems like a good alternative to Las Vegas, if all flights have already been booked.
04:55 Some scientists think that black holes could act as portals to go back in time.
05:00 According to this theory, there would be a white hole at the exit of a black hole.
05:04 If you get there, you could undo things.
05:07 You broke your mother's favorite vase, for example?
05:10 Jump into the white hole and it will be put back to new.
05:13 You cooked an omelette and squeezed a fresh orange juice, but you lost all your appetite?
05:18 It's not a problem if you cook inside a white hole.
05:22 Here, the eggs are intact, the oranges are again whole and juicy.
05:26 No more food waste.
05:28 The idea of going back in time is alluring.
05:31 So I imagine that a black hole could be very useful to us.
05:34 But if a black hole was made in a laboratory, it could devour its surroundings,
05:39 until it becomes big enough to consume the whole planet.
05:43 First, it would be equal to Hadron's Great Collider,
05:46 which would possibly be able to create something comparable to a black hole here on Earth.
05:51 Then, Geneva, or the Black Sea, or the Black Sea.
05:55 Then, the whole of Switzerland, then Europe.
05:58 At this stage, the Earth would have almost disappeared.
06:01 Fortunately, if a black hole appeared, it would be so small that it could do nothing.
06:06 Black holes actually produce a lot of energy and release it most often in the form of heat.
06:11 This means that they will disappear when they run out of fuel.
06:15 Even if a stable microscopic black hole were created,
06:18 it would grow so slowly that it would be impossible to see it.
06:22 Assuming that it survives long enough to absorb the tiny particles around it,
06:27 a black hole of this size would take centuries to reach a point of just a few grams.
06:32 And we haven't seen it for a long time.
06:35 But a black hole on Earth could be a very good thing.
06:39 Even the smallest one could release enough energy to feed all of humanity.
06:44 We talk a lot about food, don't we?
06:47 Let's not forget spaghettification.
06:50 The concept is quite simple, it's gravity.
06:53 Imagine that you are playing with chewing gum.
06:56 With your strength, you can easily stretch it to obtain a long and thin strip instead of a simple ball.
07:02 It's the same for you.
07:04 The strength of a black hole is enough to stretch you as if you were stretching a ball.
07:09 Gravity holds you firmly on one side, which makes you stretch.
07:13 You are probably wondering how come you are not spaghettified on Earth if there is also gravity.
07:19 Elementary.
07:20 It is simply too weak to have such an effect on you.
07:24 If you asked a butterfly to stretch chewing gum, could it do it?
07:28 There is little chance. Their little legs are simply too fragile.
07:32 And if you ask a butterfly to stretch a ball,
07:35 there is little chance. Their little legs are simply too fragile.
07:39 Same here.
07:40 The Earth is simply too insignificant compared to a black hole.
07:44 So, if you were wondering if you could ever go over 1.90 meters,
07:48 it could never happen on Earth.
07:50 But once in a black hole, you could grow far beyond.
07:54 You will not stay at the top of your shape for a long time.
07:57 Nevertheless, if you stretch chewing gum, at some point, it simply tears.
08:02 He will go with you, because of the spaghettification.
08:05 [BLANK_AUDIO]
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