What Was the Primary Cause of the Black Death in the 14th Century

The primary cause of the Black Death in the 14th century was a highly contagious bacterial infection known as Yersinia pestis, which is responsible for bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic plagues. Rats and their fleas served as vectors for the bacterium, spreading it rapidly among human populations. The outbreak, often referred to as the "Bubonic Plague," resulted in devastating pandemics in Europe, Asia, and Africa. Its catastrophic impact included the deaths of tens of millions of people, causing widespread social, economic, and cultural upheaval during the 14th century.