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When an electric current passes through a conductor (like a high resistance wire) the conductor becomes hot after some time and produces heat. This is called the heating effect of Electric Current. Example 1. A bulb becomes hot after its use for some time. This is because of the heating effect of electric current.
What are the heating effects of the electric current?
When a current flows through a conductor, heat energy generates in the conductor. The heating effects of electric current depend on three factors:
The resistance of the conductor. A higher resistance produces more heat.
The time for which the current flows. The longer the time the amount of heat production is high.
Higher the current the amount of heat generation is also large.
Hence the heating effect produced by an electric current, I through a conductor of resistance, R for a time, t is given by H = I2Rt. This equation is the Joule’s equation of electrical heating.
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