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A disputed red card, a disallowed golden goal and a World Cup run surrounded by controversy: the 2002 FIFA World Cup matches between co-hosts South Korea, Italy and Spain remain among football’s most debated episodes. Italy saw goals ruled out before losing in extra time, then Spain suffered contentious decisions in the quarter-final and exited on penalties.

This football history feature traces the refereeing decisions, furious fan reaction and FIFA’s eventual explanation of human error. Explore the South Korea World Cup controversy, Italy’s elimination, Spain’s quarter-final defeat and the arguments that still fuel discussion of refereeing and VAR in international football.

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Transcript
00:00As the Italian went down in the box and the referee jogged over toward him, Italy was certain
00:05they were about to be awarded a penalty kick. A penalty kick which, if they could score it,
00:10would win them the game. However, instead, the referee pulled out a red card and sent the Italian
00:15off the pitch for diving. Italy couldn't believe it. In fact, from the opening minutes of the 2002
00:21World Cup game, the referee had been making lots of calls that Italy felt were wrong. And this
00:26wasn't even their first taste of it in the tournament. In their previous two games,
00:30they'd also had multiple perfectly good goals disallowed by different referees. It was all
00:35feeling just a little bit fishy. Italy were three-time world champions, while South Korea
00:41were the tournament co-hosts and a team nobody seriously expected to get this far. But now,
00:47with one of Italy's star players sent off the field by a nonsense ruling, Italy was down to 10 men,
00:53with the score tied 1-0 in extra time. And back in 2002, any goal scored in extra time was
01:00a golden
01:00goal, which meant that the next team to score would win the match instantly, ending it on the spot.
01:06But only minutes later, even with their handicap, as an Italian player escaped the Korean defence and
01:11popped the ball straight past the Korean keeper, Italy thought they'd pulled it off, until they saw
01:17the linesman's flag was up. The player was called offside, and for the fifth time in the tournament,
01:22an Italian goal was disallowed. The Italians didn't think it was offside, and the replays proved them
01:27right, but the call stood. And only minutes after that, South Korea scored their own golden goal,
01:33and Italy had been ripped out of the World Cup. After the match, 400,000 furious emails from irate
01:39Italian fans poured into FIFA's complaints inbox and crashed their servers. South Korea's golden
01:45goal scorer, who, oddly enough, actually played club football in Italy for Perugia, was ousted the
01:51very next day, with the club chairman declaring that the player had ruined Italian football and
01:56would never set foot in Perugia again. But the most damning part of the story was still to come,
02:02because four days later, South Korea played Spain in the quarterfinals. In this game,
02:07Spain had a goal chalked off for a shirt pull. Then, in extra time, when a Spaniard put a header
02:12into the back of the Korean net, the linesman flagged that the ball had gone out of play before
02:17the cross was kicked. Replays would once again show that the call was entirely bogus, but still,
02:22the goal was disallowed. Spain lost the game in a penalty shootout. South Korea advanced to the
02:27semifinals, which they lost to Germany. South Korea then lost their third-place consolation match
02:33against Turkey, where they also conceded the fastest goal in World Cup history in the first
02:3811 seconds, and FIFA dismissed all the strange refereeing as human error, and they took no further action.
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