00:00Hello all, I'm Dr. Poonam Patil, medical oncologist from Manipal Hospital's Old Airport Road, Bangalore.
00:07Today, I'm going to talk a little bit about breast cancers.
00:10October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month and breast cancer is often termed as a lifestyle disease.
00:17So let us discuss a little bit about how lifestyle impacts breast cancer.
00:31Often a question is asked that can diet, obesity and lifestyle affect breast cancer risk?
00:38So yes, being overweight, especially after menopause, increases the risk of breast cancer
00:44because excess fat can increase estrogen levels in the body.
00:48And these estrogenic compounds cause stimulation and proliferation of breast cells
00:54and giving an opportunity for increasing mutations which can lead to cancer.
01:00Regular exercise helps maintain a healthy weight and reduces risk.
01:05Even 30 minutes of brisk walking for 5 days a week can make a difference.
01:10Another question asked is, does alcohol consumption influence risk?
01:14Yes, even small amounts of alcohol can increase breast cancer risk.
01:19The more alcohol a person brings, the greater the risk.
01:23So it is best to avoid alcohol.
01:26Are there foods that prevent breast cancer?
01:29No single food can prevent breast cancer.
01:32However, a balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, pulses and nuts helps maintain good health.
01:39Avoid processed foods, sugary drinks and processed meats as well.
01:45What lifestyle changes can help reduce risk without promising complete prevention?
01:50There is nothing that can say total prevention.
01:54But yes, to maintain a healthy lifestyle, eat well, sleep well, walk well.
02:01So eat well means that eat whole grains, pulses, fresh fruits, vegetables, not sugary foods, no processed foods.
02:11Sleep well, get adequate sleep.
02:13Walk well means that do good exercises, physical exercises and maintain a healthy weight.
02:19Remember, a healthy lifestyle can lower breast cancer risk but cannot guarantee complete prevention.
02:26Even very healthy women can develop breast cancer.
02:30Often women ask, what determines the risk of breast cancer recurrence?
02:35The risk depends on the stage of cancer at diagnosis, what is the tumor size, what were the number of
02:41lymph nodes involved, the type of breast cancer.
02:45The best thing that one can do to reduce the recurrence risk is to complete the proposed treatment plan.
02:52This will help reducing the risk of recurrence.
02:55Can recurrence happen years after treatment?
02:58Yes, breast cancer can return even after a few years or in some cases even 10 to 20 years later,
03:05especially in breast cancers which are hormone receptor positive.
03:09But yes, remember many women are cured and never experience recurrence.
03:15Which symptoms should survivors report?
03:18Any new breast or armpit lump or change in the skin, persistent back pain or bone pain, unexplained weight loss,
03:28persistent cough or breathlessness, unusual headaches or any new symptoms that do not go away should be reported.
03:36These symptoms do not necessarily mean that cancer has returned but they should be checked.
03:41What follow-up appointments and tests are needed after treatment?
03:46Once treatment is done, we ask for regular follow-up, generally every 3 to 6 months depending on the stage
03:53and when visits they become less frequent over time.
03:57Most of the times, every year, we ask for annual mammogram of the remaining breast tissue as appropriate.
04:04Other tests are done only if symptoms or examination findings suggest a problem or we need to rule out recurrence.
04:13Routine PET scans, CT scans, blood tumor markers are generally not recommended for survivors without any symptom.
04:20Remember, most survivors can return to a normal, healthy and productive life.
04:26Regular follow-up detects problems early and manage long-term treatment side effects.
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