00:00No, vous n'avez pas payé taxes simplement pour holding unsold stocks.
00:04Capital gains taxé en la U.S. et en plus de l'urisdiction est écrite
00:08seulement par un « réalisation event»,
00:10meaning vous vendez, vendez, ou autrement dispose de les shares.
00:15Un réalisé gains, paper profits, sit untaxed indefinitely,
00:19qui est pourquoi long-term holders can defer tax liability pour years ou decades.
00:24There are important exceptions et context-dependent variations.
00:271. Dividend Income
00:30Even without selling, if your stock pays dividends,
00:33those are taxable in the year received.
00:35Qualified dividends taxed at 0%, 15%, or 20%
00:40U.S. 2024 brackets, ordinary dividends at your income tax rate.
00:462. Retirement Accounts
00:47For 01K slash IRA
00:49Gains inside tax-advantaged accounts aren't taxed annually regardless of trading activity.
00:55Taxation is deferred until withdrawal, traditional, or eliminated, Roth, if rules followed.
01:013. Mark-to-market Traders
01:03Professional traders who elect Section 475
01:07F. Status are taxed on unrealized gains annually,
01:11an exception most retail investors don't qualify for.
01:154. Estate Slash Inheritance Transfers
01:18If you die holding appreciated stock, heirs often get a stepped-up basis,
01:22erasing the unrealized gain for tax purposes entirely, U.S.-specific.
01:28Rules vary by country.
01:305. Wealth Taxes
01:31Countries like Norway or Switzerland impose annual wealth taxes on total asset value,
01:37including unsold stock, unlike the U.S., which has no federal wealth tax.
01:41Context matters significantly. U.S. federal rules differ from state rules, e.g., no capital gains tax
01:49in Texas or Florida versus up to 13.3% in California, and international investors face
01:56treaty dependent withholding on dividends. Proposals for taxing unrealized gains on ultra-high
02:02net worth individuals have been debated in U.S. Congress but were not law as of early 2025.
02:075. Verify Current Status Before Assuming This Applies to You
02:11Practical Takeaway
02:12If you're a typical buy-and-hold investor outside a mark-to-market election,
02:17only sales and dividends create tax obligations. Track your cost basis carefully and consult a tax
02:23professional before any sale to plan timing. Short-term versus long-term capital gains rates
02:29differ substantially. Finally, remember that everything we discussed today is for educational
02:34purposes only and does not constitute financial advice. Good luck to everyone and see you in the next video.
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