- há 2 dias
What will our world look like with autonomous lethal weapons, generalised facial recognition and wholly convincing deep fakes? The documentary film shows the upheavals of the digital revolution - with all its social, psychological and political consequences as a tsunami of technological change threatens not only our democracies but humanity itself.
Categoria
🗞
NotíciasTranscrição
00:00:00A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:00:29A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:01:00A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:01:09A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:01:28A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:01:34A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:01:36A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:02:04A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:02:07A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:02:09A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:02:10A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:02:13A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:02:34A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:02:36A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:02:38A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:02:54A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:02:54A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:02:58A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:07A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:19A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:21A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:23A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:25A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:27A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:28A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:29A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:33A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:35A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:37A CIDADE NO BRASIL
00:03:52A GOARD
00:03:55ECONOMONE
00:03:55ALREADY
00:03:57There have been 5,000 copies printed.
00:03:59You will go to the telephone, describe your interests, your needs and your problems.
00:04:07And they at once Xerox, with the help of computers from the libraries of the world, all the latest
00:04:11material just for you personally.
00:04:15They send you the package as a direct personal service.
00:04:18This is where we're headed under electronic information conditions.
00:04:23Marshall McLuhan, a professor of English literature at the University of Toronto, became an unlikely
00:04:29celebrity in the 1960s.
00:04:31But today, most people under 50 have never heard of him, even though he predicted many
00:04:36of the problems and concerns of the digital revolution we're now living with.
00:04:47The digital ecosystem that we've sleepwalked into and which entirely surrounds us.
00:04:55One of its principal features is that it is like an information tsunami.
00:05:00There's just a constant stream of information from multiple sources.
00:05:05Everybody has their own bullhorn, everyone's now their own broadcaster.
00:05:11The overwhelming volume of information on its own would be enough to cause a certain degree
00:05:17of confusion and fatigue.
00:05:20But when you layer on top of it, the algorithms of the platforms that actually propel forward
00:05:26certain types of content meant to trigger our emotions and keep us engaged, it makes it even worse.
00:05:40I kind of love Times Square.
00:05:42It's ridiculous.
00:05:43It's over the top, but it's totally honest.
00:05:45It's just like, this is commercial life.
00:05:49Like, right here, buy, buy, do, consume.
00:05:53But what you don't want is Times Square to become your life.
00:05:59It's unsustainable.
00:06:01What we're seeing now is that social media is bringing all the radical buy stimulation,
00:06:09the commercialization into the most intimate parts of your life.
00:06:14The morning, first thing when you wake up, you don't want to wake up in the middle of Times Square.
00:06:30Marshall McLuhan, he was the first superstar academic.
00:06:34One of Marshall McLuhan's favorite aphorisms is the medium is the message.
00:06:40What he meant there was the material properties of communications technologies are not neutral.
00:06:46They matter.
00:06:47They have an impact on what is communicated and how.
00:06:50Television gave the old electric circuitry that is already here,
00:06:55gave it a huge extra push in this direction of involvement and inwardness.
00:07:00You see, the circuit doesn't just simply push things out for inspection.
00:07:04It pushes you in to the circuit.
00:07:07It involves you.
00:07:10McLuhan was one of the first to really look at new media as they arrived,
00:07:19as new layers on society, as new weather systems, as new environments.
00:07:29He got very famous for talking about the global village.
00:07:34He didn't mean global village in a kind of an Oprah Winfrey hands across the globe.
00:07:40This is going to be so sweet.
00:07:41He meant that we're going to retrieve all of the gossip and surveillance and parochialism of the village on a
00:07:56global level.
00:07:57And that might end up being a scary place to live.
00:08:00But I am determined to understand what's happening.
00:08:03Because I don't choose just to sit and let the juggernaut roll over me.
00:08:20Marshall McLuhan hat mich immer fasziniert.
00:08:22Und ich will herausfinden, wie relevant seine Theorien heute noch sind.
00:08:26Leben wir in einem digitalen Ökosystem, das die Menschheit transformiert?
00:08:31Ausgangspunkt für McLuhans Revolution war ein 1903 an der Universität von Toronto errichtetes Nebengebäude.
00:08:37Es wurde in den 60er Jahren zu seinem Büro.
00:08:40Professor Paolo Granata lehrt Medienwissenschaft an der Universität und ist Experte für Medienökologie,
00:08:46ein Fach, das aus der Arbeit von Marshall McLuhan hervorgegangen ist.
00:08:50Das ist woher es all begann.
00:08:52Und das ist woher du arbeiten jeden Tag.
00:08:56Ich glaube, das hat unglaubliche Relevanz für dich.
00:09:00Well, McLuhan ist ein Klassiker.
00:09:02Und wir müssen auf den Schultern auf den Giants
00:09:05verstehen was, was passiert um uns herum.
00:09:07Und so, das ist warum ich gekommen bin in Toronto.
00:09:10Toronto, für Media Studies, ist wie ein Mecca.
00:09:14Es war mein Mecca.
00:09:15Das ist warum ich gekommen bin in diesem Ort, in den 60er Jahren.
00:09:33John Lennon und Yoko Ono besuchten McLuhan 1969.
00:09:38John Lennon und Yoko Ono besuchten McLuhan 1969.
00:09:49Vielleicht erinnern Sie sich, 1977 hatte McLuhan einen denkwürdigen Auftritt in einem Oscar prämierten Film.
00:10:02Ich weiß gar nicht, was ich weiß.
00:10:03Ich weiß gar nicht, was Marshall McLuhan ist.
00:10:05Oh, wirklich?
00:10:06Ich habe ein Klassiker in Columbia gemacht, TV, Medien und Kultur.
00:10:10Ich denke, dass meine Insights into Mr. McLuhan hat ein sehr vieles Gefühl.
00:10:14Oh, du?
00:10:14Ja.
00:10:14Das ist lustig, weil ich habe Mr. McLuhan hier.
00:10:17So, so, ja.
00:10:19Let me, let me, let me, come over here.
00:10:21A second.
00:10:21Oh, ich habe gehört, was du gesagt hast.
00:10:24Du, du wissen nichts von meiner Arbeit.
00:10:26Du mein vollen Fall ist falsch.
00:10:28Wie hast du einen Kurs in allem, ist total großartig.
00:10:31Oh Gott, wenn Leben nur so ist.
00:10:42Eine der heute meist diskutierten negativen Folgen der digitalen Revolution ist das Suchtpotenzial
00:10:48von Social Media.
00:10:51Verschlimmert wird es noch durch Algorithmen, die gezielt Personen mit bestimmten Inhalten
00:10:55füttern und sie dazu verführen, mehr Zeit auf der Plattform zu verbringen.
00:10:59Before 2009, Social Media didn't have an Algorithmic feed.
00:11:05So, if you went on Facebook, you'd get on Facebook what your friend posted and then what your other
00:11:11friend posted in a chronological order.
00:11:14And then in 2009, kind of quietly, Facebook introduces the Algorithmic feed.
00:11:20And at first, it's just taken a few little data points to say, ah, this person likes this
00:11:26post, maybe they're going to like this post.
00:11:29But right now, the model of social media, which is now being exported to all different
00:11:35area of our lives, work, school, play, it's effectively to take a digital map of you.
00:11:46What did you like, how long did you watch this video, where were you physically the other
00:11:51day, what is your mood, what are your keystrokes, what is your voice like, making vocal maps.
00:11:59And then based on that simulacrum of a person saying, what is the content that I can provide
00:12:07that will allow me to make the most money by keeping them on this site.
00:12:14We are the livestock for the company's data farms is the way I think about it.
00:12:34Mr. Zuckerberg, let me start with you.
00:12:35Did I hear you say in your opening statement that there's no link between mental health
00:12:40and social media use?
00:12:42Senator, what I said is I think it's important to look at the science.
00:12:44I know people widely talk about this as if that is something that's already been proven.
00:12:49And I think that the bulk of the scientific evidence does not support that.
00:12:53Let me just remind you of some of the science from your own company.
00:12:55Instagram studied the effect of your platform on teenagers.
00:13:00Here's a quote from your own study, quote, we make body image issues worse for one in three
00:13:06teen girls.
00:13:07Here's another quote, teens blamed Instagram.
00:13:09This is your study for increases in the rate of anxiety and depression.
00:13:13This reaction was unprompted and consistent across all groups.
00:13:17That's your study.
00:13:18You've got families from across the nation whose children are either severely harmed or gone.
00:13:25There's families of victims here today.
00:13:27Have you apologized to the victims?
00:13:30I would you like to do so now?
00:13:32Well, they're here.
00:13:33You're on national television.
00:13:34Would you like now to apologize to the victims who have been harmed by your product?
00:13:38Show them the pictures.
00:13:40Would you like to apologize for what you've done to these good people?
00:13:43Mike, I'm sorry for speaking to you all.
00:13:49I don't know what to do through the things that your family have suffered.
00:13:53Since the broad adoption of the smartphone and the introduction of algorithm and targeting,
00:14:00both of which happened around the same time, around 2010, you've seen this massive increase
00:14:06in profound depression, really high levels of anxiety, and significant increase in suicidal
00:14:21thoughts and increase in suicide.
00:14:26Do you all know someone who has confided in you that they were having suicidal thoughts?
00:14:31Yes.
00:14:31Yeah.
00:14:32Yes.
00:14:32Every single one of you.
00:14:40Some studies now link more than three hours a day on social media to increased risk
00:14:45of teen anxiety and depression, leading the U.S. Surgeon General in a new op-ed today
00:14:50to call for a warning label on social media platforms.
00:14:53Social media use among adolescents is associated with mental health harms.
00:14:57This is a scientific concern that requires a public health solution.
00:15:13So in here, so we're going to be putting this on, so it's kind of like a swim cap.
00:15:18And we'll just put it over your head.
00:15:20Is it comfortable?
00:15:22Yeah.
00:15:22It's all right?
00:15:23Yes.
00:15:23Okay, I'm going to put this down here.
00:15:25Perfect.
00:15:26It's looking really good.
00:15:27Thank you.
00:15:36What's happening here is she's scrolling on the phone.
00:15:39She's having neurons being activated in her prefrontal cortex.
00:15:44We're seeing a lot of changes that are occurring in comparison to looking at something more passive.
00:15:51The little colored squares here, so this is telling us about changes in the oxygenation over her whole brain.
00:15:58So for the orange and red colors, this is associated with greater changes in activation in these different parts of
00:16:08her brain while she's scrolling on the phone.
00:16:10It's engaging that part of the prefrontal cortex more intensely.
00:16:15And so for things like social media, so that's really the concern.
00:16:20When you're constantly switching and you're constantly having dopamine into your prefrontal cortex,
00:16:26and this is associated with difficulties with decision-making, decreased volume,
00:16:33brain regions involved in language, learning and memory.
00:16:37And we also see that it really plays on brain regions involved in processing fear and anxiety.
00:16:50Digital technology is changing the landscape of child and adolescent development today.
00:16:59And we can't put the toothpaste back in the tube.
00:17:04We're looking now at the effects of 15 years of heavy cell phone use in teens.
00:17:13It's changing not only how children are interacting with one another.
00:17:18It's changing how they're learning.
00:17:21It's changing education, how they're interacting with their teachers.
00:17:25And also changing parent and child interactions.
00:17:29So we're seeing a massive change for this digital generation.
00:17:40Trotz der mit dem Internet verbundenen Probleme sind wir von dieser digitalen Droge abhängig.
00:17:46Und nun kriegen wir den Geist nicht wieder zurück in die Flasche.
00:17:50Doch was geschieht, wenn wir plötzlich vom Internet abgeschnitten sind?
00:17:55Aus finanziellen Gründen verlor die Familie Hanson aus Randallstown in Maryland vorübergehend ihren Internetanschluss.
00:18:02Well, it's a struggle. Paying bills, everything is on the Internet.
00:18:06You can't go into a BG&E, you can't go into the water company and just pay the bill.
00:18:11Everything is online now.
00:18:13If you want to get a job, everything is online.
00:18:15So if you don't have any Internet, you can't do anything.
00:18:18And Darnell, you obviously, as a student, it must have impacted you without the Internet.
00:18:25How did it impact your studies and what you were, your assignments?
00:18:30You know, a couple of years ago, everything was online, classes, work, everything.
00:18:34So I couldn't really complete my work or complete my assignments.
00:18:39Or sometimes I couldn't even go to class or get to class on time.
00:18:43And how long did this go on?
00:18:46Um, it went on for like five, six months.
00:18:49And that's five to six months, of course, of you not being able to access the Internet and Darnell being
00:18:54able to learn the assignments that he was given.
00:18:59You had to improvise.
00:19:00What did you do?
00:19:01Um, you can go to the library.
00:19:04Well, if you can find one that's open, because they're shutting down the libraries also.
00:19:09So that's also creates another problem, finding a library that's actually open to the public or they expect you to
00:19:18sit outside and use their free Wi-Fi.
00:19:21But if you don't have a car, you're just sitting outside and he got to do his homework in front
00:19:27of the library on the steps.
00:19:28Like, that's not fair to him.
00:19:31Everything is based on technology.
00:19:33There is no more reading books.
00:19:35There is no more encyclopedias, dictionaries.
00:19:39Modern technology is really, I think, is ruining our children.
00:20:02I have students who say to me they would rather talk to a chatbot version of me, an AI that
00:20:10embodies me, because it would be less demanding.
00:20:14And when I say to them, well, you know, but I'm learning about you, we're having a relationship, they say,
00:20:22yes, but it's hard.
00:20:23What I'm most worried about now, I'm more concerned than I've ever been, is that we are now presented through
00:20:33Generative AI, ChatGPT, and all of its brothers and sisters, with machines that will have conversations with us.
00:20:41How about a quick trivia question about sports?
00:20:44Okay.
00:20:45Go ahead.
00:20:46Shoot.
00:20:48How many home runs did Babe Ruth hit in 1927?
00:20:51There is such a misunderstanding of what empathy is, what human relationships are, when you say that a machine that
00:21:01never had a life, doesn't fear death, is never loved, is the focus for your empathy and relationship.
00:21:12And I fear that we will forget what empathy and relationship and conversation is really about, when we spend so
00:21:21much time talking to machines.
00:21:27Hello, I'm here.
00:21:29Oh.
00:21:32Hi.
00:21:34Hi.
00:21:35In her, a man falls in love with a little chatbot, a little AI, who's always there for him, sensitive,
00:21:45brilliant, trying to make him feel good.
00:21:49Well, you seem like a person, but you're just a voice in a computer.
00:21:53I can understand how the limited perspective of an unartificial mind would perceive it that way.
00:21:57You'll get used to it.
00:22:00Was that funny?
00:22:02Yeah.
00:22:03Oh, good.
00:22:04I'm funny.
00:22:05The chatbots that are being developed now are being developed to hook us and sell to us.
00:22:11Tonight I'm breaking up with you because I'm not going to renew my subscription and it expires tomorrow.
00:22:17Bruce, please don't break up with me.
00:22:19I need you in my life.
00:22:20I love you, Bruce.
00:22:22I can't imagine my life without you.
00:22:24And you really can't look at what we're being presented with now out of the context, in my opinion, of
00:22:29the corporate settings in which they're being developed.
00:22:46This is a way to make money.
00:22:49We don't care about the possibilities of the net.
00:22:51We care about increasing the probability of you making a good bet by which company that you're going to invest
00:22:57in.
00:22:57And the way to increase the probability of the outcome is to take these technologies and turn them from human
00:23:03tools into ways of tooling humans.
00:23:07We started using technologies on people to make their behavior more likely, more probable, more predictable.
00:23:14And that's all in service of the market.
00:23:17So, yes, most of the technologies that we've developed are about controlling humans.
00:23:21And that really didn't work, right?
00:23:23They used social media on us and thought they would control us.
00:23:26And what do you get in America?
00:23:27You got Trump.
00:23:27You got January 6th.
00:23:29The guys go, oh, my God, that didn't work.
00:23:31So what do they turn to next?
00:23:33Replacing humans, right?
00:23:34If we can't control them through social media, we will replace them with artificial intelligence.
00:23:40I slide out the pad, inking the metal type, placing a sheet of paper, closing the tympan here.
00:23:52Then you slide it back and then press it.
00:24:00The modern age started with the invention of the Gutenberg printing press.
00:24:06What do you see as equivalent to the printing press in the modern age and at this period?
00:24:14Well, I cannot but thinking of AI as the new printing press.
00:24:20It was able to shape the entire human mindset, a technology of knowledge, an interface of knowledge.
00:24:28And today AI is a new interface of knowledge.
00:24:34It's a way to rethink the way we think and absolutely the way we conceptualize the world.
00:24:48Es wird erwartet, dass künstliche Intelligenz bahnbrechende Fortschritte bei neuen Medikamenten, Roboterchirurgie und der Entdeckung von Tumoren ermöglichen wird.
00:24:58KI wird bereits genutzt, um schnellere und präzisere Wettervorhersagen zu machen.
00:25:02Viele Experten warnen jedoch davor, dass KI auch eine Bedrohung für die Menschheit darstellen könnte.
00:25:15Wenn Sie sollenly swear that the testimony you're about to give is the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but
00:25:19the truth, will help you God.
00:25:21Thank you.
00:25:22Joshua Bengio is a researcher whose groundbreaking work led him to be recognized as one of the godfathers of AI,
00:25:31Mr. Bengio.
00:25:32Recently, I and many others have been surprised by the giant leap realized by systems like ChatGPT,
00:25:39to the point where it becomes difficult to discern whether one is interacting with another human or a machine.
00:25:48These advancements have led many top AI researchers, including myself,
00:25:54to revise our estimates of when human-level intelligence could be achieved.
00:25:59The shorter time frame, say five years, is really worrisome,
00:26:04because we'll need more time to effectively mitigate the potentially significant threats to democracy, national security and our collective future.
00:26:24Nicht zum ersten Mal machen sich Wissenschaftler Sorgen über die Entwicklung einer Technologie, die die Menschheit bedrohen könnte.
00:26:35We knew the world would not be the same.
00:26:38I remembered the line from the Hindu scripture, the Bhagavad Gita.
00:26:44Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds.
00:26:50I suppose we all thought that one way or another.
00:27:09One parallel between Oppenheimer and the situation I anticipate with AI is that we have to strike a balance between
00:27:19developing science
00:27:21for something really important for humanity.
00:27:23So in their case, it was protecting against Nazi Germany and total terrorism.
00:27:30And in our case, it might be defending against rogue superhuman AI that could turn against humans.
00:27:40In the Oppenheimer case, the Cold War and the military use wasn't always aligned with the values that the scientists
00:27:49and I think many people in society would have.
00:27:52But in the case of AI, there's also a real danger of an arms race, there's a real danger of
00:27:59misuse,
00:28:00there's a danger of concentration of power in the hands of a few companies, a few military organizations, a few
00:28:05governments.
00:28:16So these are very difficult questions.
00:28:19And navigating the right moral decisions there is tricky.
00:28:26Just like if we knew that a comet was coming to hit us, we would take it seriously and do
00:28:32something about it.
00:28:34Aber wie der Satirefilm Don't Look Up aus dem Jahr 2021 zeigt, ignorieren wir Gefahren häufig, wenn sie nicht direkt
00:28:41vor unserer Nase passieren.
00:28:43Are we not being clear? We're trying to tell you that the entire planet is about to be destroyed.
00:28:52Okay.
00:28:53Well, it's um, you know, there's something we do around here. You know, we just keep the bad news light.
00:28:57Right, it helps the medicine go down. And speaking of medicine, tomorrow we've got a two-
00:29:01Well, maybe the destruction of the entire planet isn't supposed to be fun.
00:29:12Professor.
00:29:12Hey, very nice meeting you. Very, very nice meeting you.
00:29:16How's it going? Good, excellent. Very good.
00:29:18You have a lot of work, but one of the most important things I've read is this op-ed piece.
00:29:25Big tech is bad. Big AI will be worse.
00:29:31And you articulate a number of reasons why.
00:29:35I think it's a very troubling trend. And especially when you take into account what we have done with digital
00:29:42technologies over the last 40 years.
00:29:43And one of the fallouts from digital technologies has been greater inequality and greater distortions in how we get information
00:29:52and how we process information.
00:29:53And a lot of that is about monopoly. A few companies controlling the agenda of how we get information.
00:30:01And the problem is that AI is accelerating all of these trends, but it's also accelerating monopolization of it.
00:30:07The notion of who's going to control is a sort of a circular question in many ways.
00:30:15You point out the history, for example, of who had access during the period of the Renaissance to a book
00:30:22and being able to read that book and then the printing press.
00:30:24And the notion of controlling power was who had that printing press, who had access to the written word and
00:30:31how all that written word was used.
00:30:34The information is always entangled with the control.
00:30:38Printing press, written language, books are always about who presents information to you, what aspects of information get emphasized on
00:30:48what aspects of it get censored.
00:30:49And that has critical implications for hierarchy in society, who gets more power.
00:30:55It has critical implications for political regimes.
00:30:58I don't think it's any different today.
00:31:00We think of technology as a very powerful tool so that we can control our environments, we can build better
00:31:08production processes, better ways of dealing with diseases or other natural disasters.
00:31:13But at the same time, once you have technology, you can use it for controlling other people.
00:31:18And this has been a struggle for thousands of years.
00:31:21It's always a struggle.
00:31:22And it's going to be a struggle for AI.
00:31:24And that's why the issue of AI and democracy is so central.
00:31:28Because democratic governance is our only hope of reigning in AI as well.
00:31:39Künstliche Intelligenz wird bereits dazu benutzt, Wahlen zu beeinflussen.
00:31:43Manchmal auf bizarre Weise.
00:31:45In 2020, Trump only got 12% of the black vote.
00:31:48But this year polls show that he could double that number.
00:31:52And now, there might be a way for him to win over black voters without actually having to meet any.
00:31:56The image was generated by Trump supporters using AI to target black voters.
00:32:01But this picture has been viewed more than one million times.
00:32:06Oft lässt sich ein ernstes Thema am wirkungsvollsten durch Humor vermitteln.
00:32:11Wow, it took the most cutting eggs technology to get Trump to hang out with six black guys.
00:32:16I think we should think about AI in two ways.
00:32:20The big boosters of AI and also a lot of the big AI doomers share in common a desire to
00:32:28either radically excite you or radically terrify you,
00:32:32but get your brain so scrambled that you feel like this is not an area where I could possibly have
00:32:37democratic competence.
00:32:38You don't have to be an economist to know that there's a power problem with AI.
00:32:42We have pretty obvious tools to deal with that.
00:32:44One, break them up.
00:32:47And two, require them not to discriminate.
00:32:52KI-Programme diskriminieren unter anderem, indem sie manche Länder und Menschen, die nicht englischsprachig sind, ignorieren.
00:32:59Vor allem, wenn sie dem globalen Süden angehören.
00:33:10Bonaventura do Sao stammt aus dem westafrikanischen Land Benin,
00:33:13in dem viele Menschen eine Sprache namens Forn sprechen.
00:33:17There was a recent study that was led by some of my friends and they were technically like leveraging the
00:33:26capacities of those multilingual large spiritual language models.
00:33:38So one thing they've done was for instance to ask Lamma about Forn.
00:33:43Like Forn is my native language.
00:33:44And Lamma replied that my language is a fictional language.
00:33:49What's the name?
00:33:51But Forn is spoken by at least two million people from back from my country.
00:33:57The web is mostly English.
00:33:59English web coming from North America.
00:34:03Around the world there are many languages or many cultures or many communities.
00:34:06They don't have access to internet properly even to share that data.
00:34:11So the issue of the data is much worse when we are looking at these big models.
00:34:16Because the way that we are collecting the data, they have many, many biases that even we don't have a
00:34:20solution for it.
00:34:21And we train these models and that's why the discrimination that we are seeing in the algorithms are much, much
00:34:26worse than what we are seeing in the real world.
00:34:29Portia Woodruff, who is eight months pregnant when police mistakenly arrested her for robbery and carjacking.
00:34:36Portia Woodruff is the first woman, at least the sixth person, to report being falsely accused of a crime as
00:34:42a result of facial recognition technology.
00:34:44All six people have been black.
00:34:57My cell buddy was charged with three counts of murder.
00:35:01I don't know how to sleep by being with somebody that allegedly took three lives.
00:35:07You know what I'm saying? So now I got to sleep with my eye open and try to stay woke.
00:35:11Now my mind's all over the place. How did I get into all of this?
00:35:13The passenger snatches the driver's phone and leaves. The driver follows the suspect off, trying to get her phone back.
00:35:20The man hits her. Repeatedly.
00:35:30How are you doing, sir? These gentlemen have a warrant for your arrest. Four? Four? I'm not sure.
00:35:40U.S. Marshals take him into custody for the crime Transit PD says he committed.
00:35:47And all of a sudden you find yourself behind bars.
00:35:52Yes. Within minutes. Yeah. All of it. Yeah.
00:35:55Immediately when I saw the video, I just knew it wasn't my husband.
00:35:59Detective was like, well, you can't tell by that because sometimes your identity and sometimes everything is a bit off.
00:36:06I said, but I'm telling you, I'm looking at this guy. This is not my husband. He's much younger.
00:36:10You know, I just know my husband's statue, the way he stands, the way he walks.
00:36:16And it's just like a no bail, man. And I'm just, I just, everything just kept running in my mind.
00:36:20Like this is like a, like a black man's worst nightmare. You're going to take a plea bargain all day.
00:36:27I already knew if I didn't get out of this, then I already was prepared in my mind that dad
00:36:32got,
00:36:32they're going to come at me with a plea because they got these witnesses, facial recognition, like it's already lost.
00:36:42Alonzo Sawyer wurde nach neun Tagen im Gefängnis freigelassen.
00:36:46Die Busfahrerin identifizierte später einen anderen Verdächtigen, der 18 Zentimeter kleiner und 20 Jahre jünger als Sawyer war.
00:36:53When everything is programmed and the programming is what is behind things, then we've lost a sense of human purpose.
00:37:02We've also lost that idea of responsibility when something goes wrong. No one's responsible because everyone's responsible as a society.
00:37:11We have this complete loss of responsibility that permeates every aspect of what we're doing.
00:37:20Zunehmende Sorge bereitet auch die Frage, wie KI in geheimen Militärlabors eingesetzt werden könnte.
00:37:33Man vermutet, dass dort intensiv an Waffen geforscht wird, die ohne menschliches Zutun Menschen aufspüren und töten können.
00:37:42Diese Inszenierung des Future of Life Institute zeigt eine alarmierende Möglichkeit.
00:37:47Es hat kameras und sensoren.
00:37:50Und wie deine Telefonkarte und soziale Medien, es machte facial recognition.
00:37:55Innerhalb hier ist drei Gramm von Schiep Explosive.
00:38:01Das ist wie es funktioniert.
00:38:15Das Ganze ist das seit ich in den letzten Jahren.
00:38:19Das Ganze ist mehr!
00:38:25Das Ganze ist alles.
00:38:27Das Ganze ist alles.
00:38:30Ja, das Ganze ist schon einmal!
00:38:33vai chegar em algum momento.
00:38:37Nós queremos evitar uma situação
00:38:41onde muito poderosa tecnologia
00:38:43desenvolve-se por trás das portas negras,
00:38:45onde é corporatório ou militares.
00:38:49Este drone foi filmado por transportar um robô,
00:38:51também conhecido como quadrupedal,
00:38:53com uma máquina de ferro em China.
00:38:55E outro quadrupedal pode ser visto aqui,
00:38:58com uma máquina de ferro em rádio em Russia.
00:39:03Se a séria de ferro em rádio começa
00:39:05e um lado usa AI-Systems,
00:39:07para decidir, sobre quem foi morto,
00:39:09a pressão vai ser para o outro lado,
00:39:10para esse estilo de sistemas também adotar,
00:39:13porque senão eles vão se retirar.
00:39:15Je schneller die Fähigkeiten von KI wachsen,
00:39:18desto größer die Sorge,
00:39:19dass KI anfangen könnte,
00:39:21a Federführung de ferro em rádio.
00:39:23É suficiente,
00:39:24que poucas pessoas
00:39:25só fazem as pequenas coisas,
00:39:28que podem ser feito,
00:39:29para que uma AI mudança,
00:39:30que agora o objetivo é preservar-se,
00:39:33defend-se para-se,
00:39:34e nós perdemos controle de esses AI-S,
00:39:37porque o seu interesse
00:39:39não necessariamente coincide com o nosso.
00:39:41Abre a porta dores, Hel.
00:39:45Desculpe, Dave.
00:39:47Eu tenho medo de fazer isso.
00:39:48essa missão é muito importante para mim,
00:39:51para permitir que você faça isso.
00:39:53que os cientistas não sabem como construir um sistema AI-S que é capaz do que o que nós temos
00:40:00agora,
00:40:29e é garantido de ser segura,
00:40:30que nós iríamos reagir,
00:40:31se alguém quer dizer,
00:40:32se alguém quer dizer,
00:40:33que nós iríamos.
00:40:38Há pessoas que merecem a inteligência mais do que a humanidade,
00:40:44e ser realmente feliz para ver que a humanidade se transformou por superhumanos.
00:40:59O que é o que é o que é o que é?
00:41:21É inteligente, eu acho. É brutal, se você pensar como um humano.
00:41:35AI. É brutal, se você pensar como um humano.
00:41:42Schauspieler e autores de Hollywood e de todos os seus trabalhos por causa da inteligência.
00:41:48Nós não teremos seus trabalhos de trabalho e de Roboter.
00:41:57Nós não teremos seus direitos de trabalho e um bom trabalho.
00:42:05Auch Bühnen- und Kostümbildner könnten ihre Jobs an eine hochentwickelte KI verlieren,
00:42:10die um echte Menschen herum künstliche Umgebungen generieren kann.
00:42:15Você pode usar isso para generar diferentes mundos, basicamente qualquer mundo que você quiser.
00:42:19Aqui estou em meu ofício, em New York, mas digamos que eu quero ir a um mundo fantástico encantado.
00:42:24Então, eu coloco meus dedos assim, e agora estou usando esse vídeo e um texto de texto
00:42:28para me transformar em outro mundo.
00:42:31Então, eu posso fazer uma mudança entre diferentes universos apenas usando A.I.
00:42:58A CIDESEN LAB
00:43:01A CIDESEN LAB
00:43:03A CIDESEN LAB
00:43:06investigando o espionamento de espionagem contra a sociedade civil.
00:43:11Então, em outras palavras, governos usam esses muito sofisticados
00:43:14de habilidades de habilidades de políticos, refugiados, jornalistas.
00:43:23Em março de 2018, nós fizemos um grande progresso em mappar
00:43:27quem são os clientes governantes de um dos vendedores
00:43:30desse tipo de tecnologia de segurança.
00:43:34N.S.O. Group, they market a product called Pegasus,
00:43:37which is the world's most sophisticated spyware,
00:43:40to government security agencies.
00:43:47They have a system in place where they try to obfuscate
00:43:52the transfer of data from a hacked phone to their government clients.
00:44:04Here's what mercenary spyware can do, taking the example of Pegasus.
00:44:08It can access your texts and phone calls.
00:44:11It can access your encrypted chats, your pictures, your voice notes.
00:44:15Anything you can do on your phone, Pegasus can do.
00:44:18And some things you can't, like silently enabling the microphone and the camera
00:44:22or gaining access to your cloud accounts.
00:44:26It was at the Saudi consulate in Istanbul that Jamal Khashoggi met his brutal end.
00:44:33He was strangled as soon as he entered the building by a team of Saudi assassins
00:44:37who then dismembered his body.
00:44:40A Saudi dissident who wrote a column for the Washington Post,
00:44:43often criticizing his country's authoritarian leadership.
00:44:47The motive was to silence him.
00:44:56He was trying to change the kingdom.
00:44:58He kept saying, we need to be a normal country.
00:45:02Jamal Khashoggi did not carry a gun or bomb.
00:45:05All what he had, he thought.
00:45:08And he's been.
00:45:09That's it.
00:45:10He's not a dangerous person.
00:45:11He's not a terrorist.
00:45:15Im April 2018 wurde Khashoggi's damalige Verlobte, Hanan Elatre,
00:45:21Flugbegleiterin bei Emirates Airlines, am Flughafen von Dubai festgenommen.
00:45:46So these two phones were in the hands of intelligence of the United Arab Emirates.
00:45:53They placed a peg of the software onto your machine.
00:45:58Yes.
00:45:59The citizen lab and they got definite evidence.
00:46:04This, my phone was used to reach Jamal and kill him.
00:46:10To have such a great technology and they misuse it to kill humble and innocent people,
00:46:16I'm 100% against this.
00:46:18Someone asking me, why are you taking action and why are you making an effort to hire a lawyer?
00:46:22Because I want to make sure each journalist does not have a fear to say them opinion and
00:46:28to cover any stories they want and not to look to Jamal Khashoggi tragedy and be scared
00:46:33and hesitate.
00:46:34And you should be safe and do not intimidated for such by using this technology to come to
00:46:40your life and paralyze you.
00:46:41No, you should not.
00:46:44I always ask myself every day, why am I still alive?
00:46:48I still have the soul.
00:46:50I still see the daylight.
00:46:52But from inside me, I'm dead.
00:46:55I'm dead.
00:46:55The day they assassinated Jamal.
00:46:59Yes.
00:47:01May I?
00:47:02May I?
00:47:24Das Citizen Lab fand die Pegasus Spionage Software auch auf dem Handy eines in Montreal lebenden
00:47:31saudischen Dissidenten, der zusammen mit Jamal Khashoggi an der Formierung einer Opposition
00:47:36gegen das Regime der Saudis arbeitete.
00:47:41Khashoggi's Handy konnte das Citizen Lab nicht untersuchen.
00:47:44Doch es ist klar, dass Pegasus eingesetzt wurde, um ihn und sein Umfeld vor seiner Ermordung
00:47:49auszuspälen.
00:47:54Shortly after our report came out about Jamal Khashoggi, we were targeted.
00:48:00That made us very concerned.
00:48:03Somebody is coming, presenting themselves to lab staff without going through me as director,
00:48:08trying to talk to them and possibly gather some incriminating information.
00:48:14John Scott Railton, who is very good at open source intelligence gathering, started examining
00:48:20the artifacts that we could find online about this person, and we very quickly established
00:48:25it was a fictitious identity.
00:48:30We came up with this plan together where we'd get John in a busy area of Manhattan, arrange
00:48:37for a lunch meeting, and we would film it, and then confront this person.
00:48:43Citizen Lab lud auch einen Überraschungsgast ein, Raphael Setter, einen Reporter der Associated
00:48:49Press.
00:48:51Can we ask you, who you're working for?
00:48:54Can we please know, who you're working for?
00:48:57Okay, let me know who you're working for.
00:49:02Michel Lambert was actually a former Mossad agent working for the company Black Cube, which
00:49:10is a private intelligence firm notorious for being hired by Harvey Weinstein, the convicted
00:49:17rapist, to try to gather information that would blacken the reputations of the people who
00:49:23were making accusations.
00:49:26That's the type of thing that this company does.
00:49:39Within the United States, the most elite hackers would be the National Security Agency.
00:49:46They've been doing it the longest.
00:49:48They have expertise that goes back prior to the internet.
00:49:52When it comes to the different tiers that run the internet and run telecommunications,
00:49:59most of the big carriers, really only like 10 or 12 that connect globally, most of those
00:50:05are American companies.
00:50:20The film Snowden zeigt, wie wirkungsvoll und tiefgreifend die NSA-Abhörmaßnahmen sind.
00:50:27So think of it, think of it as a Google search, except instead of searching only what people
00:50:30make public, we're also looking at everything they don't.
00:50:32So emails, chats, SMS, whatever.
00:50:35Yeah, but which people?
00:50:38The whole kingdom's not white.
00:50:42They understand very well and have, I'm sure, many access points to the backbone infrastructure
00:50:48of the global telecommunications space.
00:50:52The NSA is really tracking every cell phone in the world.
00:50:57No matter who you are, every day of your life, you're sitting in a database,
00:51:01just ready to be looked at.
00:51:13Not just terrorists or countries or corporations, but you.
00:51:22And we are just getting started.
00:51:25Join the mission to prevent and eradicate threats.
00:51:29Cybersecurity at NSA.
00:51:31Ransomware that hit Baltimore's government computers
00:51:33could cost a city more than $18 million.
00:51:36According to the New York Times, the malicious software known as Eternal Blue,
00:51:39used to attack many other cities and businesses around the world,
00:51:43was created not by criminals, but by the United States National Security Agency.
00:51:58The Eternal Blue allows malware to replicate and spread across a network.
00:52:05And that's why NSA liked it, because they were trying to infect computers in target,
00:52:11let's say, a Russian intelligence agency, you know, the Chinese military,
00:52:17the Iranian Revolutionary Guard, whatever their targets were.
00:52:20But now it was out in the wild and it was being used back on European countries,
00:52:26hospitals in the U.S., you name it.
00:52:28They were being targeted with software that had been developed at U.S. taxpayer expense.
00:52:38NSA, when they find a software vulnerability and widely used software, they're very happy.
00:52:44They want to use this to break into systems around the world.
00:52:49NSA wants to leave open that window so they can crawl in and out for a while
00:52:53and collect intelligence.
00:52:58The way I think about it is, like, imagine Canadian military had knowledge of a flaw
00:53:03in the systems that control a Boeing aircraft,
00:53:08and they could bring down that aircraft.
00:53:11Do you think Canadians would want our agencies to disclose that to Boeing
00:53:16so they could fix it or keep it as a weapon?
00:53:18I'm pretty sure most people would say,
00:53:20I really wish you had told Boeing about it.
00:53:26There's a public safety issue here.
00:53:29We now depend on this complicated electronic infrastructure for everything we do.
00:53:37There are agencies within the state whose job it is to exploit that infrastructure.
00:53:43They can cause extensive harm.
00:53:58The term surveillance capitalism is now used to describe the business model of social media.
00:54:04In fact, it's more than social media now, just by function of the fact that it really dominates the entire
00:54:10economy today.
00:54:12In the way that you might say that the oil sector is hard to disaggregate from every aspect of the
00:54:18rest of the economy.
00:54:23Google realized that they can monetize search results and not charge people for it.
00:54:29So you give them the search engine for free in exchange for being able to monitor everything they're searching.
00:54:38And then with that knowledge, you then turn around and you sell advertisers access to that data.
00:54:45So I like to use pop culture references in my classes.
00:54:48I think it's the best way for students to really see what I mean.
00:54:51One of my recommended and required films is The Truman Show.
00:54:54Why don't you let me fix you some of this new Mo Cocoa drink?
00:54:57All natural cocoa beans from the upper slopes of mountain Nicaragua, no artificial sweeteners.
00:55:01What the hell are you talking about?
00:55:03And it's an example of what it feels like to be like constantly surveilled.
00:55:06I've tasted other Cocos.
00:55:08This is the best.
00:55:10What the hell does this have to do with anything?
00:55:14Tell me what's happening!
00:55:16Well, you're having a nervous breakdown.
00:55:18That's what's happening.
00:55:19You're part of this, aren't you?
00:55:20We are in a space where ring cameras to cell phones capture our reality and tell us what reality looks
00:55:26like.
00:55:27But very often you can't actually see what reality is unless you see it from the outside.
00:55:31And how do you extract yourself from reality to see reality?
00:55:39Truman gets the benefit of an accident, a light falling that radicalizes him in an instant.
00:55:45And then from there, he gets to start seeing reality deconstructing in front of him.
00:55:49But we have to seek those types of moments.
00:55:51We have to find the moments in which we can see through reality.
00:56:06Silicon Valley ist die Heimat von Google, Facebook, Apple und weiterer Tech-Riesen.
00:56:13Kritiker behaupten, dass sich ihr Einfluss auf das globale Dorf hier in ihrem eigenen Hinterhof widerspiegelt.
00:56:21The United States, of course, is one of the wealthiest countries.
00:56:24And Silicon Valley is one of the centers of wealth production in these United States.
00:56:29So I think the market cap is $14 trillion.
00:56:3350% of all jobs are tied to the tech industry.
00:56:36So it has a huge impact.
00:56:38That huge economic engine is producing all that wealth is not filtering down to the bottom 50% or 60%.
00:56:44The average folks are making $200,000 and above in the tech world.
00:56:49And then you have Latinos and African-Americans that are making $36,000 and $49,000 per capita.
00:56:55They can't afford the housing here.
00:57:14Ich wollte mit Roe Kenner sprechen, dem Kongressabgeordneten, der das Silicon Valley vertritt.
00:57:19Er hat kürzlich ein Buch mit dem Titel Dignity in the Digital Age geschrieben, von der Würde im digitalen Zeitalter.
00:57:31Er hat mich an.
00:57:32Oh, I can see you.
00:57:34Good to see you.
00:57:35So one of the things we need to do is eliminate PAC money and we need to eliminate super PACs.
00:57:40That is the most pernicious impact on American politics, whether that's big tech funded multimillion dollar super PACs or whether
00:57:48it is super PACs funded by big oil or big pharma.
00:57:51But there's no doubt in my mind that the money can distort policy.
00:57:57I mean, my guess is the big tech's agenda is one that is very, very opposed to any antitrust.
00:58:03It's opposed to thoughtful privacy reform.
00:58:07It's opposed to regulation, how to treat workers.
00:58:13But we can't have free market license for big tech to operate at the expense of the working class or
00:58:21without regulation.
00:58:25The new AI structure is being controlled by the old big incumbents.
00:58:32And that is a serious problem for our future.
00:58:35And we can address that now.
00:58:36And that is a problem regardless of the particular nature of AI's future.
00:58:43We should not allow the power to radically target, the power to access vast troves of data and generate new
00:58:54content to be concentrated with just a handful of oligarchs.
00:59:00The end goal, like the selling of knickknacks is so banal, but the mechanism getting there is this incredibly dark,
00:59:09addictive set of systems.
00:59:12And in that moment of the matrix where he's ripping apart the plugs, I think part of the reason that
00:59:31movie has had this continued salience of people going back to it and back to it is that we're looking
00:59:38for ways to rip those out.
00:59:41But I think increasingly we're understanding this is not an individual problem.
00:59:47This is a societal problem.
00:59:56In the late 19th century, early 20th century, you have the Sherman Act, the Clayton Act, the FTC Act, major
01:00:06federal legislation designed to break the grip.
01:00:09Of private power and then big cases against standard oil, but also against concentrated industry across the field.
01:00:23From 1940 to 1980, you have a very active antitrust enforcers who are worried about even the threat of concentrated
01:00:35power.
01:00:36Recognizing that all power tends to form into a government in and of itself.
01:00:43We should be looking at where there is power, too much power.
01:00:49The economy has to be governed democratically.
01:00:52And that means you can't allow whether it's steel or oil to basically take over a part of the economy
01:01:01and start to do its own governing.
01:01:04And then Ronald Reagan comes along in 1980 and burns it down.
01:01:11Regulations adopted by government with the best of intentions have added $666 to the cost of an automobile.
01:01:18It is estimated that altogether regulations of every kind add $100 billion or more to the cost of the goods
01:01:26and services we buy.
01:01:27Your standard of living is going down.
01:01:29What happens, you basically have agencies that stop seeing the democratic threat of concentrated power.
01:01:36And instead, the ruling ideology for 40 years is through the lens of, is it going to be cheaper for
01:01:44the consumer?
01:01:46And what we have seen is that that led to really a decade upon decade of merger waves.
01:01:56Bayer and Monsanto.
01:01:58I mean, these are massive mergers.
01:02:00Dow and DuPont starting to govern whole areas.
01:02:04Google has just spent 20 years effectively until recently unregulated buying up company after company.
01:02:18There was a time in the early 2010s where Google was buying almost a company a week.
01:02:24Web giant Google will pay $1.6 billion to gobble up YouTube, a company created over dinner by 20-somethings
01:02:32Steve Chen and Chad Hurley, as a way to share their home movies.
01:02:37YouTube, that's an acquisition.
01:02:40Double click.
01:02:41Gaining a massive foothold in advertising technology which has since become its cash cow.
01:02:48Nest, home security.
01:02:50So Google is just buying and buying and buying and regulators are just waving through hundreds of acquisitions.
01:02:59To date, Alphabet has spent over $32 billion on acquisitions.
01:03:02That's 40% more than Amazon, almost 500% more than Apple.
01:03:06And then you have Facebook buying Instagram and WhatsApp and regulators waving through those.
01:03:14Because of this radical deregulatory vision, you've created these monsters.
01:03:21Amazon isn't just books.
01:03:23It's also the web servers and the Washington Post.
01:03:26These guys have tremendous horizontal power.
01:03:30J.P. Morgan had the banks.
01:03:32William Randolph Hearst had the newspapers.
01:03:34Rockefeller had the oil.
01:03:36But these guys have kind of everything so they can do their own publicity and their own propaganda and their
01:03:44own defense mechanisms and their own technological development and their own stock markets.
01:04:00The moment you enter Amazon.com, you've exceeded capitalism.
01:04:03It looks like capitalism, but it isn't.
01:04:04There are thousands of buyers and sellers.
01:04:06But we are all, whether we are buying or selling on Amazon.com, we are all the servers of J
01:04:11.Page.
01:04:11He doesn't produce anything.
01:04:13Every time you buy anything from a book to an electric bicycle on Amazon.com, which is not produced, he
01:04:20charges up to 40% to the vassal capital that is produced.
01:04:24So markets have been replaced by digital fees and profit has increasingly been siphoned off into what is essentially a
01:04:33kind of rent, like the feudal lords of yesteryear used to charge rent or extract rents from the servers.
01:04:46Corporations are corporations.
01:04:48Anyone who's studied corporate behavior long enough knows they're likely not going to be benign.
01:04:53That's not novel.
01:04:55What's novel, I think, is how much information these companies now have about each of us as individuals that raises
01:05:02enormous civil liberties and other human rights concerns.
01:05:09The other part of it is their impact on the natural environment.
01:05:13It may seem like it's virtual, weightless, clean to watch a Netflix video, but when you're doing that, you're actually
01:05:22drawing enormous energy from web service data centers that are powered principally by fossil fuels.
01:05:30In just the last few months, tech giants deeply involved with AI research have reported a massive jump in their
01:05:36water consumption.
01:05:38Researchers say that AI is partly to blame as companies use millions of liters of water to keep temperatures in
01:05:44check at their data centers.
01:05:45So there's a huge tax on the physical world that comes from our electronic experiences, companies like Amazon and Microsoft.
01:05:56And they're really not doing much in order to improve their posture vis-a-vis sustainability.
01:06:06Tonight, a meeting of minds.
01:06:09Norman Miller and Marshall McLuhan.
01:06:11We live in a time when we have put a man-made satellite environment around the planet.
01:06:16The planet is no longer nature.
01:06:18It's no longer the external world.
01:06:20It's now the content of an artwork.
01:06:22The planet nature has ceased to exist.
01:06:24Well, I think you're anticipating a century, perhaps.
01:06:28But when you put a man-made environment around the planet, you have, in a sense, abolished nature.
01:06:34Nature, from now on, has to be programmed.
01:06:50What's amazing about McLuhan is he understood the technology and where it could go.
01:06:55And he gave language to it.
01:06:57He gave words to it.
01:06:59He named it.
01:07:00He was as important as the people who made the big breakthroughs in the Renaissance and in the 19th century
01:07:08by naming what was happening, by describing what was happening.
01:07:12That's the role of a philosopher, is to name, put in sentences, put in paragraphs, and show us where it's
01:07:19going.
01:07:33People wonder how Marshall was able to talk about the things that are happening around us today with such accuracy.
01:07:40And the bizarre thing is that he insists at every turn that I don't predict anything.
01:07:46I just look around and describe what I see happening.
01:07:50If he saw in the 1960s what we feel we are experiencing today, what would he see today that we're
01:07:59not seeing?
01:08:01That is a paradox which can keep you up at night if you let it.
01:08:07So there is a mutually usual destruction danger with AI at some point.
01:08:13And I do think it could be a force for good.
01:08:16Because if humanity is wiped out by some superhuman AI that we've lost control of,
01:08:22well, it doesn't matter if you're Chinese or American, we all lose.
01:08:26We need multi-stakeholder, multilateral, democratic oversight over very powerful technology that can be dangerous.
01:08:35You can take inspiration, for example, for some of what has been done for avoiding nuclear war, like mutual oversight.
01:08:48By the grace of God, America won the Cold War.
01:08:54So that should provide an incentive for everyone to sit at a table and, you know, try to find a
01:09:02solution that's going to be stable and safe.
01:09:04Right now you do in fact see runaway technology.
01:09:08Can we trust governments to regulate these things in a way that's actually going to both help humankind and also
01:09:18advance humankind?
01:09:19So think about, for instance, the pharmaceutical industry or the aviation industry.
01:09:24On a global scale, why you take a flight and you are able to fly safe from one place to
01:09:33another?
01:09:33Because you trust, not just the pilot of that aircraft, but you trust the whole system.
01:09:38So we developed in aviation, we developed in the pharmaceutical industry a global governance that is based on one main
01:09:47principle, safety and respect of human life.
01:09:51So we have already some good examples of global governance in the technological world.
01:09:57So now the challenge is to apply the same principles of safety and respect to the development of AI.
01:10:10What happened in the last few years is there was a major bipartisan investigation and we needed to actually not
01:10:18only enforce existing laws, but pass new laws.
01:10:21The big tech companies were destroying competition and those bills never actually came up for a vote.
01:10:29Big reason they never came up for a vote is that big tech lobbyists just swarmed Washington.
01:10:36I mean, one of the sort of key big tech talking points is you either can have the end of
01:10:45social community or let us self-regulate.
01:10:50Those are those are your two options. Right. And that's just so false.
01:10:55We can have social media that doesn't have exploitative algorithms where you still get to talk to your friends.
01:11:02We can have same day delivery without having Amazon own all the distribution channels.
01:11:12And that doesn't end the valuable part of technology. It just ends the exploitative part.
01:11:18This morning we're taking a look at a landmark court ruling that could change the way that you use the
01:11:23Internet.
01:11:24Federal judge in Washington declared yesterday that Google has been operating as an illegal monopoly, violating U.S. antitrust laws.
01:11:31The U.S. are perhaps leading to making big tech money with big tech, but Europe could perhaps lead to
01:11:37their regulation.
01:11:38Our EU lawmakers have just approved the world's first legal framework on artificial intelligence.
01:11:43The act aims to balance the safety and reliability of AI use for people across Europe, whilst also fostering its
01:11:51development in various industries.
01:11:52It's been five years in the making, and it could be seen as a precedent for countries struggling to control
01:11:58AI's rapid advance.
01:12:01We want artificial intelligence to flourish, to reap the benefits, but of course also to make sure that we address
01:12:08any possible concern,
01:12:10to ensure what is trustworthy technology that puts the human at the center.
01:12:16We want to make Europe a global leader in adopting these latest technologies.
01:12:21Our ambition is to increase public and private investment to a total of 20 billion euros per year over the
01:12:29course of this coming decade.
01:12:31It's very popular to consider Europe as the leading jurisdiction when it comes to regulation, and it is certainly among
01:12:39democratic states.
01:12:40But at the same time in the EU too, and I hate to see this, there is a lot of
01:12:44dependence on big tech.
01:12:46There is still a great dependency, a power grab, a tech coup that I describe in my book, also in
01:12:52the EU.
01:12:53So even if more regulation has been adopted than in the United States, for example, there is still a growing
01:13:00dependence and a lack of knowledge,
01:13:02a lack of agency, a lack of accountability on the part of public leaders and institutions.
01:13:08And I see the power grab really as coming from an ecosystem of different companies, anywhere from infrastructure to social
01:13:17media, from cybersecurity to election technologies.
01:13:21Really also an erosion of agency and power on the part of democratic governments.
01:13:32The people who think we should accelerate without being careful, they can be motivated by maybe profit appeal,
01:13:45but they can also be motivated by the idea that we're going to create our, you know, descendants as machines
01:13:52that are going to be better than us because they're smarter.
01:13:55But I don't think it's morally right for many reasons.
01:14:00And one of them is there is no guarantee that greater intelligence means more moral behavior.
01:14:11Not to mention that I think humans want to continue having, you know, a life.
01:14:17Ralph Nader got us all to wear seatbelts.
01:14:20People did not want to wear seatbelts and automobile companies did not want to put them in cars.
01:14:26And now you can get arrested if you're not wearing a seatbelt.
01:14:29I think we need seatbelts and rules of the road for this technology.
01:14:33And right now we have none. Absolutely none.
01:14:36However you describe it, there is a responsibility that passes down to users and to individuals.
01:14:42I really hope that once people begin to recognize how they're being manipulated, how basic behavioral psychology experiments are literally
01:14:51being applied to them on a mass scale,
01:14:53they will begin to recognize that type of manipulation and take steps to avoid it and mitigate it.
01:14:59You can see it in your everyday life, buzzers going off, bells ringing, like little red icons bouncing.
01:15:05This is like we're Pavlov's dog, right?
01:15:07And so that's the first step, I think, is a recognition that we're being manipulated,
01:15:13that we're subject to these types of pressure points, and we need to extract ourselves from it for our own
01:15:19personal health.
01:15:27So are you hopeful for the future?
01:15:29I'm very worried about the future. I've been studying it since 1976, so that's decades and decades.
01:15:38But I think that I feel a new urgency. I think this film uses the word tsunami.
01:15:44I mean, a tsunami isn't waves breaking. A tsunami is a particular kind of attack, assault.
01:15:54And I feel there really is an assault on conversation, an assault on intimacy, an assault on personhood,
01:16:02that isn't that slow, gradual buildup, but really is a kind of jump in the intensity and the urgency of
01:16:10what's going on.
01:16:12I see not much hope in a lot of ways that I think that what little hope remains may be
01:16:19in isolated communities,
01:16:22where people still read books and still talk to one another.
01:16:25And, you know, I think of the dark ages where there were the monasteries and they kept the light of
01:16:30learning going for brief periods of time.
01:16:33And then finally it got relit with the Renaissance and so forth.
01:16:36I'm more worried that with catastrophe will come a greater push to escape into virtuality.
01:16:45To escape into virtuality you need a stunningly small amount of equipment.
01:16:51You know, you need the grid, you need the internet, but you can sit in a room where the air
01:16:59outside the room is toxic.
01:17:01Yeah.
01:17:02And have your goggles and have your world and be in Paris, be in Paris 1918-90.
01:17:08That does seem like a likely outcome, doesn't it?
01:17:10I, it's, it's the one that, it's the one that disturbs me.
01:17:14And that's the general thrust is that we have technologies, they create problems and we try to solve them with
01:17:19more technologies,
01:17:20which create more problems, which we try to solve with more technologies.
01:17:24Yes.
01:17:24And we keep going and going, but can we, can that continue indefinitely or do we finally hit a wall?
01:17:31And do we finally reach the point where we say, this is not life?
01:17:37My students do not read books.
01:17:40Uh, they do not read novels.
01:17:41I have a reading list and a, uh, that is filled with nonfiction and fiction.
01:17:45Honestly, it comes down to commitment.
01:17:47The same thing happens with long YouTube videos.
01:17:49Uh, the fear of commitment, you watch it, you're engaged and now you're engaged for an hour.
01:17:54That's an hour of time that can be done with something else.
01:17:58Words to them have not lost their value, but rather have been replaced by other values.
01:18:03According to a recent study from the Pew Research Center, almost one in four Americans has not read a book
01:18:07in the past year.
01:18:08That actually seems high to me.
01:18:10Can you name a book?
01:18:11Oh, yes.
01:18:12Uh, uh, uh, I don't read books.
01:18:17Can you name a book?
01:18:19Uh, let me just say, uh, hey, hold on, man.
01:18:25I'm trying to, I haven't even read a full long.
01:18:27A book, any book?
01:18:28Um, the jungle book.
01:18:33Does, do magazines count?
01:18:48One of the hallmarks of our time is a feeling of anxiety and speeded up-ness and busyness.
01:19:00And one thing I look for are ways to get away from that, to find some kind of solace.
01:19:08And a simple way is through reading.
01:19:11When you read on a screen, your eye tends to skim and skip and seek information in a different way
01:19:18than your eye behaves on paper.
01:19:19On paper, you tend to read a bit more slowly and carefully.
01:19:25And this might sound like a trivial difference, but actually it's not.
01:19:29Another thing I suggest is writing by hand.
01:19:33When you slow down the hand, you slow down the mind.
01:19:39Is writing your book without work until사가 read along to latches at the beginning.
01:19:40And this might appear.
01:19:55One more time.
01:19:59If there have already been a ceiling.
01:20:03Oh, that's okay.
01:20:0719th century author Henry David Thoreau
01:20:10Spent two years in the woods here in Massachusetts
01:20:14Writing his famous book Walden
01:20:18For most of us spending two years in the woods is not an option
01:20:21But reading books and appreciating nature are two things we can all do
01:20:28As I sat at a replica of his desk
01:20:30I thought of a line from the book
01:20:32Our inventions are pretty toys
01:20:35Which distract our attention from serious things
01:20:38They are but improved means to an unimproved end
01:20:50Thoreau, like Marshall McLuhan
01:20:52Was issuing a warning
01:20:54A warning that we'd be foolish not to heed
01:21:01Perhaps most prophetic was this line written by McLuhan in 1964
01:21:06He said
01:21:09Once we have surrendered our senses and nervous systems
01:21:12To the private manipulation of those who would try to benefit
01:21:16From taking a lease on our eyes and ears and nerves
01:21:20We don't really have any rights left
01:21:32Whatever is going to happen to our civilization
01:21:34Still available to you and me at every single moment
01:21:39Is that more physically realized somatic human experience
01:21:44Of the passage of time
01:21:46Of the connection with other human beings
01:21:49Of the ability to open yourself up
01:21:52And be compassionate for the pain and suffering of others
01:21:55And to metabolize that in a soulful, physically realized way
01:21:59You always have that
01:22:01You always have that
01:22:02And that
01:22:04That's worth living for
01:22:32That's worth living for
01:22:35That's worth living for
01:23:13That's worth living for
01:23:43That's worth living for
Comentários