00:00So I think one of the lessons that we learned from the JCOA, which also ignored the regional context completely,
00:06is that if we don't address the issues that concern the region,
00:10the risk is always that any agreement on the nuclear issue becomes less secure
00:17and becomes a source of contention and a source of risk as much as addressing the nuclear issue.
00:26So I firmly believe that there is a need to address all of the issues that concern the region,
00:32so it's the nuclear issue and beyond.
00:34It may well be that there's a dual-track approach potentially where there is a U.S.-Iranian nuclear negotiation,
00:44and I think that there is a rationale to that because it's a very complex issue on its own.
00:50But I suspect that it will be very difficult to make concrete progress on the nuclear negotiations
00:57without there being a level of engagement on the regional files that gives the confidence
01:03that allows then those negotiations to proceed correctly.
01:06And, you know, eventually if there is a nuclear deal, there is the issue of sanctions relief,
01:11and that, as you know, is a very complicated issue.
01:14It's complicated within the U.S. context, and it's also complicated within the European context.
01:18And the more that the regional issues are addressed and there is a level of confidence
01:24that we are able to look towards a future where there is less risk of confrontation,
01:30the more likely it is that the potential benefits in the areas of sanctions relief
01:35can be delivered more quickly, more effectively, with less opposition,
01:41both from us in the region or from, you know, quarters in the U.S. and in Europe.
