- 2 days ago
Ep 2 The Dinosaurs
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00:00:03One hundred and twenty-five million years ago, winter rages across the north.
00:00:17Entire species have been pushed to the brink.
00:00:28Even the largest dinosaurs are unable to endure this cold.
00:00:38Like these sauropods migrating south.
00:00:49Weta came early this year and caught them off guard.
00:01:01With hundreds of kilometers ahead of them, this time it will be an especially harsh journey.
00:01:13But the bitter cold is not the only danger in this frozen land.
00:01:19There is a much greater threat here in these woods.
00:01:24Euteranus.
00:01:38Euteranus.
00:01:40The Snow King.
00:01:43Euteranus.
00:01:46An early relative of T-Rex.
00:01:51With a thick, insulating coat of feathers, he's perfectly adapted for life in a world this cold.
00:02:04But his feathers also serve a more sinister purpose.
00:02:14Camouflage.
00:02:16The ultimate weapon for an ambush hunter.
00:02:38With silent precision, he picks out the smallest member of the herd.
00:02:59In a savage, ever-changing world.
00:03:01In a savage, ever-changing world.
00:03:12Some will rise.
00:03:13Some will rise.
00:03:15And some will fall.
00:03:20But through it all, the dinosaurs will expand their empire.
00:03:25And advance relentlessly.
00:03:28To seize Earth's final frontiers.
00:04:10To a остав
00:04:42Transcription by CastingWords
00:04:43It's a new age for life on Earth, an age of extremes.
00:04:52New worlds are forming that will give rise to the most famous dinosaurs of all time.
00:05:03The North is still gripped by cold, but not for much longer.
00:05:14Earth's most violent forces are staring once again.
00:05:22Volcanoes seethe and fume, warming the planet.
00:05:39But some will pay a price for this warmer world.
00:05:42The North is still gripped by cold.
00:05:43Gotta get it.
00:06:10Go West isab revolution.
00:06:12Round word was made by cold sort of Illustrator.
00:06:22As global temperatures continue to rise, the snow and ice all but disappear.
00:06:35Huge, meltwater rivers tear through the land.
00:06:44This thawing of the north is expanding the dinosaur's empire even further.
00:06:51And in surprising new ways.
00:07:00In this fresh, fertile landscape, Sauropod no longer need to migrate.
00:07:07But it's also a new world for one of the dinosaur's oldest rivals.
00:07:15The pterosaurs.
00:07:18They are now bigger and badder than ever.
00:07:25Including Grey Draco, the ghost dragon.
00:07:35But he's an intruder here.
00:07:42Because these trees are the home of Longipteryx.
00:07:47A new kind of dinosaur.
00:07:51Less than 20 centimeters tall.
00:07:54But highly territorial.
00:07:56Especially during nesting season.
00:08:11They're also equipped to take on the pterosaurs.
00:08:17Now they too can fly.
00:08:28In a previous era, flying dinosaurs like Ancyonis could only glide.
00:08:36Now they're able to flap their wings and maneuver with precision to strike at their enemies.
00:08:50They're fast and fearless.
00:09:03It only gets worse for the towering pterosaur.
00:09:08Because Longipteryx are distant cousins of you Tyrannus, the Snow King.
00:09:15They're armed with the teeth and claws of their clan.
00:09:29After ruling the skies since the Triassic, pterosaurs are now being matched by the dinosaurs.
00:09:43But as the dinosaurs fight to expand their empire into the air, an even greater revolution lies ahead.
00:10:00Not in the mountains, or the skies, or the oceans.
00:10:06The biggest twist in Earth's tale is unfolding quietly.
00:10:12Almost in secret.
00:10:17Seven million years later.
00:10:19Seven million years later.
00:10:21This new force is slowly rewriting the dinosaur's story.
00:10:36This is one of the first flowers this forest has ever seen.
00:10:42Just one.
00:10:44And a vast and diverse new generation of plants.
00:10:51And they will become a phenomenon with the help of a close ally.
00:11:02Beetles.
00:11:04They carry pollen from one flower to the next.
00:11:14Nature's most reliable delivery service.
00:11:22Helping these new plants spread far and wide across the globe.
00:11:31Adding them entire revelations over they ever came out,
00:11:32TRANSFORMING.
00:11:33THE DINOUS EMPIRE.
00:11:55SERS DINOSAURING THE EMPIRE.
00:11:56While they need to attract pollinators, many are also evolved to repel herbivores.
00:12:06With spines, thorns, and poisons.
00:12:17Nature's defensive weapons.
00:12:23This green revolution changes everything for the plant-eating dinosaurs.
00:12:31Including the great stegosaurs.
00:12:42They're herd animals by nature.
00:12:46But this young stegosaur, barely two years old, is all alone.
00:12:57She is the last of her herd.
00:13:10To eat these tougher new plants requires mouthful and chew food in a way her primitive jaw cannot.
00:13:24She's starving.
00:13:37Herbivores are unable to adapt to this new world.
00:13:38These once great herbivores are unable to adapt to this new world.
00:13:49It's one reason why their 50 million year existence will come to an end.
00:13:56Extinction.
00:14:04But in the wake of the stegosaur's demise, a new era will emerge.
00:14:14Over the next 15 million years, these new plants evolve and diversify.
00:14:34The green revolution now covers the globe, and not just the land, but the water as well.
00:14:48It's one reason why, even providing cover and food for underwater explorers,
00:14:59like ankylosaurs.
00:15:17This bathing beauty is a different kind of dinosaur.
00:15:27He's a plant-eater, like the stegosaurs.
00:15:32But a fancier one.
00:15:34Much fancier.
00:15:40Because unlike the stegosaurs, his advanced jaw can crush food in a way that makes eating any kind of plant
00:15:50easy.
00:15:52It's the perfect adaptation for this diverse new world.
00:16:03He wants to take full advantage of all this great kingdom has to offer.
00:16:10And he has a plan.
00:16:19It's a long trek.
00:16:20It's a long trek.
00:16:23But the journey is worth it.
00:16:41This is the one place where he can truly be himself.
00:16:54His passion is singing.
00:17:03He even has special olives in his snout that amplify his song.
00:17:12So it can be heard far and wide.
00:17:31He's not saying that he's the one place to go.
00:17:32He's not going to be a man to fuck up in a world.
00:17:35He's not going to be a man to fuck up in a world.
00:17:36He's not going to fuck up, but wait, he's not going to fuck up in a world.
00:17:41And he gets you?
00:17:41You know what?
00:17:42He's not going to do everything.
00:17:47He's not going to be a man to fight.
00:17:50A female has answered his call.
00:17:55It's time to charm her with his deep, sultry humming.
00:18:06Then he shows her his stylish armor.
00:18:18It's all very persuasive.
00:18:37Their fancy attire does have some drawbacks, mind you.
00:18:44On the whole, though, heavy armor and an improved jaw are setting them up for success.
00:18:57But what no dinosaur could possibly know is that their empire has been gradually shrinking.
00:19:08Hidden below the waves, this world, once ruled by dinosaurs,
00:19:17is now completely out of their reach.
00:19:26And there's a reason.
00:19:31At the very bottom of the ocean,
00:19:36a slow, imperceptible shift,
00:19:41reshaping the planet.
00:19:47The seabed is fracturing from an endless progression of eruptions.
00:20:15Earth's tectonic plates are shifting,
00:20:20breaking apart the ocean floor,
00:20:23lifting it higher over millions of years.
00:20:30The water above has nowhere else to go but up.
00:20:36By the middle of the Cretaceous, sea levels reach their highest point in history.
00:20:42Over 200 meters higher than they are today.
00:21:00The rising oceans repaint the map of the world,
00:21:05erasing entire land masses.
00:21:10The continent of Europe is reduced to a giant archipelago that includes the Isle of Herzeg.
00:21:22where isolation and evolution have created a kind of neverland for the dinosaurs.
00:21:30A world where normal rules don't apply.
00:21:39This is the home of Magyarosaurus.
00:21:44A sauropod.
00:21:47And, like other sauropods,
00:21:50he uses his long neck to reach the highest vegetation.
00:22:02Thing is,
00:22:05this vegetation is only two meters tall,
00:22:09which makes Magyarosaurus about the size of a pony.
00:22:15Pony.
00:22:33Oh.
00:22:44Quite nice.
00:22:45Who would you see?
00:22:48It might be the focus of!
00:22:48Although magyarsaurus is nearly 50%,
00:22:52I can't give you each extra money.
00:22:54Why?
00:22:54is still better as tall as a giraffe one of the largest pterosaurs to ever live
00:23:15a nightmare at sycopteryx she's flown to this island to feed on dinosaurs
00:23:35the youngest member of the herd gets separated
00:23:45but it won't be an easy catch
00:23:49unlike his giant cousins he's right on his feet
00:24:15but being this small he can't see the others
00:24:25they found a safe hiding spot perfect for their size
00:24:33so
00:24:34so
00:24:44so
00:24:45so
00:24:55so
00:24:58so
00:25:04so
00:25:12so
00:25:18so
00:25:22so
00:25:24so
00:25:29so
00:25:30so
00:25:33so
00:25:54the tiny dinosaurs trapped on an island
00:25:59there's nowhere else to go
00:26:11but in a world so divided by the ocean
00:26:15evolution takes different turns in different places
00:26:2696 million years ago
00:26:29sea levels are close to the highest they've ever been
00:26:40creating a water world that no dinosaur has dared to enter
00:26:51but that's about to change
00:26:53but that's about to change
00:27:04lurking in this mangrove swamp
00:27:07is a carnivore that is a carnivore that has specially evolved to take on the final frontier
00:27:22a dinosaur pioneer
00:27:41the largest predator to ever walk the earth
00:27:49at 15 meters long
00:27:51she's bigger than a school bus
00:27:59the forest
00:28:00the forest provides plenty of prey
00:28:05but another reason she's gotten this big
00:28:08is because of where she goes
00:28:10to escape the gloom of the swamp
00:28:25here
00:28:27the high sea levels have turned the oceans into a new hunting ground for the dinosaurs
00:28:33where bigger is definitely better
00:28:38where bigger is definitely better
00:29:03the ocean
00:29:06and in this age some of the largest prey is here in the water
00:29:24sharks
00:29:24sharks
00:29:25sharks
00:29:29in a flat-out chase between a shark and a giant dog-paddling dinosaur the shark will always win
00:29:40but there's more than meets the eye
00:29:41but there's more to Spinosaurus than meets the eye
00:29:55sharks
00:29:56sharks
00:29:59sharks
00:29:59the other
00:30:01sharks
00:30:02sharks
00:30:02sharks
00:30:02sharks
00:30:03sharks
00:30:08Her snout is wired with sensors that can detect the slightest movement.
00:30:16Now, all she needs to do is keep completely still.
00:30:35The best hunters are the patient ones, and her patience is starting to pay off.
00:30:50The blood in the water is drawing the sharks closer.
00:31:29She doesn't move.
00:31:35She knows how this game is played.
00:31:54Brains and brawn.
00:31:57Now kill a combination.
00:31:59That is finally letting the dinosaurs get a foothold in the ocean.
00:32:12Their reach is now global.
00:32:17And extends to the very ends of the Earth.
00:32:23To what will one day be Antarctica.
00:32:34While Spinosaurus is stalking the shallow seas and the tropics, the world's southernmost landmass is not the frozen wilderness we
00:32:45know today.
00:32:47It's a green, flourishing Eden.
00:32:54Where even in the dark, evolution is lighting the way.
00:33:07And thriving in the darkness are the dinosaurs.
00:33:22By this stage in the late Cretaceous, their empire is so vast that they now dominate every continent on Earth.
00:33:38And yet, while their reign is global, and their rule almost unchallenged, their story will take a dark turn.
00:33:58Creating endless coastlines.
00:34:03Hundreds of tropical islands.
00:34:08And opportunity.
00:34:20But these islands are no paradise.
00:34:25They are home to a formidable predator.
00:34:32One of the fastest, most agile dinosaurs of its kind.
00:34:40North America's answer to the Spinosaurus.
00:34:53Just not in the way you would think.
00:34:57Not even remotely.
00:35:00This is Hesperonis.
00:35:04He is formidable.
00:35:06And he is fast.
00:35:10But he's pretty much the opposite of his giant terrifying cousins.
00:35:23He's awkward.
00:35:25And clumsy.
00:35:28And has tiny teeth.
00:35:30Not exactly the traits of a ferocious hunter.
00:35:35But what he does share with Spinosaurus is that he's not confined to dry land.
00:35:47In fact, he's the most advanced aquatic dinosaur in history.
00:35:58Like some sort of prehistoric penguin, he's able to swim far out the sea to access feeding grounds that were
00:36:08previously out of reach.
00:36:26This is the bounty of his new blue realm.
00:36:31This is the bounty of his new blue realm.
00:36:38The bounty of the sea.
00:36:39Down here, his big clumsy feet become powerful propellers.
00:36:46And his ninety-four needle shark teeth snatch fish with ease.
00:37:05But as an air breather, he's still tied to the surface.
00:37:20And the surface is not a safe place to linger.
00:37:27Because below, there are beasts, twice the size of a killer whale.
00:37:41Musasaurs.
00:37:48The apex predators of these seas.
00:37:58Hesperonis must get back to the shore.
00:38:05But the Mosasaur moves with frightening speed.
00:38:10Luckily, Hesperonis is much more agile.
00:38:19But he's exhausted.
00:38:24Which gives the Mosasaur one last shot.
00:38:44Hesperonis is a true survivor.
00:38:48Venturing further into the ocean than any dinosaur ever has.
00:38:54But these waters are treacherous.
00:38:57Even for the best swimmers.
00:39:06Despite the dinosaurs' success in the shadows, the Mosasaurs rule the waves.
00:39:19Eight hundred miles north, on land, it's a different story.
00:39:35Fueled by a warm, stable climate, the dinosaurs' dominance here is unrivaled.
00:39:48The great sauropods are thriving among the tall trees, as they have since the dawn of the Jurassic.
00:40:00But down below, there has been a revolution.
00:40:09A female handersaw.
00:40:14While she may be dwarf in present company, she's actually larger than an elephant.
00:40:22And she won't be held up by these giants.
00:40:26Because nothing can stop a mother on a mission.
00:40:31And that mission is to feed her family.
00:40:37Who are somewhere down there.
00:40:50Long ago, their cheek-stuffing ancestors were scarce and scattered.
00:40:57But hadrosaurs are now so successful, their herds are thousands strong.
00:41:05The greatest gatherings of dinosaurs the world has ever known.
00:41:11But this female's family isn't traveling with the herd.
00:41:17They are in the safety of the creche.
00:41:20A sprawling nursery for hundreds of young hadrosaurs.
00:41:26Including her own.
00:41:32At six months old, they have insatiable appetites.
00:41:37And will eat almost anything she brings them.
00:41:43Anything.
00:41:54Feeding in this bird-like way takes a lot of refills.
00:41:59So, she's constantly leaving to go find food.
00:42:04And when mons are away, little ones will play.
00:42:28With the wingspan of a fighter jet,
00:42:32pterosaurs are now bigger than ever.
00:42:36And creches are the perfect hunting crowns.
00:42:40Where unguarded nests are the easiest pickings.
00:43:00Despite the threat from this towering monster,
00:43:02the mothers will defend their babies in all costs.
00:43:19But the giant pterosaur is determined to feed.
00:43:25But the giant pterosaur is determined to feed.
00:43:30The screams from the nest are like a dinner bell to the Predator.
00:43:35We are in our灯.
00:43:40We are inس?
00:43:42We are and we are in our ship.
00:43:47We are all them food, right?
00:43:48But the little ones aren't just crying in fear.
00:43:51We must kill them beneath us.
00:43:53We are, we are.
00:43:54We must kill them a point.
00:43:57We are young people.
00:43:59They are outsknam carn
00:44:09This fierce instinct to protect their young
00:44:13is central to the hydrosaur's remarkable success.
00:44:19But other dinosaurs are taking defense to a whole new level.
00:44:25Because the arms race between predator and prey
00:44:28is escalating.
00:44:31And this will give rise to the most iconic dinosaurs of all time.
00:44:41This will take so long
00:44:43that the continent of North America will shift.
00:44:48The land buckling up into the sky.
00:44:58The Rocky Mountains.
00:45:02It's here in the foothills below
00:45:07that the dinosaurs are making an impact.
00:45:18Pachycephalosaurus.
00:45:20Using their outrageously thick skulls
00:45:25to do them for supremacy.
00:45:32And alongside them
00:45:34a dinosaur with even more impressive headgear.
00:45:44Triceratops.
00:45:52She may look like a rhinoceros
00:45:55but she's twice the size of one.
00:46:00And armed with spear-like horns
00:46:02over one meter in length.
00:46:11Triceratops and Pachycephalosaurus
00:46:13have impressive weapons.
00:46:17Yet there are some here
00:46:19that are even more armed and dangerous.
00:46:32under the cover of darkness.
00:46:34The latest and greatest of the armored warriors.
00:46:40Six meters long
00:46:41and highly territorial.
00:46:46Pachylusaurus,
00:46:47Magnivendris.
00:46:56He's on patrol for intruders.
00:46:59Bold enough
00:47:00to breach his borders.
00:47:09His tank-like torso is covered
00:47:11in dozens of thick, bony plates.
00:47:19And what's more,
00:47:21he has a powerful new weapon.
00:47:28A club-like tail
00:47:29weighing half a ton
00:47:30that he can use
00:47:32to take on whatever
00:47:33stalks these forests.
00:47:40He senses something.
00:48:06His borders have been breached.
00:48:10by the worst possible intruder
00:48:12of all.
00:48:24A Tyrannosaurus Rex.
00:48:36Subincìns Escuna.
00:48:37Spacely ill.
00:48:50A executive Director.
00:48:52Spacely ill.
00:48:55Spacely ill.
00:48:55Well, we're in here.
00:48:57Let's go.
00:49:38Ankylosaurus vs. T-Rex.
00:49:48An evolutionary stalemate.
00:49:51Millions of years in the making.
00:50:10But in this arms race,
00:50:13there's one thing that does set these dinosaurs apart.
00:50:20Intelligence.
00:50:44Let's go.
00:50:56T-Rex is one of the most fearsome predators of all time.
00:51:02And to remain at the top of her game,
00:51:06she must eat the equivalent of 200 steaks every day.
00:51:13And yet, so far, she hasn't eaten a single bite.
00:51:19That's because she has special plans for this takeout meal.
00:51:28But Ankylosaurus is no light snack.
00:51:38Six tons of muscle and bone with an assortment of lumps and bumps.
00:51:54Even for T-Rex,
00:51:56It's quite a drag.
00:52:21It's quite a drag.
00:52:28Finally, her journey's end.
00:52:38And the reason she's gone through all this effort...
00:52:52Five hungry hatchlings.
00:52:55Five hungry hatchlings.
00:53:06A ferocious killer?
00:53:07Yes.
00:53:10Yes.
00:53:10But also,
00:53:11A devoted mother.
00:53:26She will ensure
00:53:29So, her little ones are well fed, to give them the very best start in life, something
00:53:42their distant ancestors could only dream of.
00:53:49Far back in the Triassic, tiny Marasuchus hatched into hell.
00:53:55These dinosaurs in the making, forced to live in the shadows, hiding from the ruling reptiles.
00:54:07But when fate intervened, they turned catastrophe into opportunity, and began their monumental
00:54:19rise, growing bigger, stronger, and ever more formidable.
00:54:32In time, they would triumph, not just on land, but in the sea and the sky.
00:54:43After 160 million years, the dinosaurs are now so dominant, nothing on earth can stand
00:54:53in their way.
00:54:59But something not of this earth will.
00:55:05Because as this family's journey is just getting started, another journey is approaching its
00:55:12end.
00:55:16The asteroid, now hurtling towards earth at 50 times the speed of sound, will finally
00:55:24have its date with destiny.
00:55:55The asteroid, now hurtling towards the sky.
00:55:56The ocean off the coast of Mexico with the power of a billion atomic bombs, temperatures
00:56:05are hot enough to vaporize the seabed, along with every living thing for hundreds of kilometers.
00:56:20Far away in the foothills of the Rockies, these great dinosaurs have no idea what's about
00:56:28to hit them.
00:56:47The largest earthquakes in history.
00:56:58But the worst is yet to come.
00:57:02An enormous wall of superheated debris explodes outward.
00:57:22The dinosaurs, caught beneath this death cloud, are entombed.
00:57:30Their world is so hot, it literally bursts into flames.
00:57:42Even the toughest armor is no protection.
00:57:53The cloud quickly engulfs the entire planet, suffocating it with ash.
00:58:00Shrouding it in darkness.
00:58:14Shrouding it colds the terrain
00:58:40The few still standing at the end of the day are in a nightmare, choking in the gloom.
00:59:13My nightfall, the death toll for the dinosaurs, is catastrophic.
00:59:43Starved of the sun's rays, an impact winter descends on the earth.
00:59:54Global temperature is dropped by 25 degrees Celsius.
01:00:01Conditions too cold for almost any dinosaur to withstand.
01:00:16Giant sauropods laid to rest in the cinders of the very trees that made them so tall.
01:00:38In their crowded colonies, those who live together die together.
01:00:51Protective mothers cannot shield their young from the freezing temperatures.
01:01:00The punishing cold has also taken its toll on the most famous dinosaur of all.
01:01:14The tyrant king has fallen.
01:01:34Even the mighty tyrannosaurus rex will not survive this.
01:02:06The rain of the dinosaurs.
01:02:08The rain of the dinosaurs.
01:02:08Has finally come to an end.
01:02:15The wind of the sea.
01:02:37But 66 million years later the dinosaurs are rising again.
01:02:49This time, at our hands.
01:02:58Today, their fossils stand as monuments to a lost world.
01:03:04But more than that, they are the keys that unlock the secrets of the dinosaur story.
01:03:13Our understanding of their lives is now greater than ever.
01:03:18From their very first moments to their very last.
01:03:25And the revelation that on Earth's darkest day, not all dinosaurs died.
01:03:34Some were small enough to find shelter from the apocalypse.
01:03:41And survive even to this day.
01:03:47The flying dinosaurs we now call the birds.
01:03:56And the clues to their past are hiding in plain sight.
01:04:18The remarkable journey that started 235 million years ago continues alongside us.
01:04:29They are the last remaining link to a long lost kingdom that was the age of the dinosaurs.
01:04:44The End
01:04:44The End
01:04:44The End
01:04:44The End
01:04:47The End
01:04:47The End
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