- 41 minutes ago
自然的多样性并非孤立存在，而是与人类活动紧密相连。云南作为生物多样性资源富集区，孕育了滇金丝猴、懒猴、亚洲象、白颊长臂猿等珍稀物种，同时也面临着部分物种濒危的严峻挑战......
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AnimalsTranscript
00:28Subtitle volunteer Yang Qianqian
00:33Within a distance of 960 kilometers from north to south in Yunnan, China
00:38The altitude dropped by 6,664 meters.
00:44Significant elevation differences and diverse climates
00:48It has given birth to a variety of life.
00:55How can diverse species coexist?
00:58Humans and nature coexist harmoniously
01:03Only life itself will provide the answer.
01:15Millions of species live on Earth
01:19What makes these creatures different is not only their appearance.
01:24Its tenacious vitality may allow it to exist beyond Earth.
01:32Yunnan Jinsha River Dry-Hot Valley
01:34Geographical and climatic factors make this area exceptionally arid and hot.
01:39The surface temperature of exposed rocks can reach up to 70 degrees Celsius.
01:43Harsh living environment
01:45First biologist Wang Lisong discovered...
01:48Firstly, one must be able to survive safely here.
01:51In this photo we see
01:53Many firsts
01:53If we pry it open
01:55We can see
01:56It produces the first acid.
01:57You can make the surface of this stone
01:59Divide it biologically
02:01Forming the most primitive soil
02:02In that case
02:03Moss can grow on this.
02:05After the moss died
02:06Herbalism began to emerge.
02:08After the herbs die, the shrubs and trees...
02:18You two shouldn't come up.
02:20I'll go up and take a look first.
02:21Come again if you have anything else.
02:24Its degree of differentiation is very high.
02:26Therefore, it's generally best not to go up there.
02:30In this arid environment
02:32First, it can not only survive.
02:34Moreover, it can slow down the growth rate.
02:37Extend growth time
02:39At a rate of one to two millimeters per year
02:42It has grown to an astonishing area
02:47So beautiful
02:48We saw this area
02:50The first one with long rock surface
02:53They are all of the same kind
02:54Moreover, this species so far
02:56There is no scientific name yet.
02:57It grows outwards in concentric circles.
02:59Then it grows bigger and bigger.
03:01Therefore, I call it the first cloud pattern.
03:05Wang Lisong spent forty-one years
03:08More than 80,000 specimens have been accumulated.
03:11And when he was seventeen
03:12When we first met
03:14No one was interested in the first thing collected.
03:27This one looks like a plant.
03:29It is actually a special type of fungus that lives in symbiosis with jujubes.
03:33It can be seen with a microscope
03:35Dark green dates in the middle
03:37Encased in white fungus
03:40Fungal hyphae
03:42Can drill into rocks
03:43Absorbs water and inorganic salts
03:45Provided for jujubes
03:47Jujubes, on the other hand, achieve this through photosynthesis.
03:49Provide nutrients for fungi
03:50To become a more resilient symbiotic organism
04:01Now Wang Lisong is taking his students up the mountain more frequently to collect the first...
04:06He aims to complete the collection of 100,000 specimens within two years.
04:11As a memento of my retirement
04:16Let me show you the first biodiversity of Yunnan's high mountains.
04:21diversity
04:21Let me slap you and see how many kinds there are.
04:24There's one or two here, right?
04:27Three, four, five, six, seven, eight, right?
04:31Eight
04:32Two of the eight species are new species.
04:34Therefore, we will show no mercy.
04:39Then these two new species quickly published articles.
04:41You two
04:41It's your problem now.
04:43Just this one wall
04:43You can do it for several years.
04:45This mountain is dry enough.
04:50The first category is extremely rich.
04:53People's understanding of him is still very limited.
04:59This is a good thing.
05:00Isn't this a mushroom?
05:02The first one contains over 98% purple sacs.
05:07This type is the first egg.
05:10This is its daughter protact.
05:12It's the same as a mushroom.
05:13There are no jujubes in this.
05:15Early mycologists
05:17He picked the mushrooms from the top.
05:19Then he named it a fungus.
05:22Then the first scholar arrived.
05:24They took the first body after it was taken.
05:27That is to say, this first one has never been discovered.
05:30Its protoplast
05:31So what happened next?
05:33It did DNA
05:33It turned out they were family.
05:36In other words
05:37The protonic body grows on this primary body.
05:39It is fortunate to reproduce in one of the processes.
05:41So I kept using it.
05:43That Chinese name
05:44Called the first small green lotus leaf
05:47This is very rare.
05:48And only this byte can be seen.
05:50Our team was very lucky.
06:02The first is known as an environmental indicator organism.
06:05Environmental changes have a huge impact on the first.
06:09It's very likely that you'll miss it once.
06:10We won't see each other again.
06:13Therefore, when encountering new specimens
06:15You should try to take as much as you can.
06:16And the first growth habit
06:18This made the collection difficult.
06:27Encountering some first specimens on trees
06:30You also need to be good at climbing trees.
06:33Go ahead.
06:34Let's go!
06:35Look but don't look
06:36Come on, junior sister!
06:39Be careful!
06:40But stepping on it is allowed.
06:44Be careful, be careful
06:45Exercise, exercise, exercise
06:47Exercise
06:48oops
06:49I'm also very slippery.
06:51no
06:51no
06:52Your little master is about to find the vegetables.
06:54Let the elderly do it.
07:01Does the teacher have anything?
07:03The one upstairs
07:04Yeah
07:09It really was the message I posted.
07:11Order barbecue and have a small explosion
07:15The first seem to have been born to be the vanguard of Earth's life forms.
07:20They landed from the sea
07:22We have never stopped exploring upwards.
07:264500 meters above sea level
07:28The high-altitude climate at 4500 meters is the opposite of that in the dry and hot river valleys.
07:31The average annual temperature here is below -4 degrees Celsius, and the ultraviolet radiation is strong.
07:36There are very few traces of animals left.
07:39There are very few traces of animals left.
07:39There are very few traces of animals left.
07:39The vegetation also tends to be sparse.
07:42There is still a first survivor here.
07:45Map 1 also features historical yellow-clad figures.
07:47They are all species distributed at high altitudes and high latitudes.
07:52Under the lens of cutting-edge 8K cameras
07:55We are able to observe the magnificent historical yellow robes with such realism.
08:00The source of this orange-yellow color
08:02It was the first compound derived from blocking ultraviolet rays.
08:06Together with fungi, they protect the algae that provide nutrients.
08:11Firstly,
08:12Its adaptability is far greater than that of other life forms.
08:16Sahara Desert Center
08:17There needs to be a sense of stability in the environment, like that of a rock.
08:20It always has a first.
08:21At the same high altitude
08:22The highest is 7,000 meters.
08:24What does 7,000 meters mean?
08:26All life is prohibited at 7,000 meters.
08:28Unable to live
08:30First, I said...
08:36Radiation resistant, cold resistant, sweat resistant
08:39These precious qualities
08:41The first one could possibly survive even in the cosmic environment.
08:47And in my country's future space program
08:50What are some suitable first-place candidates?
08:52After hundreds of collection efforts, Wang Lisong
08:56He had already made up his mind.
09:05Plants are one of the main categories of living organisms
09:08Covering a vast area of land
09:16This is the high-altitude region of the Hengduan Mountains in northwestern Yunnan.
09:21Here, scree has replaced the soil.
09:24High altitude results in consistently low temperatures.
09:27Strong winds and hail are frequent.
09:30In such extreme environments
09:32Are there still plants that can survive?
09:39In July, alpine plant expert Niu Yang led his students to the scree slopes.
09:45Searching for scientific specimens
09:52This plant is called
09:53Mixed Purple Brocade
09:55This plant is amazing.
09:56It is in different groups
09:57The colors are different.
10:01Purple variegated leaves turn grayish-white amidst grayish-white rocks
10:05The leaves are more brownish in the brownish-red rocks.
10:13I am looking for the eggs laid by the butterfly near Zijin.
10:16It prefers to lay its eggs under the rocks near Zijin.
10:21It really exists.
10:22This has
10:25The butterflies feed on the genus *Variegata* that grows on alpine scree slopes.
10:29plants
10:30Although its leaf color has changed
10:32But it's basically blended into the background of the rock.
10:38It was to avoid being discovered by the donated butterflies.
10:40This is a typical example of in-situ adaptation.
10:45Zi Jin used this camouflage to evade her natural enemies.
10:48However, it lost its outstanding appearance.
10:51How does it reproduce?
10:52How can you let pollinating insects find you?
10:56Plants need to reproduce in addition to survive.
10:58They need brightly colored flowers.
11:00To attract pollinators for them
11:01Their flowering time and the time when butterflies lay eggs
11:04Not in the same season
11:06The butterfly's egg-laying was completed a month ago.
11:20The weather in high-altitude areas is unpredictable.
11:23Often, one second the sky is clear and blue.
11:26The next second it started pouring rain
11:29Temperature dropped sharply
11:33It's so cold
11:34This is the typical state of the Hengduanshan rainy season.
11:38I estimate it to be around four degrees now.
11:41This is the temperature inside our refrigerator.
11:44We don't like it
11:44But the plants here like
11:46cold and humid environment
11:48It can give them some very special appearances.
11:54Humans can resist cold through methods of preventing cold.
12:00What should we do with the plants here?
12:06There is one
12:08This has
12:08Many heads
12:09Several
12:11Wow, it's so beautiful!
12:13fluffy
12:14Hairy
12:16It is also a kind of
12:17Cold weather preparation strategy
12:18Its fur
12:20One of its functions is to display rain
12:22Or other water
12:23Blocked outside
12:25One of its functions is to keep it warm.
12:26Could there be other layers inside?
12:29Come in and keep warm
12:31Used as a residence
12:32Possibly
12:32right
12:33If it were me
12:34They were all willing to move in.
12:41Alpine plants use camouflage to avoid predators.
12:44Use warm measures to help yourself grow up smoothly.
12:49After adulthood
12:50An even bigger difficulty awaits it.
12:53In harsh environments
12:55How do plants reproduce?
13:00Teacher, what is that?
13:05This is a
13:07The tower rings that bloomed last year
13:10Its seeds have all been scattered.
13:12The mission has been accomplished.
13:14Dr. Sun Bo from our research group
13:15He did a study
13:18On average, it takes 35.5 years.
13:20Only then can a tower ring bloom.
13:23It only bloomed once in its entire life.
13:26He spent most of his life cycle
13:29Just like the other seedlings
13:31But in the last year, it rapidly rose to a very high level.
13:35Like bamboo shoots
13:37Let's go up and take a look at the individuals that have already flowered and borne fruit.
13:40good
13:47It is very tall
13:48It is more than one meter tall
13:51Like a tower
13:53The largest side point is
13:54It has this translucent cover.
13:57A portion of the sunlight can pass through.
13:59Make the temperature inside much higher than outside.
14:01It has now yielded results.
14:03You can see the bright red inside.
14:05Unripe fruit
14:07The tower ring will place its blades
14:09Degenerate into a package
14:11In addition to protecting seeds
14:13It can also provide pollinators for its insects
14:15Provide a warm and comfortable home
14:18It blooms in June.
14:19It emits a special fragrance when it blooms.
14:21Matching this special and eye-catching color
14:25It can attract a kind of
14:27Insects that eat mosquitoes
14:28This insect
14:30Hidden beneath the flower petals
14:31Mating, courtship, and love.
14:36After mating
14:37It will shovel the eggs into the flower's fat.
14:42In this process
14:43Helps plants pollinate
14:47In return
14:48The tower ring holds one-third of the seeds
14:50Give it to these mosquitoes
14:52As food for its larvae to grow
14:56This is a good
14:58Mutually beneficial relationship
15:12These alpine plants themselves
15:14It is part of biodiversity
15:15What lies behind them
15:17These rich gene pools
15:18In the future, it may be possible
15:19Utilized by us humans
15:21We hope to pass
15:22My own basic research
15:24Let more people
15:25Recognizing these alpine plants
15:26The story behind it
15:27Experience their beauty
15:29Recognizing their greater value
15:31Thus protect them
15:40The vitality and survival wisdom of alpine plants
15:43Not because of human footprints
15:45Whether to reach and change
15:49In the vast animal population
15:52There is a type of invertebrate
15:54There are also people
15:55Incredible diversity
15:59Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden
16:01The animals are looking for food
16:03Prepare a big meal
16:06At this time
16:07Some unexpected guests
16:09They sneaked in quietly.
16:39They realized
16:40You can find it, you can tell you, it should be a mosquito.
17:36You can find it, you can find it, you can find it, you can find it.
17:53Ground-dwelling crawling insects, this small jar containing ethanol can...
17:58Detected.
18:00To deal with fast-moving flying insects and nocturnal insects, it is necessary to...
18:06More targeted tools.
18:09Nakamura's insects couldn't obtain readily available trapping tools from elsewhere; they needed...
18:14It was designed based on the habits of animals.
18:25Xishuangbanna is the only area in Yunnan with tropical rainforests.
18:31The trees here can grow to over 70 meters tall, which is about 24 stories high.
18:36high.
18:38The insects that live there make it a mysterious area in the insect world.
18:45Nakamura Zhangmu had always wanted to break through this barrier, so it specifically learned climbing techniques.
18:51Technique.
18:51But even it wasn't sure if it could succeed against such tall trees.
19:04Like this.
19:06Yes, it's too high.
19:09How big is it?
19:12How big and small?
19:12I'm not very tall anymore, maybe 60 meters.
19:20Can you put these two fish together?
19:29Someone used this fish.
19:30It has a hook
19:32I don't know who used this fish.
19:38Oh My God
19:40Some people thought of fish
19:42I used this fish.
19:51I can't see fish
20:06This is my fish.
20:08Can you watch it?
20:10Do you like this kind of fish?
20:11No right
20:14Ha ha ha ha
20:25I think I got it.
20:26Yes, I got it.
20:28Yes, I got it.
20:29I'm sure I got it.
20:31great
20:54I think it's 15m
20:57I don't think I'm 20m yet.
21:31Although collection is difficult
21:33However, in Nakamura Zhanghong's research
21:35This is just the simplest first step.
21:39Basic research on Lingguan ecology is relatively lacking.
21:41Therefore, the classification and identification work after collection
21:46More difficult
22:01Now we start with this type of strawberry
22:05We need names
22:07Then record it.
22:08On your research standards
22:14This is just a research standard.
22:16From a research standard preparation
22:18This is not all strawberries
22:20Let's see how many people there are.
22:22We prepared from this research standard
22:25We prepared from this research standard
22:2728,745 specimens prepared
22:32We spent a month
22:34But it took us seven to eight years.
22:38Our research standards
22:42We spent a month
22:45We spent a month
22:45We spent a month
22:46We spent a month
22:57From the first one
22:59The land transformed from barrenness to prosperity
23:02The plants were then able to grow.
23:05This led to new animal groups.
23:08The biodiversity of today has gradually formed.
23:13Ganre Valley
23:14alpine scree slopes
23:16Life in the rainforest
23:19Only a small part of this kingdom of plants and animals
23:23Harmonious coexistence of diverse life
23:26Interpreting the Way of Nature
23:29All things in the universe find their proper place and live a complete life.
24:18The youngest person born this year is this little monkey.
24:24The current designers are the Lanluan family.
24:27Because there are teammates with 48-shaped headlines and small-sized faces.
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