00:10One hundred and twenty-five million years ago, winter rages across the north.
00:26Entire species have been pushed to the brink.
00:40Even the largest dinosaurs are unable to endure this cold.
00:52Like these sauropods migrating south.
01:04Wreda came early this year and caught them off guard.
01:19With hundreds of kilometers ahead of them, this time it will be an especially harsh journey.
01:33But the bitter cold is not the only danger in this frozen land.
01:41There is a much greater threat here in these woods.
02:06Euteranus, the Snow King.
02:13An early relative of T-Rex.
02:20With a thick, insulating coat of feathers, he's perfectly adapted for life in a world this cold.
02:35But his feathers also serve a more sinister purpose.
02:46An early relative of T-Rex.
02:47Camouflage.
02:49The ultimate weapon for an ambush hunter.
03:16With silent precision he picks out the smallest member of the herd.
03:42Oh, my God.
03:52In a savage, ever-changing world, some will rise, and some will fall.
04:06But through it all, the dinosaurs will expand their empire and advance relentlessly to seize Earth's final frontiers.
04:34Oh, my God.
04:38Oh, my God.
04:51Oh, my God.
04:55Oh, my God.
05:47It's a new age for life on Earth.
05:52An age of extremes.
05:56New worlds are forming that will give rise to the most famous dinosaurs of all time.
06:10The North is still gripped by cold, but not for much longer.
06:23Earth's most violent forces are stirring once again.
06:33Earth's most violent forces are stirring once again.
06:52But some will pay a price for this warmer world.
06:57But some will pay a price for this warmer world.
07:11Earth will pay for this warmer world.
07:15It's a new age of fools.
07:16Oh, my God.
07:20Let's go.
07:38Well, let's go.
07:45As global temperatures continue to rise,
07:51the snow and ice all but disappear.
08:00Huge meltwater rivers tear through the land.
08:11This thawing of the north is expanding the dinosaur's empire even further.
08:20And in surprising new ways.
08:30In this fresh, fertile landscape,
08:35sauropods no longer need to migrate.
08:39But, it's also a new world for one of the dinosaur's oldest rivals.
08:48The pterosaurs.
08:51They are now bigger and badder than ever.
09:01Including Grey Draco, the ghost dragon.
09:13But, he's an intruder here.
09:21Because these trees are the home of Longipteryx.
09:27A new kind of dinosaur.
09:30A new kind of dinosaur.
09:32Less than 20 centimeters tall.
09:35But, highly territorial.
09:38Especially, during nesting season.
09:55They're also equipped to take on the pterosaurs.
10:04They're also equipped to take on the pterosaurs.
10:12.
10:16In a previous era.
10:18Flying dinosaurs, like,Anchionis
10:22could only glide. Now, they're
10:27able to flap their wings. And maneuver with precision.
10:31To strike at their enemies.
10:43They're fast and fearless.
10:58It only gets worse for the tiring pterosaur.
11:03Because long Ipterichs are distant cousins of Eutyrannus, the Snow King, they're armed with
11:14the teeth and claws of their clan.
11:28After ruling the skies since the Triassic, pterosaurs are now being matched by the dinosaurs.
11:46But as the dinosaurs fight to expand their empire into the air, an even greater revolution
11:55lies ahead.
12:06Not in the mountains, or the skies, or the oceans.
12:13The biggest twist in Earth's tale is unfolding quietly, almost in secret.
12:27Seven million years later, this new force is slowly rewriting the dinosaur story.
12:50This is one of the first flowers this forest has ever seen.
12:55One, just one, in a vast and diverse new generation of plants.
13:07And they will become a phenomenon with the help of a close ally.
13:21Beetles.
13:24They carry pollen from one flower to the next.
13:27Almost one, just one, in a wild forest.
13:35Nature's most reliable delivery service.
13:45Helping these new plants spread far and wide across the globe.
13:57Transforming the dinosaur's empire.
14:12But this new generation of plants has a dark side.
14:25While they need to attract pollinators, many are also evolved to repel herbivores.
14:37With spines, thorns, and poisons.
14:50Nature's defensive weapons.
14:58This green revolution changes everything for the plant-eating dinosaurs, including
15:09the great stegosaurs.
15:21They are herd animals by nature.
15:25But this young stegosaur, barely two years old, is all alone.
15:39She is the last of her herd.
15:54To eat these tougher new plants requires mouthful and chew food, in a way her primitive jaw
16:02cannot.
16:12She's starving.
16:27These once great herbivores are unable to adapt to this new world.
16:41It's one reason why their 50 million year existence will come to an end, extinction.
16:59But in the wake of the stegosaur's demise, a new era will emerge.
17:11Over the next 15 million years, these new plants evolve and diversify, spreading across the
17:22planet and ever further into the dinosaur's empire.
17:36The Green Revolution now covers the globe, and not just the land, but the water as well.
17:52Even providing cover and food for underwater explorers, like ankylosaurs.
18:27This bathing beauty is a different kind of dinosaur.
18:39He's a plant eater, like the stegosaurs, but a fancier one, much fancier.
18:54Because unlike the stegosaurs, his advanced jaw can crush food in a way that makes eating
19:04any kind of plant easy.
19:09It's the perfect adaptation for this diverse new world.
19:22He wants to take full advantage of all this great kingdom has to offer.
19:30And he has a plan.
19:41It's a long trek, but the journey is worth it.
20:07This is the one place where he can truly be himself.
20:22His passion is singing.
20:33He even has special olives in his snout that amplify his song.
20:44So it can be heard far and wide.
21:03It's a big deal, but instead of knowing the times of the sun, it takes full of the sun.
21:05It's a pure fear.
21:05It's a little confusing.
21:05The island gets secundered and over huge areas.
21:07It's a little bit of a season of sunrise.
21:07It's a place where the sun has been such a long trek.
21:07I don't need to be so much sun or something.
21:11I don't know what it is to go in my mind.
21:13That's a great thing.
21:13It's a great little bit of a lot of relief.
21:31A female has answered his call.
21:37It's time to charm her with his deep, sultry humming.
21:49Then, he shows her his stylish armor.
22:05It's all very persuasive.
22:27Their fancy attire does have some drawbacks, mind you.
22:35On the whole, though, heavy armor and an improved jaw are setting them up for success.
22:50But what no dinosaur could possibly know is that their empire has been gradually shrinking.
23:04Hidden below the waves, this world, once ruled by dinosaurs, is now completely out of their
23:18reach.
23:25And there's a reason.
23:32At the very bottom of the ocean, a slow, imperceptible shift reshaping the planet.
23:51The seabed is fracturing from an endless progression of eruptions.
24:25Earth's tectonic plates are shifting.
24:29Breaking apart the ocean floor, lifting it higher over millions of years.
24:42The water above has nowhere else to go but up.
24:49By the middle of the Cretaceous, sea levels reach their highest point in history.
24:55Over 200 meters higher than they are today.
25:18The rising oceans repaint the map of the world, erasing entire land masses.
25:30The continent of Europe is reduced to a giant archipelago that includes the Isle of Herzig.
25:45A world where isolation and evolution have created a kind of neverland for the dinosaurs.
25:55A world where normal rules don't apply.
26:05This is the home of Magyarosaurus, a sauropod.
26:15And, like other sauropods, he uses his long neck to reach the highest vegetation.
26:33Thing is, this vegetation is only two meters tall.
26:41Which makes Magyarosaurus about the size of a pony.
27:03On Hatzegg, where there's limited space and food, sometimes smaller is better.
27:27But unlike Magyarosaurus, for predators, digger is still better.
27:49As tall as a giraffe, one of the largest pterosaurs to ever live.
28:00The nightmare Hatzeggopteryx.
28:09She's flown to this island, to feed on dinosaurs.
28:25The youngest member of the herd gets separated, but it won't be an easy catch.
28:41Unlike his giant cousins, he's right on his feet.
29:12But being this small, he can't see the others.
29:24They found a safe hiding spot, perfect for their size.
29:29.
30:10I don't know.
30:38I don't know.
31:12The tiny dinosaurs trapped on an island has nowhere else to go.
31:31But in a world so divided by the ocean, evolution takes different turns in different places.
31:4996 million years ago, sea levels are close to the highest they've ever been.
32:06Creating a water world that no dinosaur has dared to enter.
32:19But that's about to change.
32:35Lurking in this mangrove swamp is a carnivore that has specially evolved to take on the final frontier.
32:56A dinosaur pioneer.
33:12Spinosaurus.
33:13Spinosaurus.
33:17Spinosaurus.
33:19Spinosaurus.
33:20The largest predator to ever walk the Earth.
33:26Spinosaurus.
33:30Spinosaurus.
33:38Spinosaurus.
33:39Spinosaurus.
33:41Spinosaurus.
33:42The forest provides plenty of prey.
33:48But another reason she's gotten this big is because of where she goes to escape the gloom of the swamp.
34:14Here, the high sea levels have turned the oceans into a new hunting ground for the dinosaurs.
34:23Where bigger is definitely better.
34:53Spinosaurus is adapted to a planet that is now mostly ocean.
35:01And in this age, some of the largest prey is here in the water.
35:22Sharks.
35:29In a flat-out chase between a shark and a giant dog-paddling dinosaur, the shark will always
35:38win.
35:42But there's more to Spinosaurus than meets the eye.
35:53Dinosaurs aren't just becoming bigger.
35:57Some are cunning, too.
36:01She's going to make the sharks come to her.
36:15Her snout is wired with sensors that can detect the slightest movement.
36:25Now, all she needs to do is keep completely still.
36:48The best hunters are the patient ones, and her patience is starting to pay off.
37:06The blood in the water is drawing the sharks closer.
37:15She's not perfect.
37:23It's full of fire.
37:39She always has afeedback.
37:54She doesn't move.
38:00She knows how this game is played.
38:23Brains and brawn, a killer combination that is finally letting the dinosaurs get a foothold
38:35in the ocean.
38:46Their reach is now global and extends to the very ends of the Earth, to what will one day
39:00be Antarctica.
39:11While Spinosaurus is stalking the shallow seas and the tropics, the world's southernmost
39:20landmass is not the frozen wilderness we know today.
39:26It's a green, flourishing Eden, where even in the dark, evolution is lighting the way.
39:51And thriving in the darkness are the dinosaurs.
40:09By this stage in the late Cretaceous, their empire is so vast that they now dominate every
40:18continent on Earth.
40:28And yet, while their reign is global, and their rule almost unchallenged, their story will take
40:45a dark turd.
41:27In the late Cretaceous, it's not the southern bay, but the world is only one day at the
41:28When we were here, the world is only one day and the world is known as the world is
41:28one of the largest areas in the world.
41:31We have found that the world has been a long-term life.
41:31Like in the past, we have been a part of the fog and the sun in the net.
41:33To come from the future, we have come to the southeast efekinus Sacrothori.
41:33A lot of the seas and parts of the sea.
41:35And there are many of the seas, we are just about the marshes and the sea.
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