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Mark Robers Crunchlabs S03E05 Episode 5 Engsub
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00:00Hiding inside this box is an absolute marvel of engineering you might just
00:04find protecting you the next time you're at a public event. That's got a lot of
00:07people. And while this just might look like a boring old drone, it's actually
00:15one of the fastest in the world. It's autonomous and it weighs five times more
00:19than is typical because the purpose of this drone is to lock onto a bad guy
00:24drone trying to do bad guy things and then smash it into a thousand pieces.
00:28Now that drones have become so incredibly cheap, fast, and maneuverable, it's only
00:33a matter of time before they're used to carry explosives to attack key
00:37infrastructure or even worse. But before you get too worried, there's some good
00:41news here. And so today we're gonna take a look at all the latest technologies
00:44being developed to combat this very possible scenario. And then after we see
00:48how the pros are doing it, we'll investigate how a few backyard YouTube
00:53engineers would handle the same problem. And I don't want to give too much away, but it
00:57might involve giant dart turrets, Tesla coil water guns, and the world's largest
01:01vortex cannon. Now to kick things off with the pros, I headed down to a company
01:05called Andro, who are one of the leaders when it comes to drone defense, where I
01:10met up with their founder, Palmer Luckey, who, by the way, you might recognize as
01:13the dude who dropped out of school at 19 years old to invent the Oculus VR headset.
01:17And right out of the gate, he set the stage.
01:19The United States has the ability to defend against fighter jet attacks or bomber
01:23invasions and zero ability to control what happens in the first few hundred feet of our
01:26airspace. That's the thing we have to solve. We have to tame the Wild West.
01:29Palmer explained to me there are six primary ways to take out a drone with bad intentions,
01:33and every method has a major flaw except for number six. The first is jamming, where you just
01:39overwhelm the drone with fake radio signals so it can no longer hear the instructions from the
01:43human operator and they lose control. Seventy percent of all consumer drones are from DJI,
01:48and they actually provide the equipment to law enforcement that will jam the communications like
01:52this. The second method to take out a drone with bad intentions is hacking, where you remotely
01:57hack into the drone using the radio signal, and then by exploiting known problems in the software,
02:02you can take control and force it to land or crash. But Palmer pointed out the potential
02:06Achilles heel for both of these first two methods. All they have to do to bypass that is use a
02:10different brand of drone, use a different brand of radio, use a different frequency, or build a drone
02:15that doesn't even need those frequencies in the first place. Basically, by using something
02:18besides the most popular consumer drones and frequencies, means this would have no effect.
02:23Method number three is high-powered lasers, where you basically just heat up the outside surface of
02:28the drone so high that it catches fire. And this works pretty well against plastic drone casings,
02:33but once again, there's a weakness. What if I just hang a five-cent pie tin? It takes orders of
02:39magnitude more energy to burn through a metal reflective pie tin? It just doesn't work. The next method is a
02:44focused beam of microwave energy like an EMP. The goal here is to induce a current in the drone
02:49electronics so high that it fries the brain of the drone. But as Palmer explained, all the bad guy
02:54has to do to mitigate this is to buy some cheap copper tape from Home Depot, and once you cover
02:59the
03:00body of the drone, it becomes practically invisible to this attack. He can reduce the amount of power
03:06that gets to the internal electronics from an EMP by orders of magnitude. And that means a microwave
03:10beam gun that was previously able to fry a drone at 2,000 meters away now only works if that
03:16copper
03:17taped drone is two meters away. So now the beam gun is basically useless. Coming in at number five are
03:23nets fired in the air from other drones. And this makes sense if you're trying to capture the bad drone
03:28for forensic investigation. But net carrying drones by default are going to be slower and less maneuverable,
03:34so they're beatable with speed and agility. Now all this would be real bad news were it not for the
03:39sixth
03:39method that even works if you designed a super drone that combined all the tricks to defeat methods
03:45one through five. And it's possibly the oldest method of destruction known to man.
03:51Smashing stuff.
03:55Because this method is so foolproof, Andrew makes a blazing fast drone appropriately called Anvil,
04:02whose only job is to use kinetic energy to bust up a dangerous drone into thousands of pieces.
04:08Imagine a children's bowling ball thrown twice as fast as a major league baseball fastball.
04:15That's what it's like getting hit by Anvil. And so naturally after hearing all of this,
04:19I wanted to see it in action. So they took me out to their test grounds where they set up
04:23a scenario
04:24where a bad guy drone was zooming towards our position. Thank goodness we got Anvil. Now they
04:28immediately identified the drone even before it had taken off. And that's due to the towers you see here.
04:34Each tower has sensors on it, such as radar, optical cameras, or IR detectors. And then they
04:39use computer vision, machine learning, and AI to detect, classify, and track everything of interest
04:44in a designated area. It's so precise, in fact, it will actually identify and track every single bird
04:51on the test range. They call this software system Lattice, and it's the real secret sauce at the core of
04:57their company. So what we do is we detect a drone, classify what it is, and if it's something that
05:01Anvil needs
05:01to go after, let's say you try to jam it, you try to hack it, it doesn't work, you now
05:05launch Anvil.
05:07Oh, here it goes. Anvil immediately zoomed out to the bad guy drone, but importantly,
05:12it didn't engage. Instead, it just locked into position about 30 meters underneath it,
05:17perfectly mirroring the other drone's movements, turn for turn, just waiting for a human operator to
05:22give the go-ahead to use its terminal guidance sensors to close the gap and attack from below,
05:27smashing into the drone at speeds approaching 200 miles an hour. Now, besides use Anvil, they have
05:33other systems too, such as Roadrunner here, which is designed to take out faster and larger drones,
05:38where you would typically have to fire a Patriot missile. But unlike a Patriot missile, Roadrunner
05:43costs an order of magnitude less, and if you just scare off the threat without needing to engage,
05:49then it can come back to be reused for another time. Ultimately, Andril is taking the SpaceX
05:53approach to using cutting edge engineering to make things way more capable for way less money.
05:59And you know they're doing something right because they have some portion of their solutions
06:02currently implemented in a lot of different places. Southern border, northern border, national parks,
06:08military bases around critical infrastructure, around nuclear energy sites. There's a lot of
06:12sensitive places where you don't want to have no idea who's there and what they might be doing.
06:17So now that we've got a handle on how the pros do drone defense, the question you're probably
06:21wondering is how would Mark Rober do drone defense? And I think the answer is, it would probably look
06:26something like this. A seven foot tall, fully articulated mega turret that fires a six shooter
06:32barrel worth of preloaded mega darts. And so to properly test out how effective this was, I called
06:37three of my engineering buddies who also came up with their own ideas on how they would tackle the
06:42problem and it sort of turned into a four person backyard engineering competition. So in addition to my
06:46mega turret, their designs might include a fully electrified drone squirt gun, a vortex cannon that
06:52could do some real damage, and even a very scrappy system that does a little of its own autonomous
06:57drone tracking. But for context on our bootstrapped engineering showdown, it's important that I first
07:01let you know about a super secret project I've been working on for over two years, because ever since
07:06I launched Crunch Labs, the biggest bit of feedback was that this is great for kids to have a bunch
07:11of
07:11fun learning how to create and build, but what about something for teenagers and adults? Well,
07:15I'm happy to say that starting today, that exists now. And this is it. It's called Hackpack and it's
07:21basically a series of really fun programmable robots that get delivered right to your door where we build
07:26it together and learn step by step the kinds of engineering skills that go into making the builds
07:31on my channel. And don't be intimidated because all these use a programmable microcontroller as the
07:36brain. Because if you could put together a lego set, you can put together this and it will work
07:41right out of the box. No programming required and it will still be really fun.
07:46Heck yeah! Meaning for the first desktop turret robot, it works just like my mega turret where the
07:52IR remote can spin it 360 degrees and you can fire the six shooter barrel worth of preloaded darts,
07:58either one at a time or rapid fire. After which you just refill the magnetic snap-on barrel cartridge.
08:03And then for the next box, you'll be building this awesome domino robot that will follow any line you put
08:08on the ground and lay down a path of dominoes right on that path. But then it knows to stop
08:13for
08:13a refill when it runs out. After that, you've got this oversized custom label maker that works using
08:20just a sharpie and a roll of masking tape or this beautiful sand garden controlled with the polar
08:25gantry. But here's the thing that makes these totally different. And this is the real magic of
08:30Hackpack. You can easily hack the brains of any of these robots in a bunch of ways to completely level
08:36up
08:36the functionality. So for example, for the desktop turret, you can make it password protected,
08:40so only you can control it. And if your friend tries and gets it wrong, the robot's gonna let
08:45him know that. Or there's a party mode, sort of like pie face, where everyone sits around the table
08:49and it will spin around as it terrifyingly plays with your emotions. Or you can hack it so when your
08:55dad turns on the TV, the receiver picks up on that signal and autonomously turns to his chair to
09:00unload the full barrel of darts. But there's even hardware hacks too, so it can continuously scan your
09:05office. And if you add a proximity sensor to detect an intruder, it will give them six convincing
09:10rapid-fire reasons to get the heck out. And so all these cool ideas act as a motivator for you
09:15to
09:16check out the web-based coding module where you can plug in your robot brain and make any of these
09:20updates. And when you're there, you'll see there's three levels. At level one, the code is fully locked
09:25down. And you can only swap out the full code for verified new hacks, like the passcode hack. At level
09:30two, you can now change some key variables, like how quickly the barrel turns, or how many numbers to put
09:35in
09:35your passcode lock. And then at level three, you have full access to change everything. And since
09:39my goal is to take you from wherever you're currently at and then level you up, there's a
09:43community where you can post questions, as well as an AI chatbot named Mark Robot that will check your
09:48code for you and help you implement your most creative ideas. And each really slick-looking
09:53hack pack box that gets delivered to your door not only includes a video for me that shows you how
09:57to put it
09:57together, but each video also gives you a new juicy nugget about the tools I use to build and code
10:02stuff,
10:03so you can grow your creative engineering brain muscles one step at a time. We put up the lid
10:08sticker instruction video for this first box, plus a 20-minute Arduino crash course on the Crunch Labs
10:13YouTube channel, so you can see for yourself that we're not cutting any corners. Just like with my
10:18YouTube videos, I love taking complicated things and making them simple, and that's what we've done
10:22here. So if you've always wanted to learn to code, this is for you. But if you're a master coder
10:27and
10:27builder, this is also for you, because this is a community. So I'll absolutely be looking for the most
10:32impressively ridiculous hacks and modifications, and then we'll be sure all the other subscribers
10:37see them so they can be inspired to make their own hacks. And hack pack is a great activity to
10:42do with
10:42friends and family, or even just by yourself, if you've always wanted to make and build cool stuff,
10:47but just haven't figured out that first step. On top of all that, a couple times a year,
10:51I'll randomly be selecting one box in which I'll place the platinum diploma. And if your box has it,
10:57congratulations, because college is now free for you or a loved one you want to transfer it to. Plus,
11:03you get to come out to Crunch Labs and brainstorm some of your own ideas with me and my team
11:08for a
11:08day. So if you want to embark on this journey of discovery with me, just go to crunchlabs.com or
11:13use the link in the video description, where to say thank you, we're giving away one free box
11:17as an early subscriber special. We poured our hearts into these for over two years, and I am so confident
11:23your brain is going to love them. But supplies are definitely limited on this first run,
11:28so if you don't want to miss out, be sure to go check out that link in the video description.
11:31And with that, let's get to the competition. Gentlemen, what's the confidence level at?
11:35Here. Maybe like here? Can I have a shovel? That's the sound of an engineer who has not
11:39got a lot of sleep this week. I'm excited to face off my turret versus your turret. Your turret
11:43actually shoots things. How do you know what mine is? It's right there. Oh, that thing.
11:50It's controllable with a hack pack turret remote. No, I'm sorry. I'm sorry. Move it that way.
11:56Lucky for the boys, the turret got distracted as the first drone took to the sky, pausing at a height
12:01where only a mega turret could possibly bring it down. I could absolutely hit that with a rock.
12:07And while that might be true for the average person, none of us are exactly first to be picked
12:13in gym class type material. At any rate, it was time to see what this bad boy could do.
12:18Let me line it up. Hold on. Oh, yeah. That's looking good. Three, two, one.
12:29That was pretty cool. Yeah. But you missed. Dang it.
12:34Go to the right. Fire.
12:39This is the one. I can feel it. Three, two, one.
12:46Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah. Wait. It's okay. What? The drone recovered from that. That was so cool.
12:58That drone is so much more impressive than the turret. But lucky for me, the definitely not made up on
13:03the
13:03spot rules state that if a dart makes contact with the drone, you get one final bonus shot.
13:14The mega turret had secured. It's dead. A mega hit. Check it out. You actually did.
13:20Yeah. What's up now? Let's see you guys beat this.
13:25What's up? Question is, which one of you guys wants to try and top that? Me.
13:30Me. Oh, God. First up, we've got Kevin. Where is Kevin? He's, uh... Oh!
13:36Yee-haw! Woo-hoo! Yee-haw! Kevin!
13:41Yeah! Yeah! Coming for your drones! This feels like it's bigger than... Whoa!
13:47...necessary. This is the V-Rad cannon. Avian defense turret.
13:55Avian defense? So what? You scare birds with that? Yeah, and shoot down drones. And this concept
13:59was actually invented 200 years ago by farmers shooting it at hail clouds in the sky to try and
14:05save their crops. But then they found a far less speculative application was just to shoot it
14:09towards birds to scare them away from eating all the seeds in the field. You're gonna look so silly if
14:15the drone doesn't get shot down with this thing, Kevin. Giddy up! And when you mix just the right amount
14:19of
14:19oxygen and propane in the combustion chamber and then give it a spark, you basically get a single
14:24shot rocket engine. Three, two, one, fire!
14:32Fire! Wow, Kevin. Real impressive.
14:36Oh! God!
14:41And it absolutely destroyed the drone. Oh my god! It, like, actually totally died! Wow! That looks like a
14:50really good way to kill a drone, actually. That was really good. And that's when we realized it was
14:54also a great way to play a certain game called chicken. Bring it on! And if you think for a
15:00second we were
15:01scared to stand before this gigantic cannon. Why are we doing this? I mean, you're right,
15:06but what's even more scary... Oh! Oh my god! Wait! It's like a jet flag overhead!
15:14...was doing it over and over again until it found its aim. Oh! Why was it right? It's coming up
15:20towards us!
15:21Oh my god! I hope it blows your hat off and we can see what you're hiding under there.
15:33Oh! Oh! Oh! Oh! It got my head!
15:43Oh! Oh! Oh! Oh! It's still going!
15:50Oh my god! And in our game of chicken, we were
15:54definitely prepared to get much closer to the cannon like these guys, but we ran out of jet
15:59fuel, so sadly we had to move on. This is my invention! This is a Tesla coil. You know when
16:05you rub your feet on a carpet and you get a spark? Yeah, I know. This is like a billion
16:09times more
16:09powerful than that. Three, two, one! Tesla coil!
16:17And if it was a contest for coolest visuals? Wow! See, that's pretty cool, right? Allen definitely would have won
16:23right on the spot.
16:25But it wasn't. I feel like that's not gonna get a drone. All right, here's my real plan. Salty,
16:31electrically conductive goo. Is that legal? What in the world is this? So this is xanthan gum and salt. It
16:41nozzle is going to shoot a stream of goo, so when it touches the drone, it's going to fry it.
16:45Well,
16:45it's just salty protein and it's thick. It's safe to say I had reservations about pretty much all of
16:52this. Tesla coil on! As predicted, the coil on its own had nowhere near the range to hit the drone.
16:58Goo stream on! Oh! Oh! Wow! Why is it so low? That's no good!
17:06And it seemed like the goo wouldn't either. But after a little pressure adjustment...
17:10There we go! There we go! The electric goo gun made contact.
17:14Oh, come on! Oh, yes! Yes! And it appeared like Allen had taken it out for good.
17:22Whoa! Still, like, trying to be alive! There was no way to salvage things here,
17:28so sadly... Use your heel mark in one solid hit. This feels wrong!
17:32We had to put the little guy out of his misery.
17:35Oh, no! Mark! Mark, it's filtering it again!
17:39I'm so sorry! Goodbye, little fella.
17:46I said goodbye. May your microchips forever rest in the watery depths below.
17:52And that's how you kill a drone! The light's still on!
17:56Oh, no! All right, Will, I think it's your turn. It's this.
18:00A drone in a fog machine! Wait! And special effects? I didn't know he could order a fog!
18:07But out of the fog, William's creation gloriously emerged. Sort of.
18:12I want you to hold on to that. Wait.
18:14And this was the point where I realized Will's drone had taken a sudden interest in what I was holding.
18:19I suddenly feel unsafe! I'm looking at you, Mark! It's looking at you!
18:22Run away, Mark! Run away! And it was totally tracking me.
18:26Until it was. I did finish it just 30 minutes ago!
18:30Will had very ambitiously taken the andro approach of attempting to actively track the target drone.
18:35Ultimately, his hunting drone was using eight overlapping photo detectors to look for a specific
18:40IR source on the target drone I was holding, and then it would keep itself oriented in the direction
18:45where that signal was the strongest.
18:47You have to attach this thing to the target drone for you're going to know where it is?
18:52Uh, yeah.
18:53I mean, how's it going to take it down?
18:55By smashing into it.
18:57Let's do it.
18:58And this is where Will brought in his secret weapon, Peter Shreepel.
19:02But to be fair, all Peter was actually doing was hitting the gas pedal on the drone at the right
19:07time.
19:07All the other choices were being made autonomously by the drone itself.
19:10Okay, I'm taking off, and then we're going autonomous.
19:13All right, so it's hunting!
19:16Whoa, it's going towards the drone!
19:16It's hunting the drone!
19:18Run!
19:18Oh! Oh! Oh, I missed!
19:20Oh, boy.
19:21Oh, it's coming back!
19:22Okay.
19:23Go!
19:24It reminds me of like, Toro! Toro!
19:29Oh!
19:31Oh!
19:32That looked pretty good.
19:33But after a series of near misses...
19:35Ah, yes!
19:37...the hunter got serious.
19:38Oh!
19:39Oh!
19:39Whoa!
19:40Oh!
19:41Nice!
19:42Smashing into the drone for the final kill of the night, and taking a much-deserved victory lap.
19:48Dude, wow!
19:49Round of applause.
19:53That was cool.
19:54Time to announce the winner of the drone defense derby.
19:56I get to decide, since this is my channel.
19:58And honestly, I gotta give this one to William.
20:01Oh!
20:03As much as I hate to say it, but I deserve it!
20:06From an engineering standpoint, it's very, very impressive.
20:10And your prize?
20:11You get three hack packs.
20:13Whoa!
20:14Yeah!
20:15Now you guys can, you know, hone those engineering skills in.
20:19And so if you too want to hone your own engineering skills, or heck, even just begin to learn some
20:23basic building skills in the easiest way possible while having a ton of fun at the same time,
20:29be sure to check out that link in the video description to crunchlabs.com to get your free
20:33hack pack box as the early adopter special.
21:10to get up the slide set of duties!
21:19So we are trying to keep
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