00:00When I go to the police, lastimosamente, the only thing I feel is pain
00:05because it was not only my case, but there were several cases that happened
00:09that they had pérdidas oculares.
00:11We had a large database of data that showed that at least 100 people
00:16suffered lesions oculares during a period of four months.
00:25The President of the Defense, Diego Molano, was subjected to the Senate
00:29to a motion of censure promoted by the opposition.
00:33You have a responsibility for using the llamadas armas
00:38of reduced letalization against the protesters.
00:42It is frustrating how the government kills us.
00:47They kill us, so I hope some day weoke the weapon
00:51and no attacking the population, a us.
00:54So, let's go.
01:37My name is Juan Pablo Fonseca, I'm 25 years old, I live in Bogotá and I work in the
01:43Cocktail del Mar as a kitchen counselor.
01:45I came out with a friend and a friend on the 1st of May, at the marches.
01:51It was like 7am, 7.30am, he started to shoot.
01:56So, what we did was dispersing at that moment.
02:00What they did was to shoot again, they were two agents.
02:03They told me to shoot down.
02:06So, they shoot down again, two gas lacrimonial gases.
02:10Then he goes to me and I see him fixedly.
02:14That's when he shoots me.
02:18I fell to the ground, the gas also fell to my side.
02:21And I started to lose my knowledge.
02:27Then I wake up in the infancy.
02:29I've been hurt a lot of time and practically without knowing.
02:37So, first of all, I've done a lot of time and I lost my eye.
02:42I lost my eye.
02:43The diagnosis was that I lost my eye.
02:45I had more than 20 fractures in my nose.
02:50When opening, they find out that everything is broken.
02:53All my orbit was lost, all the orbit was broken, all the front, all these are plates, plates, plates, plates,
03:00plates.
03:03How are you? My name is Juan Pablo Fonseca, I'm one of the affected directly by an agent of the
03:10SMAD.
03:10I had 22 fractures, the loss of my right eye, I'm going to my sixth surgery.
03:17It's very painful, first of all, not physical, but emotional, I think the pain is quite big.
03:27The trauma ocular is not simply, well, simply, it's not just losing sight in a young person,
03:35it's also losing many of their dreams and their expectations of life.
03:40Muchos de ellos perdieron su trabajo, perdieron su pareja, sus conexiones con su círculo más íntimo por depresión, por tristeza,
03:50por miedo.
03:51En el marco laboral, ahorita mi situación es un poco complicada.
03:56Obviamente, pues no, digamos que sí o sí ya soy una persona discapacitada, no solo después de mi recuperación,
04:06sino esto es algo que va a quedar para toda la vida.
04:08Te podría decir que uno de mis casos es uno de los mejores al lado del resto,
04:16porque personas desaparecidas, personas que de verdad hasta el son de hoy no se sabe nada,
04:22y estamos hablando de más de 100 personas desaparecidas.
04:26Lo que me han pasado esto es una celebración a comparación de otras situaciones.
04:48Música
04:56For the construction and the struggle that thousands of young people have done in Colombia,
05:05within the national break have emerged social organizations,
05:11and one of those organizations is MOCAO.
05:14It's a national movement of victims of trauma ocular
05:18that was born on April 9th of 2021,
05:24in remembrance of the National Day of the Victims in Colombia.
05:28This type of agresions generate a system of torture in the victims,
05:34in the issue of labor, in the issue of interperson relationships,
05:39in the issue of family.
05:41A lot of these types of attacks,
05:43not only me, but many colleagues who already have their prosthesis,
05:48or have a fracture,
05:49or leave them,
05:52so,
05:53nothing,
05:54so that they see the ocular cavity,
05:56and that's it.
05:57It's a different process for each one of the victims.
06:09Good morning, kitchen.
06:13After June to Julio,
06:15after having been unable to be kuried,
06:20I started again working,
06:22I tried to adapt myself to become alive again,
06:25I started to step forward,
06:28I started to grow projectively.
06:30It has been a quite difficult transition for the issue of the pressure on the face that I feel day
06:40-to-day,
06:40because it is not easy to overcome this physically.
06:47But we are advancing, right now the dreams have grown more.
06:53The truth is that I am the chef of the Oriental cuisine.
06:56It is something that also makes me very emotional.
07:00I keep working for my country, I keep cooking for them.
07:04At some point I felt the frustration of not being able to cook again,
07:08but here I am, entreging the best,
07:10and I think it is something that I feel satisfied.
07:36We had a meeting between some of the survivors of this trauma muscular.
07:43We talked about learning to live some of them without two eyes,
07:49or completely ciegas,
07:52about taking the stigma of an eye-to-eye and what that means.
07:57Because of course not everyone is agree with the social protest,
08:00but everyone knows that if you have an eye-to-eye,
08:04they probably have been in the protest,
08:07and those who have stolen the official discourse of that these people are delinquents,
08:11then they look at them with a bad face.
08:15You are going to march with a flag, with a message, with a letter,
08:21and they respond to you with bullets, with violence, with repression, with whatever.
08:31First of all, you feel free.
08:35Second of all, you feel vulnerable.
08:37And at any time you go to the street to fight for a dignified life,
08:42which is what we all want, a dignified life,
08:45a dignified education, a dignified health.
08:48If they respond with weapons,
08:50what they do is say,
08:52you can't ask anything.
09:04What we have seen as a conclusion of this report is that the ESMAD violates
09:11in a general way the rights of human rights of people
09:16by infliging intencionalmente heridas oculares
09:20as a consequence of the use proportion of weapons
09:23that are considered potentially lethal.
09:26That is, no are the weapons lethal,
09:27the weapons of fire,
09:29the weapons of fire,
09:30the weapons of fire,
09:31the weapons of fire,
09:33the weapons of fire,
09:34if they are not used to it,
09:35if they are not used to it,
09:37they can infligify these traumas of the erection.
09:41And many of the images
09:42show the officials of the ESMAD
09:45pointing directly to the torso or the head of the victims.
09:51Even in some cases,
09:53the victims have first had interlocution with some agents,
09:57the people who formed part of the protests,
10:01especially in the national war,
10:02from April of 2021,
10:04the idea,
10:07we understand that there was an intention
10:10to cause suffering and damage to these people
10:14and we believe that it was with the intention
10:16to incentivize the social protest in Colombia,
10:20which, unfortunately,
10:21is a pattern that we have seen before
10:23in other countries of the region, including Chile.
10:26I saw the context of what was happening
10:30in 2020,
10:31with what happened in September,
10:33in September,
10:34I started to meet more victims of trauma ocular
10:37and I said,
10:37this cannot be so,
10:39this must have been a process.
10:42And beyond that,
10:43I had heard what happened in Chile.
10:45So,
10:45I said,
10:47no,
10:48we have to create an organization
10:49and we have to show people
10:52that this is not something casual.
10:54For me,
10:55it has been a way to protest.
10:58Obviously,
10:59I feel that this kind of punishment
11:01is a way to control people's people,
11:03to infuse their fear
11:04and say,
11:05no,
11:05no,
11:05no,
11:05no,
11:06no,
11:06to be able to manifest.
11:06So,
11:07there is an idea
11:08that here,
11:09in Colombia,
11:10particularly,
11:12the protests
11:14were created
11:17by groups
11:19subversivos, or guerrillas urbanas.
11:23A raíz de eso vamos a decirle a la gente que tenemos una organización
11:27y aquí nosotros queremos lanzarle el mensaje de que este tema de las agresiones oculares
11:34tiene una finalidad y que esto no es ninguna casualidad.
11:38Nosotros decimos no, esto no es un castigo, esto es una forma de salir adelante
11:43y ante que nos quieran callar, que quieran silenciar, pues nosotros vamos a seguir
11:49alzando la voz, vamos a seguir respondiendo.
12:05Creo que allá entregué todo lo que tenía, creo que entregué lo más vital que es la salud.
12:11Creo que a ti te puede faltar todo en esta vida, pero si te falta la salud es algo muy
12:17difícil
12:17porque atravesar esto no es sumamente tan fácil.
12:24Entonces volverte a exponer a que puedas perder otro órgano o que pueda terminar completamente ciego
12:31son cosas que ya no se pueden buscar, son cosas que no pueden volver a pasar
12:37ni a mí ni a ninguna otra persona. Entonces considero que no volvería a hacerlo.
12:43Creo que leí todo a este país y creo que lo sigo haciendo bien.
12:48Algún día se hará justicia y pues esa justicia no será en mis manos, sino será en la parte del
12:54Estado.
12:54Entonces creo que pues allá él tendrá que sentarse y explicar lo sucedido.
13:00La sensación de injusticia y de inexplicable para una persona joven que pierde el ojo por haber salido
13:08o pierde la visión por haber salido a protestar contra otra injusticia
13:15es muy difícil de sobrellevar, sobre todo cuando las cosas no cambian en Colombia.
13:20Entonces también en Colombia creo que el movimiento joven que acompañó el paro nacional
13:27y que en un punto terminó protagonizando esta revuelta social
13:35está en este momento buscando pues entonces ¿qué es lo que hemos conseguido con todo esto?
13:42Probablemente después de las elecciones y con un nuevo gobierno formado
13:45muchas de estas discusiones se tendrán que retomar.
13:49¿Qué es lo que hemos aprendido como sociedad después de esta catástrofe de derechos humanos
13:55que fue la respuesta represiva del Estado a las protestas sociales?
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