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00:00Unreported World is back with a new series and tonight we're from Nigeria
00:03where women are risking their reputations, careers and sometimes their families
00:08to succeed in one of the world's largest film industries.
00:11In the conservative north, actresses and directors face strict Sharia law
00:16and powerful censors who can end careers overnight.
00:20Anya Pop travels from Kano's tightly controlled Cannywood
00:23to the booming studios of Nollywood in the south
00:26to meet the women determined to tell their own stories
00:29and rewrite the script in a male-dominated industry.
00:34It's loud, love story driven and scandal ridden.
00:41Yet in northern Nigeria's film industry, Cannywood, women work under extreme censorship.
00:47Why would she be using that film and trying to destroy the image of Hausa?
00:52No, no, no.
00:53Where getting it wrong can mean jail or industry exile.
00:57It's not a lot about, okay, how good your movie is,
01:00it's how well can you protect yourself too.
01:02So when they have everything to lose...
01:05In the process of me being an actress, I lose my family.
01:09What fuels these trailblazing women?
01:12But how would you give birth if you didn't open your legs?
01:15Thank you! Thank you!
01:18Risking it all to make their name in a man's world.
01:22Whoever you get to see in Cannywood is rebellious.
01:44The ancient city of Cano, once a key stop on the trans-saharan trade route,
01:49is now a major hub for movies.
01:52Cannywood is northern Nigeria's own answer to Hollywood
01:55and reaches over 80 million Hausa speakers across Africa.
02:00Here, all productions must follow a strict Islamic moral code
02:04and uphold Hausa values where men hold the power.
02:08Yet some women are trying to rewrite the script.
02:16We've joined Mansoura Issa, one of Cannywood's first female directors,
02:21on her set, Capacity, a female-focused series.
02:27Action!
02:27As a perceber heyman.
02:34paints a male-specific role.
02:36Set her role,メal, by the traffic,
02:42theories,لام, music,
02:43Courts! Court! Courts! Court!
02:44Police!
02:44Kass! Kass! Kass!
02:45The auntie women come to this town without her name.
02:49There are two Republican folks who have sick to ask her name.
02:52That's her crew!
02:55With over 20 years in Caniwood, Mansoura is one of just a handful of female directors
03:00registered here.
03:10She's mindful of strict censorship rules where showing immoral themes like adultery,
03:16prostitution or criminality can lead to filming bans or even prison.
03:21The cast is almost exclusively female.
03:24It's actually about women empowering women and in a society where men call the shots
03:29could be perceived as knights of rebellion.
03:34During a wardrobe change, Mansoura explains how her films try to counter male narratives.
03:40It's time for us to stop sitting back and allowing them to mold us the way they want.
03:46And I hope with this series, Capacity, a lot of women will come out and discuss the issue
03:53that they are going through.
03:54But we have to be mindful of our dialogues.
03:57Right.
03:57Because even the dialogue censorship board can censor it at any time.
04:01If we are to talk about, OK, we want equality, we want equal share with men,
04:07it's going to be very difficult for it to pass.
04:11Action!
04:13Capacity!
04:13Matam Parai!
04:16Inama Dama Sikapasiti!
04:19Matam Parai!
04:20Inama Dama Sikapasiti!
04:21Matam Parai!
04:23Terrorism and a volatile political and religious backdrop has blighted northern Nigeria for the
04:29last few decades.
04:30Religious leaders argues that sanitising house of popular culture helps maintain the peace.
04:42We are standing outside this huge 3000 seat cinema in Kanu, but like all big cinemas across
04:48northern Nigeria, it's long been shut.
04:51People stopped coming, a mixture of fear of Boko Haram, but also because of the introduction
04:56of Sharia law which dissuades people, strangers especially, from sitting together in the dark.
05:02Which means it now sits as this empty relic of all that's been lost here.
05:08The proclamation of Sharia law in Kanu in 2000 came with deadly violence and a drive to
05:14cleanse house the culture of western influences.
05:19Mansoura takes us to an old VHS rental store.
05:22So in Malekato you can find all our old movies.
05:26Kaniwood was accused of spreading immorality and with the formation of the censorship board in 2001,
05:32filmmakers had to align with pure Islamic values.
05:36This shop is like a museum of house of movies.
05:40And that's why it's very close to our hearts.
05:42I've featured in more than 300 movies.
05:45Wow!
05:46This is me and this is me.
05:50Nudity, foul language, intimacy and even touching the opposite sex were all banned.
05:57You can see there is a lot of films that before there is no even scarf.
06:01Yeah this seems quite not the sort of outfit that if you submitted a film now with your sort of
06:06Never.
06:07Showing like that.
06:08Never.
06:09Never.
06:10They won't accept it.
06:11I have to go back and remove that scene.
06:14Would they refer to this as nudity?
06:15Yes.
06:17Like Sangaya, there are some scenes that they touch hands.
06:21During the early upheaval, morality police raids and vigilante crowds targeted Kaniwood creators,
06:27burning DVD shops and hunting down actors.
06:30This is the really controversial movie.
06:32Controversial movie.
06:33It was so controversial.
06:35I was sent packing from Kano because of that movie.
06:39Why?
06:40Because in that movie there is this girl she got pregnant out of wedlock.
06:46They are looking for my house to burn my house.
06:49And this thing happens not only me.
06:52It has happened to a lot of people.
06:54The same religious scrutiny continues today, restricting the kind of stories filmmakers can tell.
07:01We are limited to love story and that's it.
07:04I love him.
07:05He love me.
07:06Daddy, I want to marry him.
07:07And that's it.
07:08They will allow you to release that movie.
07:09And this is giving me headache.
07:14Strict moral codes also mean that women who choose to act can pay a high price.
07:19The winner is Amina Shehu.
07:28Amina Shehu is one of Kaniwood's rising stars and just won a Best Actress award.
07:34Actress of dear.
07:35Amazing.
07:36Just 20, 25.
07:38Wow.
07:39And how did that feel when you win that?
07:41I cried because this is one of the day I've been waiting for.
07:47I never thought I would get one.
07:50In the typical Kaniwood family drama, Amina plays a 16-year-old married to a man 30 years
07:56her senior.
07:59But because of the way he used to treat her, she had an attack and died.
08:05Wow, that's making her a bit of a dirty.
08:07What's it like being a woman in northern Nigeria?
08:10As a female and a Muslim, you should just get married, be in the kitchen, have kids, just
08:21obey your husband.
08:23You don't have your auntie.
08:26Has your family always been supportive of you acting in Kaniwood?
08:29I come from a very, very strict family.
08:33They think me being an actress will spell my family's name and their reputation.
08:39Like, I shouldn't be acting.
08:42Acting is prohibited.
08:44I just want to be successful and I just want to stand on my own.
08:50But refusing marriage and pursuing her independence has come at a cost.
08:55Okay.
08:58What's making you upset?
09:00Is it about your family?
09:05Difficult.
09:06Sorry.
09:12So in the process of me being an actress, I lose my family, which is very, very bad.
09:27In Kano State, most women are still expected to seek their husband's permission to work or leave the home, ending
09:34many actresses' careers.
09:39When Sura is recently divorced and financially independent, it means despite an industry with little money, she's able to self
09:47-fund the stories that are important to her.
09:49Hello.
09:50Hello.
09:51Hi.
09:51Welcome.
09:55Today she's finalising her latest film, Joda, which she directed and stars in.
10:10It still has to pass the eyes of the censors, with one crucial scene worrying her.
10:15So this is the thing I'm talking about.
10:18So I'm scared they'll ask me to remove this.
10:20What is it about it that's...
10:22So it's about a woman giving birth.
10:24I'm sure they'll say that I should remove this.
10:26Even though you're wearing trousers or you're scared?
10:28Yes.
10:28Even when I'm wearing skirts, I have wrapper, I have everything.
10:32There's no...
10:33All my body is covered.
10:34I'm sorry.
10:36I'm sorry.
10:37I'm sorry.
10:37I'm sorry.
10:38I'm sorry.
10:39I'm sorry.
10:39I'm sorry.
10:41What did you say?
10:42No, he was asking me, is it true?
10:44That's how giving birth is.
10:47Joda is based on a true story about Mansoura's friend, who unknowingly contracted HIV from
10:53her husband and passed it on to her baby at birth.
10:56So for you, it's not just entertainment, it's educational.
10:59It's educational.
11:02Mansoura will face a censorship board later this week, who have recently expanded their
11:07powers dramatically.
11:16Caniwood actress Samha Inua was banned last year for one of her posts on social media.
11:23Are you able to talk through exactly what they accused you of doing and how you kind
11:27of found out that you were going to be banned for a year?
11:38Do you still have the video?
11:39Can we see it?
11:42The censorship board banned her for what they describe as crude dressing and vulgar displays.
11:48I know that my husband, my husband, raised my mother in the world and not because I
11:53was working and I knew her husband was in the powerhouse.
11:57And in my own story, the husband had a hard time for me to tell them how to sew.
12:01And how does that make you fail or you just resign?
12:16For some women, succeeding in Caniwood takes humour and resilience, but it's making it
12:21big outside that unlocks true fame and ambition.
12:27Superstar Marion Booth has crossed from Caniwood to Nollywood, Nigeria's mega film industry
12:32in the South, starring in the Oscar shortlisted Milkmaid.
12:37I don't follow rules.
12:40Troublemaker.
12:41I'm not a troublemaker.
12:42Whoever you get to see in Caniwood is rebellious.
12:46Because you have to be rebellious to be a Northern actress in the first place.
12:52That defines everything.
12:57The ladies face lots of trauma.
13:00They go through so much.
13:02Trust me.
13:03Everyone is fighting a battle mentally.
13:08They'll be like, stop acting, go get married.
13:13Mariam is in high demand.
13:15Today she's doing a lucrative brand promotion.
13:18She wants to inspire other women and girls to dream big.
13:22I just want to show these young girls how capable they are to reach their goals.
13:27So someone needs to make a change.
13:29And I feel like that change begins with me.
13:33Some have no choice but to drive change from within.
13:37Today it's D-Day for Mansoura's film, Joda.
13:39So I'm scared that they'll ask me to remove that part.
13:43And which is the soul of the movie.
13:45It's not all about, okay, how good your movie is.
13:48It's how well can you protect yourself too.
13:56These censors vet all Caniwood productions.
13:59...
14:04...
14:07...
14:09...
14:09How could you do it?
14:11I understand.
14:12If you think about it, let us show up.
14:16If you do it, then you will.
14:18What happened to me?
14:21Do you want to live with me?
14:24Do you see it?
14:25Yes.
14:26We want to live with you.
14:28I am not able to live with me.
14:33How did you give me a loving life?
14:47I said no, I said no, so what is not allowed, the way I open my legs?
15:05That's what they don't want.
15:07But how would you give birth if you didn't open your legs?
15:11Thank you! Thank you!
15:14The men can't think otherwise, so we have to protect the men not to think otherwise in the movie.
15:21Do you think women viewers would be offended by it, or is it mainly a male audience?
15:27It's allowed for women.
15:34How are you doing?
15:35I'm not happy about it.
15:37The men, they can fight it. We women cannot fight it.
15:41Because we have to protect ourselves at the same time.
15:44It's not easy.
15:46It's not easy.
15:48It's not easy.
15:50It's okay.
15:51It's okay.
15:56It's okay.
15:58It's okay.
15:58It's okay.
16:05I'll let you know your name is for the women who live with the women.
16:09attention to the children.
16:30Male-dominated cannywood dictates Hausa women's public image, defining their dress, behavior
16:36and self-expression. We've been invited to speak with the head of the censorship board,
16:42Abba El-Mustafa, a prolific cannywood producer and actor.
16:46Do you feel like your role is to protect Hausa culture?
16:51This agency is protecting the image of our religion and our, you know, tradition, custom
16:58of Hausa. Who is there in charge is their brother, their son and their father. Anything that is
17:06very, very sensitive. Don't portray it in a movie. Anything that can bring about topic of
17:11discussion negatively in the society, please keep it aside. Don't go beyond the boundary.
17:17Don't go beyond the ethics of Islam. Don't go beyond the teachings of our custom tradition
17:23and values.
17:24Do you feel like in the industry, men are held to the same standard as women?
17:29All those things that we are trying to restrict happens, happens with women. There you can
17:38see we don't have much problem with men. All we are doing is let us see what does Islam say
17:43about at least women.
17:45Can you explain to us why Samha was suspended for a year?
17:49There is that regulation that don't misuse your social media account. So why will she be
17:58using that film and trying to destroy the image of Hausa? No, no, no, no, no, no.
18:03Were you making an example of her? Oh, yeah. And unless I have achieved. And I told you the
18:08reason. Yeah. We just use her as a scapegoat.
18:17Cannywood films make up an estimated 30% of Nigeria's movie production. It's dwarfed by
18:23Nollywood in the largely Christian South, where women are powering the industry.
18:28Please come in. You're welcome to my home. Beautiful. Thank you.
18:32Mo Abudu is Nigeria's most eminent female media mogul and operates free of any moral censorship.
18:40I'm changing from my slippers into my shoes.
18:43She built Ebony Life, a media empire with its own cinema chain that's produced over 5,000
18:49hours of content. Ebony Life cinemas went from being number 40 on the list of cinemas in
18:57Nigeria to today being literally number one. Honestly, I mean, I'm just, I'm in awe.
19:05In the Ebony Life multiplexes, they produce award winning shows for Netflix, Sony and cinema.
19:12The wedding party. It was the biggest box office success for many, many years in Nigeria.
19:19A Sons of the Caliphate is an authentic story set in northern Nigeria.
19:23It was one of the first Hauser series to ever make it onto Netflix.
19:27Very authentic, amazing cast, beautifully shot, costuming, locations.
19:32How would the way that you make a northern film differ from perhaps how they would make films?
19:36Well, I make it have broader appeal so that a wider audience can consume it and understand it.
19:44It just gives it that, you know, that reach, that broadness that it deserves.
19:52We've been invited to join a networking lunch with some of the top female actresses, producers and creatives in Nollywood.
20:00Are women setting the bar in South Nigeria? In terms of the film industry?
20:06In the South West, 100%.
20:07Or in Nollywood?
20:08This is in, yes.
20:09But how is it that right now, if you look at the ten highest grossing films in Nollywood, at least
20:16the first seven women.
20:17That deserves a round of applause, I'm sorry, I'm sorry.
20:20Crack it! Crack it!
20:23Crack it!
20:24Everybody work, everybody on this table is here because they're also at the top of their game.
20:30Is the reason that women are so successful in this industry because you're all pushing each other up?
20:37Collaboration.
20:38Yes, it's important.
20:39Collaboration.
20:40You can't go far alone.
20:41I don't think everybody supports everybody.
20:42Everybody here supports each other.
20:44With collaboration, you can go ten times further and ten times faster than if you do it alone.
20:50Despite the difference in religion and culture, women here still feel they have to work much harder to achieve success.
20:57We've spent a lot of time in the North where women there say that, you know, men don't take them
21:01seriously and they've really got to fight for any opportunity.
21:04It's the same in the South.
21:05Men, Nigerian men and Nigerian men.
21:08It's the same.
21:09Wherever they are in Nigeria, they are the same.
21:12It's the same.
21:12Right?
21:13At the end of the day, men are resentful of successful women.
21:17Bam!
21:18100%.
21:19They are resentful.
21:20Truth.
21:21I guess maybe the difference there to here is they still very much hold the key to power, whereas...
21:25Well, they have...
21:26Nobody gives you the key.
21:27You have to take it.
21:29They can't pass this.
21:30Women filmmakers across Nigeria are pushing boundaries to excel.
21:34And despite facing different barriers to success, their aim is to set a new bar for women.
21:41We're back with Mansoura in Cano.
21:43We've seen how difficult things are in Cannywood.
21:47Getting films passed, getting funding.
21:49Why do you carry on?
21:51Passion.
21:52Passion.
21:53Love.
21:54Because you believe one day things might get better.
21:58A lot of artists that are from, like, Cannywood, the future in some of the Nollywood, Bollywood,
22:04Hollywood, you understand?
22:05Those would be the greatest achievements for them.
22:08And at the minute, does it feel like that's close or...?
22:11Yeah.
22:14Not close at all.
22:17And why is it important for you to keep doing films that push the boundaries on what's usually
22:24covered in Cannywood when it comes at such a personal cost to you?
22:28So I try to push women.
22:30I try to show women that they are strong and they can be even more than what they think they
22:35are.
22:38Mansoura's drive to encourage other women comes from her own struggles.
22:43After my divorce, I went to hell.
22:48I was having suicidal depression and it wasn't easy for me to be able to overcome it.
22:56I cannot allow other people to tell me what to do or how to live my life.
23:02But for Mansoura, staying strong and inspiring other women to be self-empowered is only half the job.
23:09I'm the mother of boys.
23:11I have, like, a total, let's say, 15, 16 in total.
23:16As well as her own children, Mansoura has informally adopted 11 boys.
23:21She's hopeful about the next generation.
23:24Are you teaching these boys to be good men in the future?
23:27Yeah, I'm doing that and they are learning from me too.
23:29So they are all good men.
23:31I want their happiness and at the same time, I want my happiness too.
23:35They will be a good boy and very happy.
23:38I want their happiness and Patty.
23:38Peace out.
23:38Peace out.
23:39Peace out.
23:50Peace out.
23:52Peace out.
23:55Peace out.
23:56Peace out.
23:58Peace out.
24:02Peace out.
24:03Peace out.
24:05Amen.
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