00:00How crude oil turns into petrol, diesel and gas.
00:03This process is called fractional distillation.
00:07Crude oil is first heated in a furnace at very high temperatures.
00:11This turns it into hot vapours and liquids.
00:14These vapours enter a tall column called the fractionating column.
00:18Inside the column, the temperature is not the same everywhere.
00:22It is hot at the bottom and cool at the top.
00:24As the vapours rise up, different substances separate based on their boiling points.
00:30The lightest substances move to the top.
00:32Heavier ones stay near the bottom.
00:34At the very top, we get LPG, which is used for cooking gas.
00:39Below that, we get naphtha, used in making chemicals.
00:43Next comes gasoline, which is used as fuel for cars.
00:47Below gasoline, we get kerosene, used as jet fuel and for heating.
00:51Then comes diesel, used in trucks and buses.
00:54Further down, we get heavy gas oil, used for ships and industries.
01:00At the very bottom, we get residue or bitumen, which is used for making roads and asphalt.
01:06So, from one raw material crude oil, we get many useful products.
01:10This is how fractional distillation powers our daily life.
01:14I've got stored in theatore sq wante.
01:14it happens to be totally dun disguised, still
Comments