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00:03Hidden for centuries, a strange megastructure emerges from beneath the sea and sand, an ancient timber circle, Seahenge.
00:14I think it's an upside down tree. It was huge and it went down so far.
00:21Lost beneath the waves for thousands of years, this submerged wooden circle conceals many prehistoric secrets.
00:28Something peculiar is going on here.
00:31And could hold clues that mark the beginning of the Bronze Age.
00:35This is a period where we see the first metal objects being produced.
00:40Society is getting very technologically savvy at this point.
00:44Today, experts use pioneering technology and 3D scan analysis to shed new light on who builds this unique monument.
00:55What dark rituals are performed here?
00:58What secrets does it share with the iconic Stonehenge?
01:05To solve these mysteries, we blow apart this Bronze Age monument piece by piece.
01:12We investigate a second submerged prehistoric circle, unearth ancient skeletons, and digitally rebuild the lost megastructure to uncover the truth
01:28behind this strange sunken wonder.
01:41Home beach.
01:43A remote stretch of coast in eastern England.
01:48Today, it is a peaceful haven.
01:50But the discovery of a strange relic reveals a dark, macabre past and could transform our understanding of our prehistoric
02:00world.
02:03One summer's day, coastal sands shift and reveal an ancient secret.
02:11hidden in the silt is a mysterious structure.
02:1655 timber posts, arranged in a wide circle.
02:21They're made from tree trunks split down the middle and covered in strange markings.
02:29And in the center of the circle, erupting from the sand, sits a colossal strangely shaped object.
02:39What is this peculiar structure?
02:49Mazie Taylor investigates the wood of this submerged edifice.
02:54You had these quite stunted, obviously very damaged timbers in the circle.
03:00The extraordinarily shaped object at the center of the circle captures Mazie's attention.
03:07At first, it appears this object is a huge tree branch.
03:13But closer inspection turns this theory on its head.
03:17The more you looked at it, the more you thought they're roots.
03:20I think it's an upside down tree.
03:25With the threat of the sea washing the newly exposed structure away.
03:30Mazie and an 11 strong team of archaeologists race to excavate the site.
03:37They dig four feet down into the mud.
03:42To carefully extract each timber.
03:47They use heavy lifting equipment to finally remove the central tree.
03:52The most extraordinary thing we found was it was huge.
03:56And it went down so far.
03:58With the timber circle safely extracted and preserved in tanks of fresh water, experts can investigate clues to its age
04:06and origins.
04:08When scientists examine the tree rings of the wood, they discover it dates back to 2049 BC.
04:17It means the structure is 4000 years old and dates to the Bronze Age.
04:25At this time, monumental circles of different types stand proudly across the country.
04:30The best surviving is Stonehenge, built 1000 years earlier.
04:37Used by prehistoric people for centuries, this stone landmark is a monumental reminder of our ancestral past.
04:46Originally in the center, five archways stand in a horseshoe shape, surrounded by two concentric circles of rock.
04:56With the layout of the timber circle resembling Britain's iconic stone circle, local press coined the name, Sea Hench.
05:07All that remains on the beach today is a metal pole that marks the spot where it once stands.
05:15What does the mysterious structure look like in its prime?
05:20Maizy believes measurements from the excavation could provide evidence.
05:25If you start looking at those depths below ground, it gives you the height above ground.
05:33The timbers they discover at Sea Hench plunge three to four feet into the sand.
05:39The rule of thumb is that a third of the wood needs to be in the ground to make it
05:44stable.
05:46Maizy tests this theory at a smaller scale to calculate the original height of the structure.
05:54It really is quite stable, so I think we can get on with our calculations assuming roughly a third is
06:03underground.
06:04Let's have a look.
06:07Yeah, it's about a third.
06:13Maizy's calculations reveal the original timber circle is a staggering ten feet tall.
06:19This amazing wall would have been pretty impressive.
06:25I'm five foot tall, so the timbers are going to be twice as tall as me.
06:30When they're unearthed, the timbers are worn and weathered.
06:35But in their prime, the trunks tower up to ten feet high
06:41and stand shoulder to shoulder to form a circular fence.
06:48At the front, a Y-shaped post creates a gap.
06:54An entrance that gives access to the tree stump in the center.
06:59To close the circle, a final post stands in front of the entrance,
07:04which perfectly aligns with the rising sun on the summer solstice.
07:10What is the purpose of Sea Hench?
07:16This solar alignment is similar to Stonehenge, where the heel stone aligns with the rising sun.
07:23Each year on the solstice, ancient people host sacred rituals here.
07:29But the central stump in the heart of this circle is a clue that Sea Hench has a different purpose.
07:39John Collis is on a mission to solve this mystery.
07:43The tides at Sea Hench have swept away any loose evidence around the circle.
07:48But John spots a similarity with another prehistoric site 70 miles inland.
07:57It's called Wigbur Lowe, a 16-yard stone circle surrounded by colossal limestone blocks.
08:06Its layout is similar to Sea Hench.
08:10It offers a unique window into the lost world of the Bronze Age.
08:16When John excavates the site, he discovers multiple fragments of bone and pottery dating back to the time of Sea
08:23Hench.
08:26Could human remains scattered within the mounds of Wigbur Lowe reveal the purpose of these strange structures,
08:33and give us a rare insight into the fascinating lives of these ancient people.
08:39Right the way across the mound we were picking up teeth, finger bones, toe bones.
08:45But what was very noticeably absent were any traces of the larger bones.
08:51So immediately we began to think that something peculiar is going on here.
08:56John suspects the presence of small human bones, but the lack of large ones could be a sign Wigbur Lowe
09:04is used as a dark prehistoric ritual called excarnation.
09:09Excarnation is a burial right.
09:11When somebody dies, they are laid out, exposed to scavenging birds.
09:18The flesh is removed, and many of the bones are left behind.
09:26Excarnation is also known as a sky burial.
09:30Once complete, the large bones are removed and buried in a grave.
09:35But traces of the ritual remain in the form of tiny bones that fall from the body.
09:42Excarnation seems to be the most sensible interpretation.
09:46Very small bones simply trickled down through the mound, but larger bones, one would expect, are just missing.
09:55John's discovery of pottery and small human bones at Wigbur Lowe proved people of the Bronze Age perform rituals for
10:03their dead.
10:06Is Sea Henge an excarnation site like Wigbur Lowe?
10:10We know in other societies that the exposure of the dead can be taking place in trees.
10:18This is one interpretation for the upturned tree trunk in Sea Henge.
10:29When someone dies, the community carries their body to the timber circle.
10:38They lay the body out on the upturned stump, expose it to the elements, and let the flesh decompose.
10:51Visible for the surrounding communities to see, scavenging animals move in to strip down the corpse.
11:02Once the excarnation is complete, the remaining bones are gathered to be buried elsewhere.
11:13Maisie believes the inverted tree trunk at Sea Henge is a clear sign of excarnation taking place.
11:20The central tree is precisely the right shape and size to place what we call a crouched body in the
11:30embryo position.
11:33The discovery of Sea Henge reveals that people of the Bronze Age celebrate the dead in the form of elaborate
11:40sky burials.
11:41But what can another mysterious object imprisoned beneath the sands reveal about this 4,000 year old burial rite?
11:59Sea Henge
12:00An ancient sky burial site where scavenging birds eat the flesh of the dead.
12:07Unearthed from the sand after 4,000 years.
12:13But just weeks after its discovery, another mysterious monument emerges.
12:19Sea Henge is not alone.
12:24Just 300 feet east of their first find, archaeologists uncover a series of ancient flat timbers.
12:33Now decayed, they once form a huge second circle.
12:40Over 40 feet wide, it covers an even bigger area than Sea Henge.
12:46On the inside, up to 60 smaller posts mark out an inner circle.
12:55Finally, in the very center, a woven wicker fence surrounds two logs lying side by side.
13:04Could this second circle mean Sea Henge is part of an even bigger ritual?
13:11Today, the second timber circle lies hidden beneath the sands.
13:17But all is not lost.
13:19Before it is completely reburied, archaeologists take a sample from the monument.
13:28Kathy Tyers believes dating the wood can reveal if Sea Henge and the second timber circle are constructed at the
13:36same time.
13:37To do this, she observes ring patterns on wood that form over the lifespan of the tree.
13:44A snapshot of the climate conditions in which the tree grew.
13:50The wide rings are actually where the tree was very happy that year.
13:54It wasn't short of nutrients.
13:56Whereas some of these rings in this sample are actually very, very narrow.
13:59So it shows that the tree was actually under stress.
14:04So those wide and narrow rings, that pattern through time, is giving us some information about the climate.
14:11Kathy compares the ring patterns from the second circle timber to those from Sea Henge.
14:18If the ring patterns match, this is proof both circles are built at the same time.
14:26The black line was Sea Henge.
14:30The red line is actually from the other timber circle that was discovered.
14:35And what we can see here is that the ring pattern is very similar.
14:39We've got peaks and troughs, so wide and narrow rings in the same place.
14:45And because that outermost ring on a lot of those timbers is only partially formed,
14:53what we can actually say is that they were felled in spring or very early summer 2049 BC.
15:01This evidence reveals the second timber circle is built within just a few months of Sea Henge.
15:09This could mean that both these monuments are part of a complex and intricate burial practice.
15:17Archaeologist Mazie Taylor believes the two central beams of the second timber circle are the key to understanding the role
15:25each monument plays in this 4,000 year old ritual.
15:30In the very centre, the two huge logs, they were about six feet apart and precisely aligned so that the
15:40most logical and sensible explanation is that a coffin would have sat on them.
15:46And this site was the final resting place for somebody.
15:55Mazie thinks that when the excarnation of the body at Sea Henge is complete, the bones are placed into a
16:02coffin made from a hollowed out tree trunk.
16:07The mourners then carry it 300 feet in a ceremonial procession to the second circle.
16:17Here they lay the coffin across two central stumps and bury it with earth, cementing the transition to the afterlife.
16:294,000 years ago, the inhabitants of this area build not one, but two monumental timber circles.
16:38Here they host elaborate ceremonies to commemorate the death of their loved ones.
16:45These practices are not unique to Sea Henge.
16:48At Stonehenge, cremated human remains and hundreds of skeletons are buried around the outside of the circle.
16:57But in Holm Beach, the bones remain inside the second timber circle.
17:02Are the people that build Stonehenge and Sea Henge related?
17:08Could clues unearthed two miles from Sea Henge reveal the answer?
17:224,000 years ago, two mysterious circles 300 feet apart and twice the height of a human
17:29are built with colossal tree trunks at their center.
17:35Archaeologists believe they are used in complex burial rituals.
17:39But who are the groundbreaking ancient engineers behind these monuments?
17:47David Robertson is on a mission to track them down.
17:51He heads to Thornham Village, just two miles from Sea Henge to investigate.
17:57This location is really interesting because looking straight out there is where the site of Sea Henge
18:03and the second timber circle at Holm Beach would have been.
18:07But this hilltop overlooking Sea Henge is more than just a vantage point.
18:12David thinks it could hold clues to identifying the builders of the Sea Henge ritual complex.
18:18One of the reasons this site is so important is that we have aerial photographs by the RAF that show
18:24crop marks.
18:28Distinct lines in the fields are a clear sign that something hides beneath the ground and needs investigation.
18:38When archaeologists excavate the site, they uncover the remains of a fort dating back to the Romans.
18:45And in the center, they unearth dozens of skeletons buried in shallow graves.
18:54But it's what they find beneath the foundation which most excites them.
18:59Evidence of a much older settlement.
19:03They unearth eight fragments of pottery that date back to the early Bronze Age and are delicately and distinctively decorated.
19:15Can this pottery help identify the builders of Sea Henge?
19:22David believes that the unique style of pottery is a direct link to a particular group of highly skilled people.
19:31It is the signature of the beaker people.
19:36Named after their unique bell-shaped drinking vessels known as beakers.
19:42But they are from mainland Europe.
19:45What is their distinctive pottery doing here?
19:49Is it imported?
19:51Or is it evidence the beaker people are in Britain and could be the builders of Sea Henge?
19:58Matt Knight believes an ancient skeleton holds the key to unlocking this mystery.
20:05Archaeologists excavated the grave of a young woman buried at Soresdale on the west coast of Scotland.
20:11And she was buried with a very small, ornately decorated pot.
20:17The style of the pot suggests to us that she is one of the beaker people.
20:23Radiocarbon dating of the skeleton shows she dates back to 2470 BC, 400 years before Sea Henge is built.
20:33She is proof the beaker people are in Britain in time to build Sea Henge.
20:40Is there more evidence they build it?
20:43Matt believes the answer lies with the technology used to fell the timber and construct the magnificent wood circle.
20:52This is a period where we see the first metal objects being produced.
20:56We start off with copper daggers and copper axes, and over time that transforms and is alloyed with tin to
21:05make bronze styles of axes.
21:07By the time Sea Henge is built, bronze tools are spreading across the country.
21:13Matt believes the beaker people are responsible.
21:16They come to Britain for copper and tin to make bronze.
21:21Metal would have been a key part of why people moved.
21:25This is the first metal age of Britain.
21:30The beaker people make their way across Europe and arrive in Britain by 2500 BC.
21:42They are skilled metal workers and bring their bronze making technology with them.
21:54Here they mine and smelt British copper and tin to make their bronze.
21:59This marks the beginning of the British Bronze Age.
22:04They forge bronze tools that are sharper and stronger than any used in Britain before.
22:15This period where bronze becomes adopted is around the time that Sea Henge was being built.
22:22And we can link all these different ideas relating to metalworking, pottery and monument building.
22:28The beaker people introduce bronze technology to Britain and build magnificent monuments.
22:35They set about constructing Sea Henge and the second timber circle.
22:40And they travel inland to erect 20-ton sarsen boulders, adding a third circle to Britain's iconic Stonehenge.
22:50They add the finishing touches to the colossal Avebury Stone Circle and build thousands of settlements across Britain's rolling landscape.
23:01How do the revolutionary bronze-wielding beaker people bring about such dramatic change to Britain?
23:09Studying the DNA of 400 European skeletons from before and after the beaker people arrive, Matt discovers something astonishing.
23:19The DNA was particularly remarkable in showing this 90% turnover in genetic material over the course of 1,000
23:26years.
23:27Incredibly, within just 1,000 years of the first beaker people arriving in Britain, they make up 90% of
23:35the entire population.
23:37Is this evidence that the beaker people violently overthrow the indigenous inhabitants of Britain?
23:44Matt believes the long transition period of 1,000 years shows a different, more surprising story.
23:51We suspect that over the course of 1,000 years, you get this integration of communities into marriage of people.
23:59And that slowly produces the genetic makeup.
24:03Matt's research shows that these new people are not a threat to the indigenous communities, but instead are a welcome
24:10addition.
24:144,500 years ago, the beaker people migrate to Britain and mix with the indigenous people.
24:22They integrate with them, forming a new British culture, and build monuments to celebrate the dead.
24:29Can their bronze tools tell us more secrets of Sea Henge?
24:33What can discoveries on its timbers reveal about life in these prehistoric times?
24:47Sea Henge is a mysterious 4,000-year-old structure found on the English coast.
24:55Archaeologists discover it is built by the migrants who bring bronze to Britain.
25:00Can clues found at Sea Henge reveal more about these pioneering people and how they live?
25:11When archaeologists extract the ancient timbers, they make a remarkable discovery.
25:18At the base, where the logs are best preserved, they find dozens of scars in the wood,
25:24the marks of bronze tools, most likely the axes the builders use to fell the trees.
25:35Other timbers carry shaving marks where branches and twigs have been stripped.
25:40These incredible ancient records etched into the wood reveal remarkable evidence about Bronze Age people and how they live.
25:54Archaeologist and ancient wood specialist Maisie Taylor is conducting a forensic analysis of the Sea Henge timbers.
26:03To examine the axe markings in the microscopic detail she needs, Maisie uses ultra-high-resolution 3D scans.
26:12At this point here, an axe has completely bitten in and stuck and they've had to pull it out.
26:18We've got the whole shape of the axe and the complete width as well.
26:24That is the precise shape of the axe.
26:28But when Maisie inspects another Sea Henge timber, she discovers different axe markings.
26:34When we look at the axe marks on here, they look quite different.
26:39They're definitely wider, flatter, so whoever cut this down was using a different axe.
26:48Maisie believes that by studying the variation of axe marks on the timbers, she can calculate the size of the
26:56workforce involved in the construction of Sea Henge.
27:00I've got a bronze-bladed tool.
27:04One of the things that isn't so clear is blemishes on the edge of the blade.
27:10And so when the axe bites in, it will leave the pattern of the blemishes.
27:17The blemishes create a unique fingerprint for each axe used in the construction of Sea Henge.
27:24Maisie uses this information to count the total number of axes.
27:29There has to be at least 50 different axes.
27:33And so you've got at least 50, 50-plus people just working on the trees and the timbers.
27:42This realization uproots historical assumptions about Bronze Age communities.
27:48Far from being primitive tribes, the builders of Sea Henge are in fact a highly organized and skilled society.
27:57Somebody has decided what they're going to build, rounded up the people who've got the right skills and got them
28:07all working and ending up with a carefully worked out structure.
28:14But with Sea Henge surrounded by two miles of flat sands and dunes, where do the Beaker people source the
28:21wood?
28:24Analysis of the timber reveals Sea Henge is built from solid oak.
28:31It's absolutely clear that the wood could not have been growing immediately alongside where the monument was made.
28:39Because they're healthy young oak trees and they don't grow in water and they certainly don't grow on the edge
28:47of the tide.
28:47The oak must come from inland. How do they transport tons of timber to this coastal site?
28:57Maisie turns her attention to the 3D scans of the upturned tree trunk.
29:02You can see two holes cut really quite precisely on either side.
29:09But close examination of the holes reveals something extraordinary.
29:13There are still traces of where the rope went through.
29:18And Maisie suspects these holes and rope markings could reveal how they position this two-ton tree trunk.
29:27It was obvious that there was still rope in place.
29:31Scientific tests reveal the rope is made from honeysuckle, a plant commonly growing in woodland.
29:39Honeysuckle grows by winding itself around anything it can get hold of, including itself, and they exploited that to make
29:47very strong rope.
29:51But how do the builders of Sea Henge move a two-ton tree trunk using just strands of honeysuckle?
29:58Well, the rope originally would have encircled the trunk.
30:03Presumably when they were towing it, the rope trailed up and they were still attached through the holes.
30:11Proving once overall that these holes were used for towing.
30:19First, workers cut down trees and uproot one large oak stump.
30:30They drill holes into the stump and attach ropes made from honeysuckle.
30:42Then they haul the timber through the woodland, to where they build their magnificent monument for the dead.
30:52Here they dig a hole and a circular trench, so they can install the central altar and the timber fence
30:59around it.
31:02But one mystery remains unsolved.
31:05Why bring all the materials to this site rather than building near the woodland?
31:11With the discovery of over 1,000 prehistoric circular formations across Britain's landscape,
31:19why are the Sea Henge circles the only ones found by the sea?
31:344,000 years ago, not long after Stonehenge is built,
31:38two more strange prehistoric monuments rise up on the English coastline.
31:44Sea Henge and a second timber circle.
31:48But why do the Bronze Age people build these monuments here on this remote beach?
31:57David Robertson believes the clues lie in the sand around Sea Henge.
32:02The sand that's in my hand at the moment, that's the modern beach deposit.
32:07But these weren't here when Sea Henge was built in the Bronze Age.
32:12What does this beach look like back then?
32:15Not far away, there are sediments just like those that Sea Henge was built within.
32:23Three feet beneath the sand lies a completely different sediment.
32:28In parts of the beach, this sediment is visible today.
32:32If I just scrape off a little bit of the glaze and silts, run them through my hand,
32:38you can see how soft and sticky they are all over my fingers.
32:43And if I pick up some of the sand that's on the beach, lays around,
32:49you can see how different the two are.
32:54The ancient clays are formed from very fine particles,
32:58unlike the larger grains of modern beach sand.
33:01We know from the Sea Henge excavations and from work on the second circle,
33:06that both structures were built in the environment that the silts and the clays were laid down in.
33:14Both timber circles are built in these sticky grey clays and silts.
33:22David surveys the coast to look for a modern equivalent.
33:27If he can find the matching soil, it will reveal the original environment the timber circles are built in.
33:34I'm just having a very gentle scrape around in these modern salt marsh deposits.
33:39Having a look at the colour, having a look at the consistency.
33:44David compares the sediment from this modern salt marsh to the clay and silt samples from Sea Henge.
33:52Although you can see the colours are slightly different, the modern salt marsh sediment is slightly darker.
33:58There is a lot of similarity in consistency. Both are silts and clays. Both are very, very sticky.
34:05From this sticky soil, David can deduce that Sea Henge is built in a salt marsh.
34:12I believe this is just like the environment in which the two circles were constructed.
34:18A surprising discovery just yards from Sea Henge makes it possible to piece together this ancient environment.
34:29When archaeologists extract the timbers of Sea Henge, they find an antler buried in the peat, dating to the same
34:37period as Sea Henge.
34:39It comes from a red deer. A clue this area is not always a beach.
34:49This unexpected discovery lets scientists paint a clear picture of the prehistoric landscape around Sea Henge.
34:58In its prime, the wood circle sits in a grassy marshland, teeming with life, miles away from the sea.
35:07Why is this landscape so different from today?
35:15At some point in the past, potentially in the Iron Age or maybe later, the sea engulfed this area.
35:23Over thousands of years, the North Sea inundates the region, destroying the timber circles and burying them beneath the sand.
35:32But how do the remnants survive to be discovered?
35:38As plants growing in the marshland die, they decompose into a thick layer of peat that builds up around Sea
35:46Henge.
35:50When a protective sand dune moves inland, it exposes Sea Henge to the ocean.
36:01Now the tide submerges Sea Henge twice a day, and its timber begins to decay.
36:12But sealed in the waterlogged peat, the bases survive, to be discovered 4,000 years later.
36:23Without the peat beds, Sea Henge and the Second Circle wouldn't have survived.
36:29Over 4,000 years, the sea, peat and environment all work in perfect harmony to preserve the two timber circles
36:39for us today.
36:41Why do the people choose this remote, seemingly uninhabitable marshy location for their great monument?
36:49Can an ancient settlement 40 miles away reveal clues?
37:04On the eastern coast of England, investigations at Sea Henge reveal a tribe of people from Europe who bring bronze
37:14to Britain.
37:16Why do they build their monumental timber circle in this netherworld between land and sea?
37:26Francis Pryor believes a Bronze Age settlement discovered in a vast marshy basin 40 miles from Sea Henge could hold
37:34clues.
37:37The fen basin is very low-lying land. It covers about a million acres, which used to flood from the
37:45sea.
37:46It's identical to the original environment around Sea Henge.
37:51Here, Francis discovers a surprising structure beneath the mud.
37:55This, then, is the Bronze Age causeway, constructed from about 1300 BC.
38:04700 years after Sea Henge, people here construct this colossal wooden causeway on the edge of the Fen Basin,
38:12in an area known today as Flag Fen.
38:17It stretches almost a mile through dense marshland, connecting two Bronze Age settlements.
38:25We estimate that there are about 60,000 timbers in the Flag Fen causeway.
38:33So it was a major engineering undertaking.
38:37This community uses the same building techniques for their causeway as the builders of the sacred timber circles,
38:45working in great teams to build the enormous structures.
38:49But unlike Sea Henge on the coast, this sheltered basin is littered with hundreds of extra clues.
38:57Francis' team finds hundreds of bronze artifacts alongside the causeway.
39:03The causeway, like a modern road, was used for carrying goods.
39:09We actually found a wheel and we found pieces of axles.
39:13So, society is getting very technologically savvy at this point.
39:19Discoveries here reveal the huge efforts Bronze Age people make to settle marshy wetlands.
39:26But why are they so determined to live and bury their dead here?
39:31Francis believes the people are fascinated by water.
39:36Every day we look at a mirror, but in the Bronze Age people didn't have mirrors.
39:41So they didn't know what their faces looked like unless they looked down into water.
39:48But you pass below the water and you drown.
39:53It's the world of death. It's the world of the ancestors.
39:59Just like the people at Flagfen, the people of Sea Henge are drawn to water.
40:05What can this ancient fascination tell us about Sea Henge?
40:11You get a similar feeling at Sea Henge where the tree is placed upside down.
40:17And it's going down into the world below the surface.
40:24They also had a vision of the afterlife being below the ground, below water.
40:31Francis' investigations reveal that people of the Bronze Age have a deep spiritual connection with the afterlife.
40:38And the monuments they build form a direct link from their world to the spiritual world.
40:45And that's why sites like Flagfen and Sea Henge were so important to people.
40:52Because those sites gave structure and meaning to their lives.
41:024500 years ago, a sophisticated people migrate to Britain and kickstart the British Bronze Age.
41:11They build two colossal timber circles to commemorate their dead.
41:17Over time, these people thrive in Britain.
41:22These unique timber circles finally reveal secrets that revolutionize our understanding of the Bronze Age and the people who make
41:32it possible.
41:32And the plotted
42:02We'll be back.
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