00:01smile and learn I feel like we've been here before smiley I'm sure we saw this
00:13tree earlier impossible I'm following this map perfectly let's see if the
00:22mountain is over here and the river is over there then we have to go this way
00:32we can't go that way unless you learn to fly and didn't tell me I have an idea we
00:42can use the strategies of real explorers to find our way let's take a look at
00:48them cardinal directions before we discover ways to orient ourselves first
00:57we must learn the cardinal directions the cardinal directions are the four main
01:04directions we use to orient ourselves on earth north south east and west did you
01:18know that orient means east and occident means west north points toward the
01:27planets north pole south toward the opposite side east is where the Sun rises
01:36and west is where it says all maps are organized in the same way the compass rose
01:49always serves as a reminder of the cardinal directions on maps now imagine that we
01:57draw two imaginary lines through the middle of the planet one horizontal and one vertical the horizontal
02:06line is called the equator everything above it is the northern hemisphere and everything below it is the
02:16southern hemisphere the vertical line is the Greenwich meridian to its left is the
02:25west and to its right is the east it's time to explore the different ways to
02:37orient ourselves in space among them are the Sun the stars vegetation and a
02:46compass the Sun the Sun is a great ally for orienting ourselves during the day as we
02:58mentioned before the Sun always rises in the east and sets in the west but its exact point changes
03:08throughout the year by looking at the position of the Sun or the direction of our shadow we can
03:15deduce where we are and where to go the stars at night the stars used to guide ancient sailors
03:29their path across the sky is constant making them an excellent reference point but be careful what we
03:40see in the sky depends on where we are in the world in the northern hemisphere look for the big
03:47dipper it looks like a ladle using the two stars on the edge draw an invisible line to find the
03:54north star
03:56which always points north in the southern hemisphere look for the southern cross it's like a giant kite the long
04:08arm of the cross points south vegetation nature can also give us clues to help us orient ourselves but not
04:20all of
04:21them work everywhere for example in the northern hemisphere moss usually grows on the north side of trees because the
04:32south
04:32side is more exposed to Sun this leaves the north side cooler and more humid which moss loves in contrast
04:42in the southern
04:43hemisphere the opposite is true moss grows on the south side of trees as the north side is more exposed
04:52to the Sun
04:54but be careful there are other environmental factors that can influence moss growth so use this technique along with others
05:02to make sure you're right
05:05a compass a compass is a tool with a magnetized needle that aligns with the Earth's magnetic field it always
05:18points north once we know where north is we can easily locate south east and west
05:30east it's the most accurate and fastest method that professional explorers use
05:37today we have learned different ways to orient ourselves use them on your next adventure see you soon
05:50we've learned so much in just one video did you know there are many more videos imagine how much you
05:58could learn subscribe to the smile and learn educational channel to learn and have fun at the same time
