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00:08For more than a hundred years, steam trains drove Britain.
00:13They carried freight from mines and quarries,
00:16and people between cities, towns and villages.
00:26Then, after World War II, branch lines were closed and steam phased out.
00:33Some people refused to accept it.
00:35They joined together to rescue old steam engines
00:38and relay some of the redundant tracks.
00:44We had scythes and billhooks, shovels and rakes,
00:49and we just slashed at anything that was in the way.
00:57I had a couple of flatmates, and they went up.
01:00And when they came back, they said,
01:01Oh, it was awful, you meant to stay in this hut.
01:03In the middle of nowhere, under the mountains,
01:05I thought, hut, mountains? Yes, please!
01:11And some of these intrepid volunteers even filmed their exploits.
01:17I started taking films to record the disappearing scene,
01:20that obviously, if you didn't take a film of it,
01:22it wouldn't be there next week.
01:25As word of their work spread,
01:27they helped millions of people reconnect with a lost world
01:30that had once touched everyone's life.
01:34This is the story of how they did it,
01:36how this motley band of railway visionaries
01:39gave Britain its second golden age of steam.
02:05It's mid-July in Tawin, North Wales,
02:07home to the Talyllyn Railway,
02:09the world's first railway owned and run by volunteers.
02:17There is your ticket.
02:18That's the adult, and that's your two children.
02:21Thank you very much. Thank you.
02:25It's going to be busy,
02:26and a mile up the line at Pendry,
02:28the three engines rostered for the day
02:30are being prepared by some of those volunteers,
02:33including trainee fireman Holly Parrott.
02:36It's the fireman's job to make sure
02:38the engine has enough coal and water
02:40and keep it clean.
02:42Get up early in the morning
02:44and we start by cleaning the engine from the previous day,
02:46removing all the dirt, all the grass seeds,
02:48all the old oil,
02:49making it nice and clean for our visitors for today
02:51and our passengers.
02:54During the week, Holly works in banking.
02:57Volunteering on the Talyllyn is her holiday.
03:00Could go abroad,
03:01but you just sit on the beach and do nothing.
03:03I'm achieving something.
03:04I'm learning.
03:05I'm having a great time with great people.
03:08It's the rawness of it, the back to basics.
03:10Although it's quite technical on how it works,
03:13it's been going for hundreds of years,
03:16over a hundred years,
03:17and it's still done on the same principle.
03:20And, yeah, British engineering at its best, really.
03:29They've got a life of their own.
03:32They're rather like an animal
03:34because you've got to do what they want you to do.
03:37You can't just go.
03:39She has a challenge every day.
03:44Charlie Daniel has been around a bit longer than Holly.
03:48I first came here, I think, in 1955
03:52and started to work here then.
03:55And I've been here fairly regularly, you know,
03:59as ever since.
04:01And I was a fireman in 1958
04:04when I was only just about 14.
04:17These days, there are hundreds of volunteers on the Tarachlin,
04:20but when Charlie first got involved,
04:22there were just a few.
04:23What fired their imagination
04:25was a passion to save something
04:27that they saw disappearing.
04:30The world of the narrow-gauge steam railway.
04:36When we think of railways today,
04:37we think of the big passenger trains
04:40that run on tracks four feet, eight and a half inches apart.
04:43They're known as standard gauge.
04:46But the tracks on the Tarachlin
04:47are less than half the width of the standard gauge.
04:50It's called a narrow-gauge railway.
04:57There used to be narrow-gauge railways
04:59working in industries right across Britain.
05:03The Tarachlin was built in the middle of the 19th century
05:06to serve one of the hundreds of slate quarries
05:08that once covered these remote hills in North Wales.
05:20The North Wales Slate Quarries
05:22basically put a roof on the world.
05:25It was an industry not of local proportions,
05:28but of global proportions.
05:31Each of them had internal railway systems,
05:35sprawling, labyrinthine networks of narrow-gauge railways,
05:39with scores of little engines
05:42and thousands of wagons at work,
05:45day and night,
05:46taking out the quarried slate.
05:48They each had a narrow-gauge railway
05:51which ran to the local port
05:54where the slate was exported in ships.
05:59One or two steam enthusiasts
06:01managed to capture the vast scale of these quarries
06:04and their railways on film.
06:09We booked up first and had a guided tour.
06:13We made a mistake there
06:14because we later found out
06:15everybody else went over the fence
06:17and could stay there all day.
06:18We got rushed round the quarry
06:20by a guide who wanted to go home for his tea.
06:23So that was a bit of a disadvantage.
06:25We did have the advantage, though,
06:27that he took us places
06:27you wouldn't have been able to go
06:29and we actually went up
06:30one of the long rope-worked inclines
06:32on a man-riding car,
06:34which was quite impressive.
06:36Right up the top,
06:37you could look down into the quarry
06:39where it was so deep
06:40and the people were just like little tiny pins.
06:44And you could see these little tiny trains moving about.
06:56As well as slate,
06:57a few of these narrow-gauge railways
06:59in North Wales carried passengers.
07:02The Talychlin was one of them.
07:05It was built to serve a small quarry called Brindlass.
07:10The line ran from a wharf at Tauin on the coast.
07:22It climbed for almost eight miles
07:24through delightful countryside
07:26that included a waterfall at Dolgoc.
07:36There was a passenger terminus
07:38at the village of Aberganolwyn
07:40and the quarry was a mile further up the line.
07:45During the early years of the 20th century,
07:47output declined
07:48and by the 1940s,
07:50there was hardly any slate being brought down at all.
07:55After the First World War,
07:58slate quarrying throughout Wales
07:59went into decline,
08:01serious decline in some cases.
08:03But the passenger services
08:05on the Talychlin railway carried on.
08:07They served only a very thinly populated valley
08:10and small farming communities
08:12and what was left of the slate quarrying trade,
08:14which didn't add up to much.
08:17Both the line and Brindlass quarry
08:19had been bought by the local MP,
08:21Sir Henry Hayden Jones.
08:24When he finally closed the quarry in 1947,
08:28he kept the railway running.
08:30But with lack of investment,
08:32it quickly began to deteriorate.
08:43Then, Tom Rolt,
08:45a man already well known for his campaign
08:48to rescue Britain's canals
08:49and an avid steam enthusiast,
08:52paid it a visit.
08:53One of the things that he found
08:55when he got to Wharf Station
08:56was a sign saying,
08:57no trains today.
08:58So he wasn't able to actually go up the line by train.
09:03But he did something which he regarded
09:04as actually more useful for later purposes,
09:07which is that he actually ended up walking up the line.
09:16And he walked up the line
09:17and said that he'd never seen
09:19an apparently working railway
09:21in such appalling condition.
09:23It was more like walking up a country lane.
09:30And so he wrote a letter to the Birmingham Post
09:33and he said,
09:34there's this lovely little railway in Wales.
09:38It's held together on a shoestring
09:41and we are going to lose it.
09:43Does anybody else feel like helping out
09:45and saving it?
09:49A meeting was held at a hotel in Birmingham
09:52and it was packed out.
09:54And everybody turned up and said,
09:56yes, we would like to get involved
09:58in saving this little railway.
10:02Tom Rolt chose his venue well.
10:05North Wales was a popular holiday destination
10:07for people from the Birmingham area.
10:10The outcome of that meeting was momentous.
10:13Rolt and the others formed
10:15the Talichlin Railway Preservation Society
10:17with a committee of 15.
10:20When in 1950, Sir Henry Hayden Jones died,
10:23they resolved with his widow
10:25to save the Talichlin.
10:27For the first time anywhere in the world,
10:30a band of volunteers planned
10:31to run a passenger railway.
10:42Tom Rolt's view of the Talichlin
10:43was shaped by what was happening
10:45in post-war Britain.
10:47In 1948, the Labour government
10:49had nationalised the railways
10:51and Rolt saw the Talichlin
10:53as an alternative to what he believed
10:55to be increasing state control.
10:58There was this idea, in a way,
11:00that this was a small enclave
11:02from which to perhaps build and defend
11:06and take on this grey, uniform,
11:09state-driven world outside.
11:12Most of the people involved
11:14came very much from middle-class
11:16professional backgrounds.
11:17I think one could call them
11:19probably highly conservative people
11:21in many ways.
11:22They were very much people
11:24who disapproved, I think,
11:25of nationalisation of railways.
11:27They saw this as producing
11:29a sort of grey uniformity.
11:31And I think they disapproved
11:32of much of the post-war world,
11:34internationalisation, the welfare state,
11:36greater equality.
11:37Although, much later on,
11:39the Talichlin Railway was described
11:41as a workers' cooperative.
11:43These were extremely conservative workers,
11:46to put it mildly.
11:48Whatever their politics,
11:50they planned to open the railway
11:52in spring 1951.
11:54But they were desperately short
11:56of hands-on volunteers.
11:58One of the first to respond
12:00was a 22-year-old civil engineer,
12:03John Bate.
12:08I had a week's holiday spare,
12:10because I was working up
12:12at Sellafield, a nuclear plant,
12:14and they had a shutdown week,
12:15so I had to go somewhere
12:17and came here.
12:18And I enjoyed myself so much,
12:20and I found that there was
12:21so much that needed doing,
12:23and so few people
12:24with any engineering knowledge,
12:26that I became part
12:28of the furniture, as it were.
12:31John first came here
12:33in July 1951,
12:35and he's been here
12:36off and on ever since,
12:38including 31 years
12:39as chief engineer.
12:41Right from the beginning,
12:43he kept a diary of his work.
12:46Telleth Lynn,
12:47Diary of Week.
12:4928, 7.51,
12:51Saturday.
12:51Met Mr Rolt.
12:53Started work with
12:54Maguire and Jeff.
12:56Replaced two sleepers
12:57200 yards north
12:58of Tawin Pendry Station.
12:59Worked 2 to 5.30pm.
13:01It's all there.
13:06Monday.
13:07Bought a spirit level.
13:09They hadn't got a level.
13:11The track was all over the place.
13:20The track might have been
13:22all over the place,
13:23but it didn't stop
13:24the volunteers from opening
13:25the world's first
13:26preserved railway
13:28on schedule
13:29on May the 14th, 1951.
13:41The track was buried
13:44in the grass.
13:45There were sleepers
13:46here and there,
13:47but really it was the turf
13:49that kept the rails in place.
13:51And the joints were terrible.
13:54Some rails were completely
13:56free at the joints
13:57and could wander up and down.
14:09The carriages were not too bad,
14:11but the only locomotive
14:13was Dolgokh,
14:13and it was in,
14:15say, an advanced state
14:16of disrepair.
14:23When the inspector
14:25looked at the railway
14:26in 1952,
14:28he said,
14:28well, if it wasn't open,
14:30I wouldn't allow it to open,
14:31but as it's still running,
14:33I suppose it had better carry on.
14:35It was in such
14:36an appalling condition.
14:39When David Mitchell
14:40joined as a volunteer
14:41in the 1950s,
14:43he was just 14 years old.
14:46First of all,
14:47they tended to come
14:48on the working parties,
14:49which were mainly in winter,
14:51and at Easter particularly,
14:53we would spend our time
14:54digging ballast in the quarry.
14:57Then we'd come down
14:58after school on Friday night.
15:00I don't quite remember
15:01when I did my homework.
15:03Probably didn't.
15:13In 1953,
15:15a serious amateur filmmaker,
15:17an American called
15:18Carson Davidson,
15:19turned up
15:20and wanted to make a film
15:22of the Tallahassee Railway.
15:29It's a remarkable record
15:31of the railway
15:32as it was in 1953.
15:35He was on one train
15:37and where the loco
15:39actually derailed.
15:43After all those years
15:44of Welsh weather,
15:45cross ties decay,
15:46spikes get looser,
15:48rails spread dangerously,
15:50finally a wheel
15:51jumps the tracks,
15:52and then...
15:58It's the only bit
15:59of the film
15:59that isn't properly exposed
16:00because he was obviously
16:01just looking out
16:02when it happened
16:03and grabbed the camera
16:04and took it.
16:06Derailed.
16:09A long, exhilarating
16:10mountain walk ahead.
16:13The gauge is supposed
16:14to be 2 feet 3 inches.
16:16When it isn't,
16:17there's almost always trouble.
16:20He was wandering around shooting
16:22and if he saw something interesting,
16:25he shot it.
16:26Perhaps as much as you're doing now.
16:34I appeared in it
16:36one or two places
16:38doing some wagon repairs.
16:40That's John controlling the points.
16:44They were putting wheels
16:45under some open carriage bodies
16:47that had come from
16:48the Penryn Quarry Railway.
16:50John is seen there
16:52taking the axle boxes
16:53off a slate wagon
16:54and, again,
16:56a lovely bit of phraseology.
16:59They also serve
17:01who only stand
17:01and bash things
17:02with a sledgehammer.
17:04It's just charming.
17:06I can't think of a better word
17:07to sum it up.
17:10It's something that shows
17:12the early days
17:13of railway preservation,
17:14the enthusiasm there.
17:19This, then,
17:20is the Talley Lynn Railway
17:22and its preservation society.
17:23Men who have found a challenge
17:25and take a special sort of joy
17:27in answering it.
17:28They found a railway
17:30which was crumbling slowly
17:31into dust
17:32and made it come alive again.
17:34And it may just be
17:36that another generation
17:37will thank them
17:38for preserving the Talley Lynn.
17:44People did thank them
17:45and turned up in droves.
17:47What the new railway offered
17:49was the opportunity
17:50for those with modest means
17:51to get really involved
17:53with steam.
17:54The only place
17:55to do that before 1951
17:57had been the garden
17:58if you were very rich
17:59or in a club.
18:11Max Sinclair was typical.
18:13He got his fix of steam
18:15by being secretary
18:16of his local
18:17model engineers society.
18:19In the 1950s,
18:20most cities had
18:21a model railway club
18:22open to anyone
18:23who could afford
18:24the modest membership fee.
18:26People would take
18:27along engines
18:27they had built
18:28or just go to the open days
18:30for the thrill
18:30of a ride
18:31on a miniature steam engine.
18:36In 1955,
18:38Max filmed
18:39the opening of his club
18:40in Diglis Park
18:41in Worcester.
18:43Having completed
18:44the construction,
18:45we decided to
18:46have an open day
18:48and we invited
18:49the mayor,
18:49Rosa Ratcliffe,
18:50to come along.
18:52She was a jolly sort
18:53and she made
18:56all the little speeches
18:58and the next thing
18:59she lifted her leg
19:01and jumped on the train.
19:02We were amazed.
19:03So we took her
19:05round the track.
19:13I think from childhood
19:15I'd been a railway nutter.
19:18I think it must be
19:19the thing that switches
19:20on all steam enthusiasts.
19:23You take an inert thing
19:24like water
19:25and you make a train
19:28go at 120 miles an hour.
19:35Max's chance
19:36to get involved
19:37with bigger railways
19:38began with a visit
19:39to another steam
19:40and home movie enthusiast.
19:42His GP,
19:44Brian Rogers.
19:46I went to see him
19:48because I had
19:48some problems
19:49with my wrist
19:51and he said,
19:52what are you doing
19:53next weekend?
19:54I said,
19:55well,
19:55I'm putting a model railway
19:56around my garden.
19:57He said,
19:58oh no,
19:58you're not.
19:59You're coming
20:00to Festinniog with us.
20:07The Festinniog railway
20:09in the mountains
20:10of Snowdonia
20:10in North Wales
20:11was 40 miles north
20:13of the Talith Lynn.
20:15It was the world's
20:17first narrow-gauge steam railway.
20:20It ran for 22 miles
20:22from the harbour
20:22at Port Maddoch,
20:23climbing 700 feet
20:25to the town
20:25of Blynau Festinniog.
20:35Like the Talith Lynn,
20:36it carried passengers
20:37as well as Slate.
20:38But numbers fell
20:40in the 30s.
20:47Passenger traffic
20:48ended in 1939
20:50and after a long
20:51and slow decline,
20:53the railway closed
20:54in 1946.
21:01For almost eight years,
21:03nothing much happened
21:04until volunteers
21:05reopened it
21:06in 1954.
21:08Max and Dr Rogers
21:10were amongst
21:11the first enthusiasts.
21:12They found
21:14the railway abandoned.
21:15They left their tools,
21:17their overalls,
21:18everything hanging up
21:20in the workshops,
21:21the job they were
21:22working on,
21:23locomotives stored
21:24outside in the rain.
21:26And then, of course,
21:27the growth started,
21:29brambles,
21:30grass,
21:31and it was
21:32an invisible green railway
21:35when we started.
21:37Their films
21:38and photographs
21:39captured the state
21:40of dereliction
21:41on the line
21:42and the spirit
21:43of the voluntary effort.
21:45That was
21:46our first World War
21:48locomotive
21:49called a simplex.
21:50They were used
21:51in the trenches
21:52for moving ammunition.
21:53Of course,
21:54at the end of the war,
21:55most of them
21:55were scrapped,
21:56but one or two survived
21:58and we managed
22:00to acquire one
22:00for the railway.
22:01And it was able
22:04to play an important job
22:05before we could get
22:06steam engines working.
22:08We were a work party
22:10there,
22:10getting the station
22:11into some sort of order.
22:13We planned to sleep
22:14inside the ticket office
22:16and waiting room,
22:17but when we lit
22:18the fire in there,
22:19the moisture
22:20started coming out
22:21of the walls
22:22and soon it was
22:23like a thick fog.
22:26And Mrs. Jones
22:26and Mr. Jones,
22:27the station master
22:29who had been there,
22:30they were still living
22:31in the house.
22:32They came round
22:33to see us
22:33and were absolutely
22:35horrified.
22:36They said,
22:36no way can you
22:37sleep in there.
22:38You can come through
22:39and sleep in our lounge,
22:42which we did
22:43and we were all
22:44curled up in our
22:45sleeping bags in rows
22:46like sardines.
22:50The basic living
22:51appealed to volunteers
22:52of all ages.
22:54I read an article
22:55in a railway magazine
22:58saying they needed
22:59volunteers
23:00and with two other
23:01school friends,
23:02we were by then 14,
23:04we decided to come
23:05and work on the railway
23:06and we came up to Wales
23:08for two weeks
23:08and worked on the railway
23:09and I've been hooked
23:10on this railway ever since.
23:14It seemed just like
23:15the Talith Lynn,
23:16a derelict,
23:17decrepit railway
23:18and a band of volunteers
23:19ready to bring it
23:20back to life.
23:21But there were differences.
23:26Well, the Festinioch
23:27had a very different
23:28sort of structure
23:30from the Talith Lynn,
23:31primarily because
23:33there was a Festinioch
23:34railway company
23:36and a society
23:38which involved
23:39voluntary enthusiasts
23:41and there was
23:42a fair amount
23:43of conflict
23:43between those
23:45running the company
23:46who would issue
23:47orders from a distance
23:48and some of the volunteers.
23:51In 1955,
23:54Alan Garroway
23:55became the full-time
23:56paid manager
23:57employed by the company.
23:59That's Alan
24:00driving the simplex.
24:02My father was a railwayman
24:04at Cambridge
24:06and I used to go around
24:07with Dad
24:09to the various depots
24:11that he was in charge of.
24:14I had got this
24:15in my blood
24:16and it just grew with me.
24:20Alan had been a professional
24:22railwayman in the army
24:23and on British rail.
24:25He had a very distinct perspective.
24:28he did not approve
24:29of rail enthusiasts.
24:31He said,
24:32we are enthusiastic railwaymen,
24:35not rail enthusiasts.
24:38He ran a tight ship
24:40and expected those
24:41who were involved
24:42to get on and work
24:43and wasn't interested
24:45in time wasters.
24:46So he said to us
24:48as 14-year-olds,
24:49be here at 9 o'clock
24:51in the morning
24:51and, you know,
24:54and that's what he expect.
24:55If we were late,
24:56he basically said,
24:57don't bother to come.
25:00I think people
25:02used to think me
25:03a bit of a hard tar shmalker
25:05and I was
25:07because I believed
25:09that if a job
25:10got to be done,
25:12it had got to be done properly
25:15and I wasn't going
25:16to have people
25:17coming along
25:17and running my engines
25:20and just any old how.
25:25We started off
25:27in 1955
25:29with Prince,
25:31two coaches
25:31running across
25:33shuttle service
25:33across the Cobb
25:34at Port Maddock.
25:36Then in 1956
25:37we got it
25:38running two miles
25:40to Minforth.
25:41In 1957
25:42we got three miles
25:44to Penryn.
25:46It got more
25:47and more successful.
25:48We had queues
25:49out of the booking office
25:51at Port Maddock
25:52every afternoon
25:54and this was
25:55our greatest trouble
25:56was to carry
25:57the people
25:58who wanted to travel
25:58on the railway.
26:04It was the same story
26:05here on the Talich Lin
26:06and in the summer
26:07of 1957
26:08the trouble
26:10was about to get worse.
26:11the BBC turned up.
26:17That's the first time
26:18I've ever had to fish
26:19for a microphone
26:19but surely this is
26:21the right place
26:21to do it
26:22alongside a lovely
26:23Welsh trout stream
26:24which comes tumbling
26:25down this gorge
26:27of Dalgork
26:28right in the very heart
26:29of the Welsh mountains.
26:31The corporation
26:32sent an outside broadcast
26:33unit and two of its
26:34biggest presenters
26:35Hugh Weldon
26:36and Winford Vaughan Thomas
26:38to present a programme
26:39live from the railway.
26:43The technology
26:45of the time
26:45of course
26:46was very primitive.
26:48The film in places
26:49isn't very good
26:50because obviously
26:50the reception
26:52came and went
26:54but 1957
26:55must have been
26:56quite early
26:57for outside broadcast
26:58particularly from
26:59somewhere in mid Wales.
27:02but luckily
27:03one of the members
27:04made a high quality
27:05colour film
27:06of the making
27:07of the outside broadcast.
27:09And there's one
27:10lovely bit
27:11where they'd taken
27:12the glass out
27:13of the spectacle plate
27:14of number four
27:15so Lord Northesque
27:16who was president
27:17could sort of
27:18hold on with his hand
27:19through where the glass
27:21would be
27:21in order to be interviewed
27:23looking backwards
27:24by Hugh Weldon.
27:26Tell me
27:27are you always
27:28department on this engine?
27:29Now I share the job
27:30with about six
27:31or seven other members
27:32who've been passed
27:33as firemen.
27:34You're a qualified fireman?
27:36Yes, you're a qualified fireman.
27:37We've learned the job.
27:41There is a sequence
27:43where they've got
27:43all these sheep
27:44at Aberganol
27:45which are clearly
27:46out of control.
27:48Lord Northesque
27:49could I have a word
27:50of you down here?
27:53Just come and join us
27:54a minute.
27:54There we are.
27:55I'll tell you one thing
27:56I wanted to ask you
27:57very much indeed.
27:58In a way
27:59those sheep
28:00are all over the place.
28:01In a way
28:02it's rather impertinent
28:04perhaps.
28:04What I want to know
28:05is how can you keep
28:06a society of this sort
28:08going
28:09when the basis
28:11must really be
28:12must be
28:13that everyone
28:13wants to be
28:14an engine driver.
28:15There's really a job
28:16for everyone
28:17on this little line.
28:19The technology
28:20might not have been great
28:21and the sheep
28:22and their mind
28:23is a distraction
28:23but the programme itself
28:25did wonders
28:26for the Taddechlin.
28:33After the programme
28:34our traffic
28:34virtually doubled
28:35overnight
28:36and panic
28:37I was phoned up
28:39at work
28:39down in the London area
28:40by our engineering
28:41director
28:42Bill Faulkner
28:43and he said
28:45we must build
28:46some more carriages
28:46quickly
28:47what can you do?
28:48So I sat down there
28:50and then I sketched
28:50out a design
28:51in the office
28:52went back to the digs
28:53in the evening
28:53and made a proper drawing
28:54sent it to Bill next day
28:56with a list of materials
28:57and about three weeks later
28:59the materials arrived
29:01and we started building it
29:02right there
29:02on the pit.
29:04While carriages
29:05were relatively easy
29:07to build
29:07finding steam engines
29:09to pull them
29:09was a major headache.
29:16as the popularity
29:17of both the Taddechlin
29:19and the Festiniog
29:20grew
29:20so did their need
29:22for more engines
29:23up until the 1940s
29:25industrial Britain
29:26had been awash
29:27with them
29:33passenger trains
29:34ferried people
29:35about the country
29:36but narrow gauge railways
29:37drove industry
29:38they had been everywhere
29:44it was the most
29:46cost effective
29:46and indeed
29:47the only way
29:48of moving
29:49bulk loads
29:50of raw materials
29:53they could go
29:54around hills
29:55over mountains
29:57through valleys
29:58and could be built
29:59fairly cheaply
30:01and fairly effectively
30:02in a short space
30:03of time
30:03serving quarries
30:05collieries
30:07small factories
30:08and taking
30:09produce
30:11down to the nearest
30:12ports of conveyance
30:20in the English Midlands
30:22they had been prolific
30:23helping dig out
30:24huge amounts
30:25of ironstone
30:25for the steel industry
30:34these little
30:35narrow gauge steam engines
30:36they were the life
30:38blood
30:38they were the
30:38beating heart
30:39of the ironstone
30:40industry
30:41without that
30:42you would not
30:43have been able
30:43to expand
30:45the quarries
30:45to the level
30:46of production
30:46which provided
30:48the income
30:49for huge towns
30:50like Corby
30:51or Kettering
30:56we went to
30:56the Kettering
30:57ironstone
30:58furnace railway
31:00it was a filthy day
31:01boring with rain
31:03but you got these
31:04trains
31:05appearing out
31:06of the mist
31:08there were two
31:08big engines
31:09working the main
31:10trains
31:10and a little
31:12tiny
31:12black Hawthorne
31:13saddle tank
31:14without a cab
31:15working the shunting
31:16and the chap on it
31:17got a mack on
31:18and he was getting
31:18drenched
31:20and he told us
31:21that none of them
31:22had cabs on
31:22originally
31:23but the company
31:25decided that
31:26the staff
31:26deserved protection
31:27and they put cabs on
31:28but the man
31:29who drove the
31:29little shunting
31:30engine at that
31:30time was a big
31:31he-man
31:32and wasn't having
31:32a sissy cab
31:33on his locomotive
31:34and he said
31:35the rest of us
31:36have cursed him
31:37ever since
31:41we filmed a train
31:42coming in
31:42from the iron ore
31:43fields
31:44they had a
31:45steel works
31:46there in the
31:46old days
31:47but as the
31:47industry declined
31:48the steel works
31:49had been demolished
31:50and removed
31:51and they just
31:51got tiplers
31:52where they
31:52tipped the iron
31:53ore into
31:53British railway
31:54wagons
31:54to go after
31:55places like
31:56Sconthorpe
32:03then
32:04in the 1950s
32:06after almost
32:06a hundred years
32:07working at the
32:08heart of industry
32:09steam began
32:10to disappear
32:12as roads got
32:13better
32:13and lorries
32:14became bigger
32:14and more efficient
32:15narrow gauge
32:16railways were
32:17phased out
32:18Britain was
32:19modernising
32:24factories
32:25quarries
32:26collieries
32:27and other
32:27industrial concerns
32:29that had
32:29private internal
32:30railway systems
32:31were closing
32:33them down
32:34because they
32:34found that
32:35road transport
32:36provided a more
32:37cost effective
32:38alternative
32:38as a result
32:40thousands
32:42of locomotives
32:44wagons
32:45and rolling stock
32:47became redundant
32:48most were cut up
32:50or scrapped
32:53they might have
32:54gone forever
32:54but for the efforts
32:55of two steam
32:56enthusiasts
32:56who in the early
32:571960s championed
32:59the cause
33:00of narrow gauge
33:01one was a rector
33:02from a parish
33:03in Leicestershire
33:04the other
33:05was one of the
33:06festiniog volunteers
33:08Max Sinclair
33:13I didn't like to see
33:15anything being destroyed
33:17and I felt that
33:19if somebody designed
33:20and built a beautiful
33:22locomotive
33:22I don't think we have
33:24a right to just
33:25chop it up
33:26and so
33:27when the opportunity
33:28came to
33:29save a railway engine
33:30I went wholeheartedly
33:33into the project
33:35his opportunity
33:37came in February
33:381959
33:40I found this
33:41little Kerr Stuart
33:42on a farm
33:44not very far
33:45from here
33:45so one Sunday
33:47morning I went out
33:48and found the farmer
33:50Mr Beard
33:51and asked him
33:52about his engine
33:53and he said
33:53oh we've got one
33:54somewhere
33:54but it's
33:55under that pile
33:57of older
33:58apple trees
33:59we've grubbed up
34:00I went round
34:01and couldn't believe it
34:02there was a
34:03mountain of timber
34:05eventually
34:06we found
34:07Brockhamin
34:08with its
34:09funnel off
34:10and the water tank off
34:12but we could see
34:13that it was
34:14it was a
34:15restorable engine
34:16and he said
34:17well
34:17if you promise
34:18to restore it
34:19and not break it up
34:20you can have it
34:21it was a Kerr Stuart Wren
34:23and
34:24with a friend
34:25we started restoring it
34:27trying to restore it
34:29we found
34:30we hadn't
34:31any spares
34:32Max needed
34:33to research
34:34railway archives
34:37going through
34:37the railway books
34:39we found people
34:40who got Kerr Stuart
34:41locos
34:42industrial companies
34:44and my wife
34:45and I
34:45would write
34:46to these people
34:49saying we were
34:50looking for spares
34:51for our engine
34:52and the responses
34:53came back
34:54well we haven't
34:54got many spares
34:55but we've got
34:56three locomotives
34:59discovering Brockhamin
35:00set Max off
35:01on a quest
35:02that led him
35:02to restoring
35:03no less
35:04than 13
35:05narrow gauge engines
35:06all of which
35:08he gave away
35:11one of the first
35:12he came across
35:13was another
35:14Kerr Stuart
35:14engine
35:15rusting away
35:16in a quarry
35:16in Devon
35:18it was called
35:19Peter Pan
35:23these days
35:24it's kept
35:24at the narrow gauge
35:25railway
35:26in Leyton
35:26Buzzard
35:27by its current
35:27owner
35:28Graham Morris
35:33it was built
35:351922
35:36they built a lot
35:37of these
35:37nearly 170
35:39of them
35:39that was unusual
35:40because
35:41in those days
35:42people used to go
35:43to a railway
35:44engine manufacturer
35:45and order an engine
35:46they were largely
35:46built specially
35:47one-offs
35:48these were built
35:49in bulk
35:50for stock
35:51it was also very small
35:53it was only about
35:53four tonnes
35:54and that was
35:55specifically to run
35:56on temporary railways
35:58Max
35:59he saved
36:00lots of these
36:01little engines
36:01and he never
36:03intended
36:04really any credit
36:05for it
36:06and he didn't
36:06intend to keep any
36:07in fact he didn't
36:08keep any
36:09all he wanted to do
36:10was to stop
36:11the scrap man
36:12getting them
36:12and having done so
36:13he'd then
36:13write letters
36:15to people he thought
36:16might like the engines
36:17to try and find
36:18good homes for them
36:22Max Sinclair
36:23might not have
36:24expected any credit
36:25for saving so many
36:26engines
36:26but Graham had
36:28other ideas
36:29in 2009
36:31together with others
36:32from Leighton Buzzard
36:33he presented a painting
36:34done by the renowned
36:35railway artist
36:36Jonathan Clay
36:37to Max
36:37it depicted seven
36:39of the 13 engines
36:40he had rescued
36:45there weren't many
36:46people in those days
36:47doing this sort of thing
36:48it was very rare
36:49times were changing fast
36:51people just wanted to
36:52get rid of all the old
36:52stuff
36:54nobody recognised
36:54its importance
36:56there were other folk
36:57but there weren't many
37:06one of the few
37:07who did recognise
37:08the importance
37:08of steam
37:09and the need
37:10to spread the gospel
37:11of narrow gauge engines
37:12was a home movie
37:13enthusiast
37:14and rector of Capey
37:16a small parish
37:17in Leicestershire
37:17the Reverend
37:18Teddy Boston
37:30he was plump
37:31jolly
37:32not your idea
37:34of a clergyman
37:35at all
37:37he was born
37:38in Solihull
37:38and he had
37:40a model rail
37:41in his bedroom
37:42that went up
37:42to the ceiling
37:43you know
37:44up and down again
37:45because his family
37:47were all into horses
37:48and this was
37:49complete opposite
37:50to horses
37:51and then
37:53they moved
37:54to Cambridge
37:54and he went
37:56to Cambridge
37:56University
37:57to Jesus College
37:58Cambridge
37:58and he formed
37:59the railway group
38:01there
38:01and he had
38:02a model railway
38:03in his own garden
38:04and so he pursued
38:05railways and steam
38:06whenever he could
38:21by the time
38:22Teddy Boston
38:22died in 1986
38:24his model railway
38:25had grown to be
38:26one of the biggest
38:27in the country
38:28today
38:29it's looked after
38:30by two of his friends
38:31Brian Gillespie
38:32and Peter Vernon
38:34okay send me
38:35your fruit nets
38:36Brian then
38:36can you please
38:39Brian remembers
38:40the moment
38:40in 1962
38:41when the Reverend
38:43Boston moved on
38:44from model railways
38:45to rescue a narrow gauge
38:47steam engine
38:47called Pixie
38:49Pixie is an 040
38:50Bagnall
38:52built in 1919
38:53for the War Department
38:54to go to the trenches
38:55but peace was declared
38:57and it never went
38:58it ended up
38:59at one of the iron oil
39:00companies at Cranford
39:01and then
39:01Teddy used to sit
39:03on various visits
39:03to his parents
39:04at Cambridge
39:07as in most of
39:08Britain's mines
39:09and quarries
39:09steam was being
39:10phased out
39:11Pixie was standing
39:13idle
39:15and he went
39:16and sort of
39:17knocked on the door
39:17his Pixie for sale
39:18and when they realised
39:19they wanted it
39:20to run it
39:20not to scrap it
39:21they said
39:22you can have it
39:27Teddy's plan
39:28was to run the engine
39:29round rails
39:30he would have to lay
39:31in the three quarter
39:32acre garden
39:33the rectory garden
39:38to buy a narrow gauge
39:40locomotive
39:40and put it in your garden
39:41was sort of
39:42unheard of
39:44and then
39:45we started
39:45laying track
39:47which
39:48half a day
39:49with
39:49a Jim Crow
39:51which is the item
39:51used to bend rail
39:53and a packing shovel
39:54which pushes
39:55the ballast
39:56under the sleep
39:56as you earn
39:57far more in that
39:58than reading
39:58all the manuals
40:00Teddy says
40:01let's see if we can
40:01get steam up
40:02so we just lit the fire
40:03and then it was
40:04anybody want a ride
40:05and that was the start
40:06of the KB Night Railway
40:22Brian was there
40:23from the outset
40:29the railway opened to the public
40:31in 1963
40:33and people flocked to it
40:43we used to run the train
40:46until about five
40:47half past five
40:48then we'd put Pixie away
40:50eat fish and chips
40:52and then we would have a film show
40:54one of Teddy's film shows
40:55which would go on
40:56until about one
40:57two o'clock in the morning
40:59I think the proximity
41:00of the graveyard
41:01always added a bit
41:02of atmosphere to KB
41:03some people didn't like it
41:04but on a foggy night
41:05it was always pretty good
41:06round there
41:06and one night
41:06they'd dug an open grave
41:08ready for somebody
41:09to be buried
41:10and I was back in my car
41:11out of the drive
41:12in the fog
41:12and as the lights came round
41:13it suddenly picked up
41:14somebody climbing out
41:15the grave
41:16it was actually the church warden
41:17who just put a ladder
41:18in there to check
41:18it was okay
41:19hadn't got water in it
41:20you know
41:22wish I'd had a camera
41:30with help from lots of volunteers
41:32like Peter, Brian and Audrey
41:34Teddy opened the rectory
41:36to the public every month
41:44the Cadeby Light Railway
41:45drew thousands of people
41:47into the world of Narrow Gauge
41:49alongside Pixie
41:50Teddy had other steam locomotives
41:53a miniature railway
41:54a steamroller
41:55and a traction engine
42:04and after May 1974
42:06a wife
42:08well the wedding
42:09was a day to remember
42:10for everyone
42:11not only for the bride and groom
42:17the day began
42:18with a steam-driven lorry
42:20ferrying the bride
42:21to be to the ceremony
42:26admission to the church
42:27was by ticket only
42:28and it was relayed outside
42:30by loudspeakers
42:31because there were so many people
42:33couldn't get them all in
42:35came out of church
42:36and all these hundreds of people
42:38were there
42:39and photographs etc
42:41but we didn't realise
42:42that all the steam boys
42:43had been working
42:44beavering away
42:45while we were in church
42:47and we walked through
42:47and we walked through
42:48an archway of shovels
42:52crowds cheered the bride and groom
42:54as they left the church
42:55in a steam cavalcade
42:57that included
42:58Teddy's own traction engine
42:59and steam road roller
43:02the day ended with a party
43:03a real Boston tea party
43:05in the village hall
43:09Teddy actually wore shoes
43:10for the first time
43:11in his life then
43:12I think
43:12because he was always
43:14in sandals
43:17when he died
43:18and he was buried
43:19I had the shoes
43:21asked the undertaker
43:22to put the shoes
43:23in the coffin
43:24because I wanted him
43:25to arrive duly shod
43:33Audrey carried on
43:35the work
43:35of spreading
43:35Teddy's message
43:36long after he died
43:42today
43:42Pixie no longer
43:44runs around the rectory
43:45she's being restored
43:48meanwhile
43:48she and Teddy
43:49are commemorated
43:50in the KB village sign
43:53well Audrey
43:54contacted me
43:55to say
43:56that the sign
43:57needs a little bit
43:57of TLC
43:58and it had been
44:00up for 12 years
44:03but it's cleaned up
44:04quite nicely
44:05but as you see
44:09basically this is all
44:10relief carved
44:12we glue together
44:14planks of oak
44:15so as you can see
44:16it's got a little bit
44:17of depth to it
44:17so even if
44:19a hundred years time
44:20this paint had all gone
44:21hopefully the carving
44:23would still be there
44:24one two three
44:31the sign that Audrey
44:33commissioned
44:33does more than just
44:35commemorate Teddy's
44:36contribution to steam
44:37preservation
44:37it also captures the place
44:40that steam still has
44:41in many people's hearts
44:44I think people have always
44:46loved steam engines
44:47and when they began
44:48to disappear off the
44:49railways with the
44:50dieselisation of the
44:52late 50s and 60s
44:53people started to think
44:55hang on
44:55we love these
44:56we don't want to see
44:57them go
44:59they were like
45:00living breathing
45:01creatures
45:02they took people to work
45:03they took them to the
45:04seaside
45:05they took people on
45:06day's ad
45:07before people could
45:08afford to buy a car
45:09they were parts of an age
45:11in which people grew up
45:12and people identified
45:13with it
45:14and they wanted to keep
45:15a little part of that
45:20the place where people
45:21could really identify
45:22with steam
45:23was north wales
45:24where preservation
45:25was going from
45:26strength to strength
45:29by 1965
45:31volunteers on the
45:32festiniog
45:32had managed to
45:33restore more than
45:3410 miles of track
45:35and were halfway
45:36to their destination
45:39now they faced
45:41a huge barrier
45:53the problem was
45:55that while the line
45:55had been derelict
45:56the electric authority
45:58came
45:58they built a reservoir
46:00across the tracks
46:01in Tanigricia
46:03which blocked the line
46:04and the reason this
46:06was a big problem
46:07was that the railway
46:08originally had a gradient
46:10between festiniog
46:12and Tanigbo
46:14and this reservoir
46:16was higher than the railway
46:17and the company
46:19didn't want to steepen
46:20the line
46:20because if they steepen
46:21the line
46:22the engines couldn't
46:23pull the same trains
46:24so to solve that problem
46:27we did some surveys
46:29and came up with the idea
46:30that you could build a loop
46:32by building a loop
46:33a spiral
46:36it was possible
46:37to increase the length
46:38of the line
46:39and maintain the gradient
46:41go round the lake
46:42and tie back
46:43into the original line
46:45and so
46:46that was the project
46:47that was eventually adopted
46:49and it became known
46:50as the deviation
46:53Gerald Fox
46:54was a volunteer at the time
46:56this model shows
46:57the problem
46:57and solution
46:58he came up with
47:00trains heading for
47:01Blynau festiniog
47:02began on the old line
47:04on the left of the model
47:05but would deviate to the right
47:07to go round in a big loop
47:10it would make the line longer
47:12but the gradient or slope
47:13would be more gentle
47:14and therefore easier
47:16for trains to climb
47:19the only problem they had
47:21was actually building it
47:23the deviation would be
47:25a huge engineering task
47:27including a cutting
47:28an embankment
47:29a bridge
47:30and finally
47:31a tunnel through
47:32solid granite
47:33it was something
47:34that had never before
47:35been attempted
47:35by volunteers
47:36anywhere
47:38inevitably
47:39not everyone
47:40on the railway
47:41was happy about the plan
47:43they were a bit awkward
47:45at times
47:46because they had no idea
47:48and they didn't interact
47:49with the railway very well
47:51and that was the trouble
47:52they had to
47:54come into
47:55Tunable Station
47:56with their wagons
47:58and one thing or another
47:59and there was friction
48:21so we agreed that if the project
48:24was going to go ahead
48:25we would recruit labour
48:27from outside the established source of volunteers
48:30so what we sought were digging enthusiasts
48:33people who wanted a weekend in Wales
48:36doing something physical
48:37that they would get them out of their offices
48:40and we set up a rotor
48:49the big problem was
48:51where do people stay
48:51how do you live up here
48:52how can we make this work
48:54and I was walking down the line one day
48:56and came past Thialse Manor
49:00and there was this guy outside
49:01so I went to talk to him
49:02and he turned out to be a retired colonel
49:05from the British Army
49:06and he said
49:06well you can have my cowshed
49:08and he became a strong enthusiastic supporter
49:13of the project
49:14and actually a vital component
49:16because he had an explosives license
49:19and to dig rock you have to blast it
49:30we built a siding for him
49:32so that he could keep his locomotive up there
49:34and that allowed him to go down to Tanibul
49:37where his car was kept
49:39and move his furniture and whatever
49:41instead of carrying it up the hill
49:49Gerald and other deviationists
49:51still old friends
49:52are returning to celebrate a birthday
49:55I had a couple of flatmates
49:57who'd went up
49:58and when they came back
49:59they said
49:59oh it was awful
50:00you had to stay in this hut
50:01in the middle of nowhere
50:03under the mountains
50:03and I thought
50:04hut, mountains
50:06yes please
50:07you know
50:07and I
50:08you know
50:09so I volunteered next to go up
50:10and I really loved it
50:12it was like a second home
50:13there was
50:14Bristol group
50:15and that's the one I came up with
50:17because I was living in Bristol at the time
50:18and there was a northern group
50:20and that's the one I was involved in
50:22two London groups
50:23London A, London B
50:24it was a very mixed bag
50:26of people that you had
50:27people of different professions
50:29yes I was a teacher at the time
50:31I was training to be a chef
50:32I was at college
50:34we had a mixed male and female workforce
50:38probably over the project
50:40about 30% of the workforce was female
50:42and therefore you worked as a group
50:45you ate as a group
50:46you slept as a group
50:47and there was basically an unwritten rule
50:51that there was no hanky-panky
50:54I just finished with a boyfriend
50:56I was a bit at a loose end
50:57and my friend Ian that I was at college with
50:59said why don't you and Karen
51:01come on this working party
51:03on the deviation
51:03because he'd been involved in it
51:05for a number of years
51:06he was a railway enthusiast
51:08and we said well
51:09we've nothing else to do
51:10you know
51:10we'll go and have a bit of fun
51:13and this guy turned up with a car
51:14to give us a lift
51:15and it was David
51:17that's David on the left
51:18he was organising volunteer working groups
51:21at the time
51:22just as we were leaving
51:23to go out to the car
51:25my friend Karen said to me
51:26oh I like that guy
51:27with the big fancy sweatshirt
51:28and the brown eyes
51:29and I went well
51:30you can keep your eyes off him
51:31because I'm having him
51:37I just happened to have a camera
51:39and this is the only film
51:41I've ever made with it
51:42I've been an engineer all my life
51:44ever since I was 15
51:46my job at the time
51:48as far as the railway was concerned
51:49was to organise the northern group
51:53we have here pictures of the barn site cutting
51:57and the Rosslyn Bridge
51:59these are taken around about 1969
52:03the idea of digging out the cuttings
52:07was to break the rock into manageable pieces
52:09and load them into skip wagons
52:11these were then pushed or gravitated
52:14down to the end of the embankment
52:16and then tipped over the end
52:19occasionally the wagon went with it
52:21especially if it had been frozen overnight
52:28the wagon was loaded with
52:30probably a ton
52:32ton and a quarter of broken rock
52:34and was quite difficult to manhandle
52:40you had to sort of stand on the chassis
52:42yes and one of you would release the sort of breaking mechanism
52:45and then you'd push it
52:48and the risk was sometimes you felt
52:50the thing could overbalance
52:52and go down with the rocks
52:54my friend Karen and I
52:55we were on the site
52:57just the other side of the trees here
52:58and there was about a three foot diameter tree
53:01that needed to come down
53:03so the pair of us between us
53:04got the axe out
53:05and started to chop it
53:06and chop it
53:07and the men kept saying
53:08would you like a hand with that
53:09and we were saying no it's our tree
53:11and we'll bring it down
53:13and the sense of achievement
53:14was absolutely incredible
53:15you know
53:21but it wasn't all work
53:25I do remember people skinny dipping
53:27in the Achlecht
53:28do you remember that?
53:29I can remember it
53:30I never actually did it myself
53:31no but my husband has done it
53:33evidently
53:38but the fun part of the weekend
53:40was going home on the Sunday evening
53:41because we used to pass this flat wagon
53:43absolutely
53:44with all the rucksacks and boxes and things
53:46and used to sit on it
53:47and all there was between you and eternity
53:49was a break
53:49yeah
53:50and you just had to hope that
53:51and you whistled
53:52and all the places it said whistle
53:53that's right
53:54you whistled
53:54and we just
53:55and we went up
53:56really really fast down the line
53:58all weathers
53:59and I can remember one lad
54:01sat on a rucksack
54:02and he must have overbalanced
54:03and he fell down the embankment
54:05by Campbell's platform
54:06and we had to
54:07slam the brake on quickly
54:08to go and retrieve him
54:18the volunteers were entitled to their fun
54:21they had been working on the deviation
54:23since 1965
54:25now
54:25ten years in
54:27they were about to confront
54:28their greatest obstacle
54:29a solid wall of granite
54:32they'd have to tunnel
54:35well we were faced with this
54:36beautiful cutting we're in at the moment
54:38and a blank rock face
54:40and 271 metres of granite
54:44to get through
54:46work on the tunnel started in September 1975
54:50and for the next two years
54:52hundreds of volunteers turned out
54:54every weekend
54:56luckily the project manager
54:58Bob Lamarchand
54:59and his colleagues
55:00Pete Hughes and Robin Daniel
55:01knew what they were doing
55:02they were mining engineers
55:06we drill about 40-45 holes
55:09eight foot long
55:10that might take as much
55:12as three or four hours
55:13fill the majority of them up
55:14with explosives
55:15and then that's blasted
55:18at the end of the day
55:19and when you come back
55:21next morning
55:22you've got about 50 tonnes
55:23of broken rock ahead of you
55:24and you've got about
55:26maybe four or five or six hours
55:28of loading rock
55:29before you can then start
55:31the drilling process
55:32all over again
55:36and it wasn't just the railway
55:37that benefited from their presence
55:40when the miners came
55:41to do the tunnel
55:42then Robin walked into my life
55:44and I thought
55:46oh wow
55:47big bearded guy
55:48you know
55:50lovely sense of humour
55:52and I started falling for him
55:54and then
55:55we gradually got together
55:57but I was volunteering at the time
55:59I used to polish his
56:00I used to sharpen up
56:01his drill stills
56:02I was
56:15Sue's drill sharpening skills
56:17were clearly effective
56:18Robin and the others
56:19completed the tunnel
56:20in the summer of 1977
56:26five years later
56:28volunteers drove the first train
56:30into Blynau-Festiniog
56:31150 years
56:33after the horse-drawn line
56:35had opened
56:40we met up with the miners
56:41the other two guys
56:42the other day
56:43and we were saying
56:43amongst ourselves
56:44all the exciting things
56:45we've done in life
56:46this is the most worthwhile
56:47the most interesting thing
56:49that we've done
56:49and we're all very proud
56:50of what we've done
57:01what they achieved
57:02was truly remarkable
57:04this disparate band
57:06of volunteers in Wales
57:07launched a movement
57:08that has spread
57:09throughout the world
57:21and the story
57:22of narrow-gauge preservation
57:24isn't finished
57:25even today
57:26small railways
57:27are opening
57:28in different parts
57:29of the country
57:29and on the Talichlin
57:31the place
57:31where in 1951
57:33it all began
57:34volunteers are at work
57:36still laying new track
57:38back for the last bit
57:40the narrow-gauge preservation movement
57:43just rolls on and on
57:51in the next programme
57:52the story of how volunteers
57:54took on the massive challenge
57:56of restoring Britain's
57:57standard gauge railways
58:00what you see
58:01with the station name board
58:03is a group of us
58:06putting it back
58:07in its rightful place
58:08that was
58:09if you like
58:10reclaiming the railway
58:11for us
58:12and how one of Britain's
58:13most popular films
58:15changed railway preservation
58:17forever
58:19this is actually
58:21the spot
58:21where I stood
58:22to flag off the train
58:24in several sequences
58:26in the 1970 film
58:27in the秋
58:31the importantonal
58:31but
58:31in the
59:00You
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