00:00Thank you very much. Good morning. I've come to Munich to meet with friends and allies, to listen to experts
00:06and to show Spain's commitment to the multilateral order and the security of Eastern European nations.
00:14We Spaniards are far away from Russia, but we know quite well that Putin is a real threat, that the
00:21world is becoming more unstable, and that we Europeans must strengthen our defense capabilities to protect, of course, our freedom
00:29and way of life, but also to provide security guarantees to our international partners.
00:36We are also aware of this, that since I became Prime Minister, Spain has tripled its defense spending and has
00:44doubled the number of soldiers deployed in NATO missions.
00:49We need, of course, to ensure our sovereignty, our territorial integrity, and our security.
00:55But I strongly believe that nuclear rearmament is not the right way of doing it, and I am hardly the
01:02first one thinking that.
01:03So many years ago, our parents and grandparents came to the conclusion that nuclear deterrence was a far too costly
01:12and risky way of avoiding conflict between nations.
01:16Too costly, because it demanded colossal public investments, and too dangerous, because on several occasions, technical or human errors came
01:28close to triggering a full-scale nuclear war between the West and the former Soviet Union,
01:34a war which would have brought humanity to the brink of extinction.
01:39After a few decades, our predecessors realized that the risks posed by nuclear deterrence far outweighed its contributions to peace.
01:51They realized that a system that requires zero mistakes and constant correction to avoid total destruction is not a guarantee.
02:01It is a gamble.
02:02President Ronald Reagan stated, and I quote, a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought.
02:09End of the quote.
02:10And John F. Kennedy said that, and I quote, the weapons of war must be abolished before they abolish us.
02:20End of the quote.
02:21So this was not about left or right.
02:23It was about doing the right thing.
02:26This collective realization led to an international agreement to undertake a gradual, verifiable process of nuclear disarmament.
02:36Treaties were signed, and nuclear arsenals were dramatically reduced.
02:41But now the tide is turning.
02:44Nuclear powers have forgotten the lessons of the past, and they are expanding their nuclear arsenals once again.
02:52Together, they are spending more than $11 million every single hour on them.
03:00And experts estimate that the U.S. alone will invest $946 billion in nukes over the next decade, enough to
03:10eradicate extreme global poverty.
03:12In my view, this is a mistake, a historical error that we cannot commit again, particularly not today, with artificial
03:21intelligence casting a shadow of uncertainty over the entire world.
03:26That is why I would like to humbly ask all these powerful nations, please stop nuclear rearmament.
03:34Sit down, negotiate, and sign a new START treaty to ensure continuity of the one that has just expired.
03:42As a non-nuclear country that has witnessed nuclear bombs accidentally being dropped on its territory back in 1966, I
03:53beg you, prevent the launch of a new arms race while it is possible.
03:58Humanity will be forever grateful if you do, and it will heavily judge you if you don't.
04:05We need to stop Putin, we need to strengthen our deterrence capabilities, but let us do it in a coordinated
04:14and targeted way that we can control.
04:18Let's build a true European army, not in 10 years, but now.
04:22Spain will join with all the resources that are needed.
04:25Let's strengthen our multilateral system, reforming and empowering those institutions that, despite their flaws, have succeeded in maintaining peace in
04:36the West for decades.
04:38And also, let's invest in the values of solidarity, empathy, and cooperation that have brought us this far.
04:46Because the rearmament that we most urgently need in the world is a moral one.
04:52Thank you.
04:58Thank you.
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