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Europe Today: Relacje między USA i Iran wciąż napięte. Ale będą rozmowy o atomie
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Zapraszamy na nowy flagowy program poranny Euronews o 8 rano czasu brukselskiego. W ciągu zaledwie 20 minut przedstawiamy najważniejsze wiadomości dnia.
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NewsTranscript
00:00Dzień dobry.
00:02To jest 6 wczesni.
00:06I'm Maeve Magamaghan.
00:08To jest Europe Today.
00:10Your daily dose
00:12of European news and analysis.
00:14Live here, of course,
00:16on Euronews.
00:18Coming up,
00:20all eyes are on
00:22OECD.
00:24Now, we're going to have
00:26a new episode of Europe Today.
00:28Coming up, all eyes are on Oman,
00:30where high-stakes talks are beginning
00:32between Iran and the United States
00:34amid ongoing tensions over
00:36Iran's nuclear program and the government's
00:38crackdown on protesters. Ahead
00:40of the talks, which nearly didn't happen,
00:42the White House says President Trump wants
00:44a deal that ensures, quote, zero
00:46nuclear capability. But if that
00:48doesn't happen, he has many other options
00:50at his disposal. Trump has even
00:52threatened a massive armada if the
00:54Iranians don't come to the table.
00:56For the latest, let's turn to Euronews
00:58correspondent Shona Murray, who's following
01:00the talks very closely for us.
01:02Good morning, Shona. Good morning, Maeve.
01:04So, look, what should we expect from these talks?
01:06And what exactly is at stake today?
01:08Well, I mean, what's at stake is really
01:10destabilisation of the whole region,
01:12which is a massive thing. We're talking about
01:14what Trump is saying to the Iranians,
01:16saying there's going to be a massive armada,
01:18we're worried. We don't know exactly what the
01:20Americans are trying to extract from the
01:22Iranians. Now, you mentioned there, obviously, the
01:24end to nuclear capabilities, which is something
01:26that they may give into, because we saw from
01:28Operation Midnight Hammer last year
01:30that there was a huge destruction of their
01:32capabilities. But we also heard from Marco Rubio,
01:34the US Secretary of State yesterday,
01:36saying that he wants them to end their
01:38ballistic missile programme and their
01:40sponsorship of terrorist regimes. The Europeans
01:42would like to see them end their drone
01:44programme, which, of course, supports the Russians
01:46in Ukraine. So, will they give in
01:48to all these concessions? Will they have to
01:50allow the United States into the Iranian
01:52oil market? Now, the regime itself,
01:54as we know, is very weak. The economy
01:56is really in freefall. Inflation
01:58is very high. The currency is very, very
02:00low at the moment. There's been decades
02:02of economic mismanagement, deep
02:04systemic corruption. And then we
02:06saw those massive protests in Iran
02:08over the last few weeks, where we know
02:10at least 6,000 people were killed with the
02:12regime, but up to around 17,000 to 20,000
02:14could potentially have been killed. So,
02:16that's why we're actually at this table
02:18right now. So, there was also a discussion
02:20over the last few weeks about regime change.
02:22And I caught up with Ehud Olmert, who's
02:24the former Israeli Prime Minister. Now, we
02:26know Israel has obviously had major
02:27confrontations with Iran over the past
02:28few years and also in the last few
02:30months. And I asked him whether he was
02:32optimistic or how he felt about these
02:34talks in general.
02:36Don't underestimate
02:38the Iranians. They are
02:40and they are
02:42manipulative. And
02:44they are playing a game.
02:46I don't think that
02:48any negotiations will change
02:50it. So, with all
02:52the respect that I
02:54have for President Trump
02:56and his threats,
02:58I don't think that even a massive
03:00American attack
03:02will change the regime.
03:04At the end, it will be changed from
03:06within by the people of Iran.
03:08I had Olmert there with a very
03:10clear message for Donald Trump.
03:12And Shona, we heard as well during the
03:13week, regional powers
03:14putting a lot of pressure on
03:16President Trump not to attack,
03:17calling for dialogue.
03:18That's right. I mean, that's why we
03:20have, we have this dialogue right now.
03:21And over the past few weeks when
03:22Donald Trump has been sabre-rattling
03:24the Iranians, regional powers,
03:26even the Saudi Arabians have been
03:27saying, please do not engage in
03:29any airstrikes. We don't need any
03:30further destabilization.
03:32We heard from people like Anwar Gargash,
03:33who's an advisor to the President
03:35of the UAE during the week,
03:37saying that the Iranians should
03:38use this opportunity to
03:39rebuild their economy,
03:41rebuild their relationship
03:42with the United States.
03:43We heard the same from the
03:44Lebanese Prime Minister,
03:45who said that Lebanon won't
03:47support Iran in this regard.
03:48So hope that there will be
03:50and, you know, no further
03:51destabilization.
03:52But we don't know if that's
03:53going to happen.
03:54Remember, last time Iran
03:55and the United States were
03:56engaged in diplomatic talks,
03:57that's when the Americans
03:58struck Iran last year.
04:00So we'll see what happens,
04:01but it won't be ended
04:02in just one day.
04:03They will not.
04:05Deeply complicated and deeply complex.
04:06Shona Murray, thank you so much
04:07for keeping across that story.
04:09For us, and from one deal to another,
04:11you might have heard the last
04:12nuclear arms control agreement
04:14between the United States
04:16and Russia has reached
04:17its expiry date,
04:19though 11th hour talks are
04:21reportedly working to prolong it.
04:23The two sides are looking at
04:24a brand new START treaty,
04:26which would limit the size
04:27of nuclear arsenals
04:28and ensure inspections.
04:30for more.
04:31Sasha Vakilini now joins me
04:32in the studio.
04:33Sasha, tell us,
04:34why has this not been renewed yet?
04:35Bring us up to speed.
04:36Now, this is the very first time
04:38in over 50 years,
04:39half a century,
04:40when the U.S. and Russia
04:41do not have any legally binding
04:44agreement limiting their nuclear forces.
04:46Now, let that settle in,
04:47that thought.
04:48This is hugely important.
04:50Now, at the same time,
04:51we have to say that the U.S. and Russia,
04:52they do have 90% of all
04:55of the nuclear weapons in the world.
04:56This is the scale of the situation
04:58we are now talking about.
05:00Now, the latest one actually expired in 2021,
05:03but there was an automatic extension
05:05till February 2026.
05:07And the sides were kind of mentioning
05:09the possibility of extending it,
05:11but not yet.
05:12Now, both have certain demands.
05:13And at the same time,
05:14what we've heard from Moscow
05:16ever since specifically
05:17its full-scale invasion of Ukraine
05:18is numerous threats
05:19to use its nuclear weapons,
05:20both against Ukraine
05:22and against the West.
05:23Moscow also actually changed
05:25its nuclear doctrine,
05:26making it easier
05:27to go into nuclear weapons.
05:29This time,
05:30this is what Dmitry Peskov,
05:31the press person of the Kremlin,
05:33had to say regarding
05:34the possible extension.
05:35He said that
05:36we view this negatively,
05:38the expiration,
05:39and express our regret.
05:41Our initiative to maintain
05:42the nuclear arms control
05:43limits for another year,
05:45even after the treaty expires,
05:46has also remained unanswered.
05:48Now, it did not really
05:50remain unanswered,
05:52made the United States
05:53and the Donald Trump administration
05:54responded to that,
05:56except they do have
05:57certain demands.
05:58Now, let's take a listen
05:59to the U.S. Secretary of State,
06:00Marco Rubio.
06:01The President's been clear
06:02in the past
06:03that in order to have
06:04true arms control
06:05in the 21st century,
06:07it's impossible to do something
06:08that doesn't include China
06:09because of their vast
06:10and rapidly growing stockpile.
06:12China's nuclear forces
06:14are not at all
06:15on the same scale
06:16as those of the U.S. and Russia.
06:18and thus,
06:19China will not participate
06:20in nuclear disarmament
06:21negotiations
06:22at the current stage.
06:23Russia has suggested
06:24that the two sides
06:25continue to observe
06:26the core limits of the treaty.
06:27China calls for the U.S.
06:28to respond positively,
06:29handle follow-up arrangements
06:31of the treaty
06:32in a responsible manner,
06:33and resume strategic
06:34stability dialogue
06:35with Russia
06:36at an early date.
06:37Indeed,
06:39China has around 600 warheads,
06:42Maeve.
06:43This compares to over 5,000
06:45that the U.S. and Russia
06:46have each of those countries.
06:48And yet,
06:49China's been growing massively,
06:51adding over 100 warheads
06:52each year
06:53to its nuclear arsenal.
06:55So there are reasons
06:56for concern there,
06:57and this is the strategy
06:58from the United States.
06:59Indeed, reasons for concern.
07:00Sasha,
07:01and where does that leave
07:02the nuclear arms race then?
07:03Well, this race
07:04has been on already
07:05for a while.
07:06both the United States,
07:07Russia,
07:08and China,
07:09as we just discussed now,
07:10they've been investing heavily
07:11in modernizing
07:12their nuclear arsenal.
07:14Now, the difference here
07:15is that Russia's been
07:16more vocal about it.
07:17Now, in November 24,
07:18and then in January 26,
07:19Russia actually used
07:21its conventional version
07:22of Oreshnik
07:23Intermediate-range ballistic missile
07:25and also tested
07:26what it called
07:27the doomsday's weapon,
07:28the Poseidon nuclear-powered
07:29and possibly nuclear-carrying drone,
07:31publicly speaking about it
07:33to the world.
07:34Okay, Sasha, Vaklina,
07:35thank you so much
07:36for that update.
07:37And actually, just yesterday,
07:38we saw the UN Secretary-General,
07:39Antonio Guterres,
07:40warning that the risk
07:41of a nuclear weapon
07:42being used
07:43is the highest in decades.
07:44But now, coming up,
07:45we will be joined
07:46by Ben Hodges,
07:47the retired
07:48U.S. Army Lieutenant-General
07:49and former Commanding General
07:51of U.S. Army Europe.
07:52He's a well-known commentator
07:54on international affairs
07:55and defence issues,
07:56so we're thrilled
07:57to have him this morning
07:58with us on Europe Today.
07:59Good morning, Ben.
08:00Great to see you again.
08:01Thanks for coming on.
08:02Well, Maeve,
08:03thank you for having me back.
08:04Look, given these talks
08:05that we're all focused
08:06on today in Oman,
08:07the recent U.S. force build-up
08:09and Trump's, of course,
08:10comments that the Supreme Leader
08:11should be very worried,
08:12what do you expect
08:13to come out of today?
08:15Unfortunately,
08:16nothing of real significance.
08:19I mean,
08:20I agree completely
08:21with what
08:22former Prime Minister Omer
08:24just said
08:25on your show.
08:26The Iranians
08:27are playing the game.
08:29They see that
08:30the U.S. president
08:31really does not
08:32want to do anything
08:34and also that
08:35the Americans
08:36have not thought through
08:37what comes after
08:38a potential strike.
08:39I mean,
08:40that's,
08:41we're good at
08:42the strike part,
08:43but we're not very good
08:44traditionally at figuring
08:45out what comes after that.
08:47And I don't think
08:48we know enough
08:49and don't have a plan
08:50for who would replace
08:51the regime
08:52or what would come in
08:54after it.
08:55And so,
08:56I am honestly
08:58a bit skeptical.
09:00And I have to say,
09:01I'm also very unhappy
09:02that the president
09:03inspired protestors
09:04to come out in the street
09:05and take over
09:06their institutions
09:07and he encouraged people
09:08to come out,
09:09and then we did zero.
09:10So,
09:11no telling how many
09:12thousands of Iranians
09:13were killed
09:14on the false hope
09:15that the U.S.
09:16was about to intervene.
09:17So, you're very pessimistic
09:18about today.
09:19Do you think these talks,
09:20though, could be deescalatory
09:21or a final warning,
09:22perhaps,
09:23before Trump's military action?
09:25Well,
09:26maybe a final warning
09:28might be part of it,
09:29but even if it is
09:31a final warning,
09:32unless we know
09:34what comes next,
09:36I don't know that this
09:38is a very good idea.
09:40now,
09:42certainly the United States
09:43and probably
09:44some regional allies
09:45have built up
09:46a lot of capability
09:47in the region,
09:48but it seems
09:49that most of our allies
09:50actually are pushing
09:51hard against
09:52any kind of a strike
09:53because,
09:54obviously,
09:55they would suffer from
09:56some of the Iranian
09:57retaliation.
09:58And so,
09:59we're really feeling
10:00it now.
10:01The United States,
10:02even with all of its capability,
10:03if you don't have
10:04a lot of allies
10:05with you to do
10:06certain things,
10:07it reduces the amount
10:08of pressure
10:09you can put on adversaries.
10:11And our viewers
10:12are probably thinking
10:13this morning as well,
10:14is the world even ready
10:15or able for another war?
10:17Well,
10:18I will tell you this,
10:19the President
10:20and his administration
10:21have not prepared
10:22the American people
10:23for another war.
10:24I mean,
10:25he campaigned on
10:26no,
10:27never-ending wars,
10:28you know,
10:29and in fact,
10:31the idea of going
10:32into Iran
10:33with troops
10:34would be a,
10:35in my view,
10:36a disaster.
10:37I mean,
10:38you're talking about
10:39a very large country,
10:40and for what purpose?
10:41It's just not clear
10:42that they have thought
10:43this all the way through,
10:44in my view.
10:45And as you heard
10:46earlier from
10:47Sasha Vakilina
10:48on SESH,
10:49there's talks between
10:50the Americans
10:51and the Russians
10:52on a nuclear deal.
10:53Do you agree with
10:54the statement
10:55of Antonio Guterres,
10:56what he said yesterday,
10:57that the risk now
10:58of a nuclear weapon
10:59being used is the highest
11:00it's been in decades?
11:01I think that the,
11:03there's always a risk,
11:06but I think it's
11:07extremely unlikely
11:08because the Russians
11:10do not,
11:11would benefit nothing
11:13from having a,
11:15using a nuclear weapon.
11:16So I don't think
11:17it's the highest.
11:18I don't know that
11:19those kinds of comparisons
11:20are useful.
11:21The fact is,
11:22once again,
11:23if all of our allies
11:24were with us,
11:25putting pressure on Russia,
11:27then I think we'd have
11:28a better chance
11:29of getting back
11:30to an agreement.
11:31And just on Ukraine,
11:32we saw Ukraine
11:33and Russia
11:34concluding those talks
11:35in Abu Dhabi yesterday.
11:36Ben,
11:37no breakthrough though
11:38towards ending
11:39Europe's most deadly conflict
11:40since the Second World War.
11:41Do you think
11:42they'll ever be able
11:43to break this impasse?
11:44I don't think so.
11:46For two reasons.
11:47Number one,
11:48the Russians have not changed
11:49a bit,
11:50any of their maximalist demands.
11:51I mean,
11:52they're,
11:53they absolutely are not
11:54backing away from anything
11:55that they wanted
11:56four years ago.
11:57Uh,
11:58and on the American side,
11:59uh,
12:00the administration
12:02has never cared about
12:03the origin of the conflict.
12:04They have only been interested
12:05in getting a deal
12:06of some sort.
12:07And,
12:08um,
12:09I think that they don't,
12:11they,
12:12they look at this as a gigantic
12:13real estate transaction,
12:14you know,
12:15that like blocks of apartments
12:16in Manhattan versus
12:17parts of a sovereign country.
12:19And that's why Brussels
12:20is worried too.
12:21Just briefly,
12:22this idea of an EU envoy
12:23to talk to Putin,
12:24is that a good idea?
12:25Well,
12:26I think Europe has allowed
12:27itself to be sidelined.
12:28Um,
12:29thinking that somehow the Americans
12:30were going to handle it.
12:31And,
12:32uh,
12:33it's clear to me that the American,
12:34uh,
12:35approach has been doomed
12:36from the beginning.
12:37Um,
12:38but the American side
12:39has no respect for Europe.
12:40The Russians have no respect
12:41for Europe.
12:42So the Russians have to,
12:43the Europeans have to get
12:45their own,
12:46uh,
12:47seat at the table,
12:48even if they have to make
12:49their own table.
12:50Thank you so much for joining us
12:51once again here on Europe Today.
12:53Well,
12:54now,
12:55uh,
12:56moving on to another major story
12:57that we're watching this week,
12:58and it's about social media.
12:59Brussels has come out in defense
13:01of Spain and a number of other EU
13:03countries planning to tighten
13:04control over digital platforms.
13:06Speaking in Dubai earlier this week,
13:08Pedro Sánchez said he would be banning
13:10social media usage for under-16s.
13:12For more,
13:13David Artiles from our Madrid office
13:15sent us this update.
13:17Good morning from Madrid.
13:19As Pedro Sánchez announced,
13:20Spain is set to ban social media
13:22for everyone under-16.
13:24Sánchez has labeled the digital world
13:26as a failed state,
13:27vowing to rescue minors
13:29from a digital wild west,
13:30where he says,
13:31crimes go unpunished.
13:33The plan is bold.
13:34The Spanish government
13:35will mandate strict age verification
13:37and hold tech executives
13:39criminally liable
13:40for illegal contents.
13:41They even aim to outlaw
13:43the manipulation of algorithms
13:44on platforms like Instagram
13:46and TikTok.
13:47The backlash was instant.
13:49Telegram's Pavel Drov warned
13:51of total control on the internet,
13:53while Elon Musk branded
13:54our prime minister as a tyrant.
13:56Sánchez, however, is unfazed,
13:58dismissing the barking
14:00of the tech giants
14:01as proof that Spain
14:02is on the right track.
14:04That was David Artiles there
14:06reporting from Madrid for us.
14:08And now for the view from
14:09the European Parliament.
14:10we can actually bring in
14:11MEP Alexander Gies from
14:12the Green Party.
14:13Good morning, Alexander.
14:14Lovely to have you with us.
14:16Look, this social media ban
14:17for under-16s,
14:18it's gaining momentum
14:19in many EU countries,
14:20but we're seeing a huge backlash
14:22from big tech.
14:23What is your view here?
14:26Good morning and thanks for having me.
14:28I think the social media ban
14:30for minors is a last resort solution.
14:33I'm not a fan in the beginning,
14:35but I think it has gone so far,
14:37the hate and the violence,
14:39the illegal content
14:40that is pushed to our kids,
14:43that our kids do not choose,
14:44but that people like Mark Zuckerberg
14:46or Elon Musk choose to give
14:49to our kids,
14:50that a last resort solution
14:52should be something
14:54that we need to consider.
14:55And we're seeing now
14:57many EU countries
14:58contemplating bringing in
14:59their own legislation.
15:01Could we then not kind of see
15:02a patchwork across the 27?
15:04That is indeed a huge problem.
15:07And we did approve
15:08the Digital Services Act
15:10in the European Union
15:11in the past years
15:12to avoid exactly that problem.
15:15The issue with the Digital Services Act
15:17is that for the very large
15:19online platforms,
15:20such the likes of X
15:22or the Instagram or TikTok,
15:25the European Commission
15:26is responsible for enforcement
15:28and the European Commission
15:29has not been enforcing
15:31this piece of legislation robustly.
15:33enough.
15:34There are consistent threats
15:36from the US administration
15:38against the European Commission
15:40not to enforce
15:41that piece of legislation,
15:42not to protect our citizens,
15:44not to protect our kids.
15:45And I think this attitude
15:47has to change.
15:48The European Commission
15:49has to do something
15:50against the toxic algorithms,
15:52against the hate
15:53and the violence,
15:54and it needs to protect our kids.
15:55And that's why many
15:56in the Parliament
15:57want to move on
15:58with this ban,
15:59this social media ban
16:00for under-16s.
16:01But the big question,
16:02of course,
16:03is how do you verify
16:04the age of a digital user?
16:05Is it even feasible?
16:07Well, it is feasible,
16:08but we do not have
16:09a technical solution yet
16:11that allows to identify a user
16:14or better to just verify
16:16the age of the user
16:17without using or ID
16:19or biometric data.
16:21And therefore,
16:22we need to develop
16:23that solution very quickly.
16:24and I'm hearing
16:25it's coming in the next month
16:27where you can only disclose
16:29that single trait.
16:30So being over-16
16:32or under-16,
16:3318,
16:34over or under-18.
16:35Because I would very strongly
16:37advise against using
16:38or ID
16:39or biometric data
16:40because that biometric data
16:42can be used to train AI.
16:43and we have seen on GROC
16:45and how relentlessly
16:46that data is used
16:47for intimate images,
16:48for example.
16:49Alexandra Grisa,
16:50we'll have to leave it there.
16:51Thank you so much, though,
16:52for joining us this Friday morning.
16:53And it is indeed Friday,
16:55the 6th of February,
16:56which means after months of prep
16:58and going way over budget,
16:59the Winter Olympics
17:00get underway today
17:01in Milan-Cortina.
17:02Among the VIPs there invited
17:04are the US Vice President,
17:05J.D. Vance,
17:06and the French President,
17:07Emmanuel Macron.
17:08So, Jakub Janus has more.
17:12Today,
17:13the Winter Olympics
17:14return to Europe.
17:15The snow cannons are ready,
17:17but nature was faster,
17:19covering the Italian slopes
17:21in the real thing.
17:22And the International Olympic Committee
17:25promises the emotions
17:26will be just as real.
17:28So who will be the winner?
17:31Early data showed Americans
17:33drive over a third
17:34of foreign spending,
17:35and the bills are huge.
17:37Australians average over
17:392,500 euros per booking,
17:41while the Dutch pay over 1,300.
17:44And what about the Italians?
17:46Because tickets are quite pricey,
17:49it looks like many of them
17:51are staying home.
17:52But maybe it is easier
17:54to watch from the sofa.
17:55These are the most dispersed
17:57Olympics in history,
17:58spreading over 22,000 square kilometers.
18:02So if you want to see skiing
18:04after skating,
18:05get yourself ready
18:07for a 5-hour drive.
18:08And the organizers promise
18:10these games will be green.
18:12So let's cross fingers for that
18:14and hope it doesn't end
18:16like Sochi 2014 Winter Games
18:18in Russia.
18:19And that ended
18:20with illegal waste dumps
18:21in national parks
18:22and a massive price tag
18:24fueled by corruption.
18:26However, we won't see their flag this time,
18:29as Russia is banned
18:31because of its invasion of Ukraine.
18:33And what about the locals?
18:36In a recent survey,
18:38the majority of them foresee
18:40a positive regional impact
18:41and lasting improvements
18:43to infrastructure and transport.
18:45And if they are right,
18:47the lasting price won't be the skiing,
18:49but a region finally connected for good.
18:53Let's just hope
18:54that during this Olympics
18:55the only ice locals have to deal with
18:58is the one on the mountains.
19:00Jakob Janis there.
19:02And if you are watching the games
19:03from your sofa this weekend, enjoy.
19:05And if you're watching us this morning
19:07from the UK, Ireland, Portugal or Morocco
19:09where serious rainfall
19:10has seen many evacuated from their home,
19:13please stay safe and stay dry.
19:15But this brings this edition
19:16of Europe Today to an end.
19:18Thank you so much for your company.
19:19Take care and see you very soon here
19:21on your own news.
19:30Thank you so much.
20:00Thank you.
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