00:00The often mentioned but never depicted eugenics wars became an important part of Star Trek canon
00:05in the original series episode Space Seed. According to this episode, in the 1990s,
00:10the notorious Khan Noonien Singh and several other genetically engineered humans known as
00:14Augments rose to power as dictators over large portions of Earth. These tyrants were eventually
00:19overthrown after four years of bloody struggle. As important as they are, Star Trek writers have
00:24been vague about the exact nature of the conflict, such as when and where the wars took place and who
00:29was involved. However, the pilot episode of Strange New Worlds did provide a tantalising historical
00:34summary putting the eugenic wars into their proper context. Just as World War I set the stage for the
00:39even more devastating World War II, the eugenics wars served as a prelude to a series of ever-escalating
00:44conflicts culminating in World War III. They also shaped societies for many centuries afterward.
00:50With all that in mind, I'm Tom Roberts Finn for Trek Culture and here are 8 things you didn't know
00:55about the eugenics wars. Number eight, the Augments were created in the 1950s. Just as the first atomic
01:03bombs were created to bring a swift end to World War II, the Augments were created with the best of
01:07intentions. Geneticists created them during the Cold War era in the hope that the so-called supermen
01:13would lead humanity into an era of peace after centuries of war. But they were wrong. Along with
01:19their superior physical and mental capabilities, the Augments were arrogant and aggressive. Their creators
01:23were unable to correct these character flaws due to the limited capabilities of genetic
01:28science at the time. As one of their creators succinctly put it, superior ability breeds superior
01:32ambition. That scientist would pay for his own arrogance and ambition when he was killed
01:37by his own creations. By the time the Augments were fully grown, they were ready to put their
01:41superior abilities to use. However, they were more interested in Khan. Khan came to power in 1992
01:50his fellow supermen took control of over 40 nations. Number seven, the Augments ruled as despots.
02:01In Space Seed, Khan described the era of the eugenics wars in romantic terms, calling them a period of
02:06great dreams and aspirations. He countered Spock's argument that they were fought to end tyranny by
02:12saying that they were an effort to unite humanity under a single ruler much like Rome under the Caesars.
02:17He claimed that while there were many petty dictatorships in that era, eventually one Augment
02:21would prevail over the others, bringing peace and order to the world. Contrary to Khan's high-minded
02:27rhetoric, the Augments ruled their territory as authoritarian dictators who treated ordinary humans
02:32as little more than slaves. Khan, however, considered himself a prince who ruled as a benign dictator.
02:38Unlike his fellow despots, Khan didn't slaughter his own citizens and his regime was peaceful. He didn't
02:43engage in warfare until his territory was attacked. Because of this, he was still admired in the
02:4723rd century as the best of the tyrants. Number six, they may have been largely fought covertly
02:54rather than through open war. In the Voyager episode Future's End, the USS Voyager travelled back in
02:59time to 1996. Although this was the year the eugenics wars ended, Voyager's crew didn't see any signs of
03:05warfare. In Venice Beach, people pursued leisure activities such as roller skating, bicycling and
03:11sunbathing. In the Hollywood Hills, Tuvok in Paris observed people enjoying the Griffith Observatory's
03:16exhibits and planetarium. In downtown, the crew witnessed well-dressed business people and shoppers.
03:21The only signs of social strife the crew witnessed included homelessness and an encounter with members
03:26of a right-wing militia. So, like now. A possible reason for this was explored in the novel series
03:32Star Trek The Eugenics Wars. These novels depicted the eugenics wars as a covert conflict similar to
03:38the earlier Cold War rather than open warfare. However, Star Trek Picard showrunner Terry Metallus
03:43has suggested that Spock might have been wrong about the date. Metallus and the showrunner's
03:47writers concluded that World War III's nuclear exchanges generated electromagnetic pulses that
03:52erased many electronic records, a reason that the eugenics wars were later in the 21st century.
03:57Star Trek Podigy writer and story editor Aaron Waltke has also suggested that the
04:02Temporal Cold War may have shifted the timeline.
04:055. Captain Jonathan Archer
04:08Other regions of the world were not so lucky as the United States. One area devastated by open war
04:13was North Africa. One of the soldiers involved in the North African campaign was Captain Jonathan
04:17Archer's great-grandfather. As depicted in the Enterprise episode Hatchery, during the Enterprise's
04:22conflict with the Zindi, Enterprise encountered a disabled Zindi ship containing an insectoid hatchery.
04:27Much to the crew's confusion, Captain Archer became obsessed with protecting this hatchery
04:32from harm. To illustrate his point that even war has moral rules, he related a war story about his
04:37great-grandfather to trip Tucker. During the eugenics wars, his great-grandfather was in command of a
04:42battalion. The battalion was evacuating civilians from a school in the middle of a combat zone when
04:46they came under attack from Augment. Wanting to limit collateral damage, Archer's great-grandfather
04:51contacted his Augment counterpart and successfully convinced the Augment commander to hold fire long
04:57enough to finish evacuating the school. 4. Casualties were in the millions
05:02How the eugenic wars began is unknown. As Spock pointed out in Space Seed, by the 23rd century,
05:07records from the 20th century had been sketchy. The aggressive and ambitious Augments may have begun
05:12fighting among themselves, while ordinary humans may have risen up against them. However the wars started,
05:17governments around the world were soon drawn into the conflict. By the time the tyrants were defeated,
05:22entire populations had been erased from existence through genocidal massacres and mass bombardments.
05:27The official death toll was 30 million. However, other estimates ranged between 35 and 37 million.
05:33Whatever the true total number of deaths was, another major but less obvious casualty was the
05:38human psyche. The human fear of genetically engineered beings lasted well into the 24th century.
05:44Bans on genetic engineering shaped everything from medical research to human interactions with other
05:48societies. They even jeopardised the careers of people associated with benign forms of genetic medicine.
05:543. Earth's governments hid Khan's escape from the public
05:58When the eugenics wars ended in 1996, the governments of the world sentenced Khan and more than 80 of his
06:03fellow supermen to death as war criminals. However, the Augments had disappeared before they could have
06:08been arrested. In order to prevent a panic, the governments hid the fact from the general public.
06:12As it turned out, Khan and his followers had acquired a sleeper ship used for deep space missions in the
06:17days before warp drive. Khan christened the ship SS Botany Bay after the Australian penal colony.
06:22He and his followers fled into space with no particular destination in mind.
06:26Two centuries later, the Botany Bay was encountered by the USS Enterprise.
06:29Kirk and his crew revived the hibernating supermen without fully realising the threat they posed.
06:34It wasn't long before the revived Khan led his supporters in an attempt to take control of the
06:38Enterprise. Kirk eventually thwarted Khan's efforts and exiled him and his supporters to the uninhabited
06:44planet Seti Alpha V. 2. They had far-reaching effects
06:49Following the eugenics wars, thousands of augmented embryos were secretly put into cold storage
06:54and the genetic engineering of humans was banned. This ban on genetic engineering made pariahs of
06:59those who had been treated with genetic therapy and led to conflicts with the Illyrians, a race known for
07:03genetic modifications. Illyrians were banned from Starfleet, the medical technology was banned in the
07:08Federation as was mixing of human and Illyrian blood. As depicted in the Strange New Worlds episode,
07:14this bias against Illyrians ultimately endangered the career of Enterprise First Officer Una Chin Riley.
07:20In the 22nd century, Arik Soong stole several augment embryos from Cold Station 12 and attempted to
07:26raise them himself. Their aggressive tendencies overcame Soong's attempts to temper their behaviour.
07:31These augments threatened to incite war and mass murder just as their brethren from the eugenics wars had.
07:36Klingon experiments with stolen augment DNA led to the release of a highly contagious virus that
07:41affected the appearance, biology and personality of a large number of Klingons.
07:461. The Eugenics wars were the first in an escalating series of wars
07:51As shown in Strange New Worlds, the eugenics wars turned out to be a part of an era of ever-increasing
07:56violence and civil unrest. It was followed by the Second Civil War, which grew out of a series of
08:01protests against the US government. Another factor depicted in the Deep Space Nine episode Past Tense
08:06included the civil unrest that followed the development of sanctuary districts as a response
08:11to homelessness. A second eugenics war followed the Second Civil War, which ultimately escalated
08:15into World War 3. The cataclysmic nuclear exchanges during the war led to the death of 30% of the
08:21population and the extinction of 600,000 species of plants and animals. As depicted in the Next
08:27Generation pilot episode Encounter at Farpoint, the post-atomic horror that followed persisted into 2079.
08:33And that was 8 things you didn't know about the Eugenics wars. Make sure to like and share the
08:37video and subscribe if you haven't already, and tap the notification bell to be alerted of future
08:42videos. If you can think of anything that we may have missed or you just want to tell us that New
08:46Trek isn't canon over and over and over again, then let us know down in the comments. You can find
08:50us on Twitter at TrekCulture and on Instagram at TrekCultureYT. You can find myself on Twitter at
08:55Tom C Finn and on various other socials as well. Thanks for watching and until next time, buh-bye.
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