00:00Hello. Thank you for watching today.
00:15Today's topic is the worst pandemic of all time, the top 10.
00:20Currently, the novel coronavirus continues to rage around the world.
00:31Looking back at history, humanity has faced numerous global pandemics.
00:41This time, we've ranked the pandemics that humanity has fought up to the present day.
00:48Number 10 is the Plague of Athens.
00:54This was a plague that broke out in ancient Greece in 430 BC during the Peloponnesian War.
01:02Although it has not been determined what specific infectious disease this epidemic was, such as hypertyphus, smallpox, or measles, it is believed to have been the plague.
01:16The plague is said to have killed 25 to 30 percent of the Athenian population.
01:24Number 9 is malaria.
01:29Although the disease occurs almost exclusively in the tropics, it is still a pandemic raging around the world.
01:39It is said that 200 million people are infected each year.
01:45It is caused by a parasite transmitted by mosquitoes, so drugs are not effective and a reliable vaccine has yet to be developed.
01:56Malaria is also cited as one of the reasons for the decline of the Roman Empire.
02:04Number eight is the Plague of Antonine.
02:09It was a plague that occurred in the Roman Empire between 165 and 180 AD, and is believed to have been caused by measles or smallpox.
02:22It was likely brought to Rome by soldiers returning from battle, and at the peak of the epidemic, approximately 25% of those infected died, with the death toll reaching as many as 5 million.
02:39This also included two Roman emperors.
02:46Number seven is typhoid.
02:48Typhus spreads rapidly in cramped, unsanitary conditions and has claimed millions of lives in the 20th century alone.
02:59It spreads explosively especially in war situations.
03:05It was also one of the major causes of death in Nazi concentration camps.
03:11However, the most famous example was the near-annihilation of Napoleon's army invading Russia, resulting in the deaths of approximately 400,000 French soldiers.
03:24In sixth place is cholera.
03:29Cholera, which is transmitted through contaminated food or water, has always been a very dangerous infectious disease throughout human history, with seven pandemics.
03:41The first pandemic occurred in India in the 19th century, killing approximately 40 million people.
03:50It then spread to Europe and America.
03:55Nowadays, thanks to advances in medical technology, death is rare if proper treatment is received.
04:06In fifth place is the third plague pandemic.
04:09It was the third major pandemic of plague, following the Plague of Justinian in the 6th century and the Plague of the 14th century, and began in China in the 1850s.
04:26It eventually spread to every continent, killing 12 million people, mainly in China and India.
04:34The pandemic that first began in China and spread worldwide is similar to the current coronavirus.
04:43In fourth place is smallpox.
04:45Smallpox is said to be the first infectious disease that humanity has successfully eradicated.
04:54During the Age of Discovery in the 15th century, European settlers brought it to the Americas.
05:01It is also known for causing devastating damage to the indigenous people.
05:07Similarly, it was brought to Central and South America by the Spanish, which impoverished the Aztec and Inca Empires and allowed them to be conquered by Spain.
05:21However, it was also a dangerous disease for the Europeans who brought it.
05:27It is estimated that 60 million people died in the 18th century alone.
05:32Number three is the Plague of Justinian.
05:39In Europe, it is being called the first and best pandemic on record.
05:46It originated in the Eastern Roman Empire around 541 AD.
05:52It is estimated that 100 million people died worldwide, with 10,000 people losing their lives per day at its peak.
06:03In the Mediterranean region, one in four people died at this rate.
06:10Also, because of this pandemic, the Eastern Roman Empire was unable to reconquer the territory of the Western Roman Empire,
06:18It was also a pandemic that changed the history of Europe.
06:23Number two is the Spanish flu.
06:28It broke out in 1918 during World War I and is considered one of the worst pandemics in human history.
06:40At the time, an estimated one-third of the world's population was infected, and the death toll reached 100 million.
06:49Contrary to its name, the disease actually originated in the United States, and due to information censorship during the war, the epidemic was concealed, leading to its spread to Europe.
07:03It was called the Spanish flu because news of the pandemic was only reported in Spain, the only neutral country during the war.
07:16Now, finally, number one.
07:21Number one is the plague, which was known as the disease that killed the nation.
07:26Perhaps the most famous pandemic in human history was the plague that ravaged Europe in the 14th century.
07:37It is said that between 75 million and 200 million people were killed at this time.
07:44According to recent research, the victims were roughly half of the entire population of Europe at the time.
07:54And the plague, ranked third and fifth on the list, broke out periodically and took many lives.
08:07What did you think?
08:09Although plague has claimed many lives three times in human history, there have been no recent major plague pandemics.
08:19However, like the current coronavirus, influenza-like and cold-like symptoms occur in major outbreaks every few years.
08:30The battle between humanity and the pandemic is expected to continue.
08:36Well, that's all for this time.
08:40See you again.
08:41Goodbye.
08:49Thank you for watching.
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