00:00You
00:15Hello and welcome.
00:20To Global Eye from the BBC World Service.
00:22Over the next half hour, we'll be bringing you our...
00:25...the very best in investigative journalism and reportage.
00:28I'm Katya Adler.
00:30I'm the BBC's Europe editor and I'm in Greenland to take a look at why Donald Trump is...
00:35...so keen to take control over this remote Arctic island.
00:40This president's threat to take Greenland by force has subsided for now.
00:45Though the details of a deal still need to be negotiated.
00:48Is the row another...
00:50...the other sign that the transatlantic alliance that's defined geopolitics for over a century...
00:55...is under threat like never before.
00:58Later in the programme we'll...
01:00...bring you an investigation into wide-scale abuse by Russia and other countries of...
01:05...the body that helps police forces around the world share intelligence and chase...
01:10...international fugitives.
01:11We've been given exclusive access to leaked documents...
01:15...which suggests Russia is using Interpol to repress government critics abroad.
01:20...to live with the red-scale abuse of Interpol, if you're a terrorist like Kusama Bin Laden.
01:25...to live with the red-scale abuse of Interpol, if you're a person...
01:27...for me, if you're a person...
01:28...for me, if you're a person...
01:29...for me, if you're a person...
01:30...for me...
01:30The child is on the ground of suicide.
01:35We also take a look at Bosnia-Herzegovina, a country scarred by horrific war.
01:40but where peace has held now for 30 years.
01:42We'll look at what lessons Europe can learn,
01:45and examine the impact of past conflict on a young generation ready to move past
01:50old divides.
01:55Bosnia-Herzegovina is a land of extremes, extreme cold, extreme distance from global economic...
02:00...centres and now extreme geopolitical significance.
02:04It is an...
02:05...island of ice, the biggest island in the world, though the population is pretty small here.
02:10Under 60,000.
02:12The island was first inhabited by Norsemen.
02:15In the Middle Ages.
02:16And when they died out, Inuit communities came here from North America.
02:20The Danes colonized this island in the 18th century, but since...
02:25...in 1979, it became a semi-autonomous territory with Copenhagen...
02:30...and maintaining control over Greenland's security, defence and foreign policy.
02:35In World War II, Greenland became a strategic outpost for US military bases.
02:40And it increased in importance during the Cold War, when America and Russia...
02:45...to face off against each other here in the Arctic.
02:48After the collapse of the...
02:50...soviet union though, Greenland faded in significance.
02:53It's vast now.
02:55All the natural resources lay untapped and trapped under the ice sheet here.
03:00But now, Donald Trump.
03:02He's put Greenland back in the crosshairs of global...
03:05...politics.
03:06We need Greenland for national security very badly.
03:09If we don't...
03:10...we don't have it, we have a big hole in national security.
03:13But why?
03:14What's so...
03:15...special about the Arctic island?
03:17Well, as the polar ice melts, potential...
03:20...and new shipping routes have opened up, which have raised the prospect...
03:23...of new economic opportunities in the Arctic.
03:25And new military vulnerabilities.
03:30The US, Russia and increasingly China have been exploring their options in the Arctic in an...
03:35...attempt to exploit these new opportunities and try to prevent others from doing so.
03:40So Greenland, with its untapped mineral wealth now potentially more accessible...
03:45...and with its historic economic and military ties to the US, has become a tempting...
03:50...prize for Donald Trump.
03:51They have a huge resource in rare earth.
03:55They tend to have relatively higher proportion or heavier rare earths, which are the...
04:00...most interesting and valuable ones.
04:02The challenge with these rare earth deposits, however, is the mineralogy.
04:05I mean, it doesn't mean it's impossible, but clearly there needs to be done some research.
04:10Donald Trump insists there's no economic motive for his need for Greenland, though.
04:15There's so much rare earth, and this to get to this rare earth, you got to go through...
04:20...hundreds of feet of ice.
04:23That's not the reason.
04:25We need it.
04:26We need it.
04:27We need it.
04:28We need it for strategic national security.
04:30And international security.
04:31This is consistent with a new doctrine in foreign...
04:35...policy that's come to define Donald Trump's second term in office.
04:39The US...
04:40President believes that America should be able to influence what's going on in its own backyard.
04:45It's...
04:45...the sphere of influence, if you like.
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05:13And that's symbolized by the United Nations, for example, or NATO.
05:17And it has really worried America's traditional allies.
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