- 1 day ago
While epidemics threaten farms, labs and breweries are making meat substitutes. Plus: sober bars in New York, gold prospectors in China and tokenization.
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00:05Factory farming means animals crammed into unnatural environments.
00:10Leading to dysfunctional behaviour and shorter lives.
00:15Recognisation of meat and dairy products means physical and psychological suffering.
00:19And also fosters the rapid spread of highly infectious viruses.
00:24And also fosters the natural diseases such as African swine fever.
00:27An outbreak in Spain has shown how effective...
00:29...action can curb such a crisis.
00:34Also on this edition of Made...
00:37...meat substitutes made by...
00:39...cabs and breweries.
00:41The sober bars reshaping New York's nightlife.
00:44How gold rush tourism is reviving mines in China and turning art...
00:49...into tokens.
00:54Cool
00:56So
00:57...
00:59...
00:59...
00:59Catalonia in Spain is home to as many pigs as people.
01:04Around 8 million. Pig farms feature prominently on the region's landscape.
01:09As does the smell. No surprise then that news of a swine fever outbreak.
01:14The panic caused the panic.
01:17We were hit hard.
01:19No other news has caused so much concern in recent years.
01:24The park where the infected wild boars appeared is now...
01:29Out of bounds. Authorities searched for further animals from the air and with...
01:34Dogs. Newly erected fences and closed off wildlife bridges and crossings...
01:39To curb animal movement. And incoming vehicles have been disinfected.
01:44Spain's first African swine fever outbreak in 30 years has financial implications.
01:49For the first time ever we've exceeded our fluctuation range for the...
01:54price of pork. Normally it's a maximum of 6 cents per kilo. We've reduced it by 10 cents.
01:59Bajamos 10.
02:01This is where Spain's major pork...
02:04Processors set prices. Since the outbreak they've dropped by 20%.
02:09Rosent Saltiveri is one of the firstborn owners...
02:12Robby.
02:14of many farmers feeling the impact. And that's despite his farm being located
02:19more than 100 kilometers from where the infected wild boars were found.
02:24At the moment, we're suffering significantly.
02:29There are significant additional losses due to this disease, so the impact is huge.
02:34It's especially hard because the sector itself is not responsible for what's happening.
02:39A situation that has not been the fault of the sector.
02:43It's affecting the sector.
02:44And jobs, too.
02:45According to media reports, 300 temporary workers at one...
02:49One of Spain's largest pork processing plants were laid off in December.
02:53The reason...
02:54An export ban.
02:55They couldn't deliver the meat that was...
02:59intended for third countries.
03:00The freezers were filling up, so they'd likely have to reduce slaughtering.
03:04Simply because there was nowhere to put the meat.
03:08We head to Marisa.
03:09Viola's fattening farm, which she runs with her son Alex.
03:13Our request...
03:14To take a peek inside the pig sheds was turned down.
03:17You in there?
03:18You in there?
03:19No.
03:20No.
03:21Why not?
03:22Biosecurity.
03:23Instead...
03:24Alex takes my camera in with him and reveals how things look across many of the...
03:29regions...
03:302,000-plus pig farms.
03:31Pork production makes up 10 percent...
03:34...of the region's economic output.
03:36And that doesn't include suppliers like...
03:39feed producers.
03:40This is a multi-billion euro business and one...
03:44that's been knocked sideways by a virus.
03:45That's been knocked sideways by a virus.
03:46That's been knocked sideways by a virus.
03:49African swine fever is a highly contagious disease that has devastating consequences.
03:54And currently no vaccine.
03:56And well, it's devastating.
03:57It's devastating.
03:58It's devastating.
03:59It's devastating.
04:00It's devastating.
04:01It's devastating.
04:02It is 100% fatal.
04:03There are still...
04:04many unanswered questions about how African swine fever entered Spain.
04:08Fortunately...
04:09it doesn't seem as aggressive here as it has been elsewhere.
04:13So far...
04:14the wild boars have not spread it far from the infection zone near Barcelona.
04:19Some people believe that the virus originated in this laboratory in the infection zone.
04:24Police have conducted searches and scientists from outside Spain are investigating.
04:29Crucially for the sector, so far at least, consumers don't...
04:34seem to have been put off.
04:35Some customers...
04:39have asked.
04:40But the slaughterhouses that supply us do comprehensive checks, so there's...
04:44no problem.
04:45And there are even fewer...
04:49concerns when it comes to the famous Iberico ham.
04:51For one, it comes from a completely different part of the world.
04:54Spain.
04:55Plus...
04:56Our ham is made from our Iberian...
04:59Pigs.
05:00These are products that have been in dry storage for years.
05:04For more than 15 years...
05:05With a bit of luck, Spain will recover quickly from the outbreak.
05:09Nonetheless, recent weeks have highlighted the vulnerability of Europe's largest...
05:14pork industry to a sudden and disruptive crisis.
05:19But does meat really have to come from farms?
05:24There are now plenty of lab-based alternatives to choose from, an especially attractive option...
05:29for products that are subject to constantly rising prices.
05:32Countless companies are joining...
05:34this in-demand market.
05:35But can synthetically produced foods match conventional...
05:39varieties on the taste front?
05:44The global appetite for chocolate keeps flowing and growing.
05:47But the price of cocoa beans...
05:49has been anything but sweet...
05:50soaring by up to 400% in just two years.
05:54With alternatives urgently needed...
05:56a Swiss company is turning to cocoa grown in bioreactors.
05:59Inside, cells multiply and later become the raw material...
06:04for chocolate...
06:05made on the shores of Lake Zurich instead of in Ghana.
06:08The challenge...
06:09for food brewer right now...
06:10is that it isn't making money yet.
06:12Approval is a long and expensive...
06:14process.
06:15Sticking it out with products that you...
06:19can't yet sell...
06:20is very difficult...
06:21if not impossible.
06:24For now, the company finances itself...
06:27with plant-based cocoa substitutes.
06:29The hurdles are even greater...
06:31when it comes to fake meat.
06:33Bioreactors...
06:34stake remains far from market ready...
06:36and some startups have already failed.
06:39a lot of people...
06:40like this...
06:41I personally don't...
06:42I personally don't...
06:43I personally don't...
06:44We expect to see cultivated meat products on the market in the immediate future.
06:49There are still various technical and biotechnological problems to be resolved.
06:54There's consumer acceptance and the legal side has to be carefully examined.
06:59In Pamplona, Spain...
07:04The tech startup Kokus is focusing instead on rethinking traditional meat.
07:09You can look at the form, and here I can change a few...
07:14...things.
07:15For example, more fat on the outside.
07:18More fat...
07:19...in the meat, the maturity, and I can also add omega-3...
07:24...or vitamin D.
07:29Kokus spent seven years developing its machine, scanning stakes in a...
07:34...t scanner to build the mathematical blueprint for recreating the cuts of meat.
07:39Now its first industrial system is ready.
07:42In seconds, it can create rational...
07:44...baches of bacon made from chicken meat and plant fat.
07:47And by the time it hits the pan...
07:49...it looks like this.
07:54This product has 30% less CO.
07:55This product has 30% less CO.
07:59...to 66% fewer calories.
08:02Plus, we can reach the 19%...
08:04...of the world's population who don't eat pork.
08:07.
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08:51Fish or meat.
08:52This approach ensures that slaughtered animals are used more efficiently.
08:56Back in Switzerland, Food Brewer has already produced its first chocolate.
09:01But does this spell competition for traditional cocoa fire?
09:06I promise.
09:07I love it.
09:08It's amazing.
09:09It's so...
09:10We're not going to...
09:11We won't be displacing any jobs because global demand for cocoa is so high.
09:16That with this technology, we only cover less than 1% of the international market.
09:21In fact, the company believes bioreactors...
09:26...to cocoa could even benefit farmers.
09:31There's less generational renewal in agriculture now.
09:35Farmers' children know...
09:36...no longer want to work in the fields.
09:38There are other opportunities.
09:40In this sense...
09:41...we're looking for ways to attract these children...
09:43...who were born in the age of technology...
09:45...to work...
09:46...to work in this kind of agriculture.
09:48Involucra...
09:49...to work in this type of agriculture...
09:51...if all goes according to plan...
09:54...coco from Switzerland could be being...
09:56...and turned into chocolate in the US within a year.
09:59In the EU, stricter approval...
10:01...rules mean it will take a few months longer.
10:06...meat substitutes can also be made from all manner of natural...
10:11...alternatives, of course, from soybeans, wheat, peas and other...
10:16...and vegan options are both better for the environment...
10:19...and often healthier.
10:21...a perhaps less likely source is waste from beer production.
10:25We see...
10:26...how malt residue is turned into meat-free sausages...
10:29...by one enterprising...
10:31...and brewery in north-east Germany.
10:36Once the beer has been drained from a brewing kettle...
10:39...this is what's left...
10:40...the crumbly...
10:41...residues of the malt...
10:43...what's known as spent grain or draught...
10:46...and...
10:46...now that by-product here...
10:47...at the Störtebecker Brewery in Stralsund...
10:50...is set to be...
10:51...used to make vegan meat substitutes.
10:54The Eat Beer offshoot is the brainchild...
10:56...of the owner's son.
10:58What this means is that we can make two products...
11:01...from one grain of malt.
11:02The brewer gets double the value...
11:04...from the same amount of raw material.
11:06...but you can't make meat substitutes from...
11:11...and spend grain alone...
11:12...so a fungus is added...
11:14...oyster mushrooms...
11:15...the...
11:16...so to these feed on the spent grain...
11:19...here in these vats.
11:21The result is a pulp comp...
11:21of high-quality proteins, which can be used as a basis for vegan nuggets.
11:26Meatballs or sausage meat.
11:29The brewers developed the pilot plant themselves.
11:31The plan is to go into series production and also sell systems to other businesses.
11:36We're getting a lot of interest from other breweries.
11:41Especially independent and medium-sized breweries in German-speaking countries.
11:46They've said they're keen to come along with us on the journey.
11:51That's because the German beer industry is in...
11:56...crisis with people drinking less of the amber brew and producers being forced to close down.
12:01Sturdebecker, too, is feeling the squeeze and is shifting its focus towards...
12:06...non-alcoholic alternatives.
12:08We produce a lot of non-alcoholic alternatives.
12:11We took the trend seriously 10 to 15 years ago and now around a...
12:16...a third of the bottles we sell are non-alcoholic.
12:19Over the next three to five years, half of our...
12:21...our beer will be alcohol-free.
12:23...our beer will be alcohol-free.
12:24Alongside the...
12:26...declining consumption, breweries are also hampered by high energy and raw material costs.
12:31The German Brewers Association advises looking for creative solutions.
12:36All the equipment is there.
12:40We're talking about...
12:41...fermentation.
12:42We're talking about qualified brewers who are capable of producing any beverage...
12:46...in the world.
12:47The know-how is there.
12:49The equipment, too.
12:50The demand is there.
12:51So, why not venture into new kinds of products?
12:54That has to be a recipe.
12:56...of a success.
12:57Such as meat substitutes made from spent...
13:01...and grain.
13:02But what about customers?
13:03Could they imagine buying vegan nuggets and sausages?
13:06...made from malt residue?
13:08...vegan products, especially...
13:11...when produced so sustainably...
13:12...and from Stürtebeke?
13:13Great!
13:14...and from Stürtebeke?
13:15Great!
13:16As long as they're alcohol-free?
13:17Sure!
13:18Why not?
13:19Probieren, ja!
13:20Yes!
13:21I would try them, but I'd be skeptical.
13:25But you can try anything.
13:26You can try everything.
13:27Eat Beer is still waiting to get the green light from the European...
13:31...Union.
13:32Only then can it put its vegan meat substitute on the market.
13:36In the meantime, though, the company is expanding its pilot plant...
13:39...in preparation for industrial...
13:41...scale production.
13:46Meanwhile, beer consumption is declining worldwide.
13:51One factor here is young people drinking less...
13:53...in connection with their healthier lifestyles.
13:56In the US, only 54% of adults now say they consume any alcohol at all.
14:010% beer is becoming increasingly popular as our bars...
14:06...offering exclusively booze-free drinks.
14:11In New York City, sober bars are on the right.
14:16...offering a new option for those who opt out of drinking.
14:19Hecate was the first of its...
14:21...opening in early 2022 as the city's first fully alcohol...
14:26...offering free bar.
14:27Its intimate, witchy vibe has since made it a favorite alternative to...
14:31...in traditional nightlife in the East Village in Manhattan.
14:34I typically just don't enjoy...
14:36...alcohol, so I'm going to an art opening...
14:39...where it's probably going to be a lot of like wine.
14:41Well served, and this was a nice way to relax right before it.
14:44I do go to regular bars, but...
14:46...I kind of like this...
14:48...because I just...
14:49...some days I just don't feel like drinking.
14:51For someone like me who can't drink alcohol at all...
14:54...for health reasons...
14:56...places like this are very important...
14:58...because they create a community...
14:59...but also create spaces where...
15:01...people like me...
15:02...that want to enjoy something delicious...
15:04...but I'll have to like commit or hurt...
15:06...with their health...
15:07...I drink a lot of health.
15:08Today, a handful of sober bars have emerged.
15:11...at a time when U.S. alcohol use...
15:13...is at its lowest levels in nearly 90 years.
15:16...according to a Gallic poll.
15:18At the same time...
15:19...non-alcoholic drinks are booming in the U.S.
15:21...with volumes of nearly 30% in 2023...
15:24...well ahead of low...
15:26...alcohol consumption...
15:27...and non-alcoholic beer...
15:28...is leading the way...
15:29...making up over...
15:31...80% of servings.
15:33Abby is the owner of Hecate.
15:34She also runs a traditional...
15:36...bar across the street.
15:38After growing concerned about...
15:39...how often people were coming in...
15:41...just to drink...
15:42...she opened Hecate...
15:43...as a different kind of social space.
15:45By day...
15:46...it's a cafe to supplement the money...
15:48...the bar makes on cocktails at night.
15:50It isn't a giant...
15:51...moneymaker...
15:52...it's more...
15:53...a labor of love.
15:54We're fortunate to have...
15:55...fairly inexpensive wine...
15:56...so that helps.
15:57We just...
15:58...charge what we think...
15:59...the market will dare...
16:00...and...
16:01...hope that people come in...
16:03...and pay the prices...
16:04...and that we are able to pay our bills...
16:05...at the end of the month.
16:06...but...
16:07...you know...
16:08...there's a lot of interest...
16:09...in it.
16:10Um...
16:11...you know...
16:11...google...
16:12...sober bars...
16:13...were the first one that comes up...
16:14...because we've been doing it the longest.
16:15Thank you so much.
16:16As a city's former nightlife mayor...
16:18...profitability comes down to the...
16:20...entrepreneur's own...
16:21...creativity.
16:22From what I understand...
16:23...it's certainly a challenge...
16:25...a lot of creative...
16:26...thinking needs to take place...
16:28...uh...
16:29...whether it be...
16:30...door...
16:31...charges...
16:32...or ticket sales...
16:34...um...
16:35...or...
16:36...higher priced...
16:38...non-alcoholic...
16:39...beverages...
16:40...that can...
16:41...match...
16:42...that.
16:43But even if a mocktail comes at a high price...
16:45...people at...
16:46...this bar...
16:47...are willing to pay for...
16:48...a well-curated experience.
16:51...a novel experience...
16:54...is also being sought...
16:55...by a great...
16:56...a growing number of...
16:57...Chinese tourists...
16:58...in this case...
16:59...gold.
17:00China's plans to...
17:01...insolidate its strategic...
17:02...resource reserves...
17:03...include developing...
17:04...its domestic...
17:05...mining industry...
17:06...tourists can now...
17:07...step back in time...
17:08...and visit...
17:09...old mining towns...
17:10...to...
17:11...pan for the precious metal...
17:12...themselves...
17:13...a new gold rush...
17:15...this...
17:16...this time driven by...
17:17...a surge in prices...
17:18...on the global market.
17:21...´s new gold...
17:22...s escrito...
17:23...OH efficiently...
17:24...oh...
17:25...podcast was the greatest...
17:26stream with scenic surroundings Weiwei sifts through sediments in her pan
17:31patiently in a swirling motion
17:36she's keeping her eyes peeled for tiny glittering specks of treasure
17:41in the process of sifting for
17:46gold from the sand you'll experience this joy a joy that stems from discovering treasure
17:51within the most ordinary sands of grain
17:56as gold prices have surged to record levels
18:01over the past year topping four thousand dollars per troy ounce tourists have been flocking
18:06to joeyan also known as china's gold capital
18:11the mining industry here is more than a thousand years old and to make the most of its heritage
18:16the region integrates industry and tourism to offer an immersive experience
18:21during this year's national golden week holidays chinese media reported
18:26received an average of nearly 40 000 visits per day
18:31policy makers are encouraging old mining towns like jiaoyan to develop
18:36experiential attractions so that they're less reliant on resource extraction
18:42after all gold is a finite resource that will eventually be
18:46much
18:46important Państwa seem to find out
18:58imperial family. Reports say China is also courting countries to storm
19:03war bullion within its borders to boost its position in the global financial system.
19:08It's part of efforts to establish a world that's less dependent on U.S. dollars.
19:13Gold has always been cherished by people. Everyone adores gold.
19:18And is eager to pursue it. We welcome friends from all corners of the world to our region.
19:23In the center of Zhou Yan is one of northern China's largest
19:28gold and silver distribution malls. Retailers line its multiple
19:33floors selling bullion bars as well as intricate jewelry and ornaments.
19:38While investors may be willing to chase surging gold prices, some businesses here are struggling.
19:43Last month China scrapped a long-standing tax rebate on...
19:48gold jewelry. The move is expected to boost government revenue.
19:53at a time when a sluggish real estate sector and weak economic growth are weighing on public...
19:58coffers. High prices definitely impact sales. It's simply...
20:03too expensive. She said she intended to buy more, but now fewer people are...
20:08considering purchases. Weak consumer sentiment hasn't helped either.
20:13thousands of retailers across the country have shut it in the past year.
20:18For Zhou Yan, the future may depend on a new kind of fortune.
20:23for a diversified economy beyond precious metal.
20:28For Zhou Yan.
20:33For Zhou Yan.
20:33If you're not hot on investing in gold around the world, an increasingly diverse.
20:38This range of objects are being converted into digital tokens, from art to memes.
20:43They're traded 24-7, often without traditional middlemen.
20:48Tokenization...
20:48Tokenization is making markets faster, cheaper and more accessible, but how exactly?
20:53Tokenization...
20:54Tokenization...
20:55Tokenization...
20:57Tokenization...
20:58Owning a slice of this, this, or this without...
21:03buying the whole thing?
21:04Sounds futuristic.
21:05It's called tokenization.
21:08Tokenization...
21:09Tokenization...
21:10Tokens and coins are not the same.
21:13Coins run on their own blockchains, a secure shared online record...
21:18system.
21:19They act as digital money and pay for network activity.
21:22Tokens are built...
21:23built on existing blockchains and can represent assets, access platforms, or even voting
21:28rights.
21:34If I put an apple pie in front of you, can you eat the whole thing?
21:37I don't think so.
21:38But if you slice it into eight slices, you can either have it in seven or eight days.
21:43Or you can give it to eight people and finish off so that doesn't get spoiled or stale.
21:46You have now tokenized the...
21:48Apple pie.
21:49In finance, tokenization means converting things like real...
21:53real estate, art, or infrastructure into tradable units.
21:58So, tokenization is...
22:00Tokenization is...
22:02Tokenization is...
22:03Tokenization is...
22:04Tokenization is...
22:05Tokenization is...
22:06Tokenization is...
22:07Tokenization is...
22:08Tokenization is...
22:09Tokenization is...
22:10Tokenization is...
22:11Tokenization is...
22:12Tokenization is...
22:13Tokenization is...
22:14Tokenization is...
22:15Tokenization is...
22:16Tokenization is...
22:17Tokenization is...
22:18Tokenization is...
22:19Tokenization is...
22:20Tokenization is...
22:21Tokenization is...
22:22Tokenization is...
22:23Tokenization is...
22:24Tokenization is...
22:25Tokenization is...
22:26Tokenization is...
22:27Tokenization is...
22:28Tokenization is...
22:29Tokenization is...
22:30Tokenization is...
22:31Tokenization is...
22:32Tokenization is...
22:08or when you were younger and used to write letters, you then move on to email.
22:13Email is the digital version of a letter in the same words tokenization.
22:18Email is the digital version of a share, a bond, or any type of asset.
22:23Tokenization makes assets easier to use.
22:28Email is the digital version of a share, a bond, or any type of asset.
22:33It makes the digital system more efficient and cheaper.
22:37And the market for...
22:38Tokenized assets is booming.
22:40Today, it's worth nearly 1 trillion euros.
22:43And in 2030, it's going to be worth over 10 trillion euros.
22:48But a rising market needs regulation.
22:54If we don't have standards, it's all going to be anarchy.
22:56Nobody will be able to really...
22:58Control the market.
22:59It's going to be a wild beast then.
23:00What we need now is bringing all these standards...
23:03everybody together.
23:04Again, it's not easy because everybody says, mine is the best.
23:08Why should I take another country?
23:10It's ego.
23:11Ego should be put aside.
23:13For the betterment of the financial and the digital world.
23:18Countries are moving quickly to regulate tokenization.
23:23The UAE and Europe already have rules in place.
23:26The UK, India...
23:28Singapore, and Switzerland have set up sandboxes.
23:31Controlled environments where companies...
23:33companies can safely test tokens.
23:38This is important because there are many different types of tokens.
23:41Utility tokens give...
23:43...to have access to services.
23:45Security represents ownership.
23:46Governance lets you...
23:48Uses vote.
23:49NFT certify unique assets.
23:51And stablecoins certify digital...
23:53money.
23:58For example, they say we are only 25% of Dubai, 75% of Dubai still to be built.
24:03And how you raise alternative finance, the best way is token because they accept it here.
24:08Regulations are in place.
24:10Tokenization is moving beyond niche markets into...
24:13Mainstream finance.
24:14What we are seeing at the moment is...
24:18Tokenization across the value chain.
24:21Investment banks...
24:23We are starting to build infrastructure to tokenize deposits or bonds.
24:27So I think it is happening.
24:28Across the entire ecosystem of material assets, of things you...
24:33You can...
24:34You can touch your own.
24:36But tokenization brings risk.
24:38Some old.
24:39Some new.
24:43If I could waste for anything, would be for regular...
24:48geography, certainty and harmonized.
24:53Certainty.
24:54Because I believe that in a world that is global...
24:58As financial markets are.
24:59As tokenization is.
25:00As tokenization is.
25:01As tokenization is.
25:02Not having harmonization.
25:03Not only will mean that it won't develop as quickly as it could...
25:08And we won't reap the benefits of it in their entirety.
25:12But we also put...
25:13Investors...
25:14At risk.
25:15Despite the uncertainties...
25:17Despite the uncertainties...
25:18The potential of tokenization is enormous.
25:21By 2040...
25:22By 2040...
25:23Because I personally feel...
25:24That more than 60% of the world's assets financial...
25:28And otherwise...
25:29Will be tokenized.
25:30Maybe not in 10 years...
25:31I'm going to be in 2030...
25:32Maybe not in 10 years...
25:33I'm going to be in 2030...
25:33In 2030...
25:34It may even replace...
25:35Financial markets as we know that.
25:38Okay?
25:39Oh no...
25:41If you want to interpret...
25:42All?...
25:43Exactly...
25:43And that's it for this edition of MADE. From animal epidemics and at-risk farms...
25:48...to lab-made food with a promising market.
25:51T-Total Cocktails in New York.
25:53And digital tokens that are shaking up the financial world.
25:57Take care.
25:58And see you next time.
26:03MADE.
26:08MADE.
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