Does The Earth Have A Pulse?

Live Science

Most major geological events in Earth's recent history have clustered in 27.5-million-year intervals — a pattern that scientists call the "pulse of the Earth."

Transcript

00:00Did you know that the Earth has a pulse? A geological pulse, that is.

00:05Most major geological events in Earth's recent history have clustered in 27.5 million year intervals,

00:13a pattern that scientists are now calling the pulse of the Earth.

00:17Over the past 260 million years, dozens of major geological events,

00:22from sea level changes to volcanic eruptions, seem to follow this rhythmic pattern.

00:28The authors say that geologists have wondered for a really long time

00:32whether there is a certain cycle of around 30 million years in the geological record,

00:37but until recently, poor dating of such events made the phenomenon really difficult to study quantitatively.

00:44In a new study, the researchers conducted a quantitative analysis to see if these events were random

00:50or if there was an underlying pattern to them.

00:54To do this, they first searched the literature and found 89 major geological events that occurred in the past 260 million years.

01:02These included extinctions, ocean anoxic events or times when the oceans were toxic due to oxygen depletion,

01:11sea level fluctuations, major volcanic activity called flood basalt eruptions,

01:17and changes in the organization of Earth's tectonic plates.

01:21Then, the researchers put the events in chronological order and used a mathematical tool known as Fourier analysis

01:28to pick up spikes in the frequency of events.

01:31They discovered that most of these events clustered into 10 separate times that were, on average, 27.5 million years apart.

01:40Though that number may not be exact, it's probably a pretty good estimate, the researchers say.

01:47However, they only looked at the past 260 million years when the dating of such events is most accurate.

01:54Still, they think the results likely extend further back in our planet's history.

01:59It's not clear what's causing such a pulse in geological activity, but the researchers have several hypotheses.

02:07It could be internally driven by plate tectonics and movement inside the mantle,

02:12or it could have something to do with the movement of Earth in the solar system and the galaxy.

02:18The researchers hope to get even better data on the dating of certain geological events

02:23plan to analyze a longer time period to see if the pulse extends further back in time.

02:29They also hope that if, one day, they can get better numbers on the astronomical movements of Earth through the solar system and the Milky Way,

02:36they can see if there is any correlation in the astronomical and geological cycles.

02:42In any case, if such a pattern exists, the last cluster was about 7 million to 10 million years ago,

02:49so the next one would likely come in 10 million to 15 million years.

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