- 1 ora fa
“Se non noi, chi?”: la commissaria UE non vede alternative al patto per il Mediterraneo
La commissaria europea Dubravka Šuica ha respinto le critiche secondo cui il nuovo patto per il Mediterraneo sarebbe un’iniziativa destinata al fallimento fin dalla nascita, a causa delle divergenze di interessi tra l’Unione europea e gli Stati arabi del Sud.
ALTRE INFORMAZIONI : http://it.euronews.com/2025/11/21/se-non-noi-chi-la-commissaria-ue-non-vede-alternative-al-patto-per-il-mediterraneo
Abbonati, euronews è disponibile in 12 lingue.
La commissaria europea Dubravka Šuica ha respinto le critiche secondo cui il nuovo patto per il Mediterraneo sarebbe un’iniziativa destinata al fallimento fin dalla nascita, a causa delle divergenze di interessi tra l’Unione europea e gli Stati arabi del Sud.
ALTRE INFORMAZIONI : http://it.euronews.com/2025/11/21/se-non-noi-chi-la-commissaria-ue-non-vede-alternative-al-patto-per-il-mediterraneo
Abbonati, euronews è disponibile in 12 lingue.
Categoria
🗞
NovitàTrascrizione
00:00Hello and welcome to the Europe Conversation, I'm Stefan Grober.
00:12My guest today is Dubravka Suica, EU Commissioner for the Mediterranean.
00:17And as a former mayor of the Croatian coastal city of Dubrovnik, she knows what she's talking about.
00:23Commissioner, thank you so much for coming on the show today.
00:26Thank you for having me today.
00:27So let's kick it off with the new pact for the Mediterranean that the European Commission presented a few weeks ago.
00:34What is the pact all about and why should we take it seriously?
00:39The pact is genuine pact, which means it's not only yet another document.
00:45It is a pact which we want to have with the southern neighbors.
00:49We already have different documents, agendas, so on.
00:52But this time we want to have a real partnership and we want to have these people as partnerships of equal,
01:00which means that we changed the approach this time.
01:03We asked these people and we consulted all 10 member states plus Gulf countries.
01:10And we didn't consult only governments, but also think tanks, academia, non-governmental organizations in order to have this pact.
01:20Because at one stage, people in the Mediterranean felt a little bit left behind because our highlight was on Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, Western Balkans.
01:32Yeah, you were just alluding to it that we're already 30 years ago with the beginning of the Barcelona process.
01:38Then was the union for the Mediterranean, the new agenda for the Mediterranean.
01:42None of these things yielded any sizable results.
01:46Why should we be looking forward to seeing something different now?
01:51We put people at the center.
01:54We consulted people.
01:56And we also we are talking about economies, how to invite European companies to invest in that part of the world in order to develop them.
02:07So we are changing paradigm.
02:10They are not only receivers of our donations, but we want to help them to develop their industries, to develop their countries and to open new jobs.
02:22By opening new jobs, we are somehow tackling root causes of migration.
02:28So we are opening legal pathways for those who want to come to Europe.
02:31But at the same time, we are opening new jobs for these young people.
02:36You know that I'm also in charge of demography, so it is very important to put demography in balance.
02:42You know that they are booming in that part of the world.
02:44We are shrinking here in Europe.
02:46So it is very important to balance this.
02:48So by having these people here in Europe, it's not to create brain drain there.
02:54It's to have brain circulation and it's to give opportunity for those who are skilled and who are educated to come here,
03:03but at the same time to stay in their countries and to develop their countries.
03:09It's in fact a completely new philosophy around the Mediterranean.
03:12You know that we need energy.
03:15You know that we want to change to renewable energies.
03:18You know that we want to decarbonize the region.
03:20So if we decarbonize the region from this side, France, Spain, Italy, Greece, Cyprus,
03:28but if we don't use the same standards in the southern part of the Mediterranean,
03:33then the sea and the Mediterranean region will be polluted again.
03:37So we want to, by doing all this, we have win-win-win-win situation,
03:43opening new jobs, developing these countries, decarbonizing the region.
03:48So everything is there?
03:50There are critics out there who have already said that this project is dead on arrival
03:55by pointing to the various countries that we're talking about here.
03:59So take Libya, for instance, where the Russians and the Turks are major players.
04:05Take Algeria, Lebanon, Tunisia, who haven't shown any interest in Europe.
04:09And then Morocco, with which Brussels is sort of at loggerheads over the Western Sahara.
04:15Don't we have too much on our plate here?
04:19Are these interests just too different?
04:21I can reply with counter question.
04:26Who, if we are not there, so who will be there?
04:30So we understand that there is China, there is Russia,
04:33there are countries who have interest in this part of the world,
04:36but Europe wants to be present.
04:38And we are saying that, you know, that we are always paying
04:42and we are the biggest payers to these countries.
04:46We don't want to be only payers.
04:47We also want to be players.
04:49And this is why we are changing now.
04:51Of course, it's not easy always, but we will do our best.
04:55You know that we have strategic partnership agreements with Egypt, with Tunisia.
05:00We signed one with Jordan.
05:02We are now just about to sign deeper strategic partnership with Morocco
05:06because they are our neighbors and we want to be present there.
05:11And this is what we have been doing.
05:12Of course, it's not always easy.
05:14So I won't say that the project is dead.
05:17On the contrary, we will, of course, not celebrate,
05:21but mark 30th anniversary of Barcelona declaration on the 28th of this month.
05:28And this will be the moment to present this back to 10 southern neighbors,
05:33but also to 27 European member states.
05:36So it's up to us.
05:38It's up to us.
05:39So Ursula von der Leyen has said that the Commission's goal is progressive integration.
05:45Now, that seems a bit distant today.
05:49Can you name a few very concrete things about why people should be excited about this?
05:59So, of course, it's not about integration,
06:01but economic integration could come out from our cooperation with them.
06:07So it's also about skills and education.
06:13One of the most important flagship projects for me would be Mediterranean University.
06:19What is my goal?
06:20My goal is, and the goal of my colleagues,
06:22is to establish alliance or network of Mediterranean universities,
06:27starting from Beirut to Alexandria, Fes, Marseille, Barcelona, Naples and Greece.
06:36So to have curricula on Mediterranean at the existing universities.
06:43So we don't want to build new premises,
06:45but we want to connect young people from the region
06:47by connecting young people,
06:50by studying about their background,
06:55about culture, heritage, about religion.
06:58We can come closer.
07:00And this is our main goal,
07:01because Mediterranean,
07:03we want to have Mediterranean as the bridge,
07:06not as the conflict zone,
07:07which is at the moment.
07:09So we want to change the situation.
07:12And this is exactly why we are turning our attention to the Mediterranean.
07:16It's not only Mediterranean,
07:17it's also Gulf countries,
07:19although they are not geographically Mediterranean,
07:22but we badly need Gulf countries to have,
07:24we need them on board,
07:26in order to have peace and security in the Mediterranean, of course.
07:29So this is something which we are trying to establish.
07:33which, of course, is also about migration.
07:36I don't want to shy away from migration,
07:39but we want to stop migration by doing this,
07:43by helping young people to develop,
07:47and by helping young people to be part of this process.
07:51There are many projects,
07:54for example, in Egypt.
07:56In Egypt, we pledged,
07:58European companies pledged,
08:00after we signed this comprehensive partnership agreement,
08:04we pledged 49 billion euros investments in Egypt.
08:09So the same goes for Tunisia.
08:11In Jordan, we are just about to start some projects,
08:14so this is something which is ongoing.
08:17Morocco, you mentioned Morocco versus Sahara,
08:19we found a solution,
08:21and we are on good terms with our colleagues in Morocco,
08:25and we are looking forward to deepening this agreement.
08:29Speaking of solutions,
08:30and let me now pivot to the Middle East,
08:32which is also part of the Mediterranean family,
08:34and I'm talking about, of course,
08:36the first meeting of the new group being established by the EU
08:40to support Palestinians,
08:42the Palestinian Authority,
08:44and the reconstruction of the Gaza Strip.
08:48Tell us about this group,
08:49who is in it,
08:51and what's happening next.
08:53First of all,
08:54you know that we are trying to strengthen the Palestinian Authority,
08:57and this is our main goal.
08:59This is the reason why we invested from 2021 to 2024,
09:031.3 billion euro,
09:05and now there is a new reform matrix program for this year,
09:10next year in 27,
09:111.6 billion euro.
09:14Of course,
09:14this money will be dispersed upon conditions.
09:18Of course,
09:18conditions are reforms which they are obliged to do.
09:21What we are trying to do,
09:23there will be a Palestine donor group,
09:25and it will be established by the commission,
09:27in co-ownership with the Palestinian Authority.
09:32So I will be chairing this group together with Mustafa,
09:36prime minister of Palestine.
09:38So Palestine donor group is a new platform
09:43where we will discuss their reforms,
09:46we will discuss what we can do to empower them,
09:50to encourage them to be stronger than they are at the moment.
09:55Of course,
09:55Hamas is out of question,
09:57we don't talk to these people,
09:58only to the people of the Palestine Authority.
10:00So there will be,
10:02at this moment,
10:03so far as I know,
10:04there will be 60 participants,
10:06all 27 member states,
10:08plus states,
10:10plus the region,
10:11and some other people who were invited
10:14from our partner countries and allies.
10:17So we will be trying to show
10:20that Palestine authority can at one point,
10:24or could at one point,
10:26take over some of the services in the country,
10:29not only in West Bank,
10:31but also later in Gaza.
10:32Now,
10:32the Palestinian Authority
10:34is a kind of a controversial body,
10:36if I may say.
10:37The Gulf states,
10:38for example,
10:39that you mentioned,
10:40they don't trust it.
10:42How do you get along with these guys,
10:44and how do you pressure
10:45the Palestinian Authority
10:47to implement reform,
10:51good governance,
10:52transparency,
10:53fight against corruption,
10:54et cetera?
10:55We need solutions.
10:57We have Hamas,
10:58we don't want to talk to Hamas,
10:59then we need some regular authority,
11:03which is Palestine authority for us.
11:05And as I told,
11:07the money which we are investing there
11:10is conditioned.
11:12And it's all the money
11:13which we pay for Palestine authority
11:15is done under Pegaz mechanism,
11:17which means that none or no cent
11:21is being disbursed without conditions.
11:24Reforms,
11:24reforms,
11:25and this is what we have been doing.
11:27So who,
11:28if we don't have them?
11:30So who will be in Palestine?
11:33We need someone,
11:34also Israel.
11:36They need someone to talk.
11:37So who will sit at the table
11:38once the situation allows?
11:43Who will sit at the table?
11:44Palestine authority
11:45plus Israel,
11:47but they need to be reformed.
11:50And this is our precondition.
11:53To say that the EU is divided
11:56over the Gaza situation
11:58is a kind of an understatement.
12:00So there are some countries
12:01that have recognized
12:02a Palestinian state,
12:04others haven't.
12:06Does that complicate your job
12:09and getting reconstruction going?
12:13Of course,
12:13it would be much easier
12:14if all of them recognize,
12:16but it won't change the situation.
12:19We have to reconstruct Gaza,
12:22but not only us.
12:23Europe cannot do it alone.
12:25This is why I said
12:26we need Gulf countries,
12:28but we also need
12:29the American administration.
12:30And this is something
12:31which we have to be
12:32open and clear on it.
12:34So now, as you know,
12:35we have this 20 points program,
12:37which means that
12:39we have to move forward.
12:41And this is the only way.
12:43Of course,
12:43we need Israel to have on board.
12:45We need them to release
12:47tax revenues for Palestine people,
12:49which is not the case.
12:51We need many different commitments
12:54also from Israel.
12:55Of course,
12:56they are not in favor
12:58of two-state solution,
12:59but little by little
13:00they need to say
13:01what do they want in the end.
13:03That ceasefire agreement
13:05that was established
13:06under the auspices
13:08of the Trump administration,
13:09stipulates a board of peace.
13:12Will the EU have a seat
13:13at that table?
13:16If we talk about fair play,
13:21then we should have a seat
13:23in this peace board for sure.
13:25Because as I said,
13:26we are the biggest,
13:28not only donors,
13:28but the biggest payers.
13:30And we are the ones
13:31who are involved.
13:33And they are our neighbors.
13:35We are the closest neighbors.
13:36So I think that we should
13:38have a place in this board.
13:40Which basically means
13:41Trump hasn't said,
13:42sit over here.
13:44Let's see.
13:46Let's see.
13:46Let's see.
13:47This will happen.
13:48Do you have,
13:48when talking about
13:49the reconstruction of Gaza,
13:50do you have an idea
13:51about the timeline,
13:52about the money
13:53that needs to be moved
13:56and invested,
13:57ballpark number?
13:58It was not by coincidence
14:00that Gulf countries
14:01are mentioned.
14:02So we need Arab countries,
14:04Gulf countries to be on board.
14:06We need them to invest.
14:07And I'm sure that they will do it.
14:10Of course,
14:11we will also do our part.
14:14But Europe cannot do it alone,
14:15as I told you.
14:17And we are looking forward
14:19to this ceasefire to hold first.
14:21If this ceasefire holds,
14:23then we can talk about reconstruction.
14:25and I think that there will be
14:28a lot of money
14:29from different world money,
14:33financial institutions
14:35who will come on board.
14:37It's also about World Bank.
14:38It's about European Investment Bank.
14:40It's about EBRD.
14:41So all institutions
14:43should be on board.
14:44Now, all of this can only work
14:46if Israel and Hamas
14:49respect the ceasefire agreement
14:51that we just talked about.
14:52And the most,
14:54I think the most crucial point
14:55here is the disarmament of Hamas.
14:58Will Hamas render the weapons?
15:01Do you see this coming anytime soon?
15:04I cannot tell you
15:06whether this will happen or not.
15:08But I think that this should happen
15:10because without laying down
15:12the weapons from Hamas' side,
15:15I don't think that there will be
15:17a ceasefire.
15:17So I'm sure that the world
15:20should pressure
15:21not only us for European Union,
15:23but also Americans
15:25should pressure Hamas to do it.
15:27Commissioner,
15:28you're also in charge of demography.
15:31And I've looked at the description
15:33of your official mission.
15:36And it says there
15:37that you're responsible for,
15:38and I quote,
15:39steering the implementation
15:41of the demography toolbox
15:43to help member states
15:44address their demographic challenges.
15:47So what is in your
15:49demographic toolbox?
15:51There is a lot.
15:53First,
15:53it's about women
15:54and families
15:56who should be in the labor market.
15:58When we talk about demography
15:59here in Europe,
16:00we talk from a competitive angle
16:02because we are not talking
16:04about birth race,
16:05mortality race,
16:06it's member state competence
16:07according to the treaty.
16:08but we have to,
16:11at this moment,
16:12there are 8 million European women
16:14who are not in the labor market
16:15because they have to take care
16:16about their kid
16:18or about their parent.
16:20So we want to have all women
16:22in the labor market.
16:23Second,
16:24we want to have all youngsters
16:26to be in the labor market,
16:27not anymore those
16:28not in education,
16:29not in employment,
16:33so-called needs.
16:34But the problem is
16:35that they have diploma,
16:37but their diploma
16:38don't match to the needs
16:40of the labor market.
16:43We have new jobs,
16:44digital jobs,
16:45artificial intelligence
16:47and green jobs,
16:48so they need to be adapted
16:50and this is the reason
16:51why we re-skill
16:52and up-skill them.
16:54Then there is a key problem
16:55which is
16:56if we retire too early,
17:00if we retire too early,
17:02we create brain drain.
17:03So this is also
17:04member state competence.
17:06You know what happened in France
17:07when they started changing
17:08this pension age,
17:10gilet jaune,
17:11from 62 to 64.
17:13But since we live longer,
17:15we live 10 years longer
17:16in the last 50 years.
17:18In Europe,
17:19we live 10 years longer,
17:20so we have to work longer.
17:21This is not very opportune
17:23for a politician to say,
17:24but this is something
17:25which we have to adapt
17:27to our life expectancy
17:30to the working age.
17:33And this is all our laws
17:35and our legislation
17:36is adapted only to 65,
17:3870,
17:39but not to 80,
17:4090,
17:40100,
17:41which is now the case.
17:42And when we use all these three,
17:44women,
17:45youngsters,
17:46and those who don't go early
17:48to retirement,
17:50we still need people
17:51in the European labor market.
17:53And then there is
17:54fourth pillar,
17:55which is legal migration.
17:58So human capital is precious
17:59and unfortunately,
18:01we miss this human capital.
18:03We have a projection.
18:04If each and every
18:05European woman
18:07in the next five years
18:08who is in a productive age
18:11would have five kids,
18:13I don't know
18:13whether it's biologically possible,
18:14but in five years,
18:15five kids,
18:17if this happens,
18:18these kids will be ready
18:20for labor market
18:21in 20 to 25 years.
18:24In the meantime,
18:25China,
18:26India,
18:27our allies in America,
18:28they are booming
18:29and European competitiveness
18:31is being decreased.
18:33And this is the reason
18:34why we badly need
18:36people and human capital.
18:37On this population decline
18:40in the EU,
18:41what are the reasons
18:43and are there
18:44regional disparities?
18:46There are regional disparities,
18:48but the reasons are
18:49sociological,
18:50there is no black and white reply.
18:58There are disparities,
18:59but there is no silver bullet
19:03to change this.
19:04So there should be
19:07a set of measures
19:08in order to change this.
19:10But as I told you,
19:11it can't be changed
19:13in a year or two.
19:15this is a long-term objective
19:18of the European Union.
19:20We have to work on it.
19:22Disparities,
19:23for example,
19:23if you look at
19:24the Baltic states
19:25in Finland,
19:27they have the lowest
19:28birth rate
19:29at the moment,
19:29although they are
19:30very rich,
19:32they have all standards.
19:33So it depends on women,
19:35it depends on their...
19:36I cannot reply
19:39to this question
19:41as I said
19:42in a white
19:42and black
19:43manner.
19:45I totally understand that.
19:47All right.
19:47Dubravka Suitsa,
19:49EU commissioner
19:49for the Mediterranean.
19:51Thank you so much
19:52for a great
19:52Europe conversation.
19:54Thank you for having me.
Consigliato
1:39
|
Prossimi video
Commenta prima di tutti