از ماسک‌های ونیزی تا گلدوزی‌های میائو: چگونه اروپا و چین قرن‌ها سنت صنایع دستی را حفظ می‌کنند
در ونیز و غرب هونان چین، هنرمندان صنایع دستی چند صد ساله را، از ماسک‌سازی گرفته گرفته تا گلدوزی میائو، زنده نگه می‌دارند و سنت را در دنیایی که به سرعت در حال مدرن شدن است، حفظ می‌کنند.
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لب بیشتر : http://parsi.euronews.com/2025/11/14/from-venetian-masks-to-miao-embroideries-how-europe-and-china-preserve-centuries-old-craf
مشترک شوید: یورونیوز به یازده زبان دیگر در دسترس شماست
00:05Once one of the richest places on earth for centuries, this floating city was the preeminent center for East-West Exchange.
00:12Something which may explain why Venice's most iconic symbol has distant and quite unexpected origins.
00:19Well, we think we discovered that the lion is Chinese.
00:22In western Hunan province, we'll explore a craft that's woven into the local fabric.
00:27The bride behind me is wearing a special Miao wedding dress.
00:30And in Miao culture, mothers weave their blessings into their daughters' wedding dresses.
00:35Every stitch is a cherished memory, each pattern a wish for the future.
00:40Welcome to Crossing Cultures. Join us as we explore the very best traditions of both China and Europe.
00:51Nothing really prepares you for the majesty of Venice.
00:54From its stunning architecture and picturesque canals to the sheer audacity of those who built it.
01:00But delve beneath the surface and there's a darker side.
01:04It's a story of power, seduction and sin.
01:08But also creativity, one that goes to the very heart of the Venetian soul.
01:13One place that vividly brings that story to life is Samarkana.
01:17For over 40 years, it has turned the centuries old craft of Venetian mask making into a true art form.
01:23Davide, what are you working on right now?
01:26Well, I'm creating a new mask.
01:28So, I have a negative form, I have this special kind of paper called wool paper that I'm going to combine in a certain way to register all the details of the mold, creating then the new positive mask.
01:43And is this the process that would have been used centuries ago?
01:47For sure, yes.
01:48People used to use the same technique.
01:50So, a negative form and a positive form made with a mask inside it.
01:55And how do you choose the designs?
01:57Are you guided by tradition or do you create new styles?
02:00Well, it depends.
02:01There are some masks that have certain iconographies.
02:05But then there are many masks that are, you know, fantasy based.
02:08Or they are inspired by books, by films and so on.
02:12Beautifully hand painted, many masks are playful.
02:16Others are slightly macabre and unsettling.
02:19The result is a wonderful, albeit weird world.
02:22But who wore them and why?
02:24Well, at the time of the Republic of Venice, in the past centuries, everybody could wear a mask.
02:30Nobles and commoners to hide their identity.
02:33Then there are other masks for carnival that everybody could wear as well.
02:37That could have been any kind of mask.
02:41Now, from this family of mask makers here in Venice, let's uncover another ancient craft in China.
02:49Igor, over to you.
03:00The Miao are one of China's oldest ethnic groups.
03:04In the misty mountains of western Hunan, they weave their stories in thread and collar.
03:09And their cultural myths have been Yay.
03:11It has been woken and went through the past three years.
03:12In walking, the mini-sunami shape, you have seen it.
03:14In the past, the miao-chi Audrey will make such a place of the ambient lore,
03:20and also its stories in the past.
03:22And at the moment, the miao-chiét is a miao-chiote.
03:24That's a younger one of Chinese men.
03:25It'll be like the miao-chiote.
03:26The miao-chiote is a miao-chiote daughter.
03:29It's been used to give a lot of life.
03:30The miao-chiote is the miao-chiote.
03:32The miao-chiote is a mian-chiote.
03:33And the miao-chiote is a miao-chiote.
03:34可能没有文字
03:35但会不会用这样的一个方式
03:37把自己的世界观 价值观
03:38会记下来和传承
03:40我们就用刺绣的方式
03:42会把就是这五千年当中
03:44迁徙的过程当中的
03:46一些重要的事件进行记录
03:48所以比如说
03:49我们在很多的这个苗族服饰上
03:52会看到有两道水的痕迹
03:55那两道水就是
03:56迁徙的过程当中
03:57我们经过的黄河和长江
04:00你比如说我袖子上
04:01这两道
04:02但是这两道可能到现在
04:04我们已经演变成
04:06并不是一道黄或者是一道绿色
04:10但是始终会有两道
04:12阿姨阿
04:14无奉阿姨阿姨
04:16苗绣在历史上
04:20我们的珍法有三百多种了
04:22但是随着社会的发展
04:24其实很多珍法失传了
04:26现在常用的也就六七种了
04:28In the苗 tradition
04:30A wedding dress may take three generations to complete
04:33A single thread runs through time
04:36Binding together the hearts of grandmother
04:39mother and daughter
04:40妈妈 and daughter
04:41Their hands move at different moments in life
04:43yet their stitches meet on the same piece of cloth
05:26So the red is actually the color festivity in China, so back in the day the the wedding dress was actually not white, it was red, because red was always like shining with with with happiness.
05:56Generations ago, the Miao people carried their embroidery into the mountains, preserving color and memory through time.
06:04Now through Yi Hua's hands, these threads of tradition journey outward again, sharing their story with the world.
06:12The tales of Venetian explorer Marco Polo, written some 700 years ago, are the first European account of the Orient.
06:32But to what extent were Venice's links already forged with the Far East in China, before his journey there?
06:39Could the city's symbol tell us more?
06:42Gilberto, what have you discovered?
06:44We think we discovered that the lion is Chinese.
06:47The original copper that was used for casting is from China.
06:52And what does this discovery mean for our understanding of Venetian history and Venice's connections with the wider world?
07:00Well, the lion was up there when Marco Polo left.
07:03He saw it up there.
07:04As a matter of fact, we think that, you know, given the aesthetics and the shape of the casting, it's probably of time period.
07:13So it goes back to at least 400 years or 300 years before Marco Polo left.
07:19Do we have any idea how it got here?
07:22No, but we know that the Silk Roads, not only the road ones, but also the maritime ones, were opened way before.
07:31So there were clearly exchanges to Southeast Asia and China.
07:36So made in China, but a very long time ago.
07:40Absolutely.
07:40From the wonders of Venice to the beauty of Hunan province, what a fantastic journey it's been through centuries of art and craft.
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