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Welcome to our deep dive into the Top 10 most dangerous criminals who were ever locked inside Alcatraz, America's most notorious maximum-security prison nicknamed "The Rock".

From infamous mobsters to ruthless killers, these inmates were so dangerous they were kept behind the walls of the Rock โ€” where escape was nearly impossible.

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Transcript
00:00President Trump has said he wants to reopen the infamous Alcatraz Island prison, but what
00:05is its history? Today we look at the top 10 most dangerous prisoners ever held in one
00:12of America's most feared and some say inescapable prisons nicknamed The Rock.
00:18If you enjoy these longer form videos then please remember to smash the like button to
00:22help this video rise in the YouTube algorithm. We have many more videos just like this one
00:27scheduled for the rest of the year. Number 10, Robert Stroud. Infamously known as the Birdman
00:34of Alcatraz, Stroud is by far the most famous inmate on the Island prison. In 1909, at age 19,
00:42he was convicted of manslaughter for killing a bartender in Alaska during a dispute involving
00:47his mistress. He was sentenced to 12 years at McNeil Island Federal Penitentiary in Washington
00:54State. Stroud's violent behavior continued in prison, leading to his transfer to Leavenworth
01:00Federal Penitentiary in Kansas in 1912. There in 1916, after being denied a visit with his brother,
01:07he stabbed and killed a prison guard in front of numerous inmates. He was convicted of first-degree
01:12murder and sentenced to death. However, after appeals from his mother, President Woodrow Wilson
01:17commuted his sentence in 1920 to life imprisonment in solitary confinement. While in solitary confinement
01:24at Leavenworth, Stroud discovered a nest with injured sparrows in the prison yard. He began caring
01:30for birds, eventually raising nearly 300 canaries in his cell. He conducted extensive research on bird
01:37diseases, writing and publishing two significant works, Diseases of Canaries and Stroud's Digest on the
01:44diseases of birds. His contributions to avian pathology were recognized by ornithologists and farmers alike.
01:51However, in 1942, prison officials discovered that Stroud had been using some of his bird-related
01:58equipment to produce alcohol. As a result, he was transferred to Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary,
02:04where regulations prohibited him from keeping birds. He spent six years in segregation in D Block and
02:1011 years in prison hospital. Despite the restrictions, Stroud continued his intellectual pursuits,
02:17authoring manuscripts on the US prison system, and in 1959, Stroud was transferred to the Medical
02:24Center for Federal Prisoners in Springfield, Missouri, due to declining health. He died there on November 21,
02:311963, at the age of 73.
02:33Number 9, Roy Gardner. Born in Trenton, Missouri, Gardner spent his early years in Colorado Springs.
02:41His criminal activities began in Mexico during the Mexican Revolution, where he smuggled arms to
02:47revolutionary forces. After being captured and sentenced to death, he escaped from a Mexican prison in 1909,
02:54when criminal career escalated in the United States. He became infamous for robbing US mail trains,
03:01and in 1920, he stole $80,000 from a mail truck in San Diego, marking the beginning of his series of
03:09high-profile robberies. Gardner's ability to escape custody earned him the nickname King of the Escape
03:16Artists. In 1920, while being transported to McNeil Island Federal Penitentiary, he overpowered US
03:23Marshals, handcuffed them and escaped. He was recaptured in 1921 after a nationwide manhunt,
03:30but by 1921, Gardner escaped from McNeil Island during a prison baseball game. He and two other
03:37inmates crawled through a hole in the fence and fled, though one was shot and killed during the escape.
03:43Gardner was transferred to Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary in 1934, where he joined other
03:49notorious criminals like Al Capone. Despite his reputation, Gardner was not known for violence,
03:55and was considered a model inmate. He worked in the prison's mat shop and even planned an escape
04:01with fellow inmate Ralph Rowe, though it was never executed. During his time at Alcatraz, Gardner
04:07authored an autobiography titled Helcatraz, detailing his criminal activities and experiences in prison.
04:14Gardner was released from Alcatraz in 1938 after a successful appeal for clemency. He attempted to
04:21transition into civilian life, working in various jobs, and even participating in a film about his
04:27life. However, his past continued to haunt him, and he eventually died from cyanide poisoning in 1940.
04:34Number eight, James Whitey Bulger. One of the most notorious American criminals of the late 20th century,
04:42James Whitey Bulger, infamous for his long reign as a Boston crime boss, and his decades-long fugitive
04:49status. Bulger led the Winter Hill Gang in Boston, dominating organized crime through the 1970s and
04:561980s, with his criminal enterprises including drug trafficking, extortion, money laundering, racketeering,
05:04and multiple murders. Bulger was implicated in at least 19 murders, though the actual number may be
05:11higher, and he was also an FBI informant for years, which helped him evade prosecution while eliminating
05:19rivals and expanding his power. After being tipped off about a pending indictment in 1994,
05:24Bulger went on the run and evaded capture for 16 years, becoming one of the FBI's 10 most wanted
05:31fugitives. He was finally caught in 2011 in Santa Monica, California, living under a false identity.
05:38Bulger was incarcerated in multiple high-security federal prisons, including the United States Penitentiary,
05:44Hazelton, and was moved to Alcatraz briefly in 1959, where he took part in weightlifting and took
05:51advantage of educational opportunities afforded to inmates. He completed various correspondence courses,
05:58including typing, bookkeeping, and business law, becoming a voracious reader, devouring numerous
06:05books on poetry, politics, and military history. He was transferred to Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary,
06:12and in 1963 to Lewisburg Federal Penitentiary. However, after his release, he would not see a prison
06:19cell again for 46 years. He was eventually convicted of 32 counts of racketeering and firearms possession
06:26in 2013. Leia being sentenced to, was sentenced to two terms of life imprisonment, plus five years.
06:34Bulger entered the Coleman II United States Penitentiary in Sumterville, Florida in 2014,
06:41was transferred to the Federal Transfer Center in Oklahoma City, and a few days later to the Federal
06:48Penitentiary in West Virginia. Bulger was transferred from the Federal Transfer Center in Oklahoma City to
06:54United States Penitentiary, Hazelton in West Virginia on October 29, 2018, but was attacked by multiple
07:04inmates and found dead. Number seven, Arthur Dock Barker. Involved in numerous high-profile crimes,
07:11including bank robberies, kidnappings, and murders, Arthur Dock Barker was part of the Barker-Karpis gang.
07:19Barker took part in some of the most audacious kidnappings of the era,
07:23including the 1933 kidnapping of Edward Bremer, for which the gang collected a ransom of $200,000.
07:31Barker was linked to multiple violent robberies and several murders during his criminal career,
07:37and gang's violent activities made them one of the FBI's most wanted during the early 1930s.
07:43Arthur Barker was first imprisoned in the early 1930s, but repeatedly escaped from jail until his
07:50final capture. After being captured again in 1935, he was sent to Alcatraz, which had just opened as a
07:57Federal Penitentiary in 1934, designed to hold the most dangerous criminals. Barker's time at Alcatraz was
08:05marked by his involvement in an escape attempt in 1939, when Barker and fellow inmates attempted to
08:12overpower guards. The plan failed, and Barker was fatally shot by prison guards during the incident,
08:19and saw Barker die on January 13, 1939, during the failed escape attempt. Barker's criminal legacy is
08:27tied to the violent crime wave of the Great Depression era, and the early rise of the FBI's
08:33efforts to combat organized crime. Number six, Frank Lee Morris. Best known as the mastermind behind the most
08:41famous escape attempt from Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary, an attempt that remains shrouded in
08:47mystery to this day, Morris had a long criminal history. Some of his crimes included burglary,
08:54bank robbery and narcotics possession, while he was known for being highly intelligent, with an IQ
09:00reportedly above 130. After multiple prison escapes and recaptures, he was eventually sent to Alcatraz in
09:081960 due to his high flight risk. While serving time at Alcatraz, Morris teamed up with Clarence and
09:15John Anglin, two brothers who were also inmates. Over the course of six months, the trio secretly dug
09:21through the walls of their cells using makeshift tools like spoons and a drill fashioned from a vacuum
09:28cleaner motor. They created lifelike dummy heads to place in their beds to fool the guards, and on June
09:3411th 1962, they escaped through a hole in the back wall of their cells, climbed to the roof, made their
09:41way to the shoreline, and launched a makeshift raft made of stolen raincoats. The official FBI report
09:49concluded that they most likely drowned in San Francisco Bay, but their bodies were never found.
09:55In 1979, the FBI handed the case over to the US Marshals Service, which still considers it an open
10:02fugitive case. Yet over the years, there have been alleged sightings, mysterious letters, and reports
10:09suggesting at least one of them may have survived. He remains a legendary figure in American criminal
10:15history and prison folklore, with the escape often cited as one of the greatest prison breaks of all
10:21time. Number five, John Anglin. John Anglin, originally from Donaldsonville, Georgia, grew up in a
10:27poor family and began robbing banks with his brother Clarence during the 1950s. The Anglin brothers were
10:33known for their non-violent bank robberies, often targeting closed banks at night to avoid harming
10:40anyone. In 1958, they were caught and sentenced to 20 years in federal prison, but after multiple escape
10:47attempts from other institutions, the brothers were transferred to Alcatraz, the most secure prison in
10:54the US at the time. There he reunited with Clarence and met Frank Morris, and the three began planning
11:00an elaborate escape over the course of six months. After the escape, no one knows for sure if they
11:07survived, yet a 2015 History Channel documentary showed age-progressed photos suggesting the Anglin
11:16brothers might have survived and fled to Brazil. Today, John Anglin remains one of the most enigmatic and
11:22fascinating figures in American prison law. Number four, Clarence Anglin. Clarence Anglin,
11:29originally from Georgia and raised in Florida, began robbing banks in the 1950s with his brother
11:34John. Captured in 1956 during a failed robbery, several escape attempts from other facilities saw
11:39him and brother John eventually transferred to Alcatraz. Alcatraz was designed to house the most dangerous
11:46and escape-prone prisoners in the US, but Clarence immediately began devising an elaborate plan
11:52to break free. The escape plan involved digging through the ventilation grates in their cells,
11:57using sharpened spoons and homemade drills, hiding the holes with cardboard and paint, creating lifelike
12:05dummy heads made from soap, toilet paper and real hair to fool guards, while constructing a raft and life
12:12vests out of over 50 raincoats. One of the largest manhunts in US history was launched after the escape
12:19attempt appeared to have succeeded, yet no bodies were ever found. The US Marshal Service still lists Clarence
12:26Anglin as a fugitive. Number three, Alvin Karpis. One of the most notorious American gangsters of the 1930s,
12:35and a key figure in the Barker-Karpis gang, which was responsible for a spree of robberies, kidnappings
12:42and killings during the Great Depression, Karpis was feared as being the longest-serving inmate on
12:48Alcatraz. Karpis began his criminal career in his teens, engaging in car theft and burglary before
12:55teaming up with the Barker family, including Mar Barker and her sons, to form the Barker-Karpis gang
13:03in the early 1930s. The gang gained national notoriety for robbing banks and trains across
13:10multiple states, while kidnapping wealthy businessmen for ransom, including William Hamm
13:16and Edward Bremer, both of whom were released after large ransoms were paid. Karpis was known for his
13:23intelligence, ruthlessness and planning skills, often taking the lead in organising the gang's operations,
13:30and was linked to at least ten murders, including law enforcement officials and informants. Karpis was
13:36designated public enemy number one by the FBI in 1936, the only person ever captured personally by
13:44J. Edgar Hoover, the FBI's director at the time. On May 1st, 1936, Karpis was arrested in New Orleans
13:52without a single shot being fired. His capture marked the end of the violent era of Depression-era
13:58outlaws like Dillinger, Bonnie and Clyde and Babyface Nelson. After his conviction for kidnapping,
14:05Karpis was sentenced to life in federal prison and transferred to Alcatraz in 1936. While imprisoned,
14:13he was considered a high-risk but model inmate. He reportedly taught himself to play the guitar,
14:19and even gave guitar lessons to a young Charles Manson in the early 1960s. When Alcatraz closed in 1963,
14:27Karpis was moved to other federal prisons and was paroled in 1969, having spent more than 30 years
14:34in prison. After release, he was deported to Canada, then later settled in Spain, where he lived quietly
14:41and wrote his memoirs before passing away of natural causes in 1979. Number two, George Machine Gun Kelly.
14:50Another one of the most infamous gangsters of the 1930s. His violent nickname and reputation were well
14:56known, but his most well-known crime was actually a kidnapping and not a string of murders. Kelly
15:03started his criminal career as a bootlegger during Prohibition and eventually escalated to bank robbery
15:09and kidnapping. He acquired the nickname Machine Gun after reportedly using a Thompson submachine gun
15:15during robberies, though some say the nickname was mostly hype, pushed by his wife Catherine Kelly
15:22to boost his criminal persona. His most infamous crime was the 1933 kidnapping of oil tycoon Charles
15:30Urschel in Oklahoma City, and the gang demanded and received a $200,000 ransom. Urschel cleverly left
15:38behind clues during captivity, such as fingerprints and background noise, which helped the FBI locate
15:45the kidnappers. Kelly and his wife were arrested on September 26, 1933 in Memphis, Tennessee and
15:52allegedly shouted, don't shoot G-men, a phrase that helped popularize the term G-man or government man
16:00for FBI agents. Both George and Catherine were tried and convicted in federal court. George received a
16:07life sentence for kidnapping. In 1934, Kelly was sent to Alcatraz, becoming one of its first and most
16:14famous inmates. Yet, despite his tough nickname, guards and inmates viewed Kelly as non-violent and
16:22mild-mannered in prison. He served 17 years at Alcatraz where he worked in the prison laundry and was
16:29considered a model prisoner, later transferred to Leavenworth Penitentiary in Kansas. George Machine Gun Kelly
16:36died of a heart attack on July 18, 1954, inside Leavenworth at the age of 59.
16:44Number one, Al Capone. Considered to be the most famous gangster in American history, Capone,
16:50also known as Scarface, was widely associated with brutal gang violence and organized crime in Chicago
16:57during the Prohibition era. Al Capone rose to power in the 1920s as the head of the Chicago Outfit,
17:05a powerful criminal organization involved in bootlegging, illegal gambling, prostitution rings,
17:11murder for hire and gang warfare. Capone was ultimately imprisoned not for murder or racketeering,
17:18but for tax evasion, yet is widely believed to have ordered the St. Valentine's Day Massacre in 1929,
17:25which saw seven members of a rival gang were gunned down in broad daylight. Despite his violent reign,
17:31law enforcement couldn't directly connect him to violent crimes due to a lack of witnesses and evidence.
17:38After years of investigations, the federal government charged Capone with income tax evasion in 1931.
17:44He was found guilty on five counts and sentenced to 11 years in federal prison,
17:48fined $50,000 and ordered to pay court costs and back taxes. He began serving time in Atlanta,
17:55U.S. Penitentiary in 1932, but was later moved due to corruption and special treatment. In 1934,
18:04Capone was transferred to Alcatraz shortly after it opened to prevent him from using his influence
18:10to manipulate the prison system. He became inmate AZ-85 and the isolated location, strict rules and
18:19highly controlled environment made it impossible for Capone to maintain his criminal empire. While
18:25there, he worked in the laundry room and suffered from neurosyphilis, which caused a rapid decline in
18:31his mental and physical health. By 1938, Capone's health had deteriorated significantly. He was confused,
18:39erratic and no longer considered a threat before he was transferred to Terminal Island Prison in
18:45California in 1939 and released in 1938 1940. After release, he lived quietly at his Florida estate
18:54and died in 1947 at the age of 48 from complications of syphilis and a stroke, with his life today the
19:02subject of countless books, documentaries and films.
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