Oynatıcıya atlaAna içeriğe atla
Aksiyon vTv
  • 2 gün önce
Tiwiti10.com
Döküm
00:00In just one milliliter of the liquid it's passing through these never-ending pipes are two billion forms of life.
00:08Not only are they responsible for producing 70% of the oxygen that we all breathe,
00:13but these microorganisms also represent the future of farming.
00:30For over 10,000 years, humanity has tilled, planted, and harvested.
00:48And by doing so, we've reshaped landscapes and civilizations.
00:54From the first wheat fields of Mesopotamia to the mechanized harvesters of the 20th century,
01:00every leap in agriculture has meant one thing, and that is, feeding more people with less land.
01:07Today, nearly eight billion mouths depend on barely a third of the world's arable soil.
01:13Even more alarming is that this is a resource that's shrinking with every drought, flood, and paved-over city.
01:22The Green Revolution gave us fertilizers, irrigation, and greater yields.
01:26But it also gave us runoff, overuse, and dependency.
01:32The next revolution won't come from the field at all.
01:36It's moving indoors, into cities themselves.
01:40Urban centers are learning to feed their own, turning basements, rooftops, even shopping malls into farms.
01:47And at the heart of this transformation lies a new kind of agriculture, one built entirely on technology.
01:56This is CEA, or Controlled Environment Agriculture.
02:00We can compare this to glass greenhouses, which are the most technological ones.
02:09They are actually very similar, but with greenhouses, you are still open to external factors, such as climate, also pests.
02:20You have to control pests, manage pests.
02:25It's called pest management.
02:27In here, it's totally closed, and we can control each factor with high precision.
02:34So this is like an upgraded version of a technological greenhouse.
02:40Here, light, humidity, and temperature are scripted like a symphony.
02:46Every crop has its own recipe, from nutrient flow to the precise hue of light.
02:52Not everything can grow here, but what does, grows perfectly.
02:58It's like you're stepping into the future rows of lettuce, arugula, and kale.
03:03Well, here's the catch.
03:05Down here, there's no soil, no sunlight, and the seasons, well, they don't really matter.
03:11But every leaf of green that's grown here is done under a controlled environment,
03:15which means that sunlight has been replaced by red and blue wavelengths of light,
03:19and data has replaced instinct.
03:22What used to depend on weather and luck, now is controlled by algorithms and sensors.
03:29In a vertical farm, there's no waiting for the weather.
03:32No pests, no waste.
03:34Everything is controlled.
03:35Crops grow faster, they last longer, and taste the same all year round.
03:42One way of putting it is that it's agriculture without uncertainty,
03:47and the person who makes sure of that certainty is plant manager Ebru Yilmaz.
03:52We regularly conduct tests for both taste and nutritional content.
03:58When we look at the nutritional composition of our products,
04:01we see that they contain all the essential nutrients.
04:06In outdoor farming, plants have to compete with other plants in the soil,
04:10which can sometimes reduce their nutritional value.
04:14But here, our plants don't face such competition.
04:17We can feed them exactly as we intend to,
04:20ensuring full nutritional value and excellent taste quality.
04:25But can these futuristic farms feed the world,
04:31or are they still vanity science projects?
04:34Behind every leaf of lettuce is a business model,
04:38and every farm needs to prove it can survive the market.
04:42At Plant Factory, co-founder Halil Beş kardeşler believes it can.
04:47The restaurants need fresh product, like leafy greens, fruit, that kind of product.
04:53And their main problem is,
04:54that kind of products depend to the weather conditions.
04:59And because of weather conditions, product quality is not stable.
05:04So, one company came one day and said that
05:08365 days we will give same quality product,
05:12because we don't care about the climate situation.
05:15So, this is the first benefit for them.
05:19It's standard quality product.
05:22And secondly, from my previous example,
05:26and because of very short transportation period,
05:31we don't have wastage.
05:33When the restaurants, we called Horeca, Otel Cafe and Restaurant,
05:37when they get the product,
05:38100% they can use inside of the package.
05:42So, you don't need to wash three times
05:45and separating the failed product
05:49and putting on the plate.
05:51So, they need to face that kind of extra cost.
05:55So, with our product,
05:57let's say in vertical farm product,
05:59they don't have that kind of problem.
06:01Do you collaborate with the end users,
06:05the restaurants and other players in the Horeca sector
06:10in terms of your harvest production and their needs?
06:14Is there an overlap there?
06:16We have some special products.
06:18For example,
06:19even I didn't know for five years ago,
06:22Pak Choi,
06:23it's a Chinese lettuce.
06:25And one Chinese restaurant chain asked us,
06:28they have a huge problem for to supply that product
06:33because they need it.
06:34And we just make four months R&D for the product.
06:37We found the seeds,
06:38we tested and everything.
06:39So, we started to produce for them only.
06:43Commonly, it's demand coming from the restaurants
06:46like lettuce, like kale, like basil,
06:49like purple basil.
06:50But some products, it's a special.
06:53We need a volume
06:54and we can check we can produce or not.
06:56So, it's a little bit different game.
06:58As farming moves closer to the city,
07:01the countryside is changing too.
07:03Traditional growers are now using technology
07:06to make nature more resilient.
07:08The Uzbaş Arboretum,
07:10just outside of Izmir in western Turkey,
07:12stands as a bridge between past and future.
07:16It's where trees are grown to withstand drought
07:18and sensors quietly monitor their health.
07:22It's proof that technology doesn't replace nature,
07:24it actually helps it adapt.
07:27I listened to my heart and I said,
07:30sometimes don't listen to your business mind,
07:35just buy it that I bought it
07:36and I didn't know what to do really.
07:38and the land was kind of empty,
07:42but huge,
07:44surrounded by pine forest.
07:48Then I decided to produce landscaping plants.
07:53Pine trees, olive trees, cypress trees,
07:56these are all very indigenous of this region,
07:58but everyone around the world is talking about sustainability.
08:03And I see that you're actually maybe transitioning
08:07or you have been transitioning
08:08into sort of plants
08:11and they can live in more harsh conditions.
08:15It's very difficult to actually have sustainability at scale.
08:20But from what I've seen,
08:21you're able to accomplish this.
08:23Where do you think farming is going
08:25and what can larger farms learn from the direction
08:28that you've been heading in the last 10, 15 years?
08:30First of all, there is a really huge problem of global warming.
08:37We can feel it every single year, every single day.
08:42And that's why we are more focused on producing kind of desert plants,
08:48low-water-needed plants,
08:51hardy plants.
08:55For example, I believe that there will be no grass
08:58in the next 10 years
09:00because grass is,
09:02you need a lot of water for grass.
09:05Also, we need technology
09:07because it's getting harder and harder
09:09to find ordinary people
09:12to work on the field
09:14who can drive the tractor,
09:16who can make pruning,
09:17who can make grafting.
09:20It is so easy to find an agricultural engineer.
09:25Everybody wants to be an engineer,
09:27but nobody wants to drive a tractor.
09:30So having good technology is definitely needed.
09:35For thousands of years,
09:37agricultural work was done strictly on the ground.
09:40But that's changing as we look to the skies.
09:44Drones are becoming the new tools of cultivation.
09:47They're mapping stress levels,
09:49spotting disease,
09:50and protecting leaves before damage begins.
09:53We've seen how technology is reshaping
09:57how we grow food and how we treat water.
10:00The skies are the new frontier,
10:02with a farmer not here on the ground,
10:05but up in the air.
10:06Here in Urla,
10:07a company called DroneCube
10:09is taking agriculture to new heights
10:12by using drones and artificial intelligence
10:15to scan, measure,
10:16and essentially decide what happens next.
10:19It's farming without the farmer.
10:22These drones don't just fly.
10:25It might be scary,
10:27but they also think.
10:29Cameras and AI spot the earliest signs of disease,
10:32often invisible to the human eye.
10:35To see how it all works,
10:37we met up with Murat Mardin,
10:38the co-founder of DroneCube.
10:40This Turkish startup specializes in autonomous drone systems
10:44for precision agriculture.
10:47What we are trying to do here is to do this end-to-end system,
10:52provide this holistic tool for the farmers
10:55so that they can couple AI anywhere,
10:57any mission they like,
10:59and use it to detect the diseases,
11:01pests,
11:01or any type of anomalies
11:03in a farm setting,
11:05or even the industrial stuff around the farm as well,
11:08like the PV panels,
11:09you know,
11:09solar PV panels.
11:10So the AI plays a critical role in our system,
11:14but we also created the AI marketplace inside it,
11:17because we know
11:18we cannot reach all the problems in the world,
11:21and we can only develop something,
11:23but some other people can also provide
11:25some other AI solutions,
11:27and when we couple them
11:28so that we can reach to better problems
11:32and try to solve them,
11:34you know,
11:34getting the help from the other AI models and everything,
11:37the value is from the detection,
11:41utilizing AI,
11:42and also doing the treatment under one goal.
11:45So that's the biggest value proposition
11:46that we make to the farmers.
11:48I'm excited to check it out.
11:49Can you show us how it works?
11:50Yeah, yeah, yeah.
11:51I would love to.
11:52You know,
11:53it's like,
11:55as I told you,
11:55the cleaning robot that you have at your home,
11:58you just go to the page,
11:59schedule the thing,
12:01and then it goes and does its jobs autonomously,
12:05comes back to the box,
12:06and then uploads its photos,
12:09so that you can couple them with AI to detect diseases.
12:13And on this specific farm,
12:14we are working with some of the biggest problems
12:18in wine farming,
12:19such as mildew.
12:20There are some different types of mildews,
12:23but it's basically a fungi disease.
12:26And, you know,
12:26a couple of years ago,
12:27it was an epidemic in Turkey.
12:29So some of the farmers lost their full yields.
12:32And now our system can detect the mildew
12:35with 80% accuracy.
12:37And hopefully you will get to see it
12:39a live demo today,
12:41detecting the disease
12:43and showing the pinpoint location
12:44of where it starts
12:45and where it goes
12:46and so on.
12:47In terms of treating
12:49a disease like mildew,
12:51which can be fatal for vineyards,
12:54it also brings
12:56a certificate of authenticity
13:00in terms of,
13:01you know,
13:03this plant has been treated
13:04for this disease
13:05at this amount of medicine was used.
13:07Yeah, it's going to go now.
13:12But such a nice question.
13:13Let me pick it up
13:14from where you left off,
13:15you know,
13:15because I think I got the point.
13:17So the traditional agriculture,
13:20they are just trying to prevent.
13:22They are not working as it
13:24like using tools
13:25like decision support systems
13:27or anything like that.
13:28So to be able to get rid of the disease,
13:30they spray to the whole field here.
13:32What we are trying to do
13:34is monitor the origins
13:36and do a tactical operation
13:38rather than this preventive approach.
13:41So when you do it
13:42in a tactical wise,
13:43you spend less water,
13:44less chemicals.
13:45You do it in a,
13:47you know,
13:48more optimized fashion
13:49so that I can use my drones
13:52in that sense
13:53in a relatively smarter way.
13:55I don't run them
13:56to the whole field.
13:57I just run them
13:58to the places that I need.
14:00But my tool gives
14:01the ability to create
14:03this almanac type of a thing
14:05that I can,
14:05you know,
14:06day by day,
14:07year by year,
14:08season by season,
14:09field by field,
14:10parcel by parcel,
14:11I can watch what happens
14:13to track of it,
14:14you know.
14:16So this is gonna go
14:18and do the inspection now.
14:20Take the photos,
14:22then upload to the system
14:23and the AI will run
14:24and it will influence the model,
14:27show us the leaves
14:28with the disease and problem
14:30so that we have a sheet map
14:32of the disease
14:33in that parcel.
14:36Okay,
14:36we've flown the drone.
14:38Now it's time to see
14:39what the data tells us.
14:41For that,
14:41we met with the other half
14:43of the brother duo,
14:44Ouz Mardin,
14:45the company's CTO.
14:46So what we do,
14:48a user goes over the field.
14:50This is our POC customers field.
14:53So what we do,
14:54we go over here
14:55and edit our field,
14:57define the corners
14:58and with that,
15:01we will be able to
15:02collect mapping missions
15:04and collect this stitched map
15:06like this.
15:08Okay.
15:08So after getting this data,
15:11we are able to
15:12draw some features over it.
15:15So on this field,
15:17we are able to define
15:19where we want to inspect.
15:21So our photo alignment engine,
15:23our own software,
15:25finds where the drone
15:27needs to be
15:28to get the perfect photo.
15:31When you send a mission
15:33to the drone,
15:34you will be collecting
15:35data like this.
15:38So like the robots
15:40at your home,
15:41you need to go over here,
15:44create a new task,
15:45surveying machine,
15:46select the future group you want,
15:49top parcel,
15:50maybe bottom parcel,
15:52then where you,
15:54when you want it to be,
15:55a minute later
15:56or daily,
15:58weekly,
15:58monthly,
15:59whatever,
16:00then save it.
16:01Then the system
16:02calculates,
16:05executes,
16:06inspects,
16:07then predicts
16:08where the diseases
16:10are coming from,
16:13pointing them
16:14and it is also
16:16doing the screen operation.
16:18So basically,
16:18this is an end-to-end pipeline.
16:21It's a 20-C solution.
16:22Yeah,
16:22exactly.
16:24So what we do,
16:25we select the mission,
16:27the photos,
16:28then we select the AI
16:29we want to use,
16:31then we can see,
16:32okay,
16:32this was a chlorosis,
16:34by the way,
16:35which is a
16:36nutrition deficiency.
16:40so it is
16:42showing you
16:43where the
16:45possible chlorosis
16:48on the field.
16:50Okay.
16:50So we know,
16:51okay,
16:52this row,
16:53this section
16:54has a malfunction
16:55or like malnutrition,
16:57whatever,
16:58so that our users
17:00can go over there
17:01and inspect
17:02if they want
17:03or we can directly
17:04go over there
17:05to spray the
17:05required amount
17:07of nutrition
17:08over there.
17:09The climate crisis
17:10isn't a future scenario.
17:12It's already
17:13rewriting the rules
17:14of food.
17:16Farmers are breeding
17:16crops that sip
17:18rather than drink water.
17:20But on the coastlines,
17:22another crisis
17:23is unfolding.
17:25The oceans
17:25have always fed us,
17:27but the sad reality
17:29is that they're changing
17:30faster than fish
17:31can adapt.
17:32Rising temperatures,
17:33plastic pollution,
17:34even acidifying waters
17:36are turning
17:36open sea farming
17:38into a fragile gamble.
17:40So solution
17:41may no longer
17:42lie out there,
17:43but right here
17:44on land.
17:47The key
17:48is imitation,
17:50recreating
17:51the balance
17:52of nature,
17:53but in this case,
17:54inside closed systems.
17:57A couple hours north,
17:58but still on the
17:59Aegean coast,
18:01a company called
18:01Aquatec
18:02has built Europe's
18:03largest such facility
18:05where water
18:06is cleaned,
18:07reused,
18:08and cycled
18:08endlessly.
18:10And at the helm
18:11is owner
18:12Güngör Muhtarodo.
18:13In recent years,
18:16especially after the
18:17pandemic,
18:18we've been witnessing
18:18significant pollution
18:20in our seas.
18:21This is mainly due
18:22to the sharp increase
18:23in phosphates
18:24and nitrates,
18:25which has led
18:25to a massive rise
18:26in algae
18:26and consequently,
18:28contamination.
18:29The situation
18:30raises concerns
18:31about the future
18:31of our fish populations.
18:33What will things
18:34look like 10 or 15
18:35years from now?
18:36That's why we're
18:37gradually feeling
18:38the need to move
18:39our operations
18:40onto land.
18:41But that's not
18:42the only reason.
18:42There are certain
18:43fish species,
18:44such as flatfish,
18:46that live on the
18:47seabed and are
18:48extremely difficult
18:49to farm at sea.
18:50These species
18:51can only be
18:52cultivated on land.
18:54At the same time,
18:55our ability
18:55to maintain better
18:56control over conditions
18:57will increase
18:58significantly.
18:59Finding workers
19:00and divers
19:01is getting harder
19:02every year,
19:03and managing conditions
19:04at sea isn't easy.
19:05There's also the
19:05issue of wildlife.
19:07Birds, dolphins,
19:08and other sea creatures
19:09struggling to find food
19:10approach us more
19:11frequently.
19:12For all these reasons,
19:13we decided to move
19:14our operations
19:15onshore.
19:21When you look
19:21at this facility,
19:23you're using
19:24advanced recycling
19:27and recirculating
19:29water systems.
19:31Tell me
19:32why this is important
19:34in what you do.
19:35We first approach
19:40the system
19:41from a biological
19:42perspective.
19:43Whatever exists
19:44in the sea,
19:45we try to replicate
19:46it on land.
19:47In other words,
19:48instead of expecting
19:48nature to adapt
19:49to us,
19:50we wanted
19:51to adapt
19:52ourselves to nature.
19:54And the only way
19:54to do that
19:55is through high technology.
19:57If you want
19:57to raise healthy fish,
19:58they need limited
19:59exposure to bacteria
20:01and microorganisms,
20:02just enough
20:03for their immune
20:03systems to strengthen.
20:05Our goal is to raise
20:06fish that can thrive
20:07even when released
20:08into the open sea.
20:10That's why
20:11the foundation
20:11of our system
20:12is recirculation
20:13and it allows us
20:15to operate
20:15using very little water.
20:18This is in fact
20:19the main principle
20:20behind our move
20:21to land-based farming.
20:26If it weren't
20:27for the filters
20:27and pumps,
20:28this land-based model
20:29wouldn't be possible.
20:31And that technology
20:32comes from Mott Kuling,
20:34the company building
20:35the backbone
20:35of this new
20:36blue-green industry.
20:38As the world
20:39looks inland
20:40for its seafood,
20:41companies like this
20:42are proving
20:43that sustainability
20:44is an engineering
20:45challenge
20:46as much
20:47as an ecological one.
20:49And leading
20:50that effort
20:50is general manager
20:52Tanar Viljic.
20:53Now,
20:54we've just visited
20:54one of
20:55a sector
20:57that's actually
20:58play a very dominant
20:59role in that indoor
21:01fisheries,
21:03inland fisheries.
21:04And a lot
21:04of these equipment
21:05play a vital role
21:06in actually setting
21:07up that system.
21:08Tell me what you have
21:09here under this room.
21:10We have a lot.
21:12Right now,
21:13I can easily say
21:14that we have,
21:14for example,
21:15here a protein skimmer
21:16that removes
21:17the organic material
21:18from the water.
21:20We have UV disinfection
21:22housing
21:22to decrease
21:24the bacteria population
21:25in the water.
21:26We have the gas tower
21:27to strip the carbon dioxide
21:30out from the water
21:31because the fish,
21:33of course,
21:34they are different
21:35than us,
21:36but they are still alive
21:37and they need
21:39clean environments.
21:40They don't like ammonium.
21:41They don't like carbon dioxide.
21:43They want oxygen.
21:44And to sustain
21:47all these parameters
21:48in the water,
21:49we have an equipment.
21:51So that's why
21:51we call ourselves
21:53as a one-stop
21:54RAS manufacturer.
21:56RAS means,
21:56in this case,
21:57recirculated aquaculture systems
21:59which is the future
22:00of the seafood production.
22:02Tell me what you're doing
22:03as MAC Cooling,
22:04the vital role
22:06that you play
22:06in terms of
22:08the sustainability
22:09of water
22:10and the food
22:11that we get
22:12from water
22:13but how this
22:13technology
22:15is actually
22:16developing as well.
22:17This technology
22:18every day,
22:19every year
22:19is developing itself
22:22because
22:22requirements
22:23from the industry
22:26is changing.
22:29Now,
22:29there are new regulations
22:30in many parts
22:31of the world.
22:32For example,
22:33we do
22:33our main
22:35business area
22:36is Nordic countries
22:37and Norway.
22:38so we can see
22:41that every year
22:43we have
22:43strict regulations
22:45to use
22:46the water
22:47in minimum way.
22:48So this creates
22:49challenge to technology.
22:51So one day,
22:52one year,
22:53you are trying
22:54to ensure
22:55that carbon dioxide
22:57is minimum
22:57in the water
22:58and you have
22:58oxygen-rich environment
23:01for sake of fish
23:03and the other year
23:04you find yourself
23:05to decrease
23:06phosphat,
23:08nitrate
23:08discharge
23:10of the facility.
23:12So all these
23:12requirements
23:13bring as a load,
23:15engineering load
23:15to design
23:16and produce
23:17specific equipment
23:18for specific
23:19upcoming needs.
23:21Where do you see yourself
23:22in about five years' time?
23:23The land-based
23:24aquaculture production
23:26is growing
23:26and there will be
23:28many farms
23:29all over the world.
23:30In Norway,
23:31in Saudi Arabia,
23:32for example,
23:32we have multiple
23:33projects in Norway
23:34and at the same time
23:35we have multiple
23:36projects in Saudi Arabia
23:37and we expect
23:39an exponential growth.
23:41One example
23:42that you gave
23:43is Norway.
23:43The other example
23:44that you gave
23:45is Saudi Arabia.
23:46I mean,
23:46these could be
23:47sort of at the opposite
23:48ends of the spectrum.
23:50One is very rich
23:51when it comes
23:52to aquaculture.
23:53One receives
23:54little or no rain
23:55throughout the year.
23:56Exactly.
23:57And this just tells you
23:59how much demand
24:00there's going to be.
24:01Exactly.
24:02And this also
24:02shows the power
24:04of the land-based
24:05aquaculture
24:05and RAS.
24:07Because,
24:08you know,
24:09there is a COVID
24:11issue
24:12a few years ago.
24:13We forgot it
24:15quickly,
24:16but we had an issue
24:17that time.
24:19And it was not only
24:21a health crisis,
24:22it was also
24:23a food crisis,
24:24you know,
24:25because the countries
24:27had problems
24:28that time
24:28to reach
24:30food for their people
24:31because of the
24:33border issues
24:34and trade issues,
24:35etc.
24:35And it's a good
24:37example that
24:38Saudi Arabia
24:38learned a lesson
24:40from this crisis
24:41and now they are
24:42focusing
24:43to produce
24:45their own
24:45seafood
24:46in Saudi Arabia.
24:47They want to
24:48produce their own
24:48salmoneid,
24:49they want to
24:49produce their own
24:50trouts,
24:51other types of
24:51PK production.
24:53And that's where we are.
24:56That's where we are going
24:57to be in five years.
24:58We are going to be
24:58with them
24:59to help them
25:00to produce
25:01their own food.
25:02And we will do
25:03with same in Denmark,
25:04same in Turkey
25:06and maybe same
25:07in the United States
25:08very, very closely.
25:10Water and soil
25:11once served
25:13as the cradle of life.
25:15But the undeniable reality
25:16is that they're both
25:18under stress.
25:19More people,
25:20fewer resources,
25:22and the more we take,
25:23the less the earth
25:24can give.
25:26From plants
25:27that are grown
25:27under LED lights
25:29to fish raised
25:30in recycled water
25:31to drones
25:32farming from the skies.
25:34The story of agriculture
25:35is being rewritten
25:37as we speak.
25:38Technology is not only
25:39changing what we grow
25:40but also how and where.
25:43The farmer's field
25:44is now a laboratory.
25:47In the race to feed
25:47a hotter
25:48and more crowded planet,
25:49innovation isn't just
25:50an option.
25:51It is the very soil
25:53that our future
25:54will grow from.
25:55Well, that's it
25:57for this edition
25:57of Next Tech.
25:58I'm Ali Janayyandar
25:59and we'll see you next time.
26:02I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:03I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:04I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:05I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:06I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:07I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:08I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:09I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:10I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:11I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:12I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:13I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:14I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:15I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:16I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:17I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:18I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:19I'm Ali Janayyandar.
26:20I'm Ali Janayyandar.
İlk yorumu siz yapın
Yorumunuzu ekleyin