00:00So get this. If someone managed to uncoil all the DNA in the human body, it would stretch out to around 10 billion miles.
00:09Hey, do the math. That's twice the distance from Earth to Pluto.
00:12And that's not the only awesome thing our body is capable of.
00:17Trillions of nerve connections are powering your memory non-stop.
00:20According to studies, after looking at 2,500 images for a mere 3 seconds,
00:26most people can recall if they have seen these pictures with 92% accuracy. Wow.
00:32Your body glows, emitting tiny amounts of barely visible light.
00:37This glow is the product of biochemical reactions going on inside your organism.
00:41The light waxes and wanes throughout the day.
00:44But even though it is visible, you can't detect it with the unaided eye.
00:49From 1 to 6 pounds of your body weight is made up of bacteria.
00:53And from 100 million to 1 billion bacteria can live on just one tooth in your mouth.
00:59So please brush.
01:02It's impossible to take your food without saliva.
01:05All because the chemicals in your food must be dissolved in saliva before they get detected by your taste buds.
01:11Even though it sounds like a myth, eating too many carrots can indeed turn your skin orange.
01:17Carrots have high amounts of beta-carotene.
01:19That's a compound that can cause keratinemia.
01:23If you have too much of this compound in your bloodstream, it'll hold on to parts of your body with thicker skin.
01:28I'm talking about the soles of your feet, your knees, elbows, palms, and even certain areas around your nose.
01:35But worry not, this condition is not dangerous.
01:38You can easily reverse it by decreasing the amount of beta-carotene-filled foods you consume.
01:43The chin muscles, scientifically known as the mentalis muscles, look pretty quirky, giving us mixed feelings.
01:51Just look at these creepy tiny tentacles.
01:54And still, they make it possible for us to create all kinds of facial expressions that involve the lips, chin, and cheeks.
02:01And yes, they are the culprits behind those weird wrinkles and crevices on the skin of your chinny-chin chin.
02:07All because these muscles don't pull on themselves, but yank on the skin.
02:13Now, people can live without some organs, leading a normal life.
02:16The human body consists of singular organs and those that come in pairs.
02:20And speaking of the latter, you only need one of those to survive.
02:25Your small intestine is actually not so small.
02:27It's taller than you, measuring around 23 feet.
02:30Now, the cornea, that transparent front cover on your eyes, doesn't have any blood supply.
02:37Instead, it receives oxygen directly from the air.
02:41Human beings develop their unique fingerprints very early in life, while they're still embryos, just three months after being conceived.
02:48By the way, even if fingerprints get badly damaged, they tend to grow back to their original pattern.
02:55All people are born with a diving reflex.
02:57It can get activated and shut bodily functions if one is drowning or is submerged in the water.
03:04The human brain is by no means smooth.
03:07But if you decided to flatten all those wrinkles covering it, the brain would be the size of a pillowcase.
03:12But not as useful.
03:14Newborn babies only blink once or twice in a minute.
03:18For comparison, a grown-up person blinks at least 10 times within the same time.
03:23Our lungs are the only organs that can float on the water.
03:26All because they're made up of around 300 million balloon-like structures called alveoli.
03:31Also, even if we're perfectly healthy, our lungs are never completely germ-free or sterile.
03:38Your nose is a superhero.
03:40It's your very own heater, filter, and humidifier.
03:43This organ is lined with tiny bone-like shells called turbinates.
03:47They contain blood vessels capable of heating the air and goblet cells that can help humidify the air.
03:53Also, the air you breathe gets filtered in your nose before going further to your lungs.
03:59Now, every time you eat something, your esophagus, the organ your food travels through to reach the stomach,
04:05moves in a series of wave-like contractions, pushing the food forward.
04:09This is known as peristalsis.
04:12There's a bond between your digestive system and your brain, the gut-brain axis.
04:17This is why stress or brain issues can affect the way your body digests food.
04:22Now, even though hiccups are typically harmless and resolved by themselves after a couple of minutes,
04:27they aren't exactly pleasant.
04:29So, you should probably know that they might occur because of changes in temperature.
04:34The density of your brain increases throughout your whole life.
04:38All because new neural connections pop up.
04:41They appear because the structure of the brain keeps changing too.
04:44If you don't want to sneeze, press the skin on the bridge of your nose with your fingers.
04:50When you do it, your brain receives an alarm signal.
04:53Very quickly, it puts the brake on all those other processes, including the sneezing reflex.
04:58By the way, studies have found that sneezing is your nose's way to reset.
05:03A sneeze reboots the cells that line the inside of your nose.
05:07They're called cilia.
05:08The part of your brain that's responsible for vision is in the back of your head.
05:14Interestingly, the right side of your brain controls the vision on the left side, and vice versa.
05:20If you're in some loud place, for example, in a club or at a concert,
05:24close your ears to better hear your friends.
05:27Push the tragus, which is that pointy skin-covered cartilage in front of the ear canal,
05:32into your ear.
05:33Then, turn this ear toward your friend.
05:35On average, when a person snores, the sound doesn't get louder than 60 decibels.
05:41That's as loud as a regular conversation.
05:44But sometimes, the noise level can reach 80 decibels.
05:47That's as loud as a working food blender.
05:51Just like salamanders regrow their tails, humans might be able to regenerate cartilage.
05:56That's the rubber-like stuff surrounding your joints.
05:59Scientists have recently discovered that cartilage could repair itself.
06:02This process is likely to be the most effective at the ankle,
06:06not that effective in the knee, and the least effective in the hip.
06:11Now, if a person has asnosmia, which is also called smell blindness,
06:15they don't distinguish and detect smells.
06:18Your eyes never stop moving while taking in visual information.
06:22Otherwise, you wouldn't be able to see the whole picture.
06:25These movements go unnoticed because your brain is a great video editor.
06:30It stabilizes the images and connects tons of fragments into one smooth video.
06:36The liver is the only human organ that can regenerate completely.
06:40Even if it's a mere 25% of the original liver weight,
06:43the organ can get back to its full size.
06:46Your mouth burns when you're snacking on pineapple,
06:50because while you're eating this fruit, it's eating you back.
06:54Well, kind of.
06:55Pineapple is the only known food that contains bromelain.
06:58That's an enzyme that breaks down proteins.
07:01Luckily, your stomach acid knows how to deal with the offending enzyme.
07:05Now, we also have bacteria that can produce electricity living in our intestines.
07:10These bacteria give off electrons, which creates tiny electrical currents.
07:14This might be the bacteria's way to generate energy.
07:19Deja vu might actually be something like a brain processing lab.
07:25There's a theory claiming that it might happen
07:27when your brain is moving information from one part to another.
07:32If there's even the tiniest delay in that process,
07:34your brain will get the same information twice.
07:37In this case, it'll process it as an event that happened before.
07:41The DEC2 gene mutation allows people to have just a few hours of sleep a night
07:46and still feel great.
07:48They don't get tired and never sleep in.
07:51On average, such people wake up at 4 or 5 a.m.
07:54No more than 5% of the world's population has this feature.
07:58Your ears might pop or even hurt when you're on an airplane.
08:03You can solve this problem by simply chewing some gum.
08:07This opens up your eustachian tube.
08:09That's a small passage that connects your throat and your middle ear.
08:13Opening this passage helps equalize the pressure in your ears
08:16and puts an end to the popping.
08:18You can also yawn to open up the eustachian tubes.
08:20Your feet are likely to become bigger with time.
08:24Just like your nose.
08:25And your ears.
08:27You see, when people grow older,
08:28ligaments and tendons in their feet weaken.
08:31This makes the arches flatter
08:32and the feet become wider and longer.
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