00:00Eye, eye, space. Eye, eye, eye, space.
00:30Big News, 1957.
00:48CBS News now presents the Big News of 1957.
00:53The events that made history during the year.
00:56The songs and words that made Big News in 1957.
00:59Reported and placed in perspective by the staff of experienced CBS newsmen
01:04who covered these events as they happened, where they happened.
01:09Now, here is your narrator, Blair Clark.
01:12This is the sound of 1957.
01:19The sound of a new era for mankind.
01:22The age of space.
01:25Russia's satellite whirling in its orbit around this earth.
01:28Sending out of the October skies its message.
01:31A message of triumph in man's struggle to conquer his physical environment.
01:36And a message of grave warning for the Western world.
01:39The beep-beep of Sputnik 1, followed four weeks later by the different tone of the Haftman satellite called Sputnik 2,
01:47was 1957's greatest surprise and shock to the United States.
01:52For it meant that the Soviet Union had leaped ahead of us in the field of rockets and missiles.
01:57It was striking evidence of a great change in the balance of power between East and West.
02:04Americans were worried.
02:05How did it happen?
02:07And how could we restore the balance?
02:09George Herman tells the story.
02:11This was to have been the great year for America's rocket and missile men.
02:15We were to have proved to the world that mankind was taking another giant step forward and upward,
02:21and that America was the vanguard of mankind.
02:23And then...
02:25Those are the sounds which roused us from our dream.
02:31It was already a troubled sleep because the Russians had claimed during the summer
02:35to have successfully tested the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile.
02:40Then on October 4th came those simultaneously thrilling and frightening beeps,
02:44followed by these words from Radio Moscow.
02:47I read notes of intent to work by research to produce anti-watt.
02:52The first artificial aircraft in the world have been in three years.
02:58This is...
02:59The first artificial aircraft in the world have been in three years.
03:29Just how much really valuable information the Russians gained
03:32from the death of the spacecraft in Sputnik 2.
03:35The major gain in world scientific information as a result of the Earth satellite program
03:39of the International Geophysical Year
03:41came from still another Army satellite, Explorer No. 3,
03:46launched at Cape Canaveral March 26th.
03:505, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0.
03:55A tiny tape recorder in Explorer 3 brought the world the first word of the deadly belt
04:06of intense radiation, now called the Van Halen belt,
04:10after the Iowa scientist who devised the scientific instruments used to detect it.
04:15Meantime, the Air Force, under direction of the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Pentagon,
04:21was preparing an attempt to reach the moon.
04:23An experiment to find the upper limit of the Van Halen belt
04:27was worked into the pioneer lunar probes of the Air Force.
04:30The first of the Air Force's three probes was another depressing failure.
04:35The second was not exactly a success, but made history nevertheless.
04:395, 2, 1, 3, 0.
04:44And that's Arrow now still sitting on the launching pad.
04:46We should see a hitch in.
04:47There it is.
04:48There's the player.
04:48America won't rocket her rocket into the air.
04:50It begins to rise out of the cloud.
04:52See now, she's climbing rapidly up into an orange cloud of the sky.
04:55First big white blade at the bottom.
04:57Here comes the roar of the sound of outer space.
04:59All the players are now, and I have a silent fire of the fire of the sky.
05:03It's all going to attack the moon rocket, right on up into the air.
05:06In the meantime, the Air Force, on the Air Force, the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Pentagon,
05:12was preparing the scientific history to function properly.
05:15An experiment upon the upper limit of the Van Halen belt was worked as the pioneer lunar probes of the Air Force.
05:21On December 6th, the Air Force's three probes caused another depressing failure.
05:25Second was the general, which was not 67.
05:29I am not less.
05:30It's single scientific score.
05:32It worked throughout the rise of all the Army's control.
05:35At that arrow now, we know that we're going to want to expand because they're the air.
05:38The Air Force, the Air Force, the Air Force, the Air Force, the Air Force, the Air Force, the Air Force.
05:41And he gets the rise out of the cloud control.
05:43Now, climbing rapidly up into an orange cloud with the sky.
05:46Big white blade at the bottom.
05:48Here comes the roar of the child's louder space.
05:50We had said goodbye to our families.
05:53We had said goodbye to our families.
06:19Our tall, slim spaceship gleamed in the floodlights
06:23like a gigantic silver bullet aimed at the sky.
06:26This would be man's first journey to the moon.
06:30Four of us were going.
06:31At the last moment, our radio man fell sick,
06:34and my young son Tony was going in his place.
06:37The airlock closed behind us.
06:45Buckle yourselves down securely, men.
06:47The starting acceleration will squeeze us like oranges.
06:51Start the gyros.
06:53Everything ready, General Thayer, Sweeney, Tony?
07:01Count off for firing.
07:03Five, four, three, two, one, fire!
07:11Tony, right now!
07:13The acceleration will break your back!
07:17What's happening, Daddy?
07:19I can't move!
07:20We'll be on the tour.
07:29You see, out here in space, there's no way to anything.
07:38We've reached out to space, men.
07:41You can take off your safety belts.
07:43Now I know how a bullet feels when it's fired out of a gun.
07:48Hey, what's going on?
07:50I'm floating around!
07:53Now I'm walking on the sailor!
07:57Hey, Dad, pull me down!
07:59Well, the Earth is like a gigantic mess, isn't it, Frank?
08:04Frank Borman says, Roger, we saw it.
08:07We saw it light up.
08:08We saw it shut down.
08:10The shot was aborted, but three days later, it lifted off on schedule,
08:14and five and a half hours after that,
08:16the four astronauts in two spacecraft were close enough
08:18to look through the ports and see each other as they flew nose-to-nose.
08:22We're just flying nose-to-nose, maximum 60 feet apart.
08:32Roger.
08:33We can very clearly see the right scanner's hovering.
08:39Roger.
08:40Yep.
08:42At one point, Shira saw a strap hanging from the Gemini 7 capsule.
08:48Okay, we'll be on to a group of a toilet.
08:50And so it went on as the two craft flew around each other
09:16with the spacemen talking and snapping pictures.
09:19If the accomplishments of the United States in space during 1965
09:23seem to recall the days of Buck Rogers,
09:26even they seem to pale alongside the flurry of reports
09:29of unidentified flying objects, or as some call them, flying saucers.
09:34The reports came from many places throughout the Mid and Southwest,
09:38like this report from Deputy Sheriff Everett Tucker of Wellington, Kansas.
09:41We had a call out of Wichita says it had been confirmed on these objects,
09:45and the wife and I were out on the roof,
09:47but we didn't see this object to the east.
09:50And it was a big round light, you know,
09:53and there was vapor going out the back,
09:56but it looked like fire or not.
09:57Produced and directed.
09:58Space officials called it ridiculous.
10:10But was it mass hypnosis, overactive imagination,
10:14an experimental spacecraft, or a new military weapon?
10:17Was it theirs or ours?
10:19Or was it really a visitor from outer space?
10:21Who's to know, with all that happened in 1965,
10:25almost anything is believable?
10:27We might call a few names here,
10:30but it was just many beautiful days for the new authorities.
10:31THE END
11:01THE END
11:31THE END
11:33THE END
11:37THE END
