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  • vor 4 Monaten
Wird die EU-Mercosur-Partnerschaft zustande kommen?

Das Partnerschaftsabkommen zwischen der EU und dem Mercosur sieht die Schaffung der größten Freihandelszone der Welt vor. Es hat 25 Jahre gedauert, um ein Abkommen zu erreichen, das nun zur Ratifizierung vorliegt.

LESEN SIE MEHR : http://de.euronews.com/2025/09/16/wird-die-eu-mercosur-partnerschaft-zustande-kommen

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00:00Musik
00:01The EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement foresees the creation of the world's largest free trade zone.
00:20It took 25 years to reach an agreement that is now on the table for ratification.
00:26However, the process that the European Commission has put in place is being challenged by several
00:32sectors.
00:33There are also a few member states highly skeptical of the deal, like we will reveal in this EU
00:40Decoded.
00:41Mercosur is a South American trade bloc comprised of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.
00:48The agreements with the EU will create a market of 780 million consumers, representing 25
00:56percent of world trade.
00:58Many European products now pay high export tariffs to the Mercosur bloc, such as cars
01:04, wine and spirits up to 35 percent, cheese 28 percent, machinery up to 20 percent.
01:14With the deal, those tariffs will be eliminated or significantly reduced.
01:19Farmers, environmentalists, some groups in the European Parliament and a few member states
01:25oppose the deal.
01:26We will explore this later in the programme, but let's hear what some Europeans think.
01:31In fact, they are in competition with the French industry and its agriculture, with the
01:36South American agriculture industry, which produces with different norms and has a lot of
01:42lower cost.
01:43On the other hand, you can't have the sovereign food rights and on the other hand sacrifice
01:47the peasants and peasants.
01:49That it is good, because our partners on the world, with whom we always have so good
01:54trade trade in the world, the things are not so clear as before.
01:58But I think it is also geregelt, that it is, let's say, from the landwirtschaft the same
02:02concerns as we have here our landowners.
02:06Euronews reporter Peggy Corla is an expert on trade policy.
02:18To ratify this agreement, which is both commercial and political, the European Commission proposes
02:25using two different procedures.
02:27Can you explain?
02:28The whole agreement contains parts such as the political part, which have to be ratified
02:33by national and regional parliaments.
02:36It is a risky undertaking, because if the whole agreement is ratified by national parliaments,
02:42it means that some of them may oppose the text, as it happened already in the past, when national
02:48parliaments such as the Dutch one or the Austrian one opposed the agreements.
02:54So the European Commission has decided to separate the trade part, which falls under the exclusive
02:59competence of the EU, so that the Council will vote the text, the Member States voting by
03:06qualified majority, and the text will be also voted by the European Parliament by simple
03:11majority.
03:13This way the trade part has more chances to be implemented quickly.
03:17Which Member States are more sceptical of this agreement?
03:20Why is that?
03:21And how many do we need in terms of vote for this agreement to be approved and enter into
03:28force?
03:29France has long led the opposition to the agreement on the ground that it would create
03:34unfair competition to its farmers.
03:37But it may have changed today, because the European Commission has given assurances that
03:42it would strengthen controls over imports coming from Mercosur countries and their impact
03:49on the EU markets.
03:51But Poland now is stepping up against the deal.
03:56Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk said he was opposed to the agreement.
04:01But it remains uncertain whether he is going to be able to gather a blocking minority against
04:07the deal.
04:08Because indeed, to be signed, the deal requires 15 Member States in favour of it, and a blocking
04:15minority would require 5 Member States representing 35% of the population.
04:21The agricultural sector is one of the biggest critics of the agreement, which is why the
04:26European Commission recently added safeguards.
04:30Quotas that limit the import of products considered more sensitive, such as beef, poultry, sugar,
04:37rice and honey.
04:39Increased controls that may lead to the suspension of imports of a certain product if they increase
04:44by more than 10% or prices fall by more than 10%.
04:49EU pesticide and animal welfare rules will have to be followed by Mercosur countries.
04:54A 6.3 billion euros fund to help farmers affected by market crises.
05:00I'm joined now by Karel Lano, Chief Executive of the Centre for European Policy Studies.
05:08Can the EU afford not ratify this agreement, considering that it had to make a lot of concessions
05:15in the trade deal with the US that will raise tariffs to 15%?
05:20We need to know, let's say, that the geopolitical situation since it started to negotiate 25 years
05:26ago until today has changed so much.
05:28If we go to Latin America, and we see this also for Mercosur, the most important trading partner
05:32has become China.
05:33So if we know, say, we need to be respected as a partner also, for example, with the United
05:40States, then we should respect ourselves and say we absolutely need to conclude this agreement
05:45also to become a more important trading partner for Latin America.
05:49And if we were not to do this, I mean, it will just, after this, I would say, almost scandalous
05:54EU-US agreement, just put the EU in a corner of being an unreliable partner.
06:01The partnership will also create access to the essential raw materials as an alternative
06:08to China that concentrates a lot of that production.
06:10So how significant is this for the European industry, for instance?
06:14It's, again, an opportunity for us, I mean, to reduce, I mean, drastically this huge dependence
06:21which we have from China, which was built up without us noticing it.
06:25And now we have an opportunity to say, look, we'll do it with another region.
06:28We will just reduce our huge exposure to China and to say, look, we will make sure that Brazil
06:34can, or say, Argentina or Peru can also develop their commodities or, say, their raw materials
06:41export to Europe.
06:42So in addition to MECASU, the EU has also revised an agreement with Mexico.
06:48Where should the EU look next for partners?
06:51We should, above all, as a policy, after what the US has done to us, let's say, in this trade
06:57agreement from the 18th of August, make sure that we find a group of countries which have
07:04the similar approach to trade and to the maintenance, above all, of the trading system, which we have
07:10in the post-World War II order, where we go for a system, underscored by the WTO, the World
07:16Trade Organization, where we apply these principles of most favored nation clause and where we want
07:22to have, as the EU wants, as much as possible, zero tariffs.
07:26International trade is one of the arenas in which the EU projects its political and economic
07:32model.
07:33One tout economic benefits and new markets while others warn about the risks of more concessions
07:40to multinationals, increasing risks of deforestation in Amazonia and consumer losses.
07:46Given the tariffs recently imposed by the US on the bloc, some European governments most critical
07:54of the agreement with MERCOSUL may not change their minds.
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