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Court tosses out landmark youth climate lawsuit; US expands credits and fast EV-charging stations; protections for endangered gray wolves lifted; and the pros and cons of carbon credits.

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00:00a landmark kids case on climate issues is getting thrown out in court. What the kids say they're
00:08doing next to protect their rights to grow up in a clean world and still nervous about purchasing an
00:15EV because it's too hard to find a place to charge. It's about to get a whole lot easier
00:20thanks to a massive push to build more charging stations across America. Plus the endangered
00:26gray wolf no longer endangered, at least not on paper. Why the species was removed from the
00:33endangered species list.
00:41Hello and welcome to EarthX News where we focus on sustainability, conservation and the environment.
00:48I'm Christina Thompson. Let's get into some of the biggest headlines facing our planet.
00:52A landmark kids climate lawsuit is getting dismissed. A U.S. appeals court decided to throw
00:58it out for good. The suit filed by 21 young people claims that the U.S. government's energy policies
01:05violate their rights to be protected from climate change. The courts ultimately decided that it's
01:11not up to them to mandate broad policy changes. That's the job of Congress and the executive branch.
01:17While the young plaintiffs had trimmed the lawsuit to only focus on a declaration that their rights
01:22have been violated, the San Francisco judges still threw it out. An attorney from the nonprofit
01:28For Our Children's Trust, who is representing the youth group, is calling this, quote,
01:33a tragic and unjust ruling. But saying it's not over, the group is considering asking the circuit
01:40court to rehear their case in front of a larger panel of judges. Cleaner flying?
01:44The Biden administration announced new moves to make aviation cleaner, specifically for how fuel
01:51producers can qualify for tax credits as part of a program to increase production of more
01:56sustainable jet fuel. The guidelines are not yet final, but they allow corn-based ethanol to be
02:01part of the answer. A big part of the debate is how using corn for fuel could impact our food supply.
02:07Critics argue that if more cropland is used to grow fuel, then we need to either accept higher food prices
02:13or develop even more land. Scientists also say ethanol can be more carbon-intensive than gasoline.
02:20The Biden administration's proposal also requires farmers who produce corn-based ethanol
02:25to use agricultural techniques that can increase the amount of carbon stored in the soil.
02:30If you're thinking of getting an electric vehicle anytime soon, now might just be the time.
02:35The United States is making it even more attainable to own an EV by expanding the eligibility
02:41for tax credits. The credits range from $3,750 to $7,500 for new EVs. There's also a $4,000 credit
02:51for used ones. The goal is for this to incentivize more people to buy EVs, helping the Biden administration
02:57reach its goal of half new vehicle sales being electric by 2030. This year, the credits are available
03:04from the moment you sign the title from an authorized dealer, rather than waiting for an income tax
03:10refund. Credit qualification depends on a person's income, the price of the car, and the battery
03:15makeup. To get the credits, EVs must be assembled in North America. One reason why someone might not
03:22purchase an EV is charging stations, or the general lack thereof. But the U.S. is working to fix this.
03:28We now have an EV charging station for every 15 gas stations. EV charging station locations have
03:35grown in the first three months of the year, with now more than 8,000 stations, 6,000 of those being
03:42Tesla, compared to 120,000 gas stations. About 600 public fast charging stations came online over
03:49these three months. That's a 7.6% increase over the end of 2023. This is, in part, made possible
03:56because of the Biden administration's National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Program, a $5 billion
04:02plan to fill in the blanks in the charging map. Popular food stop shops are also dabbling in the
04:08EV charge game. Ten opened at Bucky's convenience store, and another nine at Wawa's. And a series of
04:15new EV features is coming to Google Maps. Google has announced it's rolling out several new tools to
04:21help EV drivers find all of these new and existing charging stations. In a recent blog post, the Big Tech
04:27Company outlined several updates, which include a tool to help drivers find nearby chargers with
04:33real-time information about availability and charging speed, the ability to find charging stops on longer
04:39road trips, and more detailed instructions about how to find chargers within parking lots and garages.
04:44The rollout comes just after a recent poll found range anxiety remains a significant barrier for EV
04:51sales, especially for drivers who did not own a home. According to the data from the Washington Post
04:57and the University of Maryland, roughly half of people who did not drive an EV said they felt finding
05:03a place to charge would be extremely or very difficult. President Biden is moving to expand two national
05:10monuments in the state of California to include tens of thousands of acres in newly protected land.
05:16The Berryessa Snow Mountain National Monument will grow by more than 13,000 acres, while the San Gabriel
05:23Mountains National Monument will add over 100,000 acres. These new boundaries will include a range of
05:30important historical, geological, and botanical sites, including sites sacred to the local Native American
05:36communities. The effort was helped along by California's state lawmakers and tribal organizations,
05:42who are also calling for three other national monument sites across California. More expansion and more
05:48monuments helped the administration's 30 by 30 pledge, which seeks to conserve 30 percent of America's
05:54lands and waters by the year 2030. Turning to wildlife news, the U.S. House voted to end federal protections for
06:02gray wolves. The lower chamber approved the bill that would remove them from the endangered species list
06:07across the lower 48 states. Supporters of the measure praised the move, arguing wolf populations have
06:13recovered and ending safeguards should be celebrated as a conservation success, while critics argue that
06:19the species still needs help. And if protections are lifted, hunters will again push wolves to near extinction.
06:26The White House issued a statement warning that the Biden administration opposes this bill.
06:32A lot of work is being done to protect a tiny inland shorebird in the U.S., which in turn could also
06:38help save the Great Salt Lake in the process. A group of environmentalists and scientists have filed
06:43a petition to list the Wilson's fallow rope as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. To save the bird,
06:50activists are also pushing to keep the country's largest saline lake safe and healthy. Conservationists
06:57say the Great Salt Lake in Utah is vital to the shorebird's health, as the animal relies on it for
07:02food when migrating to South America for the winter. Because of water diversions, primarily for agriculture,
07:08the Great Salt Lake fell to its lowest level in 2022, temporarily becoming too salty for the bird's main
07:15food source to survive. The brief rise in salinity levels sparked concerns among conservationists,
07:21who explained that the population of the Wilson's fallow rope has dropped approximately 70 percent
07:26since the 1980s because of extensive habitat destruction, water diversions, and persistent
07:33drought in the Great Salt Lake. As a listed species, regulatory measures to protect Wilson's fallow rope
07:39should be put into place and impact the rest of the highly interconnected lake system.
07:44The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has 90 days to review the petition, though it often takes much
07:49longer to determine whether a listing is warranted. If it is, the federal agency will then conduct its own
07:5512-month study on whether the species needs protection, a process that can take years to complete.
08:01Turning to international news, a British court is sending the government back to work
08:07to hash out a new climate plan. In a recent decision, London's High Court found the country's
08:12current carbon budget delivery plan to be unlawful, and that officials relied on vague
08:17and unquantified information to set carbon reduction measures. The court's judgment continued
08:22that carbon budgets set by the government last year to meet the U.K.'s target of net zero by 2050
08:28were set without evidence they could even be achieved. Now, the U.K. Energy Secretary will
08:33be expected to draw up a revised plan within a year, ensuring the country achieves its legally binding
08:39carbon budgets and its pledge to cut emissions by more than two-thirds over the next six years,
08:45or by 2030. The motion comes after three environmental organizations took legal action over the targets
08:51last year, having successfully challenged the previous budgets set by the conservative government
08:57in 2022. The legal decision in the U.K. comes as climate campaigners have increasingly turned to
09:03the law to force governments to move more quickly on tackling emissions. In April, Europe's top human
09:10rights court ruled that the Swiss government had violated the human rights of its citizens by failing to do
09:15enough to combat climate change in a decision that could set a precedent for future climate lawsuits.
09:22The G7 nations, including the U.S., have agreed to phase out coal-fired power stations by 2035.
09:30However, the deal has been criticized for containing too many caveats, which could allow G7 members
09:35to keep coal power plants running beyond that deadline. According to the International Energy Agency,
09:41coal accounted for more than 11 percent of total energy supply in the U.S. in 2022. Giles Gibson reports.
09:49A historic moment in the fight against climate change, with G7 energy ministers in the Italian
09:55city of Turin setting a deadline for phasing out coal. But the wording of their agreement includes
10:01significant room for maneuver. It describes the end of, quote, unabated coal power generation,
10:07meaning countries could still keep coal-fired power stations running and capture their emissions.
10:13And, under certain conditions, some countries could push back the 2035 deadline.
10:22Italy's Minister of the Environment, Gilberto Pichetto Frattin, who hosted the talks in Turin,
10:27defended the significance of the deal.
10:30Our documents, for the very first time, include a deadline, let's say, when possible, wherever
10:39possible. In other words, this means that G7 countries undertake to phase out the use of coal
10:45without jeopardizing the various countries' economic and social equilibrium.
10:52Climate change activists say the problem isn't the wording of the agreement,
10:55it's the lack of urgency. Environmental NGO Greenpeace says phasing out coal by 2035 is
11:02too little too late, insisting it needs to happen by the end of this decade instead.
11:08The G7 says the deal can be a bridge between last year's COP28 climate change conference
11:13and COP29 in November. At those talks, the G7 could try to get two of the world's biggest users of coal,
11:21China and India to phase out their coal-fired power stations much sooner.
11:26For EarthX, I'm Giles Gibson.
11:29Giles Gibson, thank you.
11:31Coming up, we'll speak with a carbon market analyst about the pros and cons of carbon credits.
11:37Stay tuned, that discussion is just ahead on EarthX News.
11:51Welcome back. Carbon credits, they're a mechanism devised to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
12:12and a strategy many companies around the world are using as a way to achieve net zero by 2030.
12:18Still, the carbon credit system has been met with both criticism and praise. Proponents of carbon
12:24credits say they lead to measurable, verifiable emission reductions. Meantime, critics argue the
12:30activities underlying the carbon credit's value are untrustworthy or faulty and, in some cases,
12:36lead to even higher emissions. Joining us now to discuss is fund manager and author of Planet Ponzi,
12:43Mitch Feierstein. Mitch, thanks for coming in.
12:45Thanks for having me today. Can you explain what carbon credits are and why they're such a big deal?
12:51Look, I've been involved in the creation and development of new products in the financial
12:56markets for several decades. And I was actively involved in the carbon credit markets and the
13:01creation of carbon credits. Now, there are two different markets. There's a regulatory market
13:07market where big companies are required to reduce their carbon emissions. And the market that we're
13:14focusing on right now is a voluntary carbon market. And I wrote the voluntary carbon standard and created
13:19that. So you have two different types of credits now for reducing, assessing your carbon footprint,
13:26which is what a corporation does or an individual can do. And then they go to the markets and look to
13:32purchase a carbon credit. That's what you look to do that offsets and mitigates the carbon that you
13:39emit into the environment, whether you're taking a flight or whether it's your other types of
13:44emissions throughout your activities. There are ways to do that with carbon footprint calculators on the
13:51internet. The issue that comes in is the manner in which people assess what type of carbon credits you have.
13:59And what I tried to do was create a commoditized asset class of gold standard crediting.
14:07There are some critics about carbon credits. So what are the controversies surrounding it?
14:13The controversies around carbon credits basically come in when there are different systems that
14:18evaluate the worth or permanence of a credit. So the system that I had set up to create the
14:26commoditized asset class had five components to it. You needed to ensure that the credits were real,
14:33that they were quantifiable, how much carbon or carbon CO2 emission equivalents you'd be offsetting.
14:40Three, the permanence of those credits. And four, that they were independently verified and certified by a
14:48scientific agency of high repute like SGS or Donorsky Veritas. And number, the last item being
14:57stored in a registry that's beyond reproach, such as the Bank of New York, where we set up a carbon
15:03credit registry, which was really important because each carbon credit that was generated after being
15:08verified and certified was turned into a certificate. So it was a serial number. So there would be no double
15:15selling. Once it was sold, it was permanently retired. So you could actually find a audit trail.
15:22The issue that you get into is when you have less than scrupulous people selling carbon credits without a
15:28registry or without financial backing, the proper financial backing, you know, you don't have any way to
15:36enforce in case the carbon credits were never actually
15:39in existence or they've sold them twice. Those are a couple of the issues that occur in the market.
15:48So within the system of carbon credits, what are the benefits of it and do they work well?
15:54Well, carbon credits, the benefits you can mitigate or offset. They're carbon offsets. You can offset
16:00your carbon footprint. What you need to do is do an assessment of how much carbon
16:05you use in either your business or day to day from driving, driving your car to taking flights
16:10to how much garbage you throw away. I mean, there are ways to calculate that and you can offset
16:15the carbon footprint that you have. And businesses do that. And that's what getting to net zero means.
16:21You've got to take into account that, I mean, the easiest and most bulletproof way along with carbon
16:28credits is energy efficiency. I think that that's one of the tools in the toolkit to achieve net zero.
16:35I mean, there are ways that you can achieve net zero without hurting the economy. And that's a
16:39really important thing. Carbon credits, from the regulatory perspective, like a lot of the car
16:45producers have limits now by certain states. And so they use carbon credits to reduce or mitigate
16:54the carbon output from their products and services. So would you say that's an area where there's common
17:00ground for those who are both for and against carbon credits? Are there other common ground areas?
17:05I think that there's common ground as long as you have a great standard. I mean,
17:08I think the standard that I wrote was pretty bulletproof, but I think you get into dodgy credits
17:15and then you have a problem. And if you deal with an organization that doesn't have a high capital base,
17:20you have no way to enforce it in a court should there be something that's a little dodgy with it.
17:27Mitch Beierstein, thank you so much for coming on.
17:29Thanks for having me. Coming up, a group of citizen scientists helping a colony of penguins in
17:35Australia find better protections from the elements. Stay tuned. That story is just ahead on EarthX News.
17:49Welcome back. Volunteers are working to preserve a penguin colony in Australia. Sarah Williamson has that story.
18:14What's black and white and red all over? A sunburnt penguin in Australia. Every opportunity to make
18:24it a cooler environment for the penguins so they can nest successfully is what we're about. The heat
18:31waves that blanketed the west coast of Australia threatening the survival of this penguin colony. To help
18:37these special animals seek solace under the sweltering sun, these locals are lending a hand. I would hate
18:45to think that my grandchildren weren't here to see penguins and how lucky are we on our doorstep. I mean
18:50you've got the jewel of the crown here in Rockingham, you've got Shoalwater Islands Marine Park. Guided by
18:55scientists Palm Beach Rotary Club is building these nests fit for a king or in this case fairy with air vents
19:04and double glazed walls. These boxes are hopefully going to play a really an important role in helping
19:13this population adapt to climate change and hopefully recover in the future. For EarthX, I'm Sarah Williamson.
19:21Sarah Williamson, thank you. Two countries are joining forces in an effort to give Antarctic science
19:27a boost. New Zealand and Germany recently signed a memorandum of understanding to broaden connections
19:34between the two countries' marine and polar science institutes. Listen as New Zealand's foreign minister
19:39praise the partnership. This arrangement builds on decades of science cooperation between New Zealand
19:45and Germany. Our current projects provide uniquely valuable information about how the environment is
19:53responding to climate change. The two programs have already worked together on a number of scientific
19:59collaborations that contribute to a better understanding of how Antarctica will respond
20:04to environmental changes. The Antarctic Research Base deal comes after New Zealand said in February
20:10it was reassessing a proposed overhaul of its decades-old Antarctica base after talks with a construction
20:17firm stalled. It had initially announced plans to revamp the base about five years ago. Scientists
20:23are taking steps to better understand a rare species of shark. In a new fisheries study,
20:28scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration are focusing their attention on the
20:34Pacific sleeper shark. Scientists say not much is known about this shark, but marine biologists add
20:41its slow growth and sluggish behavior make it highly vulnerable to overfishing and getting accidentally
20:47caught in fishermen's nets, contributing to their deaths and conservation concerns.
20:52Overall, researchers say the lack of data on the animal makes it challenging to protect and manage the
20:58species, but now scientists say the report has created a one-stop shop for information critical to
21:04conserving Alaska's largest shark. And before we leave you, divers are building a Noah's Ark of
21:11coral at a zoo in the Netherlands. Conservationists at the Berger Zoo say the project is meant to preserve
21:17populations of the endangered species just in case they die out in the wild. Scientists say corals have
21:24been under threat from a variety of factors, including environmental changes, overfishing and pollution,
21:31and the project would serve as a way to help aquatic organisms thrive. That's it for this edition of
21:36EarthX News. Please join us again next week. I'm Christina Thompson.
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