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00:00The same animals that strike terror in the hearts of swimmers generate excitement with many scuba divers.
00:10In an ironic twist, divers deliberately seek face-to-face encounters with some of the ocean's most dangerous predators, sharks.
00:21Dr. Eric Ritter is a leading authority on shark behavior and a passionate supporter of human and shark interaction.
00:34In the spring of 2002, he paid a very high price for his beliefs.
00:39A severe attack nearly cost him his leg and his life.
00:44Sharks fuel a booming ecotourism industry.
00:50From tropical seas to the cold waters of the Pacific Northwest, sharks are big business.
01:20The 1940s and nuisance to the coast of the Pacific Northwest are huge.
01:28The
01:44A shark feeding frenzy.
01:54A fascinating and frightening spectacle.
01:58Dozens of predators slash and tear at their prey with razor-sharp teeth.
02:06But this exciting display is not a random act in nature's grand design.
02:11It's a carefully choreographed event, staged for the benefit of scuba divers.
02:21It's a fair assumption that most people would avoid intentional contact with sharks.
02:27But many scuba divers and snorkelers line up to interact with the animals.
02:32Believe it or not, shark encounters are becoming one of the most popular attractions in the sport.
02:40Of all the sharks, one towers above the rest in our collective imaginations.
03:04The Great White.
03:05Even though human fatalities have decreased, the visceral horror of being eaten alive remains.
03:18Since the dawn of time, people have been terrified of sharks.
03:22But in a deeply primitive sense, we admire them.
03:27We're transfixed by predators that can kill us.
03:29This fascination is the inspiration for the holy grail of shark dives.
03:43The Cape of Good Hope.
03:46One of the most treacherous bodies of water on Earth.
03:51Winter storms work their way north from Antarctica and pound a battered coastline.
03:56Windswept shores provide refuge for tens of thousands of South African fur seals.
04:15On land, they are clumsy and slow.
04:32Underwater, the nimble seals are eager to show off their acrobatic skills.
04:37But these seas are not safe for even the most agile pinniped.
04:52This is the hunting ground of the Great White.
05:25In the South African fishing village of Hunsbae, white sharks fuel a burgeoning dive tourism industry.
05:34J.P. Boda and Andre Hartman operate Marine Dynamics, one of the most successful shark diving companies in the country.
05:55Both were formerly commercial fishermen, but with dwindling catches, they turned to eco-tourism, specifically shark tourism.
06:09Their business plan is simple. Wait for good weather, ferry visitors out to sea, and get them up close and personal with great whites.
06:20The South African white shark diving business around Hunsbae started in the early 90s.
06:27In the beginning, there were only three operators. It grew to the eight operators we have at the moment.
06:33Initially, there was a sort of emotional outcry, and people were really concerned that the number of shark attacks would increase due to the commercial activity of attracting sharks.
06:46That fortunately has proved to be a false fear. This activity does not necessarily lead to more shark attack, and of course the statistics have also been with us, so that the number of shark attacks have actually not increased.
07:02The local economy has benefited quite substantially by the shark tourism. The industry employs about 40 to 50 people, and these people spend their money in the local businesses.
07:17So there's a lot of spin-offs emanating from the shark business.
07:21To attract the sharks, Andre Hartman first chumps the water with a pungent combination of blood and fish remains.
07:37The scent of cow shark liver is a particular favorite of great whites.
07:41Coaxing them to the stern, Andre demonstrates an unusual phenomenon.
08:00Pushing aside the snout of a shark one day, he discovered that the animal became almost catatonic.
08:06It rolled its eyelids down, rose out of the water, opened its mouth, and snapped its jaws.
08:18The strange behavior appears to be related to highly specialized sensory organs in their nose and mouth.
08:25Touching them momentarily short circuits their senses.
08:36Most customers view sharks from the safe confines of a boat, or from a protective cage.
08:43But a few brave souls pay extra for the privilege of venturing into the water without the security of steel bars.
08:54At the surface, Andre Hartman acts as a safety diver, and occasionally shows off.
08:59Do not try this at home.
09:09On the sea floor, a cautious Hartman sensed the water with fish blood.
09:19The divers' expectations are exceeded.
09:21A 15-foot white shark appears like a ghostly apparition.
09:24We were underwater for about 40 minutes, and of course the action all happens near the end of the dive.
09:39We were starting to get cold.
09:41Water temperature there was about 52, 53 degrees.
09:43When you're looking through the small viewfinder and trying to keep it framed and focused,
09:48and this shark comes out of the gloom and simply just gets bigger and bigger and bigger
09:53and fills the frame on this high-definition camera, it's pretty awe-inspiring.
09:56That shark swam right around us a couple times, looked at us, examined us, then made a pass across the bottom and right at the camera.
10:17Sharks don't have fingers and hands to test things with, so what they have to do is bite something.
10:23Unfortunately, because of their enormous size and tremendous strength, when they bite something, even though they're just sampling it,
10:30and you really couldn't consider that a shark attack, it doesn't make much difference to the person that's been sampled.
10:36It still hurts.
10:49The shark showed recent signs of mating activity.
10:53Deep scars along her side indicated a bite from a very large male.
11:01We can only speculate on the size of the animal that inflicted these wounds.
11:09It seems like the more time I spend in the water with sharks, the more I realize that when you look into their eyes as they swim by you,
11:15and eye contact is very important with wildlife, there's someone in there. It's not just a stupid animal swimming by.
11:22Sharks are not maniacal or dangerous man-eating machines that are swimming around looking for humans to eat. They're really not.
11:29In the Bahamas, over a hundred sharks show up for a feeding. But how do you get out of the way of a frenzied mob?
11:45At the northernmost tip of the Bahamas, 100 miles east of the Florida coast, lies Walker's Key.
12:01The island is a renowned sport fishing destination and hosts thousands of visitors each year.
12:08Seizing on the availability of leftover fish parts, shark diving pioneer Gary Atkinson found a novel means of recycling normally discarded carcasses.
12:22We're a premier fishing destination. Subsequently, as the fish would come into our fish cleaning room, we save those carcasses.
12:32We recycle those fish heads and carcasses back into the environment.
12:37One day my staff came up to me and said, Gary, when we go down to dump the carcasses at the end of the runway,
12:42the sharks hear the trucks coming and they gather. Well, I took a look at this and was astounded by it.
12:47I thought, well, it would be a natural progression then to relocate it out to the reef.
12:51Subsequently, that's what we did. We started saving the carcasses, packing them, created the chumsicle.
13:00Basically, with the chumsicle, it's carcass feeding, which is very natural for this predator.
13:05So we wanted to present it to him in as natural a form as possible that he would understand.
13:10And in no way then would it also connect it to us as the diver, that we were going to be just viewed as another predator down there on the dive
13:18who showed up for the same reason they did.
13:21And that's why we can do the dive as safely as we do it and why we've never had a single incident of agonistic display in 11 years.
13:27Probably 35,000 people have done this experience, including children as young as four years old, having animals within just a few feet of them.
13:37At the dive site, the captain revs the boat's engines. The noise is a cue for the sharks that a feeding is about to begin.
13:52As the frozen block of bait sinks, only a few sharks appear to be interested.
14:10Other fish are quick to take advantage of the free meal.
14:15Once thought to be set off by a single drop of blood, the infamous feeding frenzy may instead be incited by several different stimuli.
14:28The vibrations and head shaking of the first fish to feed, the scent trail, and the visual commotion all combine to excite the sharks.
14:39Keep in mind, it's almost as though it is a perfect fish.
14:46Cost of birds and birds and birds with their own wings.
14:54It's one of them that's true for us.
14:57You can't collect the sharks, too.
15:00This is a beast.
15:02You can't collect the sharks.
15:06As the bait ball wears down, it eventually falls to the bottom.
15:36The sharks then fight for the remaining morsels of food.
16:04A handful of well-publicized attacks in 2001 spawned the summer of the shark.
16:11Overnight, shark bites and sightings became front page news.
16:23Lost in the hype was the fact that there were far fewer attacks that year than the previous year.
16:32Worldwide, only four deaths were attributed to sharks in 2001.
16:39The summer of the shark dramatically changed public perception, taking it several steps backward to the old Jaws mentality of the 70s.
16:50The past quarter century since that landmark film has not been kind to sharks.
16:57Virtually all species have seen population declines of between 50 and 90 percent.
17:04The strain on their numbers comes primarily from overfishing.
17:09Federal regulations restrict shark fishing in U.S. waters, but the animals are targeted relentlessly in much of the world.
17:24Their cartilage is still considered a cancer treatment, and Asian demand for shark fin soup supports a wasteful finning industry.
17:37One of the main goals of diving operators such as Gary Adkinson at Walker's Key is to increase awareness of the shark's plight through interaction with the animals in their natural habitat.
17:52I think it's so vitally important that people learn as much as they can about an animal that is really misunderstood.
17:59In doing this experience and trying to educate people and hopefully stop the slaughter of these sharks, I feel that what we do is significant.
18:10The reason we do what we do is it's a myth exploder.
18:13People suddenly realize that, gee, I'm down here with a hundred animals, and I'm safe, and they could care less that I'm here.
18:19And they walk away with a whole different rich experience than they ever thought they'd get when they first arrived here.
18:25That's the seed you're planting out there, because they're going to tell other people, sharks have a bad rap as it is anyway.
18:30And I feel like our job here is to let people know that they're not the bad guy people have made them out to be.
18:40If sharks are not the bad guys, why would they attack and nearly kill one of their staunchest supporters?
18:49Dr. Eric Ritter is a leading authority on shark behavior and a forensic investigator of shark attacks.
19:04Ritter has been instrumental in helping to change the popular perception of sharks as terrors of the sea to vital species which deserve protection.
19:13Over the past two decades, Eric has introduced hundreds of students, photographers, and biologists to sharks.
19:25With a keen passion for the animals and their plight, he is one of few researchers who dares to freely swim with dangerous sharks.
19:34Ritter works exclusively outside the protection of a cage.
19:40What I'm studying is the body language of sharks.
19:43I'm interested in how sharks express their intentions when they approach humans.
19:49Shark-human interaction is a very new field, but it's most likely the very field we need to understand these animals.
19:55We cannot just observe them by sitting on boats, sitting in front of aquariums, we have to interact with them.
20:06Our main theory is that sharks are as predictable as dogs, parrots, cats, animals that we are comfortable with, animals that we are used to.
20:15We are not used to being with sharks. We have to just give them the chance to let them interact with us.
20:28In a unique experiment at Walker's Quay, Gary Adkisson and Dr. Ritter attract a handful of large sharks to shallow water.
20:36One of Eric's more controversial theories is that dangerous animals like bull and lemon sharks are not inclined to attack humans, even when enticed with bait.
20:53He believes attacks are caused by curiosity or mistaken identity and should be referred to more appropriately as shark accidents.
21:07More than 80% of attack victims survive, mainly because sharks realize their mistake and don't return for a second bite.
21:26Ritter simulates common attack scenarios such as those on swimmers in shallow water and those on spear fishermen in deeper seas.
21:33Throughout his experiments, fish carcasses are thrown into the surf very near to where he stands or swims.
21:48The most often seen accident scenario we have is through exploratory behavior, meaning the animal sees us, not us as a human being, but us as an object.
21:57Several factors come together, for example, sound, smell, motion of the object.
22:05Sharks, per se, are very curious animals. They have a very high level of hesitance.
22:11But if their curiosity takes over at the end, they may grab an object just to get a final idea of what the object could be because nothing they sense is conclusive.
22:23So that's why in very rare cases they still grab the object.
22:26In the spring of 2002, after nearly two decades and over a thousand dives with dangerous sharks, Eric's luck finally ran out.
22:39He was severely bitten on the leg by a bull shark.
22:42A journalist accompanying Eric nervously paced and stirred up debris, reducing visibility.
22:52Quickly, the situation turned deadly.
22:55A large female bull shark was cornered between the two and lashed out at Eric.
22:59What led to this bite that I had with the bull shark was one of a general situation we've done hundreds and hundreds of times.
23:14The person next to me did not stand still as I told him to. He walked back and forth.
23:19And so by walking back and forth, he stirred up a lot of sand.
23:24And so we lowered the visibility.
23:27So it was us who created the situation, not the animals.
23:38The second I got bitten, I lifted my leg right away because I had to get out of her mouth.
23:43And the problem is, if you have a 400-pound animal attached to you, there's nearly nothing you can do.
23:48I mean, you always hear, well, hit an animal, do this. That doesn't work.
23:53She let go. I looked at my leg and I realized, first of all, there's not much left.
23:58And second of all, I knew I was going to die within the next two or three hours because I've seen many of these wounds.
24:03And I knew how they're going to end if they do not get proper treatment.
24:06Eric was fortunate. A small plane and its pilot were on the island at the time of the accident.
24:13Within 30 minutes of the bite, he was on his way to West Palm Beach, where a team of doctors was waiting.
24:20He nearly died due to an enormous loss of blood.
24:25Once stabilized, it appeared that he would lose his leg, but skilled surgeons miraculously managed to save it.
24:33Months of rehabilitation and a determined will spurred an amazing recovery.
24:41Additional reconstructive surgeries and skin grafts helped to restore use of his leg.
24:53The first time I jumped back in the water was about four months after my bite.
24:57The wound healed so far that I could be in the water for 15, 20 minutes.
25:04So the first opportunity I had, I jumped right back in at the very spot where I got bitten.
25:12I want that everybody sees these animals the way I see them.
25:16I want them to see the animal through my eyes.
25:17I see it even more clear what we have to do.
25:31We have to destroy the myth, the bad rap of these animals, portray them the way they really are.
25:39Fascinating, incredibly intelligent, curious.
25:42So I'm back in the water. I interact with sharks more than ever.
25:50So I'd say I do this for the rest of my life.
25:57What is the fastest growing and most popular attraction for scuba diving tourists?
26:02Another Bahamian island is the epicenter of the shark diving industry.
26:21At New Providence, half a dozen scuba operations rely on sharks as a main attraction for diving tourists.
26:27As for the sharks, what we don't want you guys doing is swimming with your hands, okay?
26:37These sharks are attracted to movement more than the blood and water.
26:44Unlike the bait ball style of feeding at Walker's Quay, sharks here are fed by hand or with a steel pole.
26:50Shark wranglers utilize a chain mail suit, which helps prevent injury.
27:03But a crushing bite can still hurt.
27:06The difficult part initially is to keep the ravenous animals away from the bait.
27:20Like pigs at the trough, they jostle for position.
27:24After using a pole, the wrangler moves towards the divers and feeds by hand.
27:45For the customers, this close-up action is a thrilling introduction to sharks.
27:49It's pretty comfortable down there until the sharks got real close to you.
27:55I mean, I got pretty nervous.
27:57I've always thought they were pretty aggressive, but being down there today while they were feeding them and everything,
28:02they looked like gentle giants down there.
28:09This dive is really, really good.
28:12Never been so close to sharks.
28:13Other dives have seen them in the blue in the distance, but never so close up.
28:23It was almost like he was roughhousing dogs.
28:25Whenever a couple of sharks would come up to him and he would just push their snoot away or whatnot,
28:30he'd grab ahold of them and roughhouse them and pet them, so it was pretty neat.
28:35The first thing this morning, we never would have known that we were going to be shark diving today.
28:38That's for sure.
28:39We just happened to run across it and it sounded like a cool thing to do, so we said,
28:44let's go shark diving.
28:46It was just a fantastic experience.
28:49Most shark encounters occur in the warm tropics, but what animals lurk in the cold, deep sea?
28:56Shark diving is not confined to the tropics or to shallow temperate waters.
29:20In the dark, frigid realm of the deep sea lives a mysterious giant, the six-gill shark.
29:35Ancient hunters, unchanged since dinosaurs roamed the Earth, they inhabit great depths.
29:41These living fossils can attain a length of over 20 feet.
30:06There are only a handful of places where six-gill sharks are frequently sighted in shallow water.
30:10Washington State's Puget Sound and the Pacific Coast of Canada.
30:19One of the best places to photograph and study the sharks at scuba diving depths is British Columbia's Hornby Island.
30:26One of the best places to photograph and study the sharks on the island.
30:27One of the best places to photograph and study the sharks on the island.
30:31Rob Zielinski and Amanda Heath operate a busy scuba diving business on
31:01Hornby Island and six gills are their number one attraction despite the cold
31:08seas and sometimes challenging diving conditions the animals generate enormous
31:13interest the main reason that people come to Hornby is to see the six-gill
31:18sharks they're a real draw here in the summer we cater to about 500 diving
31:23tourists in the course of May to September
31:27Hornby Island is a unique location in that it's one of the few places in the
31:32world where we can observe six gills in water shallow enough to scuba dive in
31:39in many cases they're found at depths of several thousand feet which is unreachable
31:44by people under most circumstances
31:50sport diver tourists come here as well as scientists film crews still
31:55photographers etc who are interested in an opportunity to see the six-gill in its
31:59natural habitat
32:05researcher dr. Robert Dunbrack of Newfoundland's Memorial University
32:09searches for clues to the behavior and biology of these enigmatic sharks each
32:17summer aboard his research vessel the Stalvik Dunbrack travels to tiny flora
32:22islet off the coast of Hornby Island six skills and their unusual habits pose
32:29many intriguing questions but simply finding the elusive animals is the first
32:34of many challenges
32:47it was much more difficult than we originally thought it might be to work on
32:51the six skills we thought we could just do a bit of diving and the six skills would be
32:55there and we could make behavioral observations in a way that we might do on
32:58let's say polar bears or some sort of terrestrial mammal
33:05the study site that we settled on was on flora islets off Hornby Island
33:10we spent a few days there on our research vessel looking for sharks and didn't see
33:14anything and we were prepared then to leave and go and find another site but on
33:18our last dive we saw eight sharks in one dive so that as soon as we saw that we
33:22decided this is a place to do the work
33:27the unanswered question about these sharks of course is why are they coming into shallow water
33:31they're deep water sharks they're known virtually throughout all the oceans of the world
33:35but only from deep waters
33:38a natural thing to conclude is that they're coming in to feed because this is what animals have to do
33:43most of the time is look for food but we have no evidence that they are feeding
33:47it's not known whether they feed at night and maybe come onto the reef during the day for some other reason
34:00Dunbrack quickly realized the direct observation of the animals was very difficult
34:05depth and time constraints, cold water and currents
34:08and finally locating the sharks on the deep reef made research a daunting task
34:13to aid in his studies he devised two ingenious yet simple methods of observing and recording six skills and their behavior
34:25we have built a time-lapse video system that allows us to put a video camera down
34:30it takes pictures four frames every ten seconds or so
34:35on a single film we're able to get two to three to four weeks depending on the time of year
34:39it's just a daylight system
34:44we also have set up a stereo system which consists of two video cameras
34:48that are cabled directly to the surface
34:50they look over the same area they're facing down off the reef ball
34:53and so the sharks will swim underneath these two cameras
34:57and based on the geometry of the cameras we can actually get measurements
35:01direct measurements of the size of the sharks as they pass underneath
35:04and also there's swimming speed which we can use for metabolic studies
35:14that's all right
35:15that's the only bit truth
35:25let's go
35:26let's go
35:27early in the summer field season dunbrack made a curious discovery
35:38harbor seals and stellar sea lions
35:40prey for other large sharks were interacting with the six skills
35:48video monitors and time-lapse cameras reveal the startling behavior
35:52and what was that being that's interesting
35:57that's a seal chasing him
36:01i don't believe this
36:05wow
36:07it's amazing
36:08seals directly underneath the sharks
36:10sort of coming underneath them
36:11sort of buzzing him
36:13six-kill sharks are not known to feed on seals or sea lions
36:17it appears that the playful mammals are simply curious about their large visitors from the deep
36:24in recent years fossil remains of prehistoric relatives of six-kill sharks have been discovered on Hornby Island
36:37in recent years fossil remains of prehistoric relatives of six-kill sharks have been discovered on Hornby Island
36:42over 25 species of mostly deep water sharks from the Cretaceous period have been identified from fossilized remains
37:00fossil shark teeth are very common but they're usually attributed to shallow water species
37:15these puzzling clues appear to suggest that six skills and many other deep water sharks frequently ventured into shallow seas
37:23within a stone's throw of the site where we were watching these sharks swim around
37:31there are fossils of the sharks that have been there over 65 million years ago
37:35and looking at the teeth of those species
37:38they're virtually indistinguishable from the teeth of the fish that we were looking at
37:42within the last hundred million years or so they probably haven't changed much at all
37:46with the collapse of many traditional commercial fish stocks six skills were briefly considered a viable new fishery
37:59but with little knowledge of their population reproductive and growth rates
38:03this ill-conceived plan was put on hold
38:07trying to run a fishery on a species like the six skills very problematic
38:13it's a large fish it's certainly long-lived and has very low rates of reproduction
38:18so the sustainable exploitation rates would be very low
38:22so a large shark that might be sixty to a hundred years old might fetch just a few dollars
38:28whereas we do know for a fact that this species probably brings in several million dollars a year
38:34just to the dive tourism industry as a living resource
38:36the more people that interact with the sharks in a passive manner as divers and get a positive experience
38:48the better it is really going to be for the shark
38:53despite many unanswered questions and an uncertain future
38:56six-gill sharks inspire tremendous respect from both scientists and scuba divers
39:01Rob and I consider ourselves to be very lucky in that we're members of a very small select group that have seen a live six-gill swimming in its natural habitat
39:12it's something that many people can never dream of doing
39:15it's an exciting thing to see this shark moving in its environment
39:19it's really hard to describe the feelings that you have when you first encountered them
39:25to put it in terrestrial terms it would be similar to going through a hike in the west coast and running into the elephants and the giant sloths that used to live there twelve thousand years ago
39:36it seems like a throwback to times when animals were bigger and more plentiful on these reefs
39:41and it's a very stirring experience
39:46there's virtually nothing that we know about this species so anything that we get is going to be useful and there's so much to know
39:51it's something that could keep us going for many many many years
39:59many of us don't scuba dive or even snorkel
40:02what better way to satiate our curiosity than to view sharks through six inches of glass
40:07shark encounters are not the exclusive domain of scuba divers and marine hunters
40:25Shark encounters are not the exclusive domain of scuba divers and marine biologists.
40:41The animals are also top attractions in zoos and aquariums.
40:48The public fascination with sharks is deeply rooted.
40:52People of all ages are mesmerized by the sleek and powerful fish.
40:56At the Atlantis Resort on Paradise Island in the Bahamas, sharks are a crowd favorite.
41:07You can even rocket down a water slide or river raft through the middle of their Mayan shark
41:13tank.
41:14I think the reason why people are so fascinated by sharks is because a lot of people don't
41:22know about sharks.
41:23They have a lot of misconceptions about sharks.
41:25They think sharks are these big scary animals that as soon as you get into the water they're
41:31going to attack you.
41:34Economically, live sharks are much more valuable than dead sharks because they bring guests
41:39here.
41:40They want to see sharks and it also adds an educational value.
41:44because it's much easier to teach somebody about sharks and how valuable they are if they
41:51can actually see something that's living.
41:53I think people appreciate that much more than they would see in a specimen or just a photograph
41:59in a book.
42:00A rash of shark attacks in Florida and Hawaii led state authorities there to ban the practice
42:16of baiting sharks.
42:19But instead of decreasing attacks, the bans have proven to be ineffective.
42:25The same number of people were bitten in the past few years as there were before the bans
42:30were implemented.
42:33Although shark diving does attract and perhaps alter the behavior of a few animals, feedings
42:38usually take place in deeper water, a long way from beaches and swimmers.
42:45Dr. Eric Ritter and others believe that shark baiting and chumming is a potential factor
42:52in attacks, but not because of scuba divers.
42:56I would say about 80 to 90 percent are caused by sport fishing.
43:02What they create is a very hazardous situation around themselves by chumming the water, by hooking
43:08fish.
43:09Sharks pick it up, you have people in the water frolicking.
43:13Until we find a way to reduce some of the sport fishing habits, we will always have the
43:20same number of shark bites on a yearly basis here in Florida.
43:24If the band really would have done what they predicted, meaning no accidents anymore, then
43:31at least it would be safer, but we still have the same accident rate each year.
43:35I definitely feel that organized shark feeding done properly is safe.
43:44And it definitely raises awareness of this animal's plight and raises awareness of the
43:50animal's fragility and it's a myth destroyer.
43:56As an animal that's been on this planet for close to half a billion years, that has been
44:00brought to the verge of extinction in the past 20 years.
44:04And he's being wiped out at such a tremendous rate.
44:07You remove the shark, you suddenly turn our oceans, in a very, very short period of time,
44:12into a septic system.
44:15Our oceans are in trouble.
44:16If we don't protect this animal, then all of us lose.
44:21Everybody.
44:22And what a sad thing.
44:23I want my kids to see what I saw today.
44:28Despite their strength and predatory skill, sharks are remarkably fragile creatures.
44:33Conservation efforts have traditionally had little support or enforcement.
44:38They aren't as cute and cuddly as dolphins or as majestic as whales.
44:44After all, on rare occasions, they do kill people.
44:52We are slowly coming to realize that sharks are integral members of the ocean food chain.
45:01We're learning that while a dead shark may bring a few dollars to a fisherman one time,
45:05a live shark may generate thousands of dollars in annual tourist revenue.
45:10And best of all, the shark is allowed to live.
45:17Perhaps scuba divers and other eco-tourists can ultimately play a key role in preserving these vital species.
45:29The Blue Realm is partially funded by PADI, the way the world learns to dive.
45:42The Blue Realm is still in trouble.
45:52The Blue Realm is dying!
45:56When you are a society who is sweating, it is like a tiny human being.
45:59The Blue Realm is still in trouble.
46:02The Blue Realm is a tiny human being.
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