The Beechgrove Garden Season 47 Episode 17

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Transcript

00:00Hello and welcome to Beechgrove Garden.

00:16And we're starting off the programme this week by doing one of the nicest garden jobs of the summer,

00:20picking sweet peas. And these are from plants that were put in the ground, what, mid-May I think it was?

00:25Yeah, Callum and George planted them out for us. We put in well-rotted manure at the base

00:30because they're quite hungry plants. A wee bit earlier than that I built the hazel and willow supports

00:35and created this archway to see whether they would reach the top.

00:38We've been liquid seaweed feeding them and tying them in and now picking them and enjoying them.

00:44And the more you pick, the more you're going to get. Here's what's coming up in the rest of the programme.

00:50How to care for the most popular of plant purchases.

00:55Callum has some holiday watering hacks.

01:00Why right now is actually a good time to get tree pruning.

01:05And Carol finds out how to grow your own dyes.

01:08And before all that Kirsty, I was up here about a year ago giving this Pyrus Formosa variegated one as well.

01:18A bit of a makeover. So it was just a big blob. But following that Japanese style of cloud pruning,

01:25it's kind of giving it a bit more shape and structure.

01:27That's a lovely architectural shape and I suppose this time of year, a year on, it's still put on growth.

01:32And you do need to come in and do a bit of maintenance.

01:34So cloud pruning is really having a clear branch stem and then this cloud of foliage at the end.

01:40So it's a bit like a lollipop. And this is a technique that comes from Japan.

01:45So this one is called nawaki because it's planted in the ground.

01:48But if you were to do this to a containerised tree, it's more called bonsai.

01:52But we're just clipping off to create these lovely shapes at the end of the branches.

01:57Do you know I absolutely loved doing it last year. It got me hooped.

02:01So last year was all about trying to look for layers.

02:04And really we wanted to make a definition between those layers.

02:07So that's where you get your clouds.

02:09So this gap here.

02:10Yeah, but this year, all the new growth that we've had in this one year,

02:13we're now just trying to redefine these layers.

02:15So it's just really nibbling that we're doing just now.

02:18I'm using secchi tears to do it.

02:20I think I'm getting a nice clean cut, but it's going to take me a while doing it with secchi's.

02:24You're going to be there a long time.

02:26But I like these topari shears and they're a bit like sheep shears, really.

02:30And you can go clip all the way around the cloud.

02:33So where to start, if you want to start from new, always look for the dead wood first.

02:37You can create so much gaps and airing about your plant by tidying up the dead wood.

02:42And then I don't know if you've noticed, we've got a few shoots that are actually pure green.

02:46So because this is a variegated shrub, this is just the plant going back to its natural parent.

02:51So these are always good to take them right out because they grow a wee bit stronger as well.

02:55But actually, if you peek inside now, it's amazing what layers we've now created in here.

03:01And you can actually see inside and you can see the stems.

03:04Look at the little twists and the turns and the flaky bark.

03:08Aren't they a wonderful feature as well?

03:10So it's amazing.

03:11We're maybe doing the cloud pruning, but we've now created this different characteristic as well.

03:15And again, don't worry.

03:16I mean, look at the growth that we've had in one year or so.

03:18Give it a go.

03:19But didn't worry about it if you don't feel like you've done it right or you don't like it.

03:23I mean, it'll soon merge back into one big blob again.

03:27It'll grow, won't it?

03:28I know.

03:29And if you look back to what me and Lizzie did way back at the beginning of the year,

03:32there was a pier of strike next to the pond.

03:34We thumped it virtually down to the ground.

03:36Within a few months, there's about 20 centimetres of growth in there already.

03:40So a couple of years, you'll not notice it.

03:42Right, Kirsty, I think because you're enjoying yourself so much,

03:45I'm going to leave you to it because I've got another wee job to be doing.

03:59There are many places where we can buy our plants.

04:01Could be the garden centre, online, and when we're at the supermarket,

04:05you might be tempted to buy a plant from the shelves that are sitting at the front door.

04:10Now I'm no stranger to an impulse buy,

04:12so I thought it might be a good idea to do a wee crash course

04:15on how to look after the most popular of plant purchases.

04:19So the first one I've got here is a wee tray of coleus.

04:22Now I must admit, this is no stranger to me.

04:25I've grown many of these as an apprentice

04:27and they really are one of my favourite plants.

04:29We used to grow them in the glass house,

04:31but actually these days you can grow them outside as bed and plant displays or in pots.

04:36They've got lovely colourful velvety leaves.

04:39And even though it's July, I would still look at these plants and say,

04:42well, if I grew them on, I could overwinter them in my own house and use them again next year.

04:47Or if I want to be really clever, I could grow them on a wee bitty more.

04:51And come September time, I could take very easy cuttings of these.

04:54You could even pop them in the water and you could see the roots coming from them then.

04:58Now these packs of bedding are quite popular on the shelves at the supermarkets.

05:03And the first thing I did was just make sure it had plenty of water.

05:07And I would always advise that.

05:08It's a wee bitty more challenging, I think, at the supermarkets,

05:10where the shelves are positioned right at the front door.

05:13They're fully exposed to blowing winds which can dry out these packs.

05:16So always have a good look at the pack that you buy

05:19and just make sure the plants are all nice and healthy.

05:22The next one I've got is a banana plant.

05:25Now, a banana plant is not something you see grown in Scotland very often.

05:29Unless you have a heated glass house, that is.

05:32But here we've got a new variety.

05:34This one is called Ever Red.

05:36And that's due to that wee red tinge that you have on the foliage here.

05:41And I think it just gives it this tropical look.

05:43So I think these will grow very well alongside your dahlias or even your canna lilies.

05:48And I think the way we grow our dahlias, I think that's how I would grow this plant as well.

05:52So it needs to be lifted and stored somewhere dry and frost free over the winter months

05:58where we can start it off again next year.

06:01In actual fact, I was doing a wee bit of research on this plant

06:04and it says you should lift it before the first frost.

06:07So what I'd be doing come September time, keeping an eye on the forecast

06:11that if I think there's a threat of a frost, I would get it lifted up and out of the ground.

06:16And then that leads us to this passive flora that we have here.

06:21So this is another plant that I would normally associate with a grasshouse.

06:25And again, this is the only one I've got a real problem with at the moment

06:28because it does say outdoors.

06:31Now, I really don't think we've got any chance of this surviving outside over the winter months.

06:36If you do want to try outdoors in Scotland, then I would be growing it in a container.

06:40So again, you could bring it indoors over that winter period.

06:44And I think that's something we need to be wary of as well.

06:47Doing a bit of research on any plant that you buy,

06:50never mind whether it's in a garden centre, online or at the supermarkets,

06:54and investigate it that wee bit further.

06:56The supermarket chains, they'll be supplying plants down in south of England

07:00to the north of Scotland, so a wee bit more research.

07:03We'll just do a wee bit of guidance on how you should be growing this in your own garden.

07:07And then the final plant I have here is an olive.

07:12So again, you won't see many, many plants of these growing outdoors in Scotland,

07:17and certainly wouldn't be producing an olive for you either.

07:20But they do make an interesting feature.

07:22Now, one thing we need to look out for is a disease called Xylella,

07:26and that's what one of the olive plants is a host plant of.

07:29Some of the plantations in the south of Italy in the Mediterranean have been wiped out.

07:34So for the next two or three years, we want to keep an eye on this plant

07:38because this is the last disease that we want in the UK.

07:41And if we see any sign of the foliage beginning to wilt and to drop off,

07:45just look that kind of scorched way,

07:47then we would have to report this plant to the relevant authorities,

07:51and then we would deal with it from then.

07:53But other than that, we've got a cracking little selection.

07:56I'm going to get on with potting up these coleus,

07:59and you can go and join Callum in his allotment in Levin.

08:03As you know in my allotment, I don't just like to grow vegetables.

08:14I like to grow as many flowers as I can as well.

08:17One, it makes the plot nicer to look at,

08:19and two, it's really good for pollinators.

08:22Now, this is petunia. This is part of the Star Tuna collection.

08:26This variety here is blue, and this one is magenta.

08:30With petunias, what's key is if you go in,

08:33you find the old petals that's died, and you just pull them out,

08:38and that's just going to keep this flowering all summer long.

08:41And then down here, this is a begonia. This is begonia megawatt.

08:45And this, what's great is that all you need is one plant per pot

08:48because it will grow 40 centimetres wide and 60 centimetres tall.

08:53And we get these sort of biggish blooms from it, just really nice.

08:58And then behind it here, this is chocolate cosmos.

09:00The variety is chocamoca.

09:02And when you go over there, you get this beautiful chocolate scent from it.

09:06But this one here, this is also a chocolate cosmos.

09:09This is a newer variety, and this is cherry chocolate.

09:13And the key with this as well is, is you just take your secateurs,

09:16and you were looking for spent blooms.

09:19And we just go back to a side shoot, and we just want to cut these off.

09:25I'm planning to go away for a few days.

09:28So what I've been doing with my hanging baskets is,

09:30with the time we're leading up to going away,

09:32I'm making sure to give them a good soak, a good watering,

09:35until I see the water coming out the bottom.

09:37I'm then going to take these down,

09:39and I'm going to put this over in the shade.

09:41By putting it in the shade, hopefully they won't dry out as quick,

09:44so when I come back, my baskets will still be looking quite nice.

09:55If you're like myself, and you're going to be going away for a few days holiday,

10:02but you're a wee bit concerned on that you're not going to be able to water your plants,

10:06well here's some suggestions.

10:08So, I've got, if you've got quite a lot of pots to water,

10:12well here's a great way.

10:13If you have a source of water, so you could use a bowl, a bucket,

10:16I've just got my watering can here.

10:18And if you take a bit of cotton twine,

10:20it's important cotton because that'll absorb the water better,

10:23you then put that end into the water,

10:26you then take a cocktail stick,

10:29place that into the pot,

10:31then just wrap it round,

10:34a bit twine round that,

10:36and make sure that your source of water is higher than the pots.

10:40The water's then going to be like a wick down the cotton,

10:44and it's going to give your plants some water.

10:47Now, of course, there are trays and saucers that you could use,

10:52but they're mainly for collecting water.

10:53That'll give your plants maybe a day or two's water,

10:57and you know, it's better than nothing.

10:59But we've got this bottle of water here,

11:01and I've drilled a hole in the bottom, hole in the top,

11:03and then I've cut a cotton bud in half and I've used it,

11:05and then if I just squeeze that lightly,

11:07look at that, a DIY irrigation system, homemade,

11:11and then we'll just plant that right beside our plants,

11:15and then as the plant needs it,

11:17that's just going to drip away

11:19and give our plants some source of water.

11:22Now, the size of the bottle really depends

11:25on how long you're going away for.

11:27So I've got this two-liter bottle that I've recycled,

11:31and I've drilled four holes in the top,

11:34and I've almost filled it full.

11:36Now, when I turn this upside down,

11:38you'll see because I'm putting pressure on it,

11:40water's coming out the bottom.

11:41But the sun will do that for you.

11:43When the sun hits this,

11:45it's going to put pressure in the bottle

11:47and it's going to drip out the water,

11:50and the plants will take the moisture as it needs this.

11:52So make sure not to put this in direct sunlight

11:54because then it'll go quite quick.

11:56But then in the evening, it'll relax,

11:58won't water it the next day.

11:59As long as there's water in it,

12:00your plant's going to get a source of water.

12:02So we'll just put that into the ground.

12:07Then if you're on a wee bit of windy site,

12:09maybe put a cane in the side,

12:12and then just tie it in with some twine.

12:14And you could go away and enjoy your holiday,

12:16and your plants will still get water.

12:31Today I'm looking back at the hot border

12:33I designed a few years ago.

12:35Now that is using herbaceous perennials

12:37that are at their peak during the summer months.

12:39So those lovely orange, reds, and yellows

12:42that are spicy, hot colours in the border.

12:45We've got lovely daylily at the moment

12:47out with those vibrant orange flowers.

12:50Then next to me, I've got this one,

12:52Nautia Macedonica Red Knight.

12:55And right in front of me,

12:57I've got this Monarda Jacob Klein,

12:59and they're looking particularly good right now.

13:01But like any border, it requires a bit of maintenance,

13:04and that's what we're going to do today.

13:10So the first job to do is to deadhead this geom.

13:14So this is geom totally tangerine.

13:16It's had these lovely orange flowers earlier in the summer,

13:19but we're going to hope that we're going to get

13:21a nice second flush of flowers.

13:23So we're just going to deadhead it,

13:25and we'll go down to a growing point

13:27just above this mound of foliage.

13:29And that just tidies up the herbaceous perennial.

13:32And now that's created a bit of a gap,

13:35I've now got a new type of rubecchia

13:38to plant at the front here.

13:40So this is one called Early Bird.

13:42It's going to be great for bees and pollinators.

13:45Also, the seed heads are wonderful

13:48for finches in the wintertime.

13:50So what we've got is we're planting them in threes

13:53because that'll make them look nice and natural in the border.

13:56You might want to...

13:57Some of these are quite pot-bound,

13:59so you might just want to tease out the roots as well.

14:03And that fills that gap just nicely at the front here.

14:07So to my right here is this naughtier red knight,

14:10but what you can see is it's starting to get

14:12a bit woody and dead in the centre,

14:14so that classic donut around the herbaceous perennial.

14:18So dead in the centre but alive on the outside.

14:21So the best thing to do would be this autumn or next spring

14:24is to dig up that clump and then split and divide it.

14:27It would then reinvigorate it.

14:29It would prevent it from flopping over.

14:31And then you might be able to split it into different areas

14:34within the border or in other parts of the garden.

14:41So right at the front of the border,

14:43I'm noticing a bit of gaps.

14:45So what I've got now is a nice red geom.

14:48So this is one called Geom Mrs J Bradshaw.

14:52It's going to have scarlet red flowers

14:54and it's particularly low-growing,

14:56so it's perfect to go at this front spot in the border.

15:00It's an award of garden merit perennial,

15:02which means it's been awarded

15:04because it's really garden-worthy

15:06and it's going to perform and flower all summer long.

15:09So we're just going to pop that in this planting hole

15:12and then just backfill around it.

15:19So now we're at the back of the border

15:21and I'm going to be putting in perennials

15:22that are particularly good for adding height

15:24and drama to the border.

15:26So what we've got is this nice Bistorta blackfield

15:30and it's going to get to about 90 centimetres tall.

15:33So that's just what we want for that height.

15:36It's going to have these beautiful red flowers

15:39and we're again planting in threes,

15:41but these will all clump up

15:43and provide a nice mass of that herbaceous perennial.

15:47The next one I've got is this nice Achillea.

15:50It's called terracotta.

15:51It's going to have orange flowers

15:53that are flat on a landing pad,

15:55great for pollinators

15:57and it will go from orange to a nice soft yellow.

16:00It has amazing aromatic leaves

16:03and it has a sort of silver pop to it

16:07so it will add a bit of colour also from the foliage.

16:10This Achillea will grow in any soil type

16:13as long as it's in full sun.

16:15Now it's time to go and see Carol

16:17who's in Moray on a farm learning about plant dyes.

16:23She met with Amy Neville who works for Naturally Useful

16:26and teaches classes on historical techniques

16:28using natural plant materials.

16:36Well Amy, I'm familiar with a lot of these plants

16:38that grow in your garden

16:40but really what I want to know

16:41is what you're using them for.

16:43Tell us a bit about it.

16:44So lots of these plants in this garden

16:46are for dye, for colour.

16:48This one here for example is called Wode

16:51and it's a traditional dye plant

16:53and the leaves of this plant will give us blue.

16:56Well blue's my favourite colour.

16:57Presumably is that one quite a difficult process?

17:00Unfortunately this one we can't do today

17:02because it would take an awful lot of processing.

17:04In the past it even used urine.

17:06Fascinating.

17:07OK, what about this one here?

17:09So over here we've got Dyer's Chamomile

17:13which has Tinctoria in its name

17:16which gives us an indication that you can get dye from a plant.

17:19So any plant that's got Tinctoria in it is a dye plant?

17:22Absolutely, that's right.

17:23And is it yellow you get from this?

17:25Yes, let's take lots of these

17:27and these are going to give us yellow

17:30but if we were to take the leaves and the stems

17:32from this same plant we would get green.

17:34So we've done yellow, we've done blue.

17:37Can we find a plant that gives us red?

17:39Absolutely.

17:40So here we've got something called madder.

17:45It's another traditional dye plant

17:47and with this plant it's the root of this plant

17:50that we need to take

17:51and we need it quite thick

17:53like pencil thickness or pinky thickness

17:55so we need to wait three years at least

17:57for it to grow bigger.

17:58Gosh, so that's quite a long process

17:59to wait that amount of time.

18:01Presumably historically this was used a long, long time ago?

18:05Yes, the combination of woad, weld and madder

18:09are the three that would have been growing in Scotland

18:13quite easily in the past and used a lot.

18:15So do we have weld as well?

18:17We do.

18:18Just over here we've got some weld flowers

18:20and it's the top part of the plant that we use

18:23and it's luckily in flower right now.

18:26this one is going to give us yellow

18:29and from this we're going to take the top of the plant

18:33round about something like that.

18:39So we can actually use this dry as well

18:41we don't have to use it fresh today

18:43we could let this dry out

18:44and still use it later on in the winter

18:46when it's not actually in bloom.

18:47Amy, can we now take this and look at the next process?

18:51Yes, let's go and take this up to the pole barn

18:53and we're going to pop it in the pot.

19:11Well Amy, you did mention pots, lots of pots here.

19:13Let's carry on with the weld with the process there.

19:17So with this weld we would chop it up

19:20and pour boiling water over it

19:22and leave it to steep overnight

19:25and then I'm going to take the plant material

19:28and strain it out so I just have the liquid.

19:31Now in this pot here we have some that we've already done.

19:35Now I can already see that that liquid is fairly yellow.

19:38What, the longer you leave it the more yellow?

19:40The stronger the colour.

19:42Now just a wee word of warning

19:44all of these pots are only pots that I use for dyeing.

19:47I don't use them for cooking.

19:48Yeah.

19:49For health and safety reasons.

19:50Absolutely, and that's the result then, the colour.

19:52That's a beautiful colour isn't it?

19:53Isn't it?

19:54From the weld.

19:55It's stunning.

19:56Yeah.

19:57Dye as chamomile?

19:58A different process?

19:59So this is an easy process you can do at home.

20:02We would pop the flowers into this jar,

20:05pour boiling water over the top

20:07and leave that on the windowsill for a while

20:10and then the colour will deepen using the sunshine.

20:13It does all the hard work for us.

20:14I mean that's really simple.

20:16And what, you can leave it weeks, months?

20:18The longer you leave it, the stronger the colour you're probably going to get.

20:21Brilliant.

20:22Amy, I'm fascinated by this because that just, well it's onion skins, isn't it?

20:26It is.

20:27And this one here has just been steeping in the cooked up onion skins overnight

20:33and then the longer you might leave it in there, the stronger the colour you won't get.

20:37Again, that's a real sort of orangey, russet colour.

20:40You've got the madder, so that's the roots, isn't it?

20:43Yeah.

20:44And I don't know if I'd call that red or I'd call it orange, but I still like it.

20:48And then you've got the beautiful blue, just stunning from the wound.

20:53What we want to do here is share all these ancient techniques using natural plant material

21:00and share that with the next generation and get everybody enthusiastic about what you can do with nature.

21:06You don't have to be using synthetic chemicals.

21:09We can be getting everything that we need just from the plant.

21:12I mean from my point of view as a gardener, I mean I think about my plants and how you grow your plants,

21:17but I've loved the fact that you can use all these plants and get these colours.

21:22It's been totally inspirational and I've really enjoyed it, thank you.

21:26You're welcome.

21:27You're welcome.

21:28You're welcome.

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21:44You're welcome.

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21:47You're welcome.

21:48You're welcome.

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21:53You're welcome.

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21:58You're welcome.

21:59You're welcome.

22:00You're welcome.

22:01You're welcome.

22:02You're welcome.

22:04On my head.

22:05I can walk past this tree during the winter months and I don't notice any issues but then

22:09I can come back in the summer and I've noticed a wee problem so when everything around me

22:14is now all green and full of leaf I've noticed that this branch and this branch here are causing

22:21a wee bit of a blockage and I wondered if I could remove this one and this one, it's going

22:27to open up the view of the waterfall where i'll be able to see the water come tumbling down

22:31crashing over the rocks and into the pond now the best time to do any pruning work on your trees is

22:37actually during the winter months during the dormant season when the tree isn't growing

22:42but as george anderson always says the second best time is actually when you see it and that's

22:47right just now but it does coincide with a second good period for the tree because once the tree is

22:52fully developed for the year you know the leaves are fully produced to their maximum size then the

22:58tree is just kind of in a suspended state it's having a wee rest before it'll then start to

23:03retrench put energy into the root system before it starts the whole process all over again next spring

23:10now these branches are actually quite long and weighty and i reckon if i was to just do one cut

23:15round about here there's every chance a bit of bark will hold on and it could produce a tear

23:21and then that's going to damage the aesthetics of this tree but actually it's going to create a wound

23:26where some pests and diseases can get in and that's one of the risks when we're doing tree pruning which

23:31we definitely want to avoid because other than that this tree is doing very very well so for this kind

23:37of job we're going to do a three-step pruning cut so gloves on because the pruning saws that we're going

23:42to use can be very very sharp and it's always best to use one of these saws rather than just a normal

23:48wood saw that you've got at home i'm going to go out about 20 30 centimeters and the very first cut

23:55we're going to do is going to be an undercut and we're looking to do that about one third

24:04or halfway through this branch and you'll start to know when you're getting there because the saw was

24:09starting to pinch there and that's where the weight of the branch at this end was closing in on the saw

24:13and then we're just going to go down about a few centimeters and we're going to do our second cut

24:20i'm going to do this a wee bit of awkward here

24:22there you go so as you can see it did do a wee tear but i've actually created a wee step cut

24:32but now that i've got all the weight off i can come in for my final cut

24:39now for that i'm looking for the branch attachment point where the branch attaches to the tree it would

24:46be forgiven to either leave a wee knobble at the end but the chances are we could maybe get some

24:52disease or pests coming in there as this little bit rots or we might think we're doing the right

24:57thing by doing a flush cut being completely in line with the bark but this little zone here it's full of

25:04energetic cells so if we find the right spot that means the wound will heal over quicker it won't leave

25:11a nasty scar on the tree and i'll also stop that infection getting into the tree which is the very

25:17one thing that we're trying to avoid so we're looking for the bark branch ridge now that's where

25:24the bark of the branch meets the bark of the trunk and creates this little ridge and then underneath

25:30we're looking for the branch collar and you can tell that by a series of ridges or little rings

25:36now that's what we're wanting to to leave in place and cut as close as we possibly can

25:42to that point just going to come in here

25:56and there we go look at that a nice clean cut there's been no tears so fingers crossed that

26:02means this little wound here is going to heal just perfectly okay i've got one more branch to reveal

26:09here which is hopefully going to open up this wonderful view so i'll crack on with that

26:24now it's time for this week's handy hints and mine is this amazing basil which is called basil

26:29lettuce leaf and it creates these enormous leaves that can be used in salads or pesto it's an heirloom

26:35variety and it's bolt resistant so a really unusual basil to be growing at this time of year

26:43now the blooms on some of our early flowering summer shrubs are starting to go over this is

26:47the best time of year to remove those flowering stems to encourage new shoots or flower again for

26:52us next year this is a wonderful variegated shrub vigil florida lovely pink blooms and what i'm

26:59wanting to do is to look for fresh growth like this now i've got two options here that i can cut back to

27:06but i reckon if i cut here the growth that i'm going to get from this stem is actually going to add a bit

27:12of additional weight and maybe put too much pressure on here eventually snap over the winter months so

27:18i'm going to follow all the way back to as close as the main part of the plant as possible

27:27give that a wee snip

27:38well kirstie now that we've removed those two branches i think it's looking a lot better

27:42it looks great and you can really see that waterfall now a lovely feature into the big pond

27:48and i think the the important thing is when you're doing a job like that you want to do your pruning so

27:52it looks like you haven't been there and i think we've managed that certainly and we did that with a

27:56cloud pruning today i think that looks really nice with that periods now and is one of my favorite

28:01elements in the garden hooked would you do it again definitely but that's all we've got time

28:06for this week ruth and lizzie will be up at the beachgrove garden next week and they've got great

28:11news if you think it's too late to start anything new because it isn't and we'll have a wonderful

28:17garden visit on the isle of mull if you enjoyed this week's episode then why don't you tell a friend

28:22because you can catch it anytime or anywhere on the bbc iphone well from the two of us it's bye for now

28:41so

28:45you

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