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The lives of Hillary Clinton and her fellow graduates from the Wellesley College Class of 1969.
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00:00Tonight on Frontline, Hillary Clinton has become the emblem for women who wanted it all.
00:12My world exploded when I got to Wellesley.
00:1625 years ago, the Wellesley class of 1969 graduated at the dawn of the women's movement.
00:23We've been endowed with a sense that we could do it all.
00:25They were not easy decisions.
00:26What if I hadn't gotten married?
00:27I would not have a husband.
00:28I would not have children.
00:29Could I still make a difference like that?
00:31The price tag.
00:32Still agonizing.
00:33I had to listen to myself.
00:34That's my life.
00:35Do I measure against Hillary?
00:36Tonight, the struggles of a generation, Hillary's class.
00:45Funding for Frontline is provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting
00:50and by annual financial support from viewers like you.
00:56The Wellesley College motto then, as now, is
01:25Non-Ministrary said, not to be ministered to, but to minister, not to be passive, but to be active, I think, is really what it gets down to.
01:43Every June, the women of Wellesley College return for their class reunions.
01:59Over the last century, Wellesley classes have included more than their share of exceptional women.
02:09But this year, one class seemed special.
02:23It was the 25th reunion of a group of women who have come to be identified with their most famous classmate.
02:29They knew her as their friend and student body president, Hillary Rodham.
02:38But Hillary and her class are special in another way.
02:41In the past 25 years, they've made a journey unlike any other generation,
02:49through a time of profound change and upheaval for women.
02:54This is their story.
02:56The story of Hillary's class.
02:57This is the Wellesley of the 1930s, when their mothers were in college.
03:23Wellesley accepted girls who were smart, well-bred, and sheltered.
03:32Middle-class girls, as well as the daughters of the wealthy.
03:37For many of them, the unabashed goal of a Wellesley education was a trip to the altar.
03:44Every spring, Wellesley girls rolled hoops down a hill in a race to see who would be the first to marry.
03:50With any luck, the winner would get a Harvard man.
03:56In 1965, when Hillary's class came to Wellesley, the hoops were still there.
04:02So were most of the traditions of their mother's and grandmother's day.
04:06Well, I remember coming to Wellesley when I was 18, fresh from Kansas,
04:15walking around the campus thinking,
04:18oh, I have never seen such a beautiful group of young women together in one place in my life.
04:23We were brought into an assembly in Alumni Hall, practically the first day we were here.
04:30And we were told, the phrase was, the cream of the cream.
04:35And that sounds really bratty and elitist now to me when I say it even.
04:41But at the time, it was a wonderful thing to hear if you were a girl.
04:44It was a wonderful thing to be told that you didn't have to take second seat to anybody
04:51and that you were one smart cookie.
04:59But Wellesley girls were expected to be not just smart, but also graceful.
05:03Young ladies who were studious and genteel and who understood the rules.
05:08In 1965, curfews were still enforced,
05:13men allowed in the dorms only on Sundays with the door open,
05:16and skirts required for trips into town.
05:20You had to pass a course called Fundamentals of Movement,
05:24which involved learning how to get out of back seats of car gracefully in high heels.
05:29And you had to have a posture picture taken.
05:32A posture picture was,
05:34you were taken into this little black box of a closet.
05:40I think they let you keep your underwear on, but I'm not sure about that.
05:43And little stickers were put down your spine.
05:47And you stood there.
05:49And all of a sudden, to your side, the doors flew open,
05:53and lights flashed, and a photograph was taken,
05:56and the doors slammed shut again,
05:58you know, lest anybody really see you out there.
06:00And a picture had been taken of how well those spots lined up on your spine.
06:05Diligent, straight-backed, well-behaved A students.
06:09That was why they'd been accepted to Wellesley in the first place.
06:14Ann Sherwood was a doctor's daughter from Ohio.
06:17We'd all worked hard.
06:19We'd all achieved across the board.
06:20We'd all done basically the same things.
06:22We were all editors of the paper, or editors of the yearbook,
06:25or heads of the government, or whatever it was.
06:27We were all the same, and we were all pretty much white Anglo-Saxon Protestants.
06:34Almost all.
06:35Of the more than 400 members of the class of 69,
06:39only a few were black, six to be exact.
06:43Francile Roussan was from St. Louis.
06:46I come to Wellesley.
06:48I have my trunks and my parents,
06:50and I meet my roommate, Susan Lebowitz, who is from New York.
06:58And I don't think anything is strange at all.
07:03And over the next few days, as I'm meeting the other students,
07:09I realize that all the other black students, except one, have black roommates.
07:15And when I talk to my own roommate,
07:19I discover that the college has called her
07:21and asked her if she would like to be a part of an experiment.
07:27And I'm pretty upset because they never call me
07:29and ask me if I would like to be a part of an experiment.
07:34Janet McDonald was from New Orleans.
07:38I went to Wellesley at 17.
07:40I also had never met anyone who wasn't black
07:43until I got to the campus at Wellesley.
07:45It was a big shock.
07:47So I planned to call home, and I did.
07:49And I expected my father to answer the phone.
07:52And I was going to say, Daddy, I want to come home.
07:54And he was going to say, Honey, I'm coming to get you.
07:57And then I would come home and go to Newcomb College
07:59at Tulane University, which would be fine.
08:02But my mother answered the phone.
08:04And the rest is history.
08:08If Janet and the other black students
08:10felt like outsiders on the Wellesley campus,
08:13Nancy Wanderer was the ultimate Wellesley insider.
08:16An honor student from the Pittsburgh suburbs,
08:19Nancy was elected president of their freshman class.
08:23I did a lot of bustling around,
08:25and if there was something that needed to be organized,
08:28I usually ended up getting involved somehow in doing that.
08:30It was fun, but really it felt more serious than that to me.
08:34It felt like something I had to do
08:36and make a contribution,
08:38even if it was to Sophomore Father's Day
08:40or something that didn't ultimately affect the world at all.
08:44While on other campuses,
09:00students were in open revolt against authority,
09:03Wellesley, like most other women's colleges,
09:06remained quiet and peaceful.
09:08But very slowly, change did come to the campus.
09:12It began with opposition to the rigid social rules and regulations.
09:18Somebody was telling me
09:19at what minute I could kiss my date goodnight
09:22and step inside the door,
09:24and that just didn't make any sense.
09:25The social change really mattered
09:27because that had to do with our self-respect
09:29and our ability to assume responsibility for our own lives.
09:33And so we focused on those rules first
09:36and changing those rules.
09:37And by the time we graduated,
09:38we had gotten rid of most of them.
09:39Once the social rules were dropped,
09:43the student movement gained momentum.
09:46Hillary Rodham emerged as a leader
09:48in the campaign to change Wellesley.
09:51Black and white students banded together
09:53in demanding a more modern curriculum,
09:56more minorities on campus,
09:58and an end to the war in Vietnam.
10:01Martha Teichner
10:02It was very exciting and very disturbing,
10:06and disturbing in ways that I think
10:09defined a lot of people for the rest of their lives.
10:11It certainly defined me.
10:13And I think that some people held back
10:15and chose the old route,
10:17the old Wellesley,
10:18the Wellesley of the 50s and the early 60s,
10:20and other people saw it as a river
10:23moving them into a different era.
10:26While many of her classmates
10:29were moving in a new direction,
10:30Nancy Wanderer chose the old Wellesley,
10:33to the great relief of her mother, Marge.
10:36What we hoped we would get from Wellesley
10:37is that we thought it would develop her
10:40into a fine wife
10:44and a wonderful mother.
10:46I hate to say that these days,
10:50but that really is what we thought
10:53was going to come out of Wellesley.
10:56And we were not disappointed,
10:59because what she came home with
11:02was beyond a mother's wildest dream.
11:05And I just thought, wow,
11:07whatever it cost us,
11:09it was well worth it,
11:10because look what she found at Wellesley.
11:16Nancy was married in the Wellesley Chapel
11:21in the spring of 1968.
11:24She was a traditional bride
11:26with veil and train,
11:29with 750 girls and their dates
11:32in the chapel.
11:37And her mother was pleased as punch,
11:41because here was the end
11:45of a dream.
11:46This young lady,
11:49dressed in white,
11:50was my daughter,
11:52and she was beautiful.
12:00Nancy and her classmates
12:02graduated a year later,
12:04and for the first time ever,
12:06Wellesley allowed a student
12:07to speak at commencement.
12:09The class chose the president
12:11of their student body,
12:12Hilary Rodham.
12:15Hilary and I were,
12:16I think,
12:16on a somewhat similar track
12:18when we came to college.
12:20We were both involved
12:21in college government.
12:23We were friends
12:24and colleagues
12:25in some of the things
12:26that we did,
12:26that we tried to do together.
12:29I always had one eye
12:31on Hilary.
12:32She was always doing things
12:33the way I maybe could have done
12:36if I'd made different choices,
12:37so I was always watching Hilary.
12:38The main commencement speaker
12:40that day
12:41was Massachusetts Senator
12:43Edward Brooke.
12:44He urged the class of 69
12:46to resist the wave
12:47of youth protests
12:48sweeping the country,
12:49which he called
12:50a perversion
12:51of democratic privilege.
12:55When Hilary took the podium,
12:58she set aside
12:58her prepared remarks
12:59and responded impromptu.
13:01It was brash.
13:06It was brilliant.
13:07It was unplanned.
13:10And it was disrespectful
13:14to Edward Brooke,
13:16Senator Brooke,
13:17who spoke at our graduation.
13:19And I can remember
13:20squirming in my seat
13:22at the same time,
13:24you know,
13:24the inner me was saying,
13:26all right.
13:28Hilary chastised the senator
13:30for underestimating
13:31her generation.
13:32She defended
13:33their idealism.
13:35As the French students
13:36wrote on the wall
13:37of the Sorbonne,
13:38she said,
13:39demand the impossible.
13:41We will settle
13:41for nothing less.
13:44I would have thought
13:45that someone
13:46could have stopped her.
13:48I would have liked
13:49to have stopped her.
13:51I'm sure her mother
13:51would have liked
13:52to have stopped her.
13:53But her class
13:55absolutely encouraged her.
13:57And when she finished,
13:59they rose in a body
14:01and applauded her.
14:04And I will never forget it
14:05because Nancy said to me
14:06at the end of graduation,
14:08take a good look at her.
14:09She will probably be
14:09the president
14:10of the United States
14:11someday.
14:12And that shook me up.
14:15She was saying
14:16what our generation
14:18of Wellesley College students
14:20came to believe
14:21was possible.
14:22We thought this is
14:25where life would take us
14:27as a generation
14:29and as women.
14:32By the time we graduated,
14:34we had real choices
14:35in front of us.
14:36It wasn't a given role
14:38in life
14:38that we were facing.
14:40It was energizing.
14:43It was exciting.
14:44And you believed
14:47that you could accomplish
14:49almost anything.
14:50It kind of frightened me.
14:51The whole group
14:52frightened me
14:53because this was
14:54the beginning
14:55of a whole new era.
14:56And these women
14:57were going to go out
14:58and take over the world.
15:00Not my daughter
15:01because my daughter
15:02was very safely married.
15:04I thought she was going
15:05to be home
15:05sweeping the floor
15:06and taking care
15:07of the baby
15:07so I wasn't going
15:08to worry about her.
15:11But I worried
15:11about the other ones
15:12because they were
15:13so sure.
15:15They were so sure
15:16of themselves.
15:18And that is something
15:19that Wellesley
15:21instills in these women.
15:24I just hope
15:25that they all
15:26are successful
15:27and happy.
15:29No, I'm going
15:30to restate that.
15:31I just hope
15:32that they're all happy.
15:32Class of 1969
15:47was remarkably lucky
15:48to graduate when we did.
15:49We had all kinds
15:50of opportunities
15:51opening up to us
15:52because of the times.
15:55We had been taught
15:57to excel,
15:58to expect
15:58that we could do well,
15:59that there should be
16:00no inhibitions
16:01on what a woman
16:02could do.
16:02That's the Wellesley
16:03message.
16:04And then we finally
16:05graduate into a world
16:06where the women's movement
16:07will make lots of changes,
16:09will open many doors
16:10for all of us.
16:13Doors were opening
16:14and it seemed
16:15that all they had
16:16to do was choose.
16:19Jan Dussman found a job
16:20with a large Boston bank.
16:23Within two years,
16:24she was one of the only
16:25two women to be promoted
16:26to marketing officer.
16:28It was a day
16:29I'll never forget
16:29but as a congratulations
16:31and sort of a celebratory thing,
16:34our boss took us
16:35to lunch.
16:37And he took us
16:38to this officer's dining room
16:39where only officers
16:41at the bank
16:41were allowed to eat.
16:42And people sat
16:43at long tables
16:44and they were served
16:46and it was really
16:47quite formal.
16:48People turned around
16:50and just kind of
16:50looked at us.
16:52It was as though
16:53we had come into this room
16:56that was such a male bastion.
16:57And their looks
16:59did not indicate
17:00surprise or upset
17:03or anything.
17:04It wasn't a negative
17:05thing at all.
17:06It was just
17:06we were so remarkable
17:08being women
17:09and being there.
17:10I knew in high school
17:11that I loved
17:12working on the newspaper
17:14and I pursued it
17:15at Wellesley
17:16and I knew I wanted
17:17to go to graduate school
17:18and I was thrilled
17:20when I got my first job
17:21in a TV station.
17:22According to Harold Holdsworth,
17:24clerk of the Franklin
17:25County Board of Elections,
17:26Ann Sherwood was hired
17:28by a television station
17:29in Ohio
17:30to be their first
17:31woman reporter
17:32on the air.
17:33For Eyewitness News,
17:35this is Ann Sherwood.
17:37I had a news director
17:38who magnanimously
17:39and tenaciously
17:41let me cover
17:42school integration
17:44and city politics
17:45and children's issues
17:47and I just,
17:48I had a wonderful time.
17:49It was great fun.
17:51When I finished
17:52my four years
17:54at Wellesley,
17:54I didn't have a clue
17:55what I wanted to do.
17:58I was terrified.
18:01It wasn't that
18:02I was facing
18:03a big adventure.
18:04It was,
18:05oh my God,
18:06how am I going
18:06to do something
18:07that I think
18:08means something
18:09in my life?
18:09Our Martha Teichner
18:10went to the education
18:11ministry,
18:12occupied for two weeks,
18:14and found the militants
18:14to be fresh-faced youngsters.
18:16So it is,
18:17not only here
18:18in El Salvador,
18:19but throughout
18:19Latin America.
18:21These are the children
18:22of revolution.
18:22Like Anne,
18:25Martha Teichner
18:26pursued a career
18:26in journalism.
18:28Her work took her
18:29around the world,
18:31but Wellesley
18:31was never far behind.
18:33Non ministeri
18:34sed ministrare.
18:38That's the,
18:39that's the motto.
18:41Not to be ministered to,
18:43but to minister
18:44or something like that.
18:45But it's,
18:46it's not to be passive,
18:47but to be active,
18:48I think,
18:49is really what
18:49it gets down to.
18:50And, you know,
18:51it's,
18:51it's a compulsion.
18:52Along cocaine alley
18:54where cocaine supports
18:55just about everybody
18:56in one way or another.
18:57When you leave
18:58Wellesley College,
18:59you drag with you
19:00that motto
19:01in,
19:02in,
19:02in,
19:03in a
19:03sack
19:05over your back
19:06that's a weight
19:07on your shoulders
19:09till the end
19:10of time.
19:11It's true.
19:11Before they knew it,
19:19it was their
19:2010th reunion.
19:24Hillary Rodham
19:25brought her husband,
19:26the newly elected
19:27governor of Arkansas.
19:29Francile Roussan
19:30was in graduate school
19:31and the mother
19:32of a toddler.
19:34Jan Dustman
19:35also had news
19:36to report
19:36to her classmates.
19:38Jan Dustman Mercer,
19:4110th reunion.
19:42Tom and I
19:43are both
19:43bank vice presidents
19:44but strangely enough
19:45the only arena
19:46in which we compete
19:47is the kitchen.
19:49Having always wondered
19:49how people manage
19:50to balance career,
19:51marriage,
19:52and children,
19:53we finally feel prepared
19:54to find out
19:55if we can add
19:55the third dimension
19:56as successfully
19:57as the other two.
19:58There's a little mercer
19:59due to arrive
20:00on the scene
20:00shortly after reunion.
20:03When I was promoted
20:04to vice president
20:04at this bank,
20:06I was also pregnant
20:08and no one else
20:09knew it.
20:10All I can remember
20:11thinking was,
20:12oh my word,
20:13I wonder if they know
20:14that I'm pregnant.
20:16What would happen
20:17if they did know?
20:18And I knew
20:19that I was
20:20in uncharted territory
20:21anyway
20:21and I just figured
20:22this extra little glitch,
20:24it wasn't exactly
20:24a little glitch,
20:25this glitch
20:26was going to have
20:29some unknown effect
20:30on me and my career.
20:32Little did I know
20:33how much of an effect.
20:34Jan had her baby
20:37and a few months later
20:38went back to work.
20:40I didn't want to stay
20:41really late.
20:43I did want to get home
20:44and see my baby
20:45and I felt
20:45tremendous conflict
20:46but I also knew
20:48that there were people
20:48watching to see
20:49if I was at my desk
20:50as many hours
20:51as I had been before.
20:53I actually had
20:54a woman come up to me
20:56and she said to me,
20:58Jan,
20:59you've got to do this well
21:00because you're doing it
21:01for all of us
21:02and I was flattered
21:05on the one hand
21:05but my overwhelming
21:07feeling was,
21:08oh my gosh,
21:09you know,
21:10this is not just me,
21:11I'm carrying this huge
21:12weight around with me.
21:14There was a mantle
21:15you carried
21:15being the first woman
21:16who did whatever
21:17it was you were doing
21:18and many of my classmates
21:19were the first woman
21:20in their law firm
21:23to make partner,
21:23the first woman
21:24in that business,
21:25the highest ranking woman
21:26in the bank,
21:26whatever it was.
21:30Unfortunately,
21:31I think we saw it
21:32as a burden,
21:33we saw it as an opportunity
21:34but as a burden
21:35instead of being able
21:36to delight in,
21:37hey, we're here
21:38and look what we're doing
21:39and enjoying it.
21:41Ann tried to enjoy it.
21:43She'd married
21:43and held on to her career
21:45as a reporter
21:45while managing
21:46her growing family
21:47but it was getting
21:48increasingly difficult.
21:50I agonized for years
21:52that I couldn't do it all.
21:53Now, I did know
21:54I couldn't do it all
21:55and I did spend
21:56good time doing
21:57what I could do
21:58but I really thought
21:59I should be doing,
22:00always thought,
22:01always thought
22:02I should be doing
22:02something more.
22:04For some of the black women
22:05in the class of 69,
22:07the conflict between work
22:08and family
22:09felt less dramatic.
22:12I always thought
22:13I would have a career.
22:15I didn't really
22:16think about
22:18that this would be
22:19a big deal
22:20because my mother
22:21had worked.
22:25Francile Roussan
22:26married,
22:27had children
22:28and built a career
22:29teaching Afro-American
22:30studies.
22:31Most black women
22:32had been raised
22:34to believe
22:35that you would
22:36get married
22:37but you would be
22:37capable
22:38of supporting yourself
22:41and I think
22:42that was something
22:42that was very different
22:44from the white students
22:47that graduated
22:47from Wellesley.
22:48the idea
22:49that you would
22:50have a career
22:50was a new idea
22:52and there was
22:53much more conflict
22:54about staying at home
22:56and not staying at home.
22:59Janet McDonald
23:00married Calvin Hill,
23:01a star running back
23:02for the Dallas Cowboys
23:04who was often away
23:05for long stretches
23:05at a time.
23:07She worked 12-hour days
23:08as a consultant
23:09for the Army
23:10and the Pentagon
23:10while her son Grant
23:12was young.
23:12I also connected
23:14with Grant
23:14every single day
23:15mostly from the Pentagon
23:16when he was a young child
23:18and at home
23:18with a sitter
23:19after school
23:19by calling him
23:21at 4 o'clock
23:21every day
23:22where we had
23:23the kind of a conversation
23:24that mothers
23:25who are at home
23:26have.
23:27If I were in Germany,
23:29if I were in
23:30Fort Hood, Texas,
23:31if I were
23:32at the Pentagon,
23:33it didn't matter.
23:34I made that connection
23:35the same time
23:36every day.
23:39But for Jan,
23:41working at the bank
23:42while raising a young child
23:43was getting too difficult.
23:45I ended up
23:46leaving the bank
23:47because the older
23:48my son got,
23:49the more I felt
23:51I had not enough
23:52flexibility.
23:53So I kind of
23:54popped the decision
23:55on them.
23:57But I was extremely
23:58disappointed
23:58that no one
24:00came to me
24:00and begged me
24:02to stay.
24:03If nothing else,
24:04I was an important
24:04number for
24:06government statistics.
24:07You know,
24:07a woman in a high
24:08position.
24:10And
24:10the ranks
24:12closed very quickly
24:13behind me.
24:14It was a very
24:15painful experience
24:16as a matter of fact.
24:19In 1980,
24:21Ann, too,
24:21was faced with
24:22having to leave
24:23her job
24:23when her husband
24:24was offered
24:24a new position
24:25in Dallas.
24:26Although she didn't
24:27want to go,
24:28she followed him
24:29there.
24:30Moving to Dallas
24:31was one of the
24:33hardest things
24:33I ever did.
24:34I had a six-year-old,
24:38a three-year-old,
24:39and an infant.
24:40I had no help,
24:44no support,
24:45and I had a husband
24:46who was in a new job.
24:47And that was taking
24:48all of his emotional
24:49energy and physical
24:50energy, too.
24:51I thought we had
24:52talked about what
24:53we were doing.
24:57But I probably
24:58didn't listen as much
25:00as I should have
25:01to where Ann was.
25:02I didn't do
25:04anything right
25:05about it.
25:06I did a lot of
25:07crying and raging
25:08and screaming,
25:09and I'm not proud
25:11of that time
25:12in my life.
25:13It was not good
25:14for the marriage.
25:15It was not good
25:16for my children.
25:17I began to wonder
25:18if my children
25:18would ever be happy
25:19because they never
25:20saw me happy.
25:22Hi, Mom.
25:23Hi, darling.
25:23How are you?
25:24Good.
25:25How was school?
25:26Raising kids
25:26takes a lot of time,
25:27and that's always
25:28been a priority for us.
25:31Ann is the one
25:31who has executed
25:33that priority,
25:34I guess.
25:37So do you think
25:38that's what she wanted,
25:39to stay home
25:39with the kids?
25:43That's a hard question.
25:45And, uh...
25:47I realized
25:57that I'd made a deal
25:59that nobody else
26:00was party to,
26:02that I had given up
26:04several things
26:05that were important
26:06to me,
26:07my independence,
26:09my career.
26:12And in exchange,
26:13I expected Erwin
26:14to be there,
26:16be there for me
26:17whenever I needed him,
26:19for whatever I needed.
26:21He didn't make that deal.
26:22There are reports
26:24that the Iraqis
26:25have crossed the border
26:26overnight
26:27and laid new minds...
26:28Martha Teichner
26:29continued with
26:30the television career
26:31that Ann felt
26:32she had to give up.
26:33By just turning around,
26:35I can count more than
26:3640 oil fires
26:37on the horizon.
26:38I'm never bored.
26:40I never get tired
26:41of the stories.
26:42That's what drives me.
26:44I never get tired
26:45of the adventuring.
26:46I never get tired
26:47of the writing.
26:48On the ground
26:49in Sarajevo,
26:49the C-130s
26:50don't even shut off
26:51their engines.
26:52But if someone
26:54had told me
26:55when I was 24
26:56that the price tag
26:58at the end of the road
27:00when I'm 46
27:01is that
27:02I would have moved
27:0410 times
27:05moves over 600 miles,
27:08being uprooted
27:09again and again
27:10and again
27:11just when
27:12some sort of root
27:13in a personal life
27:15begins to grow,
27:17I don't know
27:17what I would have done
27:18when I was in London
27:21the first time
27:22from 1980
27:23till 1984,
27:24I had just gotten
27:26to the point
27:27where I thought,
27:28well,
27:28I'm reaching out
27:30so that this really
27:31is home
27:31and maybe I could
27:32meet somebody
27:33and get married
27:34and so on and so forth.
27:35I was about
27:3530,
27:3734,
27:3835,
27:38I could figure it out,
27:39but mid-30s
27:40at the time
27:42when you start
27:43thinking about
27:43those things
27:44if you haven't
27:45had them.
27:45and I was
27:47transferred to Dallas
27:48and the management,
27:50the president
27:51and the vice president
27:52of CBS News
27:53came through
27:53and transferred
27:54a lot of people
27:55and my first reaction,
27:58the first thing
27:59that crossed my mind
28:00was,
28:01now I'll never
28:02have children
28:03and I knew
28:07that that was it,
28:11that by the time
28:12life played itself out
28:14with the amount
28:15of travel I did
28:16and so on,
28:17that that was it,
28:18that I would be 40
28:20and probably
28:21transferred again
28:22and that my chances
28:23were most likely
28:25demolished forever
28:28and I went outside
28:29and my office
28:30overlooked Hyde Park,
28:32which is a lovely,
28:32green,
28:33big,
28:34elegant park
28:35in the middle
28:36of London
28:36and I went outside
28:38and I sort of
28:39stumbled through
28:40the park
28:41to a bridge
28:41and I grabbed
28:43onto a bush,
28:44just stood there
28:45for an hour
28:46and a half
28:47and cried
28:48and cried
28:49and cried
28:50uncontrollably
28:51because I knew
28:52I would never
28:54have children
28:54and yes,
28:56I could have said
28:57I quit
28:58but I had a mother
29:00to support
29:00so I couldn't say
29:02well,
29:03I'm just going to
29:04walk away from this
29:05because who would
29:05take care of my mother?
29:07Let's go.
29:09Now where are we going?
29:10Martha did move
29:12to Dallas
29:12and after a few years
29:14she was transferred
29:15to South Africa
29:15then back to London.
29:17She didn't marry
29:18nor did she have children.
29:21What am I going to do
29:22with you?
29:22The year she was transferred
29:24to Dallas
29:24was also the year
29:26of her 15th reunion.
29:28She didn't go.
29:32Anne also decided
29:33to stay home in Dallas
29:34and not to go
29:35to the reunion.
29:37I let my classmates
29:39be my peers.
29:40If I'm going to feel judged
29:41they're my jury.
29:46And I think
29:47well,
29:47they must wonder
29:48what I do all day
29:49or why I don't work
29:51or
29:51how productive
29:54I think I
29:55I read other people's judgments
29:58and they're really my own.
30:03Nancy Wanderer
30:04had also worried
30:05about how her classmates
30:06would see her.
30:07I actually gave
30:09some small thought
30:10to not going
30:10to the last reunion
30:11which will shock people
30:13because I am
30:14the 100%
30:15most loyal
30:16class of 69
30:18Wellesley person
30:18there could possibly be
30:19but I did
30:21I did think about it
30:22because so much
30:23had changed
30:24right about the time
30:25of that reunion
30:25and I didn't even know
30:28what I would say
30:28to people
30:29when I came
30:30as a different person
30:31or in different
30:32circumstances.
30:33Nancy had stayed home
30:37raising her two children
30:38while her husband
30:39built a career
30:40as a successful
30:41academic in Maine.
30:43I never felt
30:44like a wife.
30:45I tried to
30:47I tried to
30:48I tried to be
30:49a faculty wife
30:50I tried to be
30:51a graduate student wife
30:53and I just never
30:54felt comfortable
30:55with it.
30:56I always wanted
30:57to be my own person
30:58in these scenarios
30:59and it never seemed
31:01like what anyone
31:01wanted me to be.
31:03My husband
31:04had a high position
31:05in the administration
31:06at the college
31:07and we were not only
31:08going to the faculty
31:09things we were going
31:10to things with the trustees
31:11and all of the dignitaries
31:14and I was supposed
31:15to behave myself.
31:17He didn't tell me this
31:18but I felt
31:19there was an expectation
31:20of me to be polite
31:22to be not argumentative
31:24when for example
31:26the trustees say
31:27I never hire
31:28women salespersons
31:30because my customers
31:31would never find
31:32them credible.
31:33I was supposed
31:34to say
31:34oh yeah
31:35I really can understand
31:36that.
31:36Instead of course
31:37I was getting
31:37in these fights
31:38with these people
31:38and I was doing
31:40small subversive things
31:41like coming
31:42to these dinners
31:43after I'd be running
31:44with my friend
31:45another woman
31:47professor
31:48and washing my hair
31:49and coming in
31:50with my hair wet
31:50to these dinners.
31:53At the age of 38
31:55deeply unsatisfied
31:57Nancy applied
31:58to law school.
31:58a dream put aside
32:0018 years earlier
32:01when she married
32:02but her restlessness
32:04continued.
32:05And I can remember
32:06a night
32:07out in a stormy night
32:09where I went running
32:11and my husband
32:12so he sort of
32:14caught up with me
32:14and we were out
32:15in this wild storm
32:17with wind and rain
32:18and everything else
32:18where he just looked
32:19at me and said
32:20you know
32:21what is wrong with you?
32:23And I
32:24it was at that moment
32:25that I realized
32:26there is something wrong.
32:27I couldn't bring
32:34myself to leave.
32:35Finally he was the one
32:36that said
32:37you've got to go.
32:39I'm actually
32:40very grateful
32:41to him
32:41that he was
32:42wise enough
32:44to know
32:44when the end
32:45had come.
32:46their 15th reunion
32:58took place
32:58in 1984.
33:01To Johanna Branson
33:02the changes
33:03seemed dramatic.
33:04It really hit me
33:06at our 10th reunion.
33:09We were in our
33:10early 30s
33:11so we still
33:12were optimistic
33:14about getting married
33:16about having children
33:17and everything
33:19still seemed to be
33:20going our way
33:21and I remember
33:22looking around
33:23in this room
33:24full of women
33:24all dressed
33:28in these
33:29bright solid
33:30color jackets
33:31you know
33:31just ready
33:31for network
33:32news interviews
33:33that might drop
33:34on them
33:34and clutching
33:35these thick
33:35leather
33:36appointment books
33:37and running
33:38around networking
33:38and I was
33:39thinking
33:39this is getting
33:42borderline
33:43insufferably
33:44smug.
33:46You know
33:46the optimism
33:47was turning
33:48a little bit
33:49into something
33:49that seemed to me
33:50to be unfounded
33:51and
33:52it was
33:54a world
33:55different
33:56five years later
33:57for the 15th reunion
33:59because
33:59women were
34:02in their late 30s
34:03Carter wasn't
34:04in the White House
34:05people had lost
34:07their snazzy jobs
34:08maybe they were
34:10having to reinvent
34:11new jobs
34:11for themselves
34:12there wasn't
34:13a track
34:13they could follow
34:14maybe people's
34:17marriages
34:17weren't existing
34:18anymore
34:18or they still
34:19hadn't found
34:20somebody
34:20and a lot
34:22of people
34:24I think
34:24were facing
34:24real fertility
34:25problems
34:26and so
34:27as a whole
34:28I remember
34:28looking around
34:29that room
34:29and thinking
34:30this is a much
34:33humbler
34:33but a much
34:34more interesting
34:35group of women
34:35much more
34:36complex
34:37Here are the words
34:42I want you to
34:43think about
34:43feminism
34:44liberation
34:48Betsy Griffith
34:49is an author
34:50and an academic
34:51specializing in
34:52women's history
34:53is feminism
34:55a word which
34:56is comfortable
34:56to you
34:57some contemporary
34:58writer says
34:58it's the new
34:58f-word
34:59nobody wants
34:59to use it
35:00nobody will
35:01say it about
35:01themselves
35:02what does it
35:02mean to you
35:02people parading
35:04around in the
35:05streets or whatever
35:06just being very
35:07militant
35:07bashing men
35:09and what not
35:09they don't remember
35:11when girls
35:11couldn't wear
35:12jeans
35:12they don't
35:13remember
35:13when girls
35:14couldn't play
35:14little league
35:15soccer
35:15they don't
35:16remember
35:16when you
35:17couldn't be
35:18a pilot
35:19or get into
35:20the military
35:21academies
35:21they have
35:22no sense
35:24of when
35:25there were
35:25barriers
35:25so you have
35:27to put them
35:27back in that
35:28context
35:28and then you
35:29talk about
35:29what created
35:30the change
35:30and the
35:31commitment
35:32to change
35:32by women
35:33who were
35:33feminists
35:34I'm a
35:40feminist
35:40unabashed
35:41militant
35:42happily
35:43feminist
35:44Betsy is
35:46the head
35:46mistress
35:47of Madeira
35:47an exclusive
35:48private school
35:49for girls
35:50outside Washington
35:51she has
35:52two children
35:52a daughter
35:53and a son
35:54John David
35:55doesn't seem
35:56to notice
35:56that he's
35:57had a working
35:57mom his
35:58whole life
35:59and he
35:59seems
36:00perfectly
36:01content
36:01and when
36:01I invite
36:02him to
36:02bake cookies
36:03with me
36:03he thinks
36:03it's so
36:04unusual
36:04that he
36:05turns me
36:05down
36:06and it
36:11would probably
36:11be different
36:12if I didn't
36:13have a husband
36:13who also had
36:14flexibility in
36:15his life
36:15to do all
36:16these things
36:16I could never
36:17have done
36:18this job
36:18without this
36:20marriage
36:20supporting me
36:21first word
36:22want
36:23second word
36:26school
36:27remember that
36:28one
36:28I jokingly
36:30refer to
36:30myself as
36:30Mr. Mom
36:31in this
36:31situation
36:33A-M-A-I-L-L
36:37and I enjoy
36:38seeing her
36:40succeed
36:41and so it's
36:43not a source
36:43of embarrassment
36:44at all to me
36:45that I do
36:47some things
36:48that men may
36:50not do
36:51as a normal
36:52routine
36:52I think that
37:04Betsy actually
37:05thrives
37:06on the
37:08challenge
37:08of making
37:09both parts
37:10of her life
37:11work
37:11there are
37:13labels
37:14for everything
37:15there are
37:16lists for
37:16everything
37:17there is
37:17a time
37:18for everything
37:19she is
37:21fastidious
37:22in the
37:23extreme
37:24are you out
37:25of junk
37:25food
37:25yes
37:26we need
37:27we need
37:27chocolate chip
37:29granola bars
37:30and brussels mint
37:31cookies
37:32wait wait
37:32cookies
37:33where's cookies
37:34no mom
37:37it's required
37:38no
37:39non-negotiable
37:40required
37:41no
37:42Betsy's daughter
37:43Megan
37:43is 17
37:45give her a
37:46chance
37:46don't
37:47back out
37:48before you
37:48know what
37:48happens
37:49you have
37:49to do
37:49today
37:50I think
37:51she has
37:51very high
37:52expectations
37:52for me
37:52I think
37:53she has
37:53very high
37:53expectations
37:53for everyone
37:54I think
37:56she expects
37:57everyone else
37:57to work
37:58as hard
37:58as she does
37:58to try
38:00as hard
38:00as she does
38:01to accomplish
38:02as much
38:02as she
38:03tries to
38:04accomplish
38:04would you
38:05do it
38:06no
38:09I wouldn't
38:10I wouldn't
38:11do it the way
38:12that she does
38:12it
38:12I don't think
38:13I would be
38:13able to
38:14to not
38:16sleep
38:17to be so
38:19stressed
38:20all the time
38:20to just
38:20run around
38:21and run
38:21around
38:21that I
38:23would want
38:24to have
38:24it more
38:25separate
38:25this is
38:26my job
38:26this is
38:26my family
38:27and there's
38:29a line
38:29in between
38:30them
38:30but
38:32whatever
38:33it's her
38:34life
38:34not mine
38:35yet
38:35who do
38:37you measure
38:37yourself
38:38against
38:38I
38:46measure
38:46myself
38:47against
38:47an
38:47expectation
38:48of what
38:48I
38:48think
38:48I
38:49could
38:49be
38:49I
38:50don't
38:50think
38:50I
38:50can
38:50define
38:51that
38:51yet
38:51I
38:52don't
38:52think
38:53I've
38:53satisfied
38:53myself
38:54on that
38:54measure
38:54yet
38:55that
38:55person
38:55would
38:56be
38:56more
38:56balanced
38:57that
38:57person
38:58would
38:58read
38:58the
38:58newspaper
38:58every
38:59day
38:59that
39:00person
39:00would
39:00be
39:00able
39:00to
39:00do
39:00the
39:01New York
39:01Times
39:01crossword
39:02puzzle
39:02and
39:03exercise
39:03for
39:0435
39:04minutes
39:04at least
39:05four
39:05times
39:05a
39:06week
39:06and
39:06always
39:07be
39:07home
39:07at
39:07bedtimes
39:08and
39:08still
39:08bake
39:09cookies
39:09but
39:11I'm
39:11maybe
39:12I'll
39:12grow
39:12into
39:13that
39:13person
39:13I
39:14think
39:14a lot
39:14of
39:14us
39:15see
39:16ourselves
39:16as
39:16evolving
39:17yes
39:25there have
39:26been
39:26some
39:26professional
39:27things
39:27I
39:27haven't
39:28been
39:28able
39:28to
39:28do
39:28because
39:29I
39:29put
39:29my
39:29son
39:30first
39:30Janet
39:31Hill
39:32runs
39:32a
39:32successful
39:33corporate
39:33consulting
39:34firm
39:34in
39:34Washington
39:35her
39:36son
39:36Grant
39:36now
39:3621
39:37just
39:38signed
39:38a
39:38$45
39:39million
39:39contract
39:40to
39:40play
39:40basketball
39:41for the
39:42Detroit
39:42Pistons
39:43her
39:44husband
39:44Calvin
39:44is a
39:45sports
39:45consultant
39:46I
39:48don't
39:49feel
39:49upstaged
39:50because
39:50I
39:50feel
39:51very
39:51grounded
39:51with
39:52them
39:52and
39:52they
39:53do
39:53check
39:53their
39:53egos
39:54at
39:54the
39:54door
39:54when
39:55they
39:55come
39:55in
39:55their
39:55athletic
39:56egos
39:56at
39:56the
39:56door
39:57so
39:57they
39:57don't
39:57bring
39:57that
39:58home
39:58I
39:59don't
40:01act
40:02I
40:03don't
40:03sing
40:03I
40:04can't
40:05carry
40:05the
40:05ball
40:05I
40:06don't
40:06know
40:07the
40:07motion
40:08offense
40:08from
40:09the
40:09man
40:10to
40:10man
40:11defense
40:11I'm
40:12a
40:12fan
40:12and
40:13I'm
40:13simply
40:14a
40:14super
40:14fan
40:14if you
40:15will
40:15as
40:15all
40:16parents
40:16are
40:17I
40:29am
40:29proud
40:29of
40:29Grant's
40:29career
40:30I'm
40:30proud
40:30of
40:30Calvin's
40:31career
40:31and I'm
40:31proud
40:32of
40:32my
40:32own
40:32too
40:32I
40:32don't
40:33have
40:33a
40:33big
40:33ego
40:34and
40:34I
40:35don't
40:35need
40:36a
40:36lot
40:37of
40:37patting
40:37on
40:37the
40:38back
40:38to
40:38know
40:38that
40:39I'm
40:39getting
40:39the
40:40job
40:40done
40:40and
40:40that
40:41I'm
40:41getting
40:41the
40:41job
40:41done
40:41in
40:42a
40:42superior
40:42fashion
40:43I'm
40:44generally
40:44very happy
40:45with my
40:45life
40:45I'm
40:46pretty
40:46contented
40:47I'm
40:48not
40:48sure
40:48how our
40:49summer
40:49is going
40:49to shake
40:50out
40:50either
40:50Every
40:51few
40:51weeks
40:52Jan
40:52Mercer
40:53meets
40:53her friend
40:54and
40:54Wellesley
40:54classmate
40:55and
40:55sent
40:55Tillis
40:56for
40:56coffee
40:56I was
41:01a banker
41:02for 12
41:02years
41:03I've been
41:04a full
41:05time mother
41:05for almost
41:0612 years
41:07Many
41:09of the
41:09people
41:09in my
41:10neighborhood
41:11where we
41:11moved
41:12had no
41:12idea I
41:13had ever
41:13had a
41:14career
41:14never
41:15asked
41:15it was
41:16not
41:16the
41:16norm
41:17they
41:18just
41:19had no
41:20idea
41:20about
41:21that
41:21long
41:21period
41:22of
41:22time
41:22in
41:22my
41:22life
41:23that
41:23was
41:23so
41:23important
41:24to
41:24me
41:24I
41:25couldn't
41:26have
41:26chosen
41:26to
41:27just
41:27stay
41:27home
41:28it
41:29was
41:29not
41:29part
41:30of
41:30my
41:30being
41:30it's
41:33not
41:33something
41:33that I
41:33condemn
41:34or say
41:34is good
41:35or bad
41:35it's
41:36just
41:36I
41:36made
41:37a
41:37choice
41:37that
41:38in
41:38some
41:38ways
41:38is
41:38painful
41:39to
41:39me
41:39they've
41:40made
41:40choices
41:41that
41:42in
41:43some
41:43ways
41:43have
41:43been
41:43painful
41:44to
41:44them
41:44good
41:45morning
41:45Martha
41:45good
41:47morning
41:47Harry
41:47I'm
41:48peeking
41:48through
41:48the
41:49papers
41:49here
41:49it's
41:50a
41:51real
41:51battle
41:51because
41:52there
41:54are
41:54always
41:54obstacles
41:56either
41:57it's
41:57to
41:57compete
41:58against
41:58somebody
41:58that
41:59is
41:59younger
42:00or
42:00prettier
42:01or
42:02male
42:03or
42:03that
42:05is
42:05the
42:05flavor
42:06of the
42:06month
42:07Paris
42:07and
42:08fashion
42:08the
42:08words
42:09just
42:09go
42:09together
42:10don't
42:10they
42:10are
42:10Martha
42:11Teichner
42:11just got
42:12back to her
42:13home base
42:13in London
42:14after a look at the big spring fashion shows in Paris
42:17and she joins us this morning
42:19you look great this morning Martha by the way good morning
42:21thank you so much great to see you the biggest challenge is that I'm not wearing
42:29any of those things a I'd be arrested and be it's cold here I'd freeze to death
42:33just a week it's a protocol by doing it with a smile by doing it according to all those techniques that you learned at Wellesley about being gracious instead of being confrontational
42:46great story Martha thank you so much great to see you the biggest challenge of course in my professional life is maneuvering so that I can stay out there I'm 46 years old I'm at the losing end of a television news career no matter how successful or no matter how long or satisfying it may be it's staying out there
43:15on the occasion of her 20th reunion Nancy Wanderer wrote to her classmates
43:22this reunion I find myself at the end of my 20 year marriage standing at the threshold of a whole new life
43:30I'm frightened but energized about what lies ahead both in my new career as a lawyer and in my life as a self-sufficient woman
43:40I have learned about the support and strength that comes from close ties with other women
43:45and I know this will sustain me as I move into the unknown
43:49as the poet Audrey and Rich says
43:51whatever we do together is pure invention
43:54the maps they gave us were out of date by years
43:57at 41 I'm on my own
44:00but definitely not alone
44:01I know other friends who live with women who are their life partners who
44:08who find ways to not say that
44:10they say they're single mothers
44:12they say they're divorced
44:13they say they're single
44:15and none of that felt right to me
44:17and I've never been very good at not telling the truth
44:20in fact I'm lousy at it
44:22we couldn't understand it
44:24we didn't want to understand it
44:29because
44:32it was just something
44:36that we just
44:38didn't want
44:40and so
44:42we didn't
44:45go into it
44:48it wasn't so much
44:51what I thought
44:54it's what I thought
44:56that other people would think
44:57I called her and tried to talk to her for
45:00for
45:00years
45:02finally we hit a
45:04we couldn't do it
45:05we couldn't talk about it
45:06and finally we hit a point where
45:08my father suggested that we shouldn't try to talk
45:11and
45:12and so we didn't
45:14losing my mother
45:16is an almost unthinkable
45:18thing to me
45:19she is the
45:21the person that I've modeled
45:23my life on
45:24in all the ways that feel important to me
45:26I couldn't imagine
45:28not having her
45:29but I couldn't imagine
45:31not being who I was
45:34it was an impossible choice
45:37and ultimately I had to choose life for myself
45:41this is the first time I've hung clothes out this year
45:44I know
45:44it feels so good to be outside
45:45let me freeze
45:46I know
45:47Nancy and Susan have been living together
45:49for four years
45:50I feel like
45:52since I've been on my own
45:54and also
45:54sharing a home with
45:55with Susan
45:56that
45:57that I'm an adult
45:57for the first time
45:58well I see
45:59forsythia is coming
46:00but
46:00now when
46:02when did we put that in
46:03that was the first summer
46:05it was only when
46:06Nancy's father died
46:07in the spring of 1993
46:09that mother and daughter
46:10came back together
46:11I don't think I realized
46:14I know I never realized
46:17what it is
46:19to walk away
46:21from a child
46:22that you've had
46:22and it took me a while
46:26but I couldn't walk away
46:29and I think
46:31when I came back
46:34I came back
46:35as a better mother
46:36her father never came back
46:40I can't believe the moon
46:43isn't it great
46:44I know
46:44well
46:46it's probably another week
46:47it'll be cool
46:48we'll have to go in
46:50she knows that she has
46:51some finite number of years left
46:53and I think she just wants to
46:55to really get the most out of it
46:57that she can
46:57and I think she also knows
46:59that she doesn't want to do that
47:00without me
47:01and of course now that means
47:03me and Susan also
47:04and she said no
47:05the full moon
47:06is the
47:07I think it was the 24th
47:09and
47:09I think we've got it now
47:10I don't think anything like this
47:12will ever happen again
47:12so
47:13are you trying to tell me
47:15that with every full moon
47:16that there is
47:17someone arriving in the world
47:19it is said in this town repeatedly
47:41that Mrs. Clinton has
47:43you know you spend a day running carpool
47:45and say Hillary doesn't do this
47:47and think what
47:49you know
47:49what's my life
47:51do I measure against Hillary
47:52I think Hillary's been really hard
47:56for somebody like Ann
47:58because she points up
48:01the big question
48:03has what she done
48:05in fact been meaningful
48:06I think it's been incredibly meaningful
48:09the problem is
48:10is that you don't get
48:11a lot of people
48:12reinforcing
48:16your judgment
48:17over the years
48:23I have
48:23tried to measure myself
48:25against Hillary
48:26I think on the
48:29whole I have felt
48:30like I haven't
48:32I haven't come through
48:33the way she has
48:35I do find myself
48:40still agonizing
48:42over that
48:42what if I hadn't
48:43gotten married
48:43my senior year
48:44what if
48:44I mean Hillary and I
48:45probably would have
48:46ended up running
48:47against each other
48:48for college government
48:49and I wonder
48:49what if I had won
48:50where would I be today
48:53what if I had gone
48:54to Yale Law School
48:55instead of waiting
48:56until I was 38
48:57and going to the
48:57University of Maine
48:58they were all choices
49:00I made
49:00freely
49:01and I don't regret them
49:02but I have
49:03I've had to
49:04I've had to really
49:05struggle with it
49:06over the years
49:07I wouldn't have
49:08missed the chance
49:09to be here
49:11and to
49:12say hello
49:13Wellesley
49:14how are you all
49:15I'm just so proud
49:17I think she's a person
49:20who has always
49:21been responsible
49:22I think she's made
49:23responsible choices
49:24she could have been
49:25whatever she wanted to be
49:26she has all of those gifts
49:28she made a choice
49:29to follow her heart
49:31to Arkansas
49:31to marry the man
49:32she loved
49:33not to compete
49:34with him in political life
49:36to be the number two person
49:39when she had the strength
49:40to be number one
49:41Wellesley was very
49:44very important to me
49:46and I am so grateful
49:47that I had the chance
49:49to go to college
49:51at a place where
49:52women were valued
49:54and nurtured
49:55and encouraged
49:56and where we didn't seem
49:58odd at all
49:59that we wanted to do
50:00whatever it was
50:00that we thought best
50:01for our lives
50:0325 years
50:05still no cheer
50:06196 on Wellesley
50:08Hillary
50:09some of Hillary's class
50:14now have daughters
50:15at Wellesley
50:1525 years
50:18after they set out
50:19to change the world
50:19most of them
50:21are still trying
50:21to figure it out
50:22I don't think
50:25that we've got it down
50:27yet
50:28I think we have
50:29a lot to learn
50:29but I'm not sure
50:31that our example
50:32is as inspiring
50:33to younger women
50:34I think they pick up
50:35that there are cracks
50:36It's a condemnation
50:39of our generation
50:40really
50:40it is the 60s parents
50:42those of us
50:42who were
50:43I think all of those
50:45good things
50:45about the 60s
50:46all of that
50:48energy
50:49and ambition
50:50and revolution
50:52made us
50:53self-centered
50:54I think
50:55for all the talk
50:58about doing things
50:59for community
50:59and changing the world
51:01we are pretty
51:02self-centered people
51:03those of us
51:06who've thought
51:06about career
51:07who've invested
51:08in career
51:08that's taken time away
51:10that other generations
51:11of women
51:12would have given
51:12to family
51:13I have three daughters
51:16and
51:17I wanted
51:19everything to be
51:20better for them
51:21by now
51:22and I think
51:24that's part of
51:25every young generation
51:26you think
51:27everything's going to
51:27change much faster
51:28than it will
51:29but I really
51:30worry
51:32about the younger
51:34generation of women
51:35it seems to me
51:36that
51:36sometimes
51:38I
51:38sometimes I worry
51:40that in fact
51:40we created
51:41a kind of nightmare
51:41for them
51:42that
51:43we created
51:44so many
51:44options
51:45and so many choices
51:47that
51:47as mothers
51:48we've
51:49insisted
51:50for our daughters
51:50that they
51:51think of the world
51:53as being wide open
51:54sometimes I think
51:55it's overwhelming
51:56for them
51:57our hearts
51:59we'll give our lives
52:13and all to serve
52:15food
52:16of the highest
52:20soul
52:20and song
52:22our
52:23saith of
52:24day
52:25we will
52:27preserve
52:28us
52:29on the
52:30earth
52:31for every
52:34land
52:36Dear Frontline, I am so grateful...
52:50And now it's time for your letters.
52:53Our recent program, Hot Money, which examined the laundering of criminal profits through tax-free offshore banking centers,
53:00drew angry responses from many viewers complaining about exorbitant taxes in the U.S.
53:05Dear Frontline, Historically, individuals and institutions launder or otherwise conceal income only when taxation becomes regressive and confiscatory.
53:13It is out of a desire for safety, not greed, that compels many, drug dealers notwithstanding, to move their assets offshore.
53:20And until our system is swept clean of the callous and stupid fools who want it all, so it shall remain.
53:26Robert Glenn, Edmonds, Washington.
53:30And about the tale of supermarket millionaire Stu Leonard,
53:33imprisoned for masterminding the largest computer tax fraud in American history, one viewer wrote,
53:40It is unfortunate what happened to a marketing genius like Stuart Leonard, creating the American dream for himself and his family.
53:47Successful and talented entrepreneurs who make things happen are penalized in this country the way things are now.
53:53Thank God for the tax havens.
53:55And finally, a correction.
54:00In our investigation of Turnberry Underwriters Limited, a venture capital firm in Miami,
54:06Frontline inadvertently made several references to Turnberry Associates.
54:10Are you not the banking reference for Turnberry Associates?
54:13Absolutely not.
54:15That was incorrect.
54:17Turnberry Associates is a respected real estate development company in Florida which has no connection to Turnberry Underwriters.
54:23The company said it would never sacrifice the reputation of the firm by becoming involved in such illegal dealings as portrayed in the Hot Money episode of Frontline.
54:34Frontline regrets the error and apologizes to Turnberry Associates.
54:39You can interact with Frontline by sending your comments by fax to 617-254-0243,
54:46by letter or home video to this address.
54:49Next time on Frontline, he was a runaway, one of a million on America's streets where he lived as a hustler.
55:00Ian chose to be on the street.
55:03He got something from being on the street.
55:04It fed something for him that he was not getting at home.
55:07Why did he run and why did he die?
55:10Children of the Night on Frontline.
55:121-1969-0243, 1-1969-0243, one of a million on here, come up here, one and six, 9-5-0243.
55:301-1969-9243.
55:35THE END
56:05The Frontline is provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting
56:09and by annual financial support from viewers like you.
56:16Frontline is produced for the Documentary Consortium by WGBH Boston,
56:21which is solely responsible for its content.
56:30This is PBS.
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